# Antarctic Ice Core 155,000 Year CO2 and Gas Stable Isotope Data #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 2.0 # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/19942 # Online_Resource: http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/antarctica/eggleston2016edml-co2.txt # # Original_Source_URL: # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Archive: Ice core # # Parameter_Keywords: atmospheric gas, instrumental data, carbon isotopes #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2016-03-28 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Antarctic Ice Core 155,000 Year CO2 and Gas Stable Isotope Data #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Eggleston, S.; Schmitt, J.; Bereiter, B.; Schneider, R.; Fischer, H. #-------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: CO2 concentration and atmospheric gas stable isotope (d13CO2 and d15N) measurements from 3 Antarctic ice cores # (EDC, EDML, Talos Dome) over the last glacial cycle. # Additional data: # Schmitt, J et al. (2012): Measurements of stable carbon isotope ratios of CO2 over the last 24000 years and CO2 concentration measurements on Antarctic ice cores using three different methods. doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.772713 # Schneider, R et al. (2013): A reconstruction of atmospheric carbon dioxide and its stable carbon isotopic composition from the penultimate glacial maximum to the glacial inception. doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.817041 # # Citations: # Bazin, L., et al. (2013), An optimized multi-proxy, multi-site Antarctic ice and gas orbital chronology (AICC2012): 120-800 ka, Clim. Past, 9(4), 1715-1731, doi:10.5194/cp-9-1715-2013. # Bereiter, B., D. Luethi, M. Siegrist, S. Schuepbach, T. F. Stocker, and H. Fischer (2012), Mode change of millennial CO2 variability during the last glacial cycle associated with a bipolar marine carbon seesaw, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., 109(25), 9755-9760, doi:10.1073/pnas.1204069109. # Luethi, D., et al. (2010), CO2 and O2/N2 variations in and just below the bubble-clathrate transformation zone of Antarctic ice cores, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 297(1-2), 226-233, doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2010.06.023. # Schneider, R. (2011), Quantifying past changes of the global carbon cycle based on d13CO2 measurements in Antarctic ice cores, PhD thesis, Univ. of Bern, Switzerland. # Veres, D., et al. (2013), The Antarctic ice core chronology (AICC2012): An optimized multi-parameter and multi-site dating approach for the last 120 thousand years, Clim. Past, 9(4), 1733-1748, doi:10.5194/cp-9-1733-2013. # #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Eggleston, S.; Schmitt, J.; Bereiter, B.; Schneider, R.; Fischer, H. # Published_Date_or_Year: 2016-03-24 # Published_Title: Evolution of the stable carbon isotope composition of atmospheric CO2 over the last glacial cycle # Journal_Name: Paleoceanography # Volume: 31 # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1002/2015PA002874 # Online_Resource: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/2015PA002874/full # Full_Citation: # Abstract: We present new d13C measurements of atmospheric CO2 covering the last glacial/interglacial cycle, complementing previous records covering Terminations I and II. Most prominent in the new record is a significant depletion in d13C(atm) of 0.5per mil occurring during marine isotope stage (MIS) 4, followed by an enrichment of the same magnitude at the beginning of MIS 3. Such a significant excursion in the record is otherwise only observed at glacial terminations, suggesting that similar processes were at play, such as changing sea surface temperatures, changes in marine biological export in the Southern Ocean (SO) due to variations in aeolian iron fluxes, changes in the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation, upwelling of deep water in the SO, and long-term trends in terrestrial carbon storage. Based on previous modeling studies, we propose constraints on some of these processes during specific time intervals. The decrease in d13C(atm) at the end of MIS 4 starting approximately 64 kyr B.P. was accompanied by increasing [CO2]. This period is also marked by a decrease in aeolian iron flux to the SO, followed by an increase in SO upwelling during Heinrich event 6, indicating that it is likely that a large amount of d13C-depleted carbon was transferred to the deep oceans previously, i.e., at the onset of MIS 4. Apart from the upwelling event at the end of MIS 4 (and potentially smaller events during Heinrich events in MIS 3), upwelling of deep water in the SO remained reduced until the last glacial termination, whereupon a second pulse of isotopically light carbon was released into the atmosphere. #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Swiss National Science Foundation # Grant: #------------------ # Site_Information # Site_Name: EPICA Dronning Maud Land # Location: Antarctica # Country: # Northernmost_Latitude: -75.002500 # Southernmost_Latitude: -75.002500 # Easternmost_Longitude: 0.068400 # Westernmost_Longitude: 0.068400 # Elevation: 2891.7 m #------------------ # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: Eggleston2016EDMLCO2 # Earliest_Year: 129422 # Most_Recent_Year: 34064 # Time_Unit: Cal. year BP # Core_Length: 2774.15 m # #------------------ # Chronology_Information # Chronology: AICC2012 (Bazin et al., 2013; Veres et al., 2013) # #---------------- # Variables # # Data variables follow are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Data line variables format: Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-longname-tab-longname components (9 components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, archive, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) # ## depth_m depth,,,m,,,measured from top of core,,N ## age_gas_calBP age gas, , , calendar years before present (1950AD), , , AICC2012 age scale, ,N ## co2_ppm carbon dioxide concentration, , , ppm, ,ice cores, , ,N ## co2_std carbon dioxide concentration standard deviation, , , ppm, ,ice cores, , ,N ## notes notes - reference,,,,,,1 = Luethi et al. (2010) EPSL (cracker); 2 = Bereiter et al. (2012) PNAS (cracker); 3 = this study (cracker); 4 = this study (sublimation),,N # #---------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing Values: nan # depth_m age_gas_calBP co2_ppm co2_std notes 1262.3 34064 196.8 2.1 4 1276.5 34955 204.7 1.5 4 1288.5 35624.7 198.4 1.5 4 1298.8 36083.6 206 1.5 4 1324.5 37484.1 209 1.5 4 1336.8 38163.6 215.8 1.5 4 1348.8 38679.9 206.1 1.5 4 1384.5 40430.7 196.1 1.5 4 1395.4 41033.2 201.2 1.5 4 1407.5 41654.9 nan 1.5 4 1419.5 42331.1 nan 1.5 4 1431.4 42967.5 202.2 1.5 4 1435.6 43206 193.8 1.5 1 1444.5 43758.7 195.6 1.5 4 1444.6 43764 199.3 1.6 1 1447.6 44033.3 188.6 3.2 1 1455.5 44576.8 203.6 1.5 4 1455.6 44583.2 200 1.7 1 1459.5 44844.6 212.6 1.5 4 1459.7 44853.6 212.4 0.7 1 1466.4 45309.3 211 1.5 4 1466.6 45319.8 209.1 2.6 1 1471.5 45610.6 209.8 1.5 4 1471.6 45616.8 212 1.1 1 1480.2 46138.5 216.3 1.5 4 1480.6 46164.4 217.6 2.2 1 1483.5 46358.2 216 1.5 4 1483.6 46364.7 207.4 0.6 1 1491.4 46840.5 206.8 1.3 1 1491.5 46847.8 211 1.5 4 1495.5 47087 202.1 1.5 4 1495.6 47095.1 199.7 4.5 1 1503.6 47622 205.3 1.3 1 1508.6 47938.3 200.3 1.8 1 1515.5 48470.6 199.1 0.7 1 1518.6 48699.8 193.6 1.5 1 1526.6 49241.9 199.4 1 1 1531.8 49580.4 202.4 1.3 1 1538.6 50118.7 200.3 0.9 1 1543.6 50472.9 202.8 1.5 1 1550.6 50955.9 205.9 2.3 1 1556.6 51339.8 205.3 2.4 1 1563.8 51778.3 211.5 1.9 4 1563.9 51784 210.4 2.3 1 1567.6 52035.8 210.7 1.6 1 1570 52188.9 213.8 1.6 1 1575.9 52557.6 218 3.6 1 1580.6 52858.3 218.2 2.1 1 1581.9 52948.5 215.9 1.3 1 1587.9 53330 220.4 0.5 1 1590.6 53498.2 219 3.5 1 1594 53718 218.4 2.8 1 1600.9 54115 212.7 2.5 1 1600.9 54113.1 219.6 1.5 4 1602.6 54228.7 214.5 1.8 1 1606 54451.6 211.9 1.6 1 1611.9 54836.1 208.7 0.9 1 1615.6 55089.4 209.4 1.9 1 1618 55271.6 209.7 0.7 1 1623.9 55680.6 209.5 1.1 1 1628.6 55980.6 203.4 1.7 1 1630 56072.1 205 0.3 1 1636.9 56551.1 205.4 0.5 1 1636.9 56547.2 201.7 1.5 4 1639.6 56743 203.7 2.3 1 1642 56902.9 208.2 0.7 1 1647.9 57324.7 210.7 0.8 1 1652.6 57664.3 217.8 1.4 1 1654 57748.7 214.2 0.8 1 1659.9 58096.4 219 1 1 1659.9 58093.7 215.8 1.5 4 1664.6 58384.1 218.4 0.6 1 1665.9 58456.5 225.7 1 1 1670.9 58739.8 218.4 0.6 1 1675.6 58993.4 221.6 2.8 1 1678 59101.2 226.8 3.7 1 1683.9 59433 223.4 1 1 1688.6 59695.3 221.8 1.2 1 1689.9 59770.7 223.9 2.6 1 1695.8 60103.4 217.3 1.1 4 1695.9 60110.3 216.7 0.8 1 1700.6 60373.1 212.9 0.7 1 1703 60516.7 217.3 0.6 1 1707.9 60817 213.8 1.4 1 1711.6 61057.2 208 1.3 1 1713.9 61234.3 210.6 1 1 1718.9 61555.5 210.9 0.7 1 1718.9 61551.5 215.4 1.5 4 1723.6 61901 206.4 1.2 1 1731.9 62552.8 202.6 0.9 1 1734.8 62773.2 202.7 2.3 1 1737 62960.7 200.1 0.6 1 1744 63555.7 197.4 1.2 1 1747.6 63898.5 197.2 0.8 2 1750 64113.8 199.7 1.3 2 1755.9 64651.3 202.6 1.5 4 1756 64658 203.7 0.5 2 1758.6 64866 201.7 1.2 2 1760.9 65048.6 199.2 0.7 2 1768 65545.7 209 3.3 2 1770.6 65763.2 198.2 0.7 2 1772.9 65938.7 200.6 1.5 2 1780 66439.1 204.4 2.9 2 1787 66960.4 207.2 1.7 2 1792 67312.7 201.1 2 2 1798 67727.6 203.8 1.1 2 1804 68145.9 200.2 1.6 2 1810 68620.1 203.4 0.6 2 1816 69081.6 205.4 0.9 2 1822 69591.9 211.3 1.1 2 1828.9 70054 215.6 1.8 2 1834 70427.2 220.3 0.5 2 1840.9 70925.5 225.2 1.4 2 1846 71279.3 235 1.2 2 1851.9 71693.7 237.6 0.8 2 1857.9 72092.6 239.5 0.9 2 1863.9 72490.4 232.8 0.9 2 1869.9 72866 232.3 1 2 1875.9 73218.2 230.9 2.1 2 1882.9 73750.9 232.7 0.9 2 1888.9 74224.7 231.3 0.7 2 1892.9 74526.1 241.2 1 2 1899.9 75068.1 243.3 1.6 2 1907 75543.3 249.5 0.7 2 1911.9 75848.1 249.9 0.6 2 1917.9 76247.6 239.3 1.1 2 1923.9 76696.4 238 2 2 1928.9 77054.4 231.7 1.5 2 1935.9 77615 224.9 1.3 2 1942 78079.1 226.6 0.8 2 1947.9 78509.3 224.1 0.6 2 1953.9 78970.1 227.3 0.6 2 1959.9 79411.2 229.3 1.3 2 1966 79876.1 234.7 0.7 2 1971.9 80328.8 230.6 0.6 2 1976.9 80722.6 233.9 1.5 2 1983.9 81206.5 230.3 0.8 2 1990.9 81711.1 234.1 1.2 2 1995.9 82069.1 238.9 0.9 2 2002 82525.5 240.9 1.6 2 2007.9 82987.8 246.3 0.7 2 2015 83555.2 247.1 1 2 2019.9 83939.1 250.8 0.8 2 2025 84358 243.2 0.8 2 2031.9 84935.9 238.4 1.1 2 2036.9 85368.4 234.7 0.6 2 2042.9 85890.5 228.8 1.6 2 2050 86499.5 223.4 0.7 2 2055.9 87027.6 221.1 2.3 2 2062 87580.1 223.6 0.9 2 2067.9 88134.9 217.8 1.6 2 2074 88700.7 224 0.5 2 2079.9 89246.3 227.4 1.1 2 2084.9 89696 228.9 0.6 2 2091.9 90317.5 229.7 1.3 2 2097.9 90832.7 231.6 0.6 2 2103.9 91445.2 231.1 0.6 2 2108.9 91948.5 233.7 1.1 2 2115.9 92667.4 232.5 2.2 2 2123 93426.2 235.2 0.8 2 2126.9 93822.8 238.2 0.8 2 2134 94568.6 242.4 0.5 2 2139.9 95232.3 242.9 1.1 2 2146 95922.3 246.2 1.5 2 2150.9 96473.8 245.8 0.6 2 2157.9 97271.5 242.4 2 2 2163.9 97926.8 239.9 0.4 2 2169.9 98584.3 243.2 0.2 2 2176.9 99358.9 243 1 3 2176.9 99358.9 243 1 2 2183 100076.6 245.6 1.1 3 2183 100076.6 245.6 1.1 2 2186.9 100541.6 247.9 1.1 3 2186.9 100541.6 247.9 1.1 2 2193.9 101326 244.8 1.1 3 2193.9 101326 244.8 1.1 2 2199.9 101969.6 240.1 0.9 3 2199.9 101969.6 240.1 0.9 2 2207 102762.1 237.1 1.8 3 2207 102762.1 237.1 1.8 2 2210.9 103307.5 240.7 0.9 3 2210.9 103307.5 240.7 0.9 2 2217.9 104275.1 247.8 0.8 3 2217.9 104275.1 247.8 0.8 2 2223.9 105120.9 251.6 0.9 3 2223.9 105120.9 251.6 0.9 2 2228.9 105888.6 262.7 1.4 2 2229.1 105912.3 262.7 1.4 3 2236.9 107160.8 241.6 1.5 3 2236.9 107160.8 241.6 1.5 2 2242 108067.4 239.8 1.3 3 2242 108067.4 239.8 1.3 2 2247.9 109004 245.2 2.1 3 2247.9 109004 245.2 2.1 2 2253 109750.1 251.7 1.9 3 2253 109750.1 251.7 1.9 2 2259.9 110770 254 1.6 3 2259.9 110770 254 1.6 2 2266 111625.5 263.9 0.7 3 2266 111625.5 263.9 0.7 2 2271.6 112456.9 268.7 0.6 3 2271.6 112456.9 268.7 0.6 2 2278 113431.1 276.1 0.6 3 2278 113431.1 276.1 0.6 2 2284.9 114436.3 269.4 1.4 3 2290 115154.1 277.7 0.6 3 2295.9 115981.1 277.7 1 3 2301.9 116817.2 280.2 1 3 2307.9 117619.7 281.3 1.4 3 2314 118459 280 1.2 3 2319.9 119345.8 285.9 1 3 2326 120357.2 285.1 1.3 3 2331.9 121352.8 280.4 1.1 3 2336.9 122246.5 279.8 1.3 3 2343.9 123576 283.9 0.5 3 2348.9 124552.6 283.6 1 3 2355.1 125806.3 282.8 1.3 3 2358.1 126425.7 281.2 0.5 3 2361.8 127215.9 276.1 1.6 3 2363.2 127494.5 279.9 0.5 3 2368.1 128443.2 284.3 1.5 3 2372.1 129224.6 278.5 0.7 3 2373.1 129422.7 270.8 1.4 3