Belukha Glacier, Siberian Altai 300Yr Pb Concentration and Isotope Data ----------------------------------------------------------------------- World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder and NOAA Paleoclimatology Program ----------------------------------------------------------------------- NOTE: Please cite original reference when using these data, plus the data file URL and date accessed. NAME OF DATA SET: Belukha Glacier, Siberian Altai 300Yr Pb Concentration and Isotope Data LAST UPDATE: 5/2012 (Original receipt by WDC Paleo) CONTRIBUTORS: Eichler, A., L. Tobler, S. Eyrikh, G. Gramlich, N. Malygina, T. Papina, and M. Schwikowski IGBP PAGES/WDCA CONTRIBUTION SERIES NUMBER: 2012-072 WDC PALEO CONTRIBUTION SERIES CITATION: Eichler, A., et al. 2012. Belukha Glacier, Siberian Altai 300Yr Pb Concentration and Isotope Data. IGBP PAGES/World Data Center for Paleoclimatology Data Contribution Series # 2012-072. NOAA/NCDC Paleoclimatology Program, Boulder CO, USA. ORIGINAL REFERENCE: Eichler, A., L. Tobler, S. Eyrikh, G. Gramlich, N. Malygina, T. Papina, and M. Schwikowski. 2012. Three centuries of Eastern European and Altai lead emissions recorded in a Belukha ice core. Environ. Sci. Technol., 46(8), 4323-4330 DOI: 10.1021/es2039954 ABSTRACT: Human activities have significantly altered atmospheric Pb concentrations and thus, its geochemical cycle, for thousands of years. While historical Pb emissions from Western Europe, North America, and Asia are well documented, there is no equivalent data for Eastern Europe. Here we present ice-core Pb concentrations for the period 1680-1995 from Belukha glacier in the Siberian Altai, assumed to be representative of emissions in Eastern Europe and the Altai. Pb concentrations and 207Pb/206Pb ratios were strongly enhanced during the period 1935-1995 due to the use of Pb additives in Russian gasoline mined in the Rudny Altai. Comparable to Western Europe and North America, Eastern European Pb emissions peaked in the 1970s. However, the subsequent downward trend in Eastern Europe was mainly caused by the economic crisis in the U.S.S.R. and not by a phase-out of leaded gasoline. Pb concentrations in the period 1680-1935, preceding the era of intensified industrialization in Russia, reflect the history of local emissions from Rudny Altai mining and related metallurgical processing primarily for the production of Russian coins. During this time Altai ore Pb contributed about 40% of the regional atmospheric Pb. GEOGRAPHIC REGION: Siberian Altai, Central Asia PERIOD OF RECORD: 1680 - 1995 AD DATA FILE URLS: ftp://ftp.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/trop/belukha/belukha2012pb.txt ftp://ftp.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/trop/belukha/belukha2012pb.xls DESCRIPTION: 5-year averages of the Pb concentrations and Pb isotope ratios from the 2001 Belukha ice core, Siberian Altai (period 1680-1995). Dating uncertainties are <3 years (AD 1815-1995), or <5 years (AD 1680-1815). Listed age is the first year of the 5 year averaging period, e.g. 1680 value is for the period 1680-1684. Belukha ice core, Siberian Altai: 49°48'26"N, 86°34'43"E, elevation 4062 m a.s.l., 139 m long DATA: 1. Eichler et al. 2012 Belukha ice core Pb concentrations 5-year averages of the Pb concentrations (period 1680-1995) Column 1: Year AD (e.g. 1680: period 1680-1684) Column 2: 5-year averages of the ice-core Pb concentrations (ng/l) Year Pb (ng/l) 1680 87.6 1685 101.8 1700 57.5 1705 64.4 1710 61.8 1715 41.5 1720 51.6 1725 86.2 1730 74.1 1735 69.0 1740 101.2 1745 52.4 1750 68.6 1755 78.5 1760 62.7 1765 69.7 1770 97.0 1775 74.2 1780 86.2 1785 96.4 1790 122.7 1795 162.6 1800 105.2 1805 102.1 1810 168.9 1815 117.4 1820 207.8 1825 108.7 1830 139.7 1835 116.8 1840 169.7 1845 154.5 1850 168.7 1855 188.7 1860 164.1 1865 160.0 1870 99.7 1875 121.7 1880 120.5 1885 135.0 1890 198.4 1895 84.0 1900 120.3 1905 186.3 1910 144.1 1915 125.7 1920 86.1 1925 123.9 1930 168.4 1935 350.3 1940 544.1 1945 613.5 1950 864.9 1955 1211.2 1960 1157.5 1965 1685.9 1970 2232.0 1975 1594.8 1980 1361.5 1985 1199.7 1990 717.1 2. Eichler et al. 2012 Belukha ice core Pb isotope ratios 5-year averages of the Pb isotope ratios (period 1680-1995) Column 1: Year AD (e.g. 1680: period 1680-1684) Column 2: 5-year averages of the ice-core Pb207/206 ratio Column 3: 5-year averages of the ice-core Pb208/206 ratio Year Pb207/206 Pb208/206 1680 0.8473 2.0845 1685 0.8499 2.0876 1700 0.8482 2.0767 1705 0.8445 2.0705 1710 0.8444 2.0697 1715 0.8425 2.0631 1720 0.8421 2.0730 1725 0.8453 2.0706 1730 0.8418 2.0669 1735 0.8498 2.0825 1740 0.8496 2.0831 1745 0.8559 2.0962 1750 0.8546 2.0911 1755 0.8515 2.0870 1760 0.8485 2.0862 1765 0.8547 2.0963 1770 0.8531 2.0909 1775 0.8468 2.0921 1785 0.8423 2.0707 1790 0.8445 2.0725 1795 0.8471 2.0694 1800 0.8423 2.0637 1805 0.8407 2.0662 1810 0.8406 2.0634 1815 0.8531 2.0912 1820 0.8507 2.0806 1825 0.8536 2.0898 1830 0.8580 2.0943 1835 0.8551 2.0858 1840 0.8507 2.0829 1845 0.8559 2.0916 1850 0.8536 2.0839 1855 0.8547 2.0837 1860 0.8515 2.0808 1865 0.8522 2.0818 1875 0.8550 2.0912 1885 0.8515 2.0821 1890 0.8596 2.0941 1895 0.8565 2.1014 1900 0.8544 2.0989 1905 0.8518 2.0998 1915 0.8555 2.1030 1925 0.8558 2.1013 1930 0.8613 2.1090 1935 0.8633 2.1091 1940 0.8676 2.1122 1945 0.8645 2.1036 1950 0.8658 2.1065 1955 0.8679 2.1153 1965 0.8681 2.1089 1970 0.8654 2.1004 1975 0.8684 2.1096 1980 0.8688 2.1092 1985 0.8695 2.1145 1990 0.8691 2.1052