# WAIS Divide Ice Core 1,200 Year Atmospheric CO2 and d13CO2 Data #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # # Online_Resource: http://ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/18316 # # Original_Source_URL: ftp://ftp.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/antarctica/wais2015co2.txt # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Archive: Ice Cores # # Contribution_Date # Date: 2015-04-27 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: WAIS Divide Ice Core 1,200 Year Atmospheric CO2 and d13CO2 Data #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Bauska, T.K.; Joos, F.; Mix, A.C.; Roth, R.; Ahn, J.; Brook, E.J. #-------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: CO2 concentration and Stable Isotopic Composition of CO2 from WAIS Divide ice cores for the past 1,200 years. #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Thomas K. Bauska, Fortunat Joos, Alan C. Mix, Raphael Roth, Jinho Ahn, and Edward J. Brook # Published_Date_or_Year: 2015-04-27 # Published_Title: Links between atmospheric carbon dioxide, the land carbon reservoir and climate over the past millennium # Journal_Name: Nature Geoscience # Volume: 8 # Edition: # Issue: 5 # Pages: 383-387 # DOI: 10.1038/NGEO2422 # Online_Resource: http://www.nature.com/ngeo/journal/v8/n5/abs/ngeo2422.html # Full_Citation: # Abstract: The stability of terrestrial carbon reservoirs is thought to be closely linked to variations in climate, but the magnitude of carbon-climate feedbacks has proved difficult to constrain for both modern and millennial timescales. Reconstructions of atmospheric CO2 concentrations for the past thousand years have shown fluctuations on multidecadal to centennial timescales, but the causes of these fluctuations are unclear. Here we report high-resolution carbon isotope measurements of CO2 trapped within the ice of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet Divide ice core for the past 1,000 years. We use a deconvolution approach to show that changes in terrestrial organic carbon stores best explain the observed multidecadal variations in the d13C of CO2 and in CO2 concentrations from 755 to 1850 CE. If significant long-term carbon emissions came from pre-industrial anthropogenic land-use changes over this interval, the emissions must have been offset by a natural terrestrial sink for 13C-depleted carbon, such as peatlands. We find that on multidecadal timescales, carbon cycle changes seem to vary with reconstructed regional climate changes. We conclude that climate variability could be an important control of fluctuations in land carbon storage on these timescales. #------------------ # Publication # Authors: Jinho Ahn, Edward J. Brook, Logan Mitchell, Julia Rosen, Joseph R. McConnell, Kendrick Taylor, David Etheridge, and Mauro Rubino # Published_Date_or_Year: 2012-06-01 # Published_Title: Atmospheric CO2 over the last 1000 years: A high-resolution record from the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) Divide ice core # Journal_Name: Global Biogeochemical Cycles # Volume: 26 # Edition: GB2027 # Issue: 2 # Pages: # DOI: 10.1029/2011GB004247 # Online_Resource: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/wol1/doi/10.1029/2011GB004247/abstract # Full_Citation: # Abstract: We report a decadally resolved record of atmospheric CO2 concentration for the last 1000 years, obtained from the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) Divide shallow ice core. The most prominent feature of the pre-industrial period is a rapid ~7 ppm decrease of CO2 in a span of ~20-50 years at ~1600 A.D. This observation confirms the timing of an abrupt atmospheric CO2 decrease of ~10 ppm observed for that time period in the Law Dome ice core CO2 records, but the true magnitude of the decrease remains unclear. Atmospheric CO2 variations over the time period 1000-1800 A.D. are statistically correlated with northern hemispheric climate and tropical Indo-Pacific sea surface temperature. However, the exact relationship between CO2 and climate remains elusive due to regional climate variations and/or uneven geographical data density of paleoclimate records. We observe small differences of 0 ~ 2% (0 ~ 6 ppm) among the high-precision CO2 records from the Law Dome, EPICA Dronning Maud Land and WAIS Divide Antarctic ice cores. However, those records share common trends of CO2 change on centennial to multicentennial time scales, and clearly show that atmospheric CO2 has been increasing above preindustrial levels since ~1850 A.D. #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: US National Science Foundation # Grant: 0839078 #------------------ # Site_Information # Site_Name: WAIS Divide (WDC-05A and WDC-06A) # Location: Antarctica # Country: # Northernmost_Latitude: -79.467 # Southernmost_Latitude: -79.467 # Easternmost_Longitude: -112.1251 # Westernmost_Longitude: -112.1251 # Elevation: m #------------------ # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: WAIS2015CO2 # Earliest_Year: 733 # Most_Recent_Year: 1939 # Time_Unit: Year AD # Core_Length: 355m # Notes: #------------------ # Chronology: WDCO6A-7 as described in Mitchell, Logan, Edward Brook, James E. Lee, Christo Buizert, and Todd Sowers. 2013. # Constraints on the Late Holocene Anthropogenic Contribution to the Atmospheric Methane Budget. # Science 342(6161): 964-966. # # # #---------------- # Variables # # Data variables follow are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Data line variables format: Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-longname-tab-longname components (9 components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, archive, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) # ## Core_ID WAIS Divide Core ID, , , , , , , ,C ## depth_m depth, , , m, , , middle of sample interval, ,N ## age_AD age, , , calendar year AD, , , , ,N ## co2_ppm CO2 concentration, , , ppm, ,ice core, , ,N ## co2_1s_ppm CO2 concentration 1 sigma error, , , ppm, ,ice core, , ,N ## num_reps number of replicates, , , , , , , ,N # #---------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing Values: # Core_ID depth_m age_AD co2_ppm co2_1s_ppm num_reps WDC05A 78.973 1939.7 311.6 1.6 6 WDC05A 80.095 1934.8 307.1 0.2 12 WDC05A 80.595 1933 306.5 1.3 5 WDC05A 82.588 1924.5 303.9 0.3 6 WDC05A 84.64 1915.8 298.8 1.2 4 WDC05A 86.385 1908.4 300.7 1.4 6 WDC05A 88.355 1900 295.9 0.6 5 WDC05A 90.153 1892 294 0.8 3 WDC05A 92.12 1883.7 292.1 0.3 2 WDC05A 94.671 1872.5 289.8 0.3 3 WDC05A 97.15 1861.7 288.3 1.5 3 WDC05A 98.394 1856.1 286.7 0.3 3 WDC05A 100.65 1846.2 286.9 1.1 3 WDC05A 102.702 1837.2 285.3 0.7 3 WDC05A 105.22 1826 285.9 0.2 3 WDC05A 106.328 1821.3 286 0.6 3 WDC05A 109.101 1808.9 284.4 0.3 5 WDC05A 110.575 1802.6 284.4 0.7 6 WDC05A 110.88 1801.2 282.6 0.7 4 WDC05A 113.16 1791.1 283.7 1.2 6 WDC05A 114.855 1783.7 281.7 0.6 3 WDC05A 115.1 1782.5 284.2 0.9 3 WDC05A 116.9 1774.7 281.8 0.3 3 WDC05A 118.74 1766.7 280 1.3 5 WDC05A 121.195 1755.5 281.7 0.6 4 WDC05A 123.22 1746.7 280.1 0.6 3 WDC05A 124.77 1739.7 280.6 1.4 3 WDC05A 126.795 1730.7 278.7 1.2 3 WDC05A 128.72 1722.3 281.4 0.4 4 WDC06A 129.12 1720 282.2 0.4 3 WDC05A 130.85 1712.9 278.9 0.6 3 WDC06A 131.22 1711 279.6 0.6 3 WDC05A 132.808 1704.1 279 1.8 7 WDC05A 134.695 1695.9 279.5 0.6 4 WDC06A 135.22 1694 278.9 0.4 3 WDC05A 136.31 1688.6 278.9 0.5 4 WDC05A 138.878 1677.6 279.1 0.7 6 WDC06A 139.22 1676 279.6 0.6 3 WDC05A 140.883 1668.6 277.7 0.5 5 WDC05A 142.426 1661.8 278 0.7 4 WDC06A 143.22 1658 280.5 0.4 3 WDC06A 145.22 1650 280.9 0.5 2 WDC06A 147.22 1641 278.9 0.9 3 WDC05A 147.228 1641 279.2 0.6 4 WDC05A 149.073 1632.6 278.8 1 4 WDC06A 149.22 1632 282.1 0.3 2 WDC05A 150.012 1628.6 281.3 0.5 6 WDC06A 151.22 1623 280.9 0.3 3 WDC05A 152.717 1616.5 278.6 0.6 6 WDC06A 153.12 1615 279.9 1.1 2 WDC05A 154.388 1609 282.2 0.5 9 WDC06A 155.22 1605 280.2 0.4 3 WDC06A 157.12 1597 281.5 0.8 2 WDC05A 157.129 1596.7 280.9 0.9 8 WDC05A 158.589 1590.4 279.9 0.7 4 WDC06A 159.22 1587 284.5 0.3 3 WDC05A 160.499 1581.9 283.2 1.2 5 WDC05A 162 1575.1 283.9 0.9 3 WDC05A 163.476 1568.6 286.4 0.9 5 WDC05A 166.126 1556.9 285.5 0.6 5 WDC05A 168.623 1546 285.8 0.5 5 WDC05A 170.022 1539.5 283.9 1.5 6 WDC05A 172.69 1527.5 286.3 0.2 4 WDC05A 174.021 1521.6 284.7 0.4 4 WDC05A 176.355 1511.2 285.5 0.9 4 WDC05A 177.538 1505.5 285.3 0.8 4 WDC05A 180.373 1493.1 285.3 0.1 3 WDC05A 182.286 1484.6 282.2 0.5 10 WDC05A 184.43 1475.2 282.7 0.4 3 WDC05A 186.51 1465.8 283.3 0.7 3 WDC05A 187.745 1460.3 283.8 0.5 3 WDC05A 190.062 1450 281.1 0.3 4 WDC05A 192.474 1439.2 283.5 0.4 5 WDC05A 194.375 1430.5 281.9 1.7 4 WDC05A 196.528 1421 282.5 0.5 3 WDC05A 198.15 1413.9 284.6 0.3 4 WDC05A 200.148 1405.1 282.5 0.1 4 WDC05A 201.78 1398.2 284.8 1.4 4 WDC05A 204.99 1383.6 285.2 0.6 6 WDC05A 207.166 1373.9 283.5 0.6 4 WDC05A 207.825 1370.9 284.1 0.9 3 WDC05A 209.798 1362 285.3 0.5 3 WDC05A 212.656 1349.5 284.7 1.3 5 WDC05A 214.243 1342.2 283.7 0.7 3 WDC05A 216.507 1332 284.9 0.9 7 WDC05A 219.082 1320.6 284.5 0.7 8 WDC05A 220.999 1311.9 284.4 0.4 12 WDC05A 222.926 1303.5 285.4 0.3 3 WDC05A 224.87 1295 283.8 0.4 3 WDC05A 226.081 1289.5 284.4 1.3 3 WDC05A 228.31 1279.6 284.7 1.2 8 WDC05A 229.981 1272.2 283.7 1.3 4 WDC05A 232.095 1262.7 284.9 0.8 3 WDC05A 234.037 1254.1 286.1 1.1 3 WDC06A 235.12 1249 285 0.2 2 WDC05A 235.77 1246.4 283.2 0.8 4 WDC06A 237.22 1240 282.1 0.2 3 WDC05A 237.34 1239.9 284.3 0.8 3 WDC05A 240.495 1225.8 283.6 1.3 3 WDC06A 241.22 1223 284.8 0.9 3 WDC05A 243.344 1213.4 286.2 1.9 9 WDC05A 245.02 1205.9 284.1 1.1 3 WDC06A 245.22 1205 286.9 0.3 3 WDC05A 246.556 1199.4 284.2 0.6 3 WDC05A 248.256 1192 284.3 0.5 6 WDC05A 248.84 1189.3 287.5 1.2 6 WDC06A 249.22 1188 284.7 0.4 3 WDC05A 251.708 1176.6 286.5 1.1 3 WDC06A 253.22 1170 285.7 1.3 3 WDC05A 254.105 1166 285.1 0.8 4 WDC05A 256.315 1156.4 286.3 0.4 4 WDC06A 257.22 1153 284.7 0.8 3 WDC05A 260.97 1136.2 287.4 1.2 4 WDC06A 261.22 1135 285.3 0.5 3 WDC05A 262.425 1129.8 284.6 0.4 4 WDC06A 265.22 1118 285.5 0.8 3 WDC05A 266.768 1111.2 286.1 0.6 5 WDC06A 269.15 1101 285.9 0.8 3 WDC05A 269.153 1101.3 285.3 0.5 3 WDC05A 272.243 1088 286.5 1.4 4 WDC06A 273.16 1084 286 0.8 3 WDC05A 275.252 1075.1 285.4 0.4 6 WDC06A 277.18 1067 285.8 0.4 4 WDC05A 277.235 1066.6 285.4 0.6 4 WDC05A 278.567 1060.9 284.5 0.8 3 WDC05A 279.85 1055.6 283.3 0.3 3 WDC06A 281.18 1050 285.7 1.1 4 WDC06A 285.16 1033 284.6 1.3 4 WDC05A 285.196 1033 283.9 1 4 WDC05A 286.05 1029.4 282.1 1.2 4 WDC05A 286.271 1028.5 282.3 0.4 5 WDC05A 286.719 1026.6 280.6 1.2 3 WDC06A 287.16 1024 283.5 1.3 4 WDC05A 288.83 1017.7 282.9 1 4 WDC06A 291.17 1008 283.5 0.7 3 WDC05A 292.165 1003.1 284 1.4 3 WDC06A 295.16 990 282.7 1.3 4 WDC05A 295.59 988.6 282 0.6 4 WDC05A 297.575 979.8 282 0.6 4 WDC06A 299.19 973 280.9 0.9 3 WDC06A 303.16 956 281.6 0.7 3 WDC06A 305.16 947 282.1 1.1 4 WDC06A 307.16 938 280.8 0.9 3 WDC06A 311.16 921 280.6 1.2 4 WDC06A 315.19 903 280.6 0.5 3 WDC06A 319.16 886 283.5 0.2 4 WDC06A 323.13 869 280.3 0.5 3 WDC06A 327.19 851 280.1 0.2 3 WDC06A 331.16 834 282.5 0.7 4 WDC06A 335.16 817 280.2 1.9 4 WDC06A 339.16 800 280.3 0.6 3 WDC06A 341.19 792 280.7 0.3 3 WDC06A 343.16 783 279.5 0.9 3 WDC06A 347.33 766 280.9 0.7 4 WDC06A 351.18 749 280.6 0.9 4 WDC06A 355.16 733 280.7 0.4 3