# SE-Dome ll Ice Core, South Eastern Greenland Accumulation Rate, Melt Crust and Feature, H2O2 and Tritium Concentration, Bulk Density and Electrical Conductivity Data from 1800 to 2020 CE #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 4.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite original publication, NOAA Landing Page URL, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. # If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, study title, NOAA Landing Page URL, and date accessed. # # Description/Documentation lines begin with '#' followed by a space # Data lines have no '#' # # NOAA_Landing_Page: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/38404 # Landing_Page_Description: NOAA Landing Page of this file's parent study, which includes all study metadata. # # Study_Level_JSON_Metadata: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/json/noaa-icecore-38404.json # Study_Level_JSON_Description: JSON metadata of this data file's parent study, which includes all study metadata. # # Data_Type: Ice Cores # # Dataset_DOI: 10.25921/bx51-ng14 # # Science_Keywords: Glaciers and Ice Sheets Reconstruction #--------------------------------------- # Resource_Links # # Data_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/greenland/kawakami2023/kawakami2023-se-dome_melt_features.txt # Data_Download_Description: NOAA Template File; Melt Features Data # #--------------------------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2023-08-11 #--------------------------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2023-11-23 #--------------------------------------- # Title # Study_Name: SE-Dome ll Ice Core, South Eastern Greenland Accumulation Rate, Melt Crust and Feature, H2O2 and Tritium Concentration, Bulk Density and Electrical Conductivity Data from 1800 to 2020 CE #--------------------------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Kawakami, Kaoru(0000-0001-9711-3762); Iizuka, Yoshinori (0000-0001-7241-6062); Sasage, Mahiro; Matsumoto, Mai; Saito, Takeshi; Hori, Akira (0000-0002-5887-905X); Sakiko, Ishino (0000-0002-5897-7063); Fujita, Shuji (0000-0003-0127-0777); Fujita, Koji (0000-0003-3753-4981); Takasugi,Keita; Hatakeyama, Takumi; Hamamoto, Saaya; Watari, Akihisa; Esashi, Nao; Otsuka, Miu; Uemura, Ryu (0000-0002-4236-0085); Horiuchi, Kazuho (0000-0003-3185-8766); Minowa, Masahiro (0000-0003-2667-9798); Hattori, Shohei(0000-0002-4438-5462); Aoki, Teruo (0000-0003-1007-986X); Hirabayashi,Motohiro; Kawamura, Kenji (0000-0003-1163-700X); Matoba, Sumito (0000-0003-2214-4649) #--------------------------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: #--------------------------------------- # Publication # Authors: Kaoru Kawakami, Yoshinori Iizuka, Mahiro Sasage, Mai Matsumoto, Takeshi Saito, Akira Hori, Sakiko Ishino, Shuji Fujita, Koji Fujita, Keita Takasugi, Takumi Hatakeyama, Saaya Hamamoto, Akihisa Watari, Nao Esashi, Miu Otsuka, Ryu Uemura, Kazuho Horiuchi, Masahiro Minowa, Shohei Hattori, Teruo Aoki, Motohiro Hirabayashi, Kenji Kawamura, Sumito Matoba # Published_Date_or_Year: 2023-10-27 # Published_Title: SE-Dome II ice core dating with half-year precision: Increasing melting events from 1799 to 2020 in southeastern Greenland # Journal_Name: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres # Volume: 128 # Edition: # Issue: 20 # Pages: # Report_Number: e2023JD038874 # DOI: 10.1029/2023JD038874 # Online_Resource: # Full_Citation: # Abstract: Arctic warming has accelerated surface melting even in the highland areas of the Greenland ice sheet (GrIS). Understanding the relationship between climate and surface melting is essential for improving the estimates of ice-sheet mass loss due to warming. Here we analyze a 250 m-long ice core from the southeastern dome of GrIS (SE-Dome site; 67 19'17" N, 36 47'03" W, 3161 m a.s.l.), where the annual mean temperature is -20.9C and the accumulation rate is high and there is a large discrepancy among climate models regarding snow accumulation estimates. A time scale was established for 1799–2020 with a half-year uncertainty using annual counting of H2O2 concentration and five time horizons determined by electrical conductivity, melt events, and tritium concentration. The annual accumulation rate from the ice core shows no significant trend over 221 years and has an average of 1.04 +/- 0.20 m w.e. yr-1. In contrast, the frequency and thickness of refrozen melt layer have increased over 221 years, and are synchronized with temperature changes in the Arctic. The thickness of the melt layers correlates positively with the time-integrated summer temperature anomaly using a reanalysis of air temperature. The in-situ accumulation records in the southeastern GrIS provide an important basis for correcting reanalysis data such as ERA5, which in turn are valuable for improving regional climate models. #--------------------------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Japan Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) # Grant: 18H05292, 23H00511, 20K19961, 20H04305, 23K18516 #--------------------------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Arctic Challenge for Sustainability (ArCS II) Project # Grant: JPMXD1420318865 #--------------------------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: National Institute of Polar Research (NIPR) # Grant: 3-8 #--------------------------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Nanjing Normal University # Grant: #--------------------------------------- # Site_Information # Site_Name: SE-Dome II # Location: Greenland # Northernmost_Latitude: 67.19 # Southernmost_Latitude: 67.19 # Easternmost_Longitude: -36.47 # Westernmost_Longitude: -36.47 # Elevation_m: 3160.7 #--------------------------------------- # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: SE-Dome_melt_features # First_Year: 1800 # Last_Year: 2020 # Time_Unit: year Common Era # Core_Length_m: 250.79 # Parameter_Keywords: # Notes: #--------------------------------------- # Chronology_Information # Chronology: #--------------------------------------- # Variables # PaST_Thesaurus_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/skos/past-thesaurus.rdf # PaST_Thesaurus_Download_Description: Paleoenvironmental Standard Terms (PaST) Thesaurus terms, definitions, and relationships in SKOS format. # # Data variables follow that are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-var components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, data type, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) # ## Depth1_m depth,,,meter,,ice cores,,,N,middle depth corresponding to melt layers ## thick_layer layer thickness,,,millimeter,,ice cores,,,N,visual observation of melt layers thickness; Melt layers are defined by originating from a refrozen aquifer. ## Depth2_m depth,,,meter,,ice cores,,,N,middle depth corresponding to percolated melt pipes ## thick_pipe layer thickness,,,millimeter,,ice cores,,,N,visual observation of percolated melt pipes thickness; Percolated melt pipes are defined by consisting of refrozen meltwater during percolation without forming an aquifer ## Year ice age,,,year Common Era,,ice cores,,,N, ## Number melt,,,count,,ice cores,,,N,the number of melt layers and melt pipes in each year ## tot_thick layer thickness,,,millimeter,,ice cores,,,N,the total thickness of melt layers including the thickness equivalents of the percolated melt pipes ## MFP melt,,,percent,,ice cores,,,N,melt feature percentage #------------------------ # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing_Values: -999 Depth1_m thick_layer Depth2_m thick_pipe Year Number tot_thick MFP 2.055 5 16.758 130 2020 1 5 0.69 3.887 3 17.091 530 2019 1 3 0.31 5.779 20 37.853 138 2018 2 34 3.61 5.856 14 -999.000 -999 2017 1 30 2.45 7.775 30 -999.000 -999 2016 0 0 0 16.657 11 -999.000 -999 2015 0 0 0 16.690 5 -999.000 -999 2014 0 0 0 19.677 10 -999.000 -999 2013 0 0 0 21.195 11 -999.000 -999 2012 4 174.4 15.79 24.758 4 -999.000 -999 2011 0 0 0 24.877 4 -999.000 -999 2010 1 10 0.84 26.261 23 -999.000 -999 2009 1 11 0.91 26.290 8 -999.000 -999 2008 0 0 0 26.304 10 -999.000 -999 2007 2 8 0.60 26.446 2 -999.000 -999 2006 4 43 5.33 27.607 5 -999.000 -999 2005 2 8 0.68 27.617 3 -999.000 -999 2004 3 22 1.87 28.843 2 -999.000 -999 2003 1 5 0.33 29.094 9 -999.000 -999 2002 1 7 0.49 29.128 11 -999.000 -999 2001 0 0 0 30.727 5 -999.000 -999 2000 2 2 0.17 33.419 7 -999.000 -999 1999 4 72.5 6.93 35.689 1 -999.000 -999 1998 1 27 2.95 35.779 1 -999.000 -999 1997 1 16 1.28 37.699 9 -999.000 -999 1996 0 0 0 37.926 7 -999.000 -999 1995 3 13 1.18 37.958 22 -999.000 -999 1994 4 38 4.55 39.003 27 -999.000 -999 1993 0 0 0 40.246 16 -999.000 -999 1992 0 0 0 43.337 2 -999.000 -999 1991 3 16 1.26 43.960 6 -999.000 -999 1990 0 0 0 43.971 5 -999.000 -999 1989 1 2 0.18 44.802 8 -999.000 -999 1988 3 11 1.09 44.819 4 -999.000 -999 1987 4 34 2.93 44.835 8 -999.000 -999 1986 0 0 0 44.880 18 -999.000 -999 1985 0 0 0 49.306 2 -999.000 -999 1984 1 9 0.67 49.423 7 -999.000 -999 1983 0 0 0 49.458 7 -999.000 -999 1982 2 4 0.55 52.664 2 -999.000 -999 1981 3 14 1.37 53.625 3 -999.000 -999 1980 0 0 0 53.638 5 -999.000 -999 1979 0 0 0 53.751 3 -999.000 -999 1978 0 0 0 54.898 10 -999.000 -999 1977 0 0 0 54.919 8 -999.000 -999 1976 0 0 0 54.938 12 -999.000 -999 1975 0 0 0 54.960 4 -999.000 -999 1974 0 0 0 59.454 9 -999.000 -999 1973 1 6 0.66 62.175 2 -999.000 -999 1972 1 3 0.21 62.179 2 -999.000 -999 1971 0 0 0 63.368 9 -999.000 -999 1970 0 0 0 63.376 1 -999.000 -999 1969 0 0 0 63.441 4 -999.000 -999 1968 0 0 0 73.523 6 -999.000 -999 1967 0 0 0 74.703 3 -999.000 -999 1966 3 6 0.69 80.910 2 -999.000 -999 1965 0 0 0 81.353 2 -999.000 -999 1964 0 0 0 81.375 2 -999.000 -999 1963 0 0 0 87.864 6 -999.000 -999 1962 0 0 0 88.149 6 -999.000 -999 1961 0 0 0 89.820 8 -999.000 -999 1960 2 12 0.93 89.830 3 -999.000 -999 1959 2 11 0.80 92.176 5 -999.000 -999 1958 0 0 0 92.331 16 -999.000 -999 1957 2 21 1.83 100.389 3 -999.000 -999 1956 0 0 0 100.425 30 -999.000 -999 1955 0 0 0 107.800 6 -999.000 -999 1954 0 0 0 124.274 20 -999.000 -999 1953 0 0 0 128.494 20 -999.000 -999 1952 0 0 0 128.520 8 -999.000 -999 1951 0 0 0 135.540 4 -999.000 -999 1950 2 33 4.43 139.191 17 -999.000 -999 1949 0 0 0 139.656 4 -999.000 -999 1948 0 0 0 144.112 10 -999.000 -999 1947 0 0 0 151.554 12 -999.000 -999 1946 0 0 0 153.307 3 -999.000 -999 1945 0 0 0 154.442 14 -999.000 -999 1944 1 6 0.54 158.815 9 -999.000 -999 1943 0 0 0 167.039 30 -999.000 -999 1942 0 0 0 167.087 10 -999.000 -999 1941 0 0 0 167.137 10 -999.000 -999 1940 0 0 0 196.479 9 -999.000 -999 1939 0 0 0 198.192 2 -999.000 -999 1938 0 0 0 201.065 3 -999.000 -999 1937 0 0 0 218.079 8 -999.000 -999 1936 0 0 0 233.741 3 -999.000 -999 1935 0 0 0 -999.000 -999 -999.000 -999 1934 0 0 0 -999.000 -999 -999.000 -999 1933 0 0 0 -999.000 -999 -999.000 -999 1932 0 0 0 -999.000 -999 -999.000 -999 1931 1 20 2.01 -999.000 -999 -999.000 -999 1930 0 0 0 -999.000 -999 -999.000 -999 1929 0 0 0 -999.000 -999 -999.000 -999 1928 0 0 0 -999.000 -999 -999.000 -999 1927 2 28 3.16 -999.000 -999 -999.000 -999 1926 0 0 0 -999.000 -999 -999.000 -999 1925 0 0 0 -999.000 -999 -999.000 -999 1924 0 0 0 -999.000 -999 -999.000 -999 1923 0 0 0 -999.000 -999 -999.000 -999 1922 0 0 0 -999.000 -999 -999.000 -999 1921 0 0 0 -999.000 -999 -999.000 -999 1920 1 4 0.39 -999.000 -999 -999.000 -999 1919 0 0 0 -999.000 -999 -999.000 -999 1918 0 0 0 -999.000 -999 -999.000 -999 1917 0 0 0 -999.000 -999 -999.000 -999 1916 1 17 1.71 -999.000 -999 -999.000 -999 1915 1 4 0.45 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