West Antarctic Ice Core 20th Century Stable Isotope Data ----------------------------------------------------------------------- World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder and NOAA Paleoclimatology Program ----------------------------------------------------------------------- NOTE: PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL REFERENCE WHEN USING THIS DATA!!!!! NAME OF DATA SET: West Antarctic Ice Core 20th Century Stable Isotope Data LAST UPDATE: 8/2008 (Original receipt at WDC Paleo) CONTRIBUTOR: David P. Schneider, National Center for Atmospheric Research IGBP PAGES/WDCA CONTRIBUTION SERIES NUMBER: 2008-076 WDC PALEO CONTRIBUTION SERIES CITATION: Schneider, D.P. and E.J. Steig. 2008. West Antarctic Ice Core 20th Century Stable Isotope Data. IGBP PAGES/World Data Center for Paleoclimatology Data Contribution Series # 2008-076. NOAA/NCDC Paleoclimatology Program, Boulder CO, USA. ORIGINAL REFERENCE: Schneider, D.P. and E.J. Steig. 2008. Ice cores record significant 1940s Antarctic warmth related to tropical climate variability. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, August 12, 2008, doi:10.1073/pnas.0803627105. ABSTRACT: Although the 20th Century warming of global climate is well known, climate change in the high-latitude Southern Hemisphere (SH), especially in the first half of the century, remains poorly documented. We present a composite of water stable isotope data from high-resolution ice cores from the West Antarctic Ice Sheet. This record, representative of West Antarctic surface temperature, shows extreme positive anomalies in the 1936–45 decade that are significant in the context of the background 20th Century warming trend. We interpret these anomalies - previously undocumented in the high-latitude SH - as indicative of strong teleconnections in part driven by the major 1939–42 El Niño. These anomalies are coherent with tropical sea-surface temperature, mean SH air temperature, and North Pacific sea-level pressure, underscoring the sensitivity of West Antarctica's climate, and potentially its ice sheet, to large-scale changes in the global climate. GEOGRAPHIC REGION: West Antarctica PERIOD OF RECORD: 1900 - 2001 AD FUNDING SOURCES: US National Science Foundation, Office of Polar Programs, through grants to the University of Washington, and via support for the National Center for Atmospheric Research. DESCRIPTION: Water stable isotope data from high-resolution ice cores from the West Antarctic Ice Sheet. The record is representative of West Antarctic surface temperature. Table 1. Summary information for ice core sites. Site Name Lat(°N) Lon(°E) Elev(m) Type End yr Dyer Plateau -70.66 -64.5 2002 d18O 1989 Siple Station -75.92 -84.15 1054 d18O 1983 01-5 ITASE -77.06 -89.14 1239 d18O 1999 00-5 ITASE -77.68 -123.99 1828 dD 1999 01-2 ITASE -77.84 -102.91 1336 d18O 1999 01-3 ITASE -78.12 -95.65 1620 dD 1999 00-1 ITASE -79.38 -111.23 1791 dD 1999 Siple Dome A -81.65 -148.81 615 dD 1993 DATA: West Antarctic Ice Core 20th Century Stable Isotope Data Stacked and inddividual core records Column 1: Year AD Column 2: Normalized West Antarctic ice core stack derived from 8 individual ice cores (data from figure 1A) Column 3: Normalized West Antarctic ice core stack derived from 5 US-ITASE records (data in columns 4-8) Column 4: Raw annual isotope record for 00-1 ITASE (del 18-O) Column 5: Raw annual isotope record for 00-5 ITASE (del D) Column 6: Raw annual isotope record for 01-2 ITASE (del 18-O) Column 7: Raw annual isotope record for 01-3 ITASE (del D) Column 8: Raw annual isotope record for 01-5 ITASE (del 18-O) Year WAstk ITASEstk 00-1 d18O 00-5 dD 01-2 d18O 01-3 dD 01-5 d18O 2001 -27.580 -255.286 -32.988 2000 -29.213 -231.391 -29.631 1999 0.577 0.488 -33.587 -280.785 -30.044 -244.560 -30.380 1998 2.739 2.303 -30.645 -269.261 -29.188 -245.656 -30.681 1997 0.718 0.607 -31.279 -264.198 -30.848 -248.272 -32.502 1996 1.188 1.001 -31.052 -254.248 -30.094 -255.838 -32.763 1995 1.576 1.327 -31.303 -263.497 -29.721 -243.198 -32.264 1994 0.961 0.811 -33.258 -256.451 -29.207 -248.771 -31.751 1993 1.283 1.649 -32.837 -266.308 -28.485 -248.593 -31.034 1992 2.689 2.469 -31.470 -247.955 -30.928 -243.890 -30.173 1991 1.094 0.545 -31.173 -266.400 -31.129 -250.731 -31.109 1990 0.114 1.135 -32.109 -257.286 -28.672 -262.906 -31.038 1989 0.321 -0.460 -32.181 -266.670 -29.917 -263.612 -31.363 1988 0.482 0.635 -33.318 -259.649 -30.459 -244.768 -30.821 1987 -0.954 0.146 -33.869 -270.159 -28.926 -252.933 -31.470 1986 -0.541 -0.622 -35.104 -271.289 -30.593 -247.190 -30.375 1985 -0.289 -0.639 -33.126 -268.756 -30.704 -260.861 -30.185 1984 0.910 1.192 -31.493 -255.498 -29.902 -259.319 -31.764 1983 0.851 0.918 -32.597 -263.503 -28.498 -244.644 -32.320 1982 -1.624 -2.030 -33.061 -270.518 -29.552 -266.378 -33.751 1981 1.312 1.066 -31.806 -268.571 -29.594 -254.392 -30.389 1980 2.543 2.409 -31.104 -239.895 -30.150 -253.949 -31.056 1979 1.031 1.279 -33.107 -273.925 -28.234 -245.059 -31.085 1978 -0.664 -0.847 -32.947 -276.951 -31.288 -249.788 -30.954 1977 -1.548 -1.047 -34.313 -279.359 -28.868 -250.900 -32.396 1976 -1.220 -1.062 -32.361 -271.359 -29.908 -259.192 -31.891 1975 0.122 0.005 -33.648 -258.319 -30.530 -260.708 -30.501 1974 0.735 0.649 -32.865 -252.588 -31.264 -255.541 -30.113 1973 1.226 1.282 -33.051 -262.625 -29.124 -256.825 -29.646 1972 0.472 -0.308 -32.947 -256.570 -30.042 -257.845 -31.926 1971 -0.194 -1.493 -32.097 -268.457 -31.613 -268.629 -30.764 1970 0.811 -0.139 -33.100 -261.314 -30.881 -245.169 -31.917 1969 -0.746 -0.581 -33.994 -256.320 -28.562 -265.013 -32.989 1968 -0.120 0.440 -33.781 -247.516 -29.080 -247.729 -33.053 1967 0.586 0.046 -33.199 -262.442 -30.937 -249.513 -31.128 1966 -1.489 -0.708 -33.384 -275.043 -31.040 -251.577 -30.641 1965 -0.798 0.019 -32.909 -256.126 -30.351 -254.440 -31.839 1964 0.511 0.203 -31.429 -263.456 -30.271 -258.416 -31.986 1963 -1.587 -0.854 -33.314 -267.647 -29.836 -258.891 -31.993 1962 -0.341 -1.161 -34.169 -273.311 -29.766 -255.327 -31.865 1961 0.022 0.523 -31.921 -260.887 -29.769 -249.749 -32.595 1960 1.702 1.773 -32.902 -255.235 -29.761 -240.063 -31.305 1959 -1.239 -1.300 -34.216 -261.312 -30.271 -259.092 -32.354 1958 -0.291 -0.372 -32.790 -251.902 -31.454 -258.964 -31.275 1957 -0.513 -0.635 -34.359 -247.100 -29.687 -262.626 -32.086 1956 -1.193 -0.588 -33.140 -269.801 -29.910 -253.095 -32.608 1955 -2.055 -2.031 -33.840 -272.827 -29.773 -256.234 -33.262 1954 -1.002 -1.085 -33.500 -263.020 -29.855 -264.463 -32.705 1953 -0.935 -0.785 -33.816 -262.390 -30.249 -255.583 -31.451 1952 -1.376 -0.239 -31.678 -262.079 -30.883 -259.746 -31.866 1951 -1.738 -0.833 -33.028 -271.206 -30.709 -258.646 -30.704 1950 -0.643 0.546 -33.013 -263.884 -29.889 -249.265 -31.138 1949 0.235 1.053 -33.281 -258.387 -29.258 -250.391 -31.327 1948 -1.217 -0.122 -33.980 -258.219 -28.342 -259.973 -32.166 1947 -1.421 -0.935 -33.723 -271.806 -28.649 -257.870 -32.117 1946 1.331 1.739 -31.446 -260.655 -29.914 -245.914 -31.375 1945 3.875 3.941 -31.159 -245.129 -29.969 -242.694 -29.574 1944 2.961 2.862 -33.568 -259.373 -27.783 -238.081 -30.957 1943 -2.937 -1.601 -34.357 -271.269 -26.617 -272.303 -34.047 1942 -0.884 -0.973 -32.847 -267.764 -28.700 -269.147 -32.167 1941 5.226 4.615 -31.152 -254.372 -29.576 -241.431 -29.213 1940 3.952 2.889 -31.408 -256.285 -30.246 -235.005 -31.294 1939 3.535 3.184 -30.647 -245.064 -29.858 -252.562 -30.614 1938 3.024 3.629 -31.387 -246.265 -28.815 -241.824 -31.017 1937 -0.441 -0.159 -34.258 -253.036 -28.891 -257.314 -32.694 1936 -1.034 -0.772 -34.284 -247.055 -30.297 -266.742 -30.978 1935 -0.132 0.575 -33.383 -246.161 -30.804 -252.982 -31.129 1934 -0.636 -0.699 -33.087 -261.209 -30.052 -261.019 -31.676 1933 -0.075 -0.032 -33.464 -267.600 -30.072 -250.622 -31.011 1932 -1.724 -0.887 -33.792 -268.647 -30.682 -250.427 -32.266 1931 0.008 0.411 -32.169 -257.435 -29.471 -254.967 -32.526 1930 0.436 2.063 -32.394 -250.091 -29.136 -241.804 -32.219 1929 -2.336 -1.078 -33.722 -258.600 -28.900 -261.552 -33.750 1928 -1.911 -1.802 -33.214 -262.887 -30.569 -264.158 -32.178 1927 -0.712 0.281 -33.322 -257.788 -30.288 -242.366 -32.635 1926 0.990 0.974 -31.972 -268.749 -30.119 -252.287 -30.687 1925 1.300 2.025 -31.603 -258.026 -29.232 -242.914 -31.650 1924 0.675 1.664 -32.479 -255.408 -29.565 -252.212 -30.924 1923 0.590 1.301 -32.553 -252.903 -29.623 -257.302 -30.526 1922 0.191 1.426 -31.901 -262.677 -29.202 -253.582 -30.265 1921 0.886 0.576 -31.871 -272.373 -30.046 -245.033 -32.257 1920 1.319 0.778 -33.039 -259.605 -29.954 -244.613 -31.741 1919 -0.305 -0.157 -33.584 -259.369 -29.503 -254.823 -32.126 1918 -0.045 -0.228 -32.445 -266.611 -30.046 -255.475 -31.611 1917 -0.174 1.100 -34.374 -249.953 -28.857 -256.532 -31.115 1916 1.817 1.526 -31.526 -256.843 -28.472 -255.837 -31.722 1915 -0.474 0.025 -32.655 -264.481 -28.961 -255.566 -32.169 1914 -2.151 -0.583 -33.147 -270.750 -28.156 -254.326 -33.926 1913 -0.835 -0.117 -32.604 -256.776 -29.342 -264.048 -31.855 1912 1.060 1.696 -31.699 -250.226 -31.136 -244.731 -30.826 1911 -0.684 -0.202 -31.965 -256.199 -31.771 -255.772 -32.091 1910 -2.059 -3.047 -34.282 -272.685 -32.439 -251.602 -32.107 1909 -0.334 -0.829 -34.620 -273.443 -28.973 -253.610 -31.880 1908 0.461 0.025 -33.217 -264.196 -28.480 -253.277 -32.982 1907 -3.309 -3.134 -34.427 -271.058 -30.578 -258.316 -34.125 1906 -3.475 -3.059 -34.015 -255.615 -29.224 -278.355 -34.049 1905 -1.942 -1.387 -34.130 -255.485 -28.396 -277.763 -31.907 1904 1.139 0.694 -32.611 -270.931 -29.129 -255.016 -30.163 1903 -1.938 -2.097 -33.721 -266.066 -30.228 -259.989 -34.175 1902 1.445 0.593 -33.053 -253.769 -28.413 -253.194 -32.721 1901 0.622 1.012 -32.026 -260.260 -29.627 -252.701 -31.368 1900 -0.081 0.470 -32.955 -256.044 -29.569 -249.290 -32.705