# James Ross Island Ice Core 14,000 Year Deuterium Temperature Data #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # NOTE: Please cite original reference when using these data, # plus the Online Resource and date accessed. # # # Online_Resource: http://hurricane.ncdc.noaa.gov/pls/paleox/f?p=519:1:::::P1_STUDY_ID:13954 # # Original_Source_URL: ftp://ftp.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/antarctica/james-ross-island/james-ross-island2012dd100yr.txt # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Archive: Ice Cores #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2013-03-01 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: James Ross Island Ice Core 14,000 Year Deuterium Temperature Data #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Mulvaney, R.; Abram, N.J.; Hindmarsh, R.C.A.; Arrowsmith, C.; Fleet, L.; Triest, J.; Sime, L.C.; Alemany, O.; Foord, S. #-------------------- # Description_and_Notes # # Deutrium (dD) data and temperature reconstruction from the James Ross Island ice core, Antarctic Peninsula, for the last 14,000 years. # # Data is presented on the JRI-1 Holocene age scale decribed in the methods and using the fixed time points given in Supplementary Table 1 of Mulvaney et al. 2012 # An unconformity exists in the JRI ice core during the late deglacial interval and the JRI-1 age scale does not cover the portion of the ice record before this point # Temperature anomalies are relative to the 1961-1990 interval and were calculated by correcting for changes in ocean isotopic composition and then applying a temperature dependence of 6.4 +/- 1.3 (s.e.m.) per mill per degree C derived in Abram et al 2011, JGR. # The uncertainty window for temperature anomalies is the standard error of the isotope-temperature dependence # #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Robert Mulvaney, Nerilie J. Abram, Richard C. A. Hindmarsh, Carol Arrowsmith, Louise Fleet, Jack Triest, Louise C. Sime, Olivier Alemany, and Susan Foord # Published_Date_or_YEAR: 2012-09-06 # Published_Title: Recent Antarctic Peninsula warming relative to Holocene climate and ice-shelf history # Journal_Name: Nature # Volume: 489 # Issue: 7414 # Pages: 141-144 # DOI: 10.1038/nature11391 # Abstract: Rapid warming over the past 50 years on the Antarctic Peninsula is associated with the collapse of a number of ice shelves and accelerating glacier mass loss. In contrast, warming has been comparatively modest over West Antarctica and significant changes have not been observed over most of East Antarctica, suggesting that the ice-core palaeoclimate records available from these areas may not be representative of the climate history of the Antarctic Peninsula. Here we show that the Antarctic Peninsula experienced an early-Holocene warm period followed by stable temperatures, from about 9,200 to 2,500?years ago, that were similar to modern-day levels. Our temperature estimates are based on an ice-core record of deuterium variations from James Ross Island, off the northeastern tip of the Antarctic Peninsula. We find that the late-Holocene development of ice shelves near James Ross Island was coincident with pronounced cooling from 2,500 to 600?years ago. This cooling was part of a millennial-scale climate excursion with opposing anomalies on the eastern and western sides of the Antarctic Peninsula. Although warming of the northeastern Antarctic Peninsula began around 600 years ago, the high rate of warming over the past century is unusual (but not unprecedented) in the context of natural climate variability over the past two millennia. The connection shown here between past temperature and ice-shelf stability suggests that warming for several centuries rendered ice shelves on the northeastern Antarctic Peninsula vulnerable to collapse. Continued warming to temperatures that now exceed the stable conditions of most of the Holocene epoch is likely to cause ice-shelf instability to encroach farther southward along the Antarctic Peninsula. # #--------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: UK Natural Environment Research Council # Grant: #--------------------- # Funding_Agency_Name: Institut Polaire Francais - Paul Emile Victor (IPEV) # Grant: #-------------------- # Funding_Agency_Name: Institut National des Sciences de l'Univers in France (INSU/PNEDC) # Grant: "AMANCAY" project #-------------------- # Funding_Agency_Name: French National Center for Drilling and Coring (INSU/C2FN). # Grant: #-------------------- # Site_Information # Site_Name: James Ross Island # Location: Continent>Antarctica # Country: # Northernmost_Latitude: -64.2017 # Southernmost_Latitude: -64.2017 # Easternmost_Longitude: -57.685 # Westernmost_Longitude: -57.685 # Elevation: 1542 m #------------------ # Data_Collection # Core_Name: JRI2008dD100yr # First_Year: 14200 # Last_Year: 0 # Time_Unit: cal year BP # Core_Length: # Notes: #------------------ # Chronology # # # Supplementary Table 1. Summary of fixed time markers used for the depth-age model of the JRI ice core # # Marker type Snow depth (m) Water eq. Depth (m) Age (yr PB, 1950)*a Estimated uncertainty (y) Description and references*b # Surface 0.00 0.00 -58 0 Ice core drilling commenced Jan 2008. # Tephra 40.04 24.77 -17.9 0 Dec 1967 Deception Island eruption (VEI 3)1-2. # Tephra 112.43 85.85 (102) Unknown, equivalent to ~1848 AD. # Tephra 116.73 89.75 (111) Equivalent to ~1839 AD, likely Deception Island eruption at Mt Kirkwood area. # Chemical, nss-SO4 126.65 98.74 133 +/- 1 1815 Tambora eruption (VEI 7). 1809 volcanic signal also evident in nss-SO4 at 129.65m snow depth. # Tephra 193.26 159.14 (370) Possibly noted tephra in earlier JRI core3-4or AP-1 tephra(226 yrBP)in Hidden Lake (JRI)5. Multiple tephra layers in ice core between 180 - 197m snow depth. # Tephra 213.90 177.85 440 +/- 100 AP-2 tephra (439 yrBP) in Hidden Lake (JRI) and other Antarctic Peninsula region5, and tephra (442 yrBP) in marine sediment core from King George Island6. # DEP volcanic 246.47 207.39 691 +/- 5 1259ADvolcanic sequence. # Tephra 252.05 212.45 700 +/- 100 AP-3 tephra cluster (657 yrBP)in Hidden Lake (JRI) and other Antarctic Peninsula lakes5, and tephra (744 yrBP) in marine sediment core from King George Island6. Multiple tephra layers in ice core. # Tephra 279.10 236.97 910 +/- 100 AP-4 tephra (907 yrBP) in Hidden Lake (JRI) and other Antarctic Peninsula lakes5. Multiple tephra layers in ice core. # Tephra 290.12 246.97 (1060) Unknown # Tephra 302.54 258.23 1200 +/- 200 AP-5 tephra cluster (1201 yrBP) in Antarctic Peninsula lakes5. Multiple tephra layers in ice core. # Tephra 308.20 263.36 (1460) Unknown # Tephra 314.57 269.14 1730 +/- 200 AP-6 tephra (1728 yrBP) in Hidden Lake (JRI) and other Antarctic Peninsula lakes5. Double tephra layer in ice core. # Tephra 321.80 275.70 1990 +/- 200 AP-7 tephra (1961 yrBP) in Hidden Lake (JRI) and other Antarctic Peninsula lakes5, and tephra (2028 yrBP) in Beak Lake (Prince Gustav Channel)7. Double tephra layer in ice core. # Tephra 325.79 279.32 2140 +/- 200 AP-8 tephra (2139 yrBP) in Antarctic Peninsula lakes5. # Tephra 329.49 282.67 2330 +/- 200 Tephra (2329 yrBP) in Beak Lake7. Possibly also AP-9tephra (2507 yrBP) in Antarctic Peninsula lakes5. # Tephra 334.06 286.81 2670 +/- 200 AP-10-12 tephra cluster (2669 yrBP) in Antarctic Peninsula lakes5. # Tephra 341.01 293.11 3300 +/- 200 Tephra (3286 yrBP) in Beak Lake7and tephra (3310 yrBP) in marine core from Gerlache-Boyd Strait8. # Tephra 342.55 294.51 3800 +/- 200 Tephra (3870 yrBP) in Bransfield Basin marine sediment core9, and tephra (3720 yrBP) in # Tephra 344.47 296.25 (3910) Unknown # Tephra 345.43 297.12 (4100) Unknown # Tephra 349.53 300.84 5040 +/- 500 Likely tephra (5043 yrBP) in Beak Lake7and tephra (5000 yrBP) in marine core from Gerlache-Boyd Strait8. Could also/instead be AP-14 tephra (5319 yrBP) in Antarctic Peninsula lakes5, and tephra (5500 yrBP) in Bransfield Basin marine sediment core9. # Tephra 356.72 307.35 (10020) Unknown # Tephra 356.76 307.40 10080 +/- 500 Tephra (10081 yrBP) in Beak Lake7.Possible match to tephra at 10700 yrBP in EDC core10 rejected: EDC tephra has geochemistry suggestive of a South Sandwich Islands source, whereas this JRI tephra has geochemistry of South Shetland Islands (J. Smellie, unpublished data), consistent with geochemistry of Beak Lake tephra7. # Tephra 358.30 308.79 (12100) Unknown # dD 358.64 309.10 12850 +/- 500 Final warming from Antarctic Cold Reversal, match to EDC3 age scale11 # dD 359.00 309.43 14260 +/- 500 Optimum temperature in Antarctic Cold reversal, match to EDC3 age scale11(after unconformity in ?D record) # dD 359.07 309.49 17480 +/- 500 Start of deglaciation, match to EDC3 age scale11 (before unconformity in ?D record) # # # *a Ages in parentheses are age estimates for unmatched tephra layers based on the JRI-1 ice core age scale. Ages are all given as calibrated years before present, where present is 1950AD. Where tephra ages were reported in uncalibrated 14C yrBP5, these have been calibrated using the Calib6.0 program and the SH04 southern hemisphere atmospheric 14C calibration dataset12-14.The ages of tephra markers were rounded to the nearest 10 years, and a mean of ages was used where several possible matches exist. # # *b VEI = Volcanic Explosivity Index. For multiple eruption events in the JRI core, the most prominent ice core tephra layer was matched to the established tephra chronology age. # # Deception Island eruptive history information also obtained from the Smithsonian Global Volcanism Program database: http://www.volcano.si.edu/world/volcano.cfm?vnum=1900-03=&volpage=erupt # # # # #------------------ # Variables # # End Description/Documentation (lines begin with #) # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line variables format: Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-longname-tab-longname components (9 components: material, error, units, anomaly, period, archive, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) # Data line format: tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # 100-year averaged record, JRI-1 age (yrBP, 1950), temperature anomaly wrt 1961-1990 AD # ## age_calBPtop Age top of sample interval (calendar years BP), , , cal years BP 1950, , , , ,N ## age_calBPbot Age bottom of sample interval (calendar years BP), , , cal years BP 1950, , , , ,N ## d2HiceVSMOW delta2H ice, , , per mil VSMOW, , , , , N ## ts_anom surface temperature anomaly, , , degrees C, , , , ,N ## ts_anom-err+ surface temperature anomaly upper uncertainty, , , degrees C, , , , ,N ## ts_anom-err- surface temperature anomaly lower uncertainty, , , degrees C, , , , ,N # #------------------ # Data: # Missing_Values: age_calBPtop age_calBPbot d2HiceVSMOW ts_anom ts_anom-err+ ts_anom-err- -100 0 -146.4 0.242 0.202 0.304 0 100 -149.9 -0.299 -0.248 -0.375 100 200 -148.0 -0.011 -0.009 -0.014 200 300 -149.7 -0.274 -0.228 -0.344 300 400 -150.6 -0.405 -0.337 -0.509 400 500 -152.4 -0.685 -0.569 -0.860 500 600 -154.3 -0.987 -0.820 -1.238 600 700 -150.2 -0.351 -0.292 -0.441 700 800 -153.5 -0.869 -0.722 -1.090 800 900 -150.9 -0.457 -0.380 -0.573 900 1000 -151.2 -0.508 -0.422 -0.637 1000 1100 -151.3 -0.530 -0.440 -0.665 1100 1200 -150.6 -0.421 -0.350 -0.528 1200 1300 -151.3 -0.523 -0.435 -0.657 1300 1400 -151.4 -0.532 -0.442 -0.667 1400 1500 -147.3 0.108 0.090 0.136 1500 1600 -148.5 -0.093 -0.078 -0.117 1600 1700 -152.1 -0.644 -0.535 -0.808 1700 1800 -149.7 -0.279 -0.232 -0.350 1800 1900 -147.9 0.007 0.005 0.008 1900 2000 -148.4 -0.078 -0.065 -0.098 2000 2100 -148.9 -0.151 -0.126 -0.190 2100 2200 -147.7 0.038 0.031 0.047 2200 2300 -146.2 0.260 0.216 0.327 2300 2400 -148.7 -0.128 -0.107 -0.161 2400 2500 -146.2 0.270 0.225 0.339 2500 2600 -146.1 0.279 0.232 0.350 2600 2700 -147.1 0.121 0.101 0.152 2700 2800 -145.8 0.328 0.273 0.412 2800 2900 -146.9 0.147 0.123 0.185 2900 3000 -147.3 0.089 0.074 0.112 3000 3100 -146.3 0.244 0.203 0.306 3100 3200 -144.1 0.584 0.486 0.733 3200 3300 -146.1 0.279 0.232 0.350 3300 3400 -148.2 -0.059 -0.049 -0.073 3400 3500 -146.7 0.178 0.148 0.224 3500 3600 -146.9 0.149 0.124 0.187 3600 3700 -147.2 0.104 0.086 0.130 3700 3800 -145.4 0.373 0.310 0.468 3800 3900 -145.8 0.316 0.262 0.396 3900 4000 -144.9 0.450 0.374 0.565 4000 4100 -146.2 0.253 0.210 0.317 4100 4200 -144.9 0.451 0.375 0.566 4200 4300 -145.7 0.335 0.278 0.420 4300 4400 -146.1 0.271 0.225 0.339 4400 4500 -145.4 0.375 0.312 0.471 4500 4600 -145.3 0.383 0.318 0.480 4600 4700 -146.2 0.240 0.199 0.301 4700 4800 -146.0 0.272 0.226 0.342 4800 4900 -146.3 0.232 0.193 0.291 4900 5000 -147.2 0.079 0.066 0.099 5000 5100 -146.9 0.130 0.108 0.163 5100 5200 -146.4 0.212 0.177 0.267 5200 5300 -145.0 0.426 0.354 0.534 5300 5400 -148.1 -0.061 -0.051 -0.077 5400 5500 -148.0 -0.046 -0.039 -0.058 5500 5600 -147.5 0.023 0.019 0.028 5600 5700 -146.3 0.219 0.182 0.274 5700 5800 -145.1 0.404 0.336 0.507 5800 5900 -147.4 0.039 0.033 0.049 5900 6000 -146.6 0.159 0.132 0.200 6000 6100 -148.6 -0.158 -0.132 -0.199 6100 6200 -146.3 0.195 0.162 0.245 6200 6300 -147.2 0.053 0.044 0.067 6300 6400 -146.7 0.135 0.113 0.170 6400 6500 -146.6 0.156 0.129 0.195 6500 6600 -146.7 0.127 0.106 0.159 6600 6700 -146.1 0.228 0.189 0.286 6700 6800 -147.7 -0.026 -0.021 -0.032 6800 6900 -145.7 0.275 0.229 0.345 6900 7000 -147.2 0.043 0.036 0.054 7000 7100 -147.4 0.004 0.004 0.005 7100 7200 -145.6 0.282 0.234 0.353 7200 7300 -147.1 0.060 0.050 0.075 7300 7400 -147.4 -0.003 -0.002 -0.003 7400 7500 -145.0 0.377 0.314 0.473 7500 7600 -145.6 0.281 0.234 0.353 7600 7700 -147.1 0.040 0.033 0.050 7700 7800 -146.0 0.217 0.180 0.272 7800 7900 -147.7 -0.059 -0.049 -0.073 7900 8000 -146.1 0.194 0.161 0.243 8000 8100 -145.9 0.213 0.177 0.267 8100 8200 -144.8 0.385 0.320 0.483 8200 8300 -145.6 0.265 0.221 0.333 8300 8400 -146.5 0.112 0.093 0.141 8400 8500 -146.4 0.119 0.099 0.149 8500 8600 -146.4 0.130 0.108 0.163 8600 8700 -146.8 0.058 0.048 0.073 8700 8800 -144.6 0.390 0.324 0.490 8800 8900 -144.8 0.362 0.301 0.454 8900 9000 -144.7 0.367 0.305 0.460 9000 9100 -144.7 0.362 0.301 0.454 9100 9200 -146.8 0.029 0.024 0.036 9200 9300 -146.5 0.074 0.061 0.092 9300 9400 -143.2 0.578 0.480 0.725 9400 9500 -143.0 0.605 0.503 0.759 9500 9600 -140.9 0.922 0.766 1.157 9600 9700 -141.8 0.782 0.650 0.982 9700 9800 -140.4 0.995 0.827 1.248 9800 9900 -141.5 0.807 0.671 1.013 9900 10000 -141.5 0.800 0.665 1.004 10000 10100 -143.1 0.552 0.459 0.693 10100 10200 -143.5 0.470 0.390 0.590 10200 10300 -143.8 0.427 0.355 0.536 10300 10400 -140.2 0.974 0.809 1.222 10400 10500 -139.2 1.120 0.931 1.405 10500 10600 -140.6 0.899 0.747 1.128 10600 10700 -141.2 0.795 0.660 0.997 10700 10800 -141.0 0.819 0.680 1.027 10800 10900 -141.1 0.784 0.651 0.984 10900 11000 -140.0 0.943 0.784 1.184 11000 11100 -138.6 1.164 0.968 1.461 11100 11200 -137.9 1.253 1.042 1.573 11200 11300 -136.1 1.517 1.261 1.904 11300 11400 -137.8 1.246 1.036 1.564 11400 11500 -139.6 0.956 0.795 1.200 11500 11600 -137.4 1.284 1.067 1.611 11600 11700 -135.9 1.497 1.244 1.878 11700 11800 -136.9 1.327 1.103 1.665 11800 11900 -134.9 1.627 1.352 2.041 11900 12000 -140.2 0.780 0.649 0.979 12000 12100 -137.1 1.254 1.042 1.573 12100 12200 -138.3 1.056 0.878 1.326 12200 12300 -138.9 0.947 0.787 1.188 12300 12400 -139.4 0.851 0.707 1.068 12400 12500 -139.4 0.841 0.699 1.055 12500 12600 -139.7 0.776 0.645 0.974 12600 12700 -141.7 0.460 0.383 0.578 12700 12800 -143.1 0.224 0.187 0.282 12800 12900 -146.2 -0.276 -0.229 -0.346 12900 13000 -147.5 -0.498 -0.414 -0.626 13000 13100 -147.8 -0.563 -0.468 -0.706 13100 13200 -148.3 -0.654 -0.544 -0.821 13200 13300 -149.8 -0.897 -0.745 -1.125 13300 13400 -149.6 -0.880 -0.732 -1.105 13400 13500 -149.2 -0.830 -0.690 -1.041 13500 13600 -149.1 -0.835 -0.694 -1.048 13600 13700 -146.8 -0.487 -0.405 -0.611 13700 13800 -147.0 -0.522 -0.434 -0.655 13800 13900 -148.0 -0.703 -0.584 -0.882 13900 14000 -148.4 -0.776 -0.645 -0.973 14000 14100 -146.8 -0.542 -0.450 -0.680 14100 14200 -145.7 -0.386 -0.321 -0.485 14200 14300 -144.7 -0.241 -0.201 -0.303