# EPICA Dome C - Carbon Dioxide and Methane Data #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 4.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite original publication, NOAA Landing Page URL, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, study title, NOAA Landing Page URL, and date accessed. # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # NOAA_Landing_Page: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/2449 # Landing_Page_Description: NOAA Landing Page of this file's parent study, which includes all study metadata. # # Study_Level_JSON_Metadata: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/json/noaa-icecore-2449.json # Study_Level_JSON_Description: JSON metadata of this data file's parent study, which includes all study metadata. # # Data_Type: Ice Cores # # Dataset_DOI: 10.25921/ggj5-vt17 # # Science_Keywords: #-------------------- # Resource_Links # # Data_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/antarctica/epica_domec/domec_co2-noaa.txt # Data_Download_Description: NOAA Template File; Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide Data # #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2001-01-01 #-------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2022-07-21 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: EPICA Dome C - Carbon Dioxide and Methane Data #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Monnin, E.; Indermühle, A.; Dällenbach, A.; Flückiger, J.; Stauffer, B.; Stocker, T.F.; Raynaud, D.; Barnola, J.-M. #-------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: A record of atmospheric CO2 concentration during the transition from the Last Glacial Maximum to the Holocene, obtained from the Dome Concordia (Antarctica) ice core, reveals that an increase of 76 parts per million by volume (ppmv) occurred over a period of 6 thousand years in four clearly distinguishable intervals. The close correlation between CO2 concentration and Antarctic temperature indicates that the Southern Ocean played an important role in causing the CO2 increase. However, the similarity of changes in CO2 concentration and variations of atmospheric methane concentration suggests that processes in the tropics and in the northern hemisphere, where the main sources for methane are located, also had significant effects on atmospheric CO2 concentrations. #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Monnin, E., A. Indermühle, A. Dällenbach, J. Flückiger, B. Stauffer, T. F. Stocker, D. Raynaud, J.-M. Barnola # Published_Date_or_Year: 2001 # Published_Title: Atmospheric CO2 Concentrations over the Last Glacial Termination # Journal_Name: Science # Volume: 291 # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: 112-114 # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1126/science.291.5501.112 # Publication_Place: # Publisher: # ISBN: # Online_Resource: # Other_Reference_Details: # Full_Citation: # Abstract: A record of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration during the transition from the Last Glacial Maximum to the Holocene, obtained from the Dome Concordia, Antarctica, ice core, reveals that an increase of 76 parts per million by volume occurred over a period of 6000 years in four clearly distinguishable intervals. The close correlation between CO2 concentration and Antarctic temperature indicates that the Southern Ocean played an important role in causing the CO2 increase. However, the similarity of changes in CO2 concentration and variations of atmospheric methane concentration suggests that processes in the tropics and in the Northern Hemisphere, where the main sources for methane are located, also had substantial effects on atmospheric CO2 concentrations. #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Schwander, J., J. Jouzel, C. U. Hammer, J.-R. Petit, R. Udisti, E. Wolff # Published_Date_or_Year: 2001-11-15 # Published_Title: A tentative chronology for the EPICA Dome Concordia ice core # Journal_Name: Geophysical Research Letters # Volume: 28 # Edition: # Issue: 22 # Pages: 4243-4246 # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1029/2000GL011981 # Publication_Place: # Publisher: # ISBN: # Online_Resource: # Other_Reference_Details: # Full_Citation: # Abstract: A tentative age scale (EDC1) for the last 45 kyr is established for the new 788-m EPICA Dome C ice core using a simple ice flow model. The age of volcanic eruptions, the end of the Younger Dryas event, and the estimated depth and age of elevated 10Be, about 41 kyr ago were used to calibrate the model parameters. The uncertainty of EDC1 is estimated to ±10 yr for 0 to 700 yr BP, up to ±200 yr back to 10 kyr BP, and up to ±2 kyr back to 41 kyr BP. The age of the air in the bubbles is calculated with a firn densification model. In the Holocene the air is about 2000 yr younger than the ice and about 5500 yr during the last glacial maximum. #-------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: # Grant: #-------------------- # Site_Information # Site_Name: EPICA Dome C # Location: Antarctica # Northernmost_Latitude: -75.1 # Southernmost_Latitude: -75.1 # Easternmost_Longitude: 123.4 # Westernmost_Longitude: 123.4 # Elevation_m: 3240 #-------------------- # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: DomeConcordia CO2 Monnin2001 # Earliest_Year: 21676 # Most_Recent_Year: 9067 # Time_Unit: cal yr BP # Core_Length_m: # Parameter_Keywords: atmospheric gas # Notes: #-------------------- # Chronology_Information # Chronology: # #-------------------- # Variables # # PaST_Thesaurus_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/PaST-thesaurus/SKOS/past-thesaurus-v1.0.rdf # PaST_Thesaurus_Download_Description: Paleoenvironmental Standard Terms (PaST) Thesaurus terms, definitions, and relationships in SKOS format. # # Variables format: Short_name <tab> what,material,error,units,seasonality,data_type,detail,method,data_format,additional_information # ## depth_m depth,,,meter,,ice cores;climate forcing,,,N, ## gas_ageBP gas age,,,calendar year before present,,ice cores;climate forcing,,,N,EDC1 time scale from Schwander et al. 2001 ## CO2_mean carbon dioxide,bulk atmosphere,,parts per million,,ice cores;climate forcing,averaged,,N,mean of 6 neighboring samples ## CO2_1s carbon dioxide,bulk atmosphere,one standard deviation,parts per million,,ice cores;climate forcing,,,N,one sigma of the mean value (of 6 neighboring samples) # #-------------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing_Values: depth_m gas_ageBP CO2_mean CO2_1s 352.580 9067 265.2 0.9 360.195 9310 263.0 0.4 369.545 9604 264.4 0.4 375.045 9776 264.0 0.3 379.995 9931 265.7 0.5 385.125 10093 267.5 0.4 390.445 10263 266.0 1.1 396.495 10458 267.6 0.7 399.280 10550 264.8 0.6 401.995 10640 264.8 0.4 404.780 10732 265.3 0.4 407.495 10822 264.1 0.7 411.380 10952 264.5 0.4 413.030 11008 264.0 0.5 415.730 11099 265.2 0.8 418.530 11195 260.8 0.5 421.795 11310 253.9 0.6 427.330 11515 249.7 0.4 429.495 11602 250.7 0.9 431.730 11695 245.3 1.1 434.995 11838 246.6 0.5 437.230 11941 243.2 0.4 443.795 12258 237.5 0.5 446.030 12372 237.6 0.6 448.745 12511 234.2 0.3 450.980 12625 238.3 1.1 454.245 12789 237.3 0.5 457.030 12927 237.9 0.2 459.895 13068 237.6 0.6 463.630 13252 236.4 0.9 465.245 13332 239.2 0.5 467.450 13440 238.6 0.6 470.195 13574 238.6 0.3 473.055 13711 239.1 0.4 479.705 14022 228.5 0.6 484.100 14230 228.4 0.7 487.245 14387 226.1 0.6 490.030 14532 225.2 0.5 492.195 14647 224.5 0.6 496.070 14855 222.0 0.8 499.345 15037 221.0 0.8 501.580 15166 220.9 0.5 504.195 15323 219.4 0.6 506.530 15466 214.0 0.8 509.245 15637 207.5 0.9 512.030 15818 207.7 0.5 514.745 16002 202.9 0.7 517.530 16199 200.8 1.0 520.245 16400 195.2 0.3 523.030 16616 193.9 0.5 526.295 16883 191.0 0.5 528.530 17073 188.5 0.7 531.245 17311 188.5 0.7 532.930 17463 189.2 0.4 536.745 17815 187.0 0.2 539.530 18074 188.6 0.5 542.900 18391 189.4 0.4 543.345 18433 192.3 0.6 543.930 18487 188.3 0.6 548.845 18948 188.7 0.2 550.510 19104 188.8 0.5 553.245 19360 190.0 0.8 556.030 19621 188.0 0.9 557.890 19795 188.2 0.7 558.195 19824 195.0 0.7 561.530 20137 187.8 0.4 564.260 20390 186.9 0.3 567.030 20646 186.5 0.3 569.745 20897 184.7 1.2 572.530 21156 186.1 0.4 576.325 21511 185.7 1.3 578.105 21676 184.4 0.8