# Global Ocean Tidal Energy Dissipation Model Data for the Present and Last Glacial Maximum
#----------------------------------------------------------------------- 
#                World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder 
#                                  and 
#                     NOAA Paleoclimatology Program 
#             National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI)
#----------------------------------------------------------------------- 
# NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. 
# If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. 
#
# Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/18719
# Online_Resource: ftp://ftp.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/gcmoutput/schmittner2015/schmittner2015.txt
#
# Original_Source_URL: 
# 
# Description/Documentation lines begin with #
# Data lines have no #
#
# Archive: Paleoclimatic Modeling
#
# Parameter_Keywords: ocean model
#--------------------
# Contribution_Date
#	Date:  2015-05-22
#--------------------
# Title
#	Study_Name: Global Ocean Tidal Energy Dissipation Model Data for the Present and Last Glacial Maximum
#--------------------
# Investigators
#       Investigators:  Schmittner, A.; Green, J.A.M.; Wilmes, S.-B.
#--------------------
# Description_Notes_and_Keywords
#	Description: This dataset includes three directories:
# 1) orig/ includes the original netcdf datafiles from the tide model
#        and files used to convert them to ascii output.
#        Contains tidal dissipation files including only IT drag
#        obtained from Sophie-Bernice Wilmes
#
#        dissipation_00.0kyrBP_ITfricPD_I0.02_191556.nc
#        dissipation_21.0kyrBP_ITfricLGM0_I0.02_583323.nc
#
#      First used ferret and the script read_diss_ITfric.jnl to produce
#      the files ITfric*inverse*.txt. Then I used the fortran program flip_lat.f
#      to produce the files ITfric*.txt. Next I used make_diss.jnl to produce the
#      diss.nc files in the pd/ and lgm/ directories. Appropriate lines in the
#      scripts and fortran code need to be commented out.
# 2) pd/ includes the present day data averaging on the UVic model grid
#        including sub-gridscale bathymetry
# 3) lgm/ as for pd/ but for LGM data
#--------------------
# Publication 
#       Authors: Schmittner, A., J.A.M. Green, and S.-B. Wilmes
#       Published_Date_or_Year:  2015-05-22
#       Published_Title: Glacial ocean overturning intensified by tidal mixing in a global circulation model
#       Journal_Name: Geophysical Research Letters
#       Volume: 42
#       Edition: 
#       Issue: 
#       Pages:
#       Report_Number: 
#       DOI: 10.1002/2015GL063561
#       Online_Resource: 
#       Full_Citation: 
#       Abstract: Due to lower sea levels during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), tidal energy dissipation was shifted from the shallow margins into the deep ocean. Here using a high-resolution tide model, we estimate that global energy fluxes below 200?m depth were almost quadrupled during the LGM. Applying the energy fluxes to a consistent tidal mixing parameterization of a global climate model results in a large intensification of mixing. Global mean vertical diffusivity increases by more than a factor of 3, and consequently, the simulated meridional overturning circulation accelerates by ~21–46%. In the model, these effects are at least as important as those from changes in surface boundary conditions. Our findings contrast with the prevailing view that the abyssal LGM circulation was more sluggish. We conclude that changes in tidal mixing are an important mechanism that may have strongly increased the glacial deep ocean circulation and should no longer be neglected in paleoclimate simulations.
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# Funding_Agency 
#       Funding_Agency_Name: 
#       Grant: 
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# Site_Information 
#	Site_Name: Global
#	Location: 
#	Country:  
#	Northernmost_Latitude:  90
# 	Southernmost_Latitude:  -90
# 	Easternmost_Longitude:  180
# 	Westernmost_Longitude:  -180
# 	Elevation:  
#------------------
# Data_Collection   
#	Collection_Name:  Tidal Dissipation Schmittner2015
#	Earliest_Year:  21000
#	Most_Recent_Year:  0
#	Time_Unit:  cal yrBP
#	Core_Length:
#	Notes: 
#------------------
# Species - this section exists only for tree ring and fire history archive/proxy.
#	Species_Name: 
#	Common_Name: 
#	Tree_Species_Code: 
#------------------
# Chronology_Information
#	Chronology: 
# 	
#----------------	
# Variables 
#
# Data variables follow are preceded by "##" in columns one and two.
# Data line variables format:  Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-9 components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, archive, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data
## dtot	Total dissipation,sum of M2 S2 K1 and O1,,W,,paleoclimate modeling,for depths > 500m,,N
## dtot_m2	Total dissipation,M2,,W,,paleoclimate modeling,for depths > 500m,,N
## dtot_s2	Total dissipation,S2,,W,,paleoclimate modeling,for depths > 500m,,N
## dtot_k1	Total dissipation,K1,,W,,paleoclimate modeling,for depths > 500m,,N
## dtot_o1	Total dissipation,O1,,W,,paleoclimate modeling,for depths > 500m,,N
## diss	Total dissipation rate,sum of M2 S2 K1 and O1,,W/m^2,,paleoclimate modeling,,,N
## diss_m2	M2 dissipation rates,,,W/m^2,,paleoclimate modeling,,,N
## diss_s2	S2 dissipation rates,,,W/m^2,,paleoclimate modeling,,,N
## diss_k1	K1 dissipation rates,,,W/m^2,,paleoclimate modeling,,,N
## diss_o1	O1 dissipation rates,,,W/m^2,,paleoclimate modeling,,,N
## mz	Landmask,,, ,,paleoclimate modeling,,,N
#----------------
# Data:
# Data lines follow 
# Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header
# Missing Values: NaN
Data and code produced and used in this study can be found in:
ftp://ftp.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/gcmoutput/schmittner2015/

Variables listed are from the tide model netCDF files which are here:
ftp://ftp.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/gcmoutput/schmittner2015/orig/dissipation_00.0kyrBP_ITfricPD_I0.02_191556.nc
ftp://ftp.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/gcmoutput/schmittner2015/orig/dissipation_21.0kyrBP_ITfricLGM0_I0.02_583323.nc