EPICA Dronning Maud Land Ice Core 140KYr N2O Data ----------------------------------------------------------------------- World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder and NOAA Paleoclimatology Program ----------------------------------------------------------------------- NOTE: PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL REFERENCE WHEN USING THIS DATA!!!!! NAME OF DATA SET: EPICA Dronning Maud Land Ice Core 140KYr N2O Data LAST UPDATE: 1/2010 (Original receipt by WDC Paleo) CONTRIBUTORS: Adrian Schilt, Renato Spahni, Matthias Baumgartner, Gregor Hausammann, Jakob Schwander, Hubertus Fischer, Thomas F. Stocker. Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute, and Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Switzerland. IGBP PAGES/WDCA CONTRIBUTION SERIES NUMBER: 2010-006 WDC PALEO CONTRIBUTION SERIES CITATION: Schilt, A., et al. 2010. EPICA Dronning Maud Land Ice Core 140KYr N2O Data. IGBP PAGES/World Data Center for Paleoclimatology Data Contribution Series # 2010-006. NOAA/NCDC Paleoclimatology Program, Boulder CO, USA. ORIGINAL REFERENCE: Schilt, A., M. Baumgartner, T. Blunier, J. Schwander, R. Spahni, H. Fischer, T.F. Stocker. 2010. Glacial-Interglacial and Millennial Scale Variations in the Atmospheric Nitrous Oxide Concentration during the last 800,000 Years. Quaternary Science Reviews, 29, 182-192. ABSTRACT: We present records of atmospheric nitrous oxide obtained from the ice cores of the European Project for Ice Coring in Antarctica (EPICA) Dome C and Dronning Maud Land sites shedding light on the concentration of this greenhouse gas on glacial-interglacial and millennial time scales. The extended EPICA Dome C record covers now all interglacials of the last 800,000 years and reveals nitrous oxide variations in concert with climate. Highest mean interglacial nitrous oxide concentrations of 280 parts per billion by volume are observed during the interglacial corresponding to Marine Isotope Stage 11 around 400,000 years before present, at the same time when carbon dioxide and methane reach maximum mean interglacial concentrations. The temperature reconstruction at Dome C indicates colder interglacials between 800,000 and 440,000 years before present compared to the interglacials of the last 440,000 years. In contrast to carbon dioxide and methane, which both respond with lower concentrations at lower temperatures, nitrous oxide shows mean interglacial concentrations of 4-19 parts per billion by volume higher than the preindustrial Holocene value during the interglacials corresponding to Marine Isotope Stage 9-19. At the end of most interglacials, nitrous oxide remains substantially longer on interglacial levels than methane. Nevertheless, nitrous oxide shows millennial-scale variations at the same time as methane throughout the last 800,000 years. We suggest that these millennial-scale variations have been driven by a similar mechanism as the Dansgaard/Oeschger events known from the last glacial. Our data lead to the hypothesis that emissions from the low latitudes drive past variations of the atmospheric nitrous oxide concentration. GEOGRAPHIC REGION: Antarctica PERIOD OF RECORD: 140 KYrBP - present FUNDING SOURCES: This work is a contribution to the European Project for Ice Coring in Antarctica (EPICA), a joint ESF (European Science Foundation)/ European Commission (EC) scientific program, funded by the EC and by national contributions from Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom. We acknowledge long-term financial support by the Swiss National Science Foundation and the Swiss Federal Office of Energy for both science and logistic contributions to EPICA and to the University of Bern. Support was also provided by the EC project EPICA-MIS. DESCRIPTION: N2O record from the EPICA Dronning Maud Land ice core covering the last 140 KYr. EPICA Dronning Maud Land Ice Core Location: 75°00'S, 00°04'E, 2892 m above sea level DATA: EPICA Dronning Maud Land Ice Core 140KYr N2O Data EDML N2O DATA: Column 1: EDML depth (m) Column 2: gas age (years before 1950 on EDML1: Loulergue et al., 2007) Column 3: N2O concentration (parts per billion by volume, ppbv) Column 4: N2O artifacts concentration (parts per billion by volume, ppbv) Column 5: 1-sigma uncertainty N2O concentration (parts per billion by volume, ppbv) 1 2 3 4 5 EDML EDML1 N2O N2O_art. N2O_err. depth age conc. conc. conc. [m] [yr BP] [ppbv] [ppbv] [ppbv] 116.215 545 260.3 NaN 3.8 122.215 621 267.0 NaN 3.7 134.215 798 270.3 NaN 3.5 140.215 872 268.0 NaN 3.4 145.215 948 272.7 NaN 3.5 151.215 1028 273.3 NaN 3.5 157.215 1114 260.7 NaN 3.5 171.045 1337 262.3 NaN 4.6 182.030 1494 266.0 NaN 2.7 195.015 1710 264.3 NaN 3.5 219.045 2072 263.0 NaN 3.4 230.030 2241 267.8 NaN 2.7 243.015 2451 269.0 NaN 3.7 268.335 2862 270.7 NaN 3.8 279.345 3035 265.5 NaN 3.6 291.045 3221 266.3 NaN 3.5 315.015 3624 263.3 NaN 4.0 326.015 3797 268.3 NaN 3.5 339.015 4011 262.0 NaN 3.4 352.015 4230 268.3 NaN 3.5 363.015 4417 265.3 NaN 3.5 375.045 4631 269.0 NaN 3.7 388.015 4853 266.7 NaN 3.5 399.030 5045 262.0 NaN 2.6 412.015 5275 266.7 NaN 3.5 434.015 5684 257.5 NaN 3.7 448.015 5964 261.0 NaN 3.7 458.075 6163 260.7 NaN 4.4 471.075 6413 252.7 NaN 3.5 484.045 6669 255.0 NaN 3.7 495.015 6878 252.0 NaN 3.7 507.015 7110 256.7 NaN 3.5 518.015 7332 260.0 NaN 4.1 531.045 7589 259.5 NaN 2.5 542.015 7817 250.0 NaN 3.7 555.015 8088 255.3 NaN 3.8 567.015 8356 265.3 NaN 3.5 580.030 8659 253.8 NaN 2.7 591.015 8908 254.0 NaN 3.7 603.015 9171 266.0 NaN 3.7 615.045 9442 261.3 NaN 3.8 627.015 9708 255.7 NaN 3.5 639.030 9976 260.2 NaN 2.5 651.015 10243 260.0 NaN 3.4 663.015 10499 270.0 NaN 3.7 675.030 10764 271.5 NaN 2.7 686.015 10983 266.7 NaN 3.5 700.015 11256 252.0 NaN 4.3 711.015 11478 241.7 NaN 3.8 735.015 11987 231.3 NaN 3.5 759.045 12581 249.4 NaN 2.0 772.015 12939 266.0 NaN 3.4 783.015 13234 259.7 NaN 4.6 796.015 13557 264.3 NaN 3.5 809.015 13880 261.0 NaN 3.7 819.015 14123 267.0 NaN 3.7 832.045 14440 214.7 NaN 3.5 854.015 14979 NaN 220.0 3.7 867.030 15296 NaN 207.3 2.5 878.015 15570 NaN 226.0 3.7 891.030 15945 NaN 216.3 2.5 915.015 16771 NaN 247.3 3.5 938.685 17792 NaN 241.3 4.0 962.015 18879 NaN 217.3 3.5 975.030 19519 NaN 249.0 2.5 987.015 20088 NaN 270.3 3.5 1000.015 20651 NaN 244.7 4.0 1011.015 21165 NaN 284.7 3.5 1023.015 21731 NaN 244.7 3.8 1035.015 22259 NaN 247.3 3.5 1046.015 22733 NaN 245.3 3.5 1058.015 23163 NaN 239.0 3.7 1071.015 23642 NaN 238.7 3.8 1083.015 24118 NaN 274.3 3.5 1095.015 24635 NaN 260.7 3.5 1107.015 25156 NaN 236.3 4.0 1119.015 25723 NaN 224.7 3.5 1130.015 26282 NaN 207.0 3.4 1142.015 26980 NaN 262.7 3.5 1155.015 27797 NaN 242.7 3.5 1167.015 28479 NaN 248.0 3.7 1178.015 29072 NaN 252.0 3.7 1191.015 29806 NaN 279.3 3.5 1203.015 30513 NaN 244.3 3.8 1215.015 31229 NaN 228.3 3.5 1226.305 31867 NaN 258.3 3.5 1240.015 32612 NaN 234.0 3.7 1252.015 33295 NaN 245.7 3.5 1262.015 33898 NaN 232.7 3.5 1276.015 34721 NaN 266.3 3.5 1288.015 35322 NaN 245.3 3.5 1298.015 35874 NaN 228.7 3.5 1310.015 36594 256.3 NaN 3.5 1324.015 37337 248.7 NaN 3.5 1336.015 37897 222.0 NaN 3.7 1348.015 38445 NaN 258.3 3.5 1360.015 39023 NaN 237.7 3.5 1372.015 39720 NaN 240.0 3.7 1384.015 40450 NaN 240.0 3.7 1395.015 41072 NaN 243.0 3.7 1407.015 41773 NaN 218.0 3.4 1419.005 42548 NaN 244.3 3.5 1431.015 43308 NaN 251.0 3.4 1444.015 44138 NaN 238.3 3.5 1455.015 44846 242.3 NaN 3.5 1466.015 45573 248.0 NaN 3.7 1480.045 46384 266.3 NaN 3.5 1491.015 46964 271.3 NaN 3.8 1503.015 47530 NaN 226.7 3.5 1515.015 48304 NaN 242.7 3.8 1526.015 48972 NaN 245.3 3.5 1538.015 49693 NaN 251.3 3.8 1550.015 50546 251.3 NaN 3.8 1563.315 51355 247.3 NaN 3.5 1569.985 51734 262.7 NaN 4.0 1575.315 52053 292.7 NaN 4.8 1581.985 52443 264.0 NaN 4.9 1587.315 52753 281.0 NaN 5.8 1593.015 53081 265.3 NaN 5.7 1600.315 53481 266.0 NaN 4.1 1605.015 53747 247.0 NaN 4.3 1611.315 54122 NaN 251.3 4.4 1617.015 54467 NaN 253.3 3.8 1623.305 54860 NaN 273.0 4.9 1629.985 55291 NaN 250.0 5.8 1636.315 55701 261.7 NaN 4.0 1641.015 56028 253.7 NaN 3.5 1647.315 56439 253.0 NaN 4.9 1653.985 56870 254.0 NaN 3.7 1659.315 57193 252.0 NaN 6.9 1665.015 57534 261.7 NaN 3.8 1670.315 57853 270.3 NaN 4.0 1677.015 58222 276.0 NaN 3.7 1677.985 58279 258.7 NaN 3.8 1683.315 58558 234.0 NaN 3.7 1689.985 58913 224.7 NaN 4.0 1695.315 59195 NaN 228.3 8.0 1702.015 59566 NaN 228.3 3.5 1707.315 59867 NaN 236.3 4.6 1713.985 60273 NaN 220.0 3.7 1718.315 60565 NaN 239.0 4.9 1731.315 61490 NaN 259.7 4.0 1736.015 61869 NaN 261.7 6.5 1736.985 61950 NaN 252.7 3.5 1743.315 62427 NaN 232.3 5.3 1749.015 62849 NaN 225.7 4.0 1755.315 63328 NaN 262.0 6.9 1760.985 63754 NaN 240.7 4.4 1767.315 64206 NaN 277.0 3.7 1772.985 64624 NaN 237.0 4.1 1779.315 65094 NaN 219.7 3.8 1786.015 65627 NaN 287.3 3.5 1791.315 66025 NaN 264.7 4.0 1797.015 66436 NaN 279.0 3.7 1803.315 66889 NaN 232.3 4.0 1809.015 67297 NaN 257.3 4.6 1815.315 67773 NaN 291.0 6.7 1821.015 68159 NaN 251.7 4.0 1828.315 68683 NaN 264.7 4.0 1833.015 69050 233.0 NaN 3.4 1833.985 69126 232.0 NaN 5.8 1840.315 69588 250.3 NaN 21.5 1845.015 69919 263.3 NaN 4.4 1851.315 70321 259.7 NaN 10.1 1857.985 70771 258.3 NaN 4.0 1863.315 71127 246.7 NaN 4.0 1869.985 71601 226.3 NaN 4.0 1875.315 72011 241.3 NaN 3.8 1882.985 72650 235.0 NaN 3.7 1888.315 73026 251.7 NaN 4.0 1892.985 73349 260.0 NaN 4.9 1899.315 73734 266.3 NaN 3.5 1906.015 74123 259.3 NaN 5.7 1911.315 74430 256.3 NaN 3.5 1917.985 74855 247.0 NaN 4.1 1923.315 75212 229.3 NaN 3.8 1928.985 75631 252.7 NaN 3.5 1935.315 76135 261.7 NaN 4.4 1941.015 76578 252.3 NaN 3.5 1947.315 77068 255.0 NaN 4.9 1953.015 77525 255.3 NaN 4.0 1953.985 77600 253.3 NaN 3.8 1959.315 78053 261.3 NaN 3.8 1965.015 78540 262.7 NaN 4.0 1971.315 79112 251.3 NaN 11.2 1976.985 79637 252.3 NaN 4.0 1983.315 80222 255.3 NaN 4.4 1990.015 80854 257.3 NaN 4.0 1990.985 80939 261.0 NaN 3.7 1995.315 81340 263.3 NaN 3.5 2001.015 81846 271.0 NaN 4.3 2007.315 82405 267.7 NaN 4.8 2011.915 82806 275.0 NaN 3.7 2014.015 82975 275.7 NaN 3.5 2019.330 83407 273.0 NaN 3.0 2024.015 83779 259.7 NaN 4.8 2024.985 83858 252.7 NaN 3.5 2031.315 84362 247.3 NaN 3.5 2034.805 84648 235.0 NaN 3.7 2036.015 84741 226.0 NaN 3.7 2036.985 84819 232.3 NaN 3.5 2042.315 85248 233.0 NaN 3.7 2049.015 85808 233.7 NaN 4.4 2055.315 86372 253.3 NaN 6.5 2061.985 87013 258.7 NaN 3.5 2067.315 87544 253.3 NaN 4.4 2073.015 88093 253.3 NaN 4.4 2079.315 88703 265.0 NaN 4.1 2084.015 89121 258.3 NaN 4.6 2084.985 89201 260.3 NaN 4.0 2091.315 89779 249.0 NaN 3.7 2097.015 90319 249.0 NaN 4.1 2097.985 90414 241.0 NaN 4.1 2103.315 90927 260.3 NaN 19.3 2108.985 91492 221.7 NaN 4.0 2115.315 92230 258.3 NaN 4.0 2119.910 92876 252.0 NaN 5.2 2122.015 93142 252.3 NaN 4.8 2126.315 93631 241.0 NaN 3.7 2133.015 94317 254.0 NaN 3.4 2139.315 95028 257.7 NaN 3.8 2145.015 95711 250.0 NaN 3.7 2150.315 96312 257.3 NaN 4.0 2155.875 96920 263.7 NaN 4.0 2157.985 97153 256.3 NaN 3.5 2163.315 97755 260.7 NaN 6.5 2167.910 98310 259.7 NaN 3.5 2169.985 98541 260.7 NaN 6.5 2176.315 99219 261.7 NaN 11.8 2179.910 99630 247.3 NaN 3.8 2182.015 99879 251.0 NaN 3.7 2186.315 100414 268.7 NaN 4.0 2193.985 101478 258.0 NaN 4.1 2199.315 102262 269.7 NaN 4.8 2206.015 103200 244.0 NaN 3.7 2210.315 103872 263.3 NaN 4.0 2217.985 105080 256.7 NaN 3.8 2219.135 105267 254.3 NaN 6.8 2223.330 105921 269.0 NaN 3.4 2227.830 106622 268.3 NaN 3.8 2228.985 106789 252.7 NaN 3.5 2236.315 107805 252.3 NaN 4.0 2241.985 108762 246.0 NaN 4.1 2247.315 109684 251.7 NaN 3.5 2252.985 110591 242.0 NaN 7.7 2259.315 111717 253.7 NaN 8.3 2265.985 112691 260.7 NaN 4.4 2271.015 113322 257.7 NaN 3.8 2277.015 114076 259.0 NaN 4.1 2284.315 115033 271.0 NaN 5.8 2289.985 115849 264.0 NaN 3.4 2295.315 116637 261.0 NaN 4.1 2301.955 117629 262.0 NaN 4.1 2307.315 118517 259.3 NaN 3.5 2313.985 119438 267.7 NaN 4.0 2319.315 120085 273.7 NaN 4.0 2325.015 120743 270.7 NaN 3.8 2331.315 121612 261.3 NaN 3.5 2336.985 122635 274.7 NaN 3.8 2338.135 122856 270.0 NaN 4.3 2343.315 123817 265.7 NaN 3.5 2348.985 124800 266.7 NaN 4.8 2355.315 125829 259.7 NaN 3.8 2361.015 126770 255.7 NaN 6.0 2368.330 128106 271.8 NaN 3.3 2373.985 129414 248.7 NaN 3.8 2376.285 130033 246.0 NaN 3.7 2380.315 131276 223.0 NaN 7.7 2385.015 132942 221.3 NaN 3.8 2387.135 133779 238.3 NaN 3.5 2392.425 136456 NaN 285.3 3.5 2397.985 139904 NaN 276.7 4.4