# Quelccaya Ice Cap, Peru 1800 Year Oxygen Isotope, Dust, and Major Ions Data #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # NOTE: Please cite original reference when using these data, # plus the Online Resource and date accessed. # # Online_Resource: http://hurricane.ncdc.noaa.gov/pls/paleox/f?p=519:1:::::P1_STUDY_ID:14174 # # Original_Source_URL: ftp://ftp.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/trop/quelccaya/quelccaya2013huas.txt # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Archive: Ice Cores #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2013-04-04 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Quelccaya Ice Cap, Peru 1800 Year Oxygen Isotope, Dust, and Major Ions Data #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Thompson, L.G.; Mosley-Thompson, E.; Davis, M.E.; Zagorodnov, V.S.; Howat, I.M.; Mikhalenko, V.N.; Lin, P.-N. #-------------------- # Description_and_Notes # Description: Oxygen Isotope, dust and major ions data from ice cores collected on the Quelccaya Ice Cap, Peru. # Data are at annual or decadal resolution for the past 1800 years. These new records are based on freshly cut ice samples; # previous Quelccaya data were measured on bottled water samples. # Included are Annual averages of d18O, net balance (accumulation), dust concentrations, and major ion concentrations # for the Quelccaya Summit Dome (QSD) core from thermal year 226/227 to 2009/2010 CE; # Decadal averages of d18O and net balance (accumulation) for the Quelccaya North Dome (QND) core # from thermal year 1000/1001 to 1999/2000 CE; Decadal averages of sea surface temperatures (SSTs) # in the NINO4 region from thermal year 230 to 2009/2010, reconstructed from the relationship between NINO4 SST # and QSD d18O as shown in Fig S5 in the Supplementary Materials, Thompson et al. 2013; Annual layer thicknesses # in Quelccaya Summit Dome core from thermal year 1000/1001 to 1899/1900 CE. These are not corrected for density or thinning. # Annual layer thicknesses were determined by seasonal variations in dust and d18O, measured from high dust concentration # and high d18O in successive dry seasons (austral winter). Also included are Huascaran d18O and NO3- data: # d18O and nitrate from Huascaran 1993 Core 2. Decadal averages from thermal year 830/831 to 1991/1992, # quasi-decadal averages from thermal year 200/201 to 829/830 CE. Huascaran decadal d18O data are from # Thompson et al. (2006) PNAS, vol 103, 10,536-10,543. # Note: This file corrected 8/8/2013. Column 4 (NO3 values) offset by one decade too old in original version. # All NO3 values shifted up one row August 2013 # # #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: L. G. Thompson, E. Mosley-Thompson, M. E. Davis, V. S. Zagorodnov, I. M. Howat, V. N. Mikhalenko, P.-N. Lin # Published_Date_or_Year: 2013-04-04 # Published_Title: Annually Resolved Ice Core Records of Tropical Climate Variability Over the Past ~1800 Years # Journal_Name: Science # Volume: # Edition: ScienceExpress 2013-04-04 # Issue: # Pages: # DOI: 10.1126/science.1234210 # Abstract: Ice cores from low latitudes can provide a wealth of unique information about past climate in the tropics, but they are difficult to recover and few exist. Here, we report annually resolved ice core records from the Quelccaya ice cap (5670 masl) in Peru which extend back ~1800 years and provide a high-resolution record of climate variability there. Oxygen isotopic ratios (d18O) are linked to sea-surface temperatures in the tropical eastern Pacific, while concentrations of ammonium and nitrate document the dominant role played by the migration of the Intertropical Convergence Zone in the region of the tropical Andes. Quelccaya continues to retreat and thin: Radiocarbon dates on wetland plants exposed along its retreating margins indicate it has not been smaller for at least six millennia. #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: US National Science Foundation # Grant: ATM-0318430 #------------------ # Site_Information # Site_Name: Quelccaya Summit Dome Ice Core # Location: South America>Peru # Country: Peru # Northernmost_Latitude: -13.9333 # Southernmost_Latitude: -13.9333 # Easternmost_Longitude: -70.8333 # Westernmost_Longitude: -70.8333 # Elevation: 5670 m #------------------ # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: Quelccaya2013huas # Earliest_Year: 200 # Most_Recent_Year: 1992 # Time_Unit: AD # Core_Length: m # Notes: This file corrected 8/8/2013. Column 4 (NO3 values) offset by one decade too old in original version. All NO3 values shifted up one row August 2013. #------------------ # Chronology: # # The Summit Dome core was dated by annual layer counting to 683 CE, and was constrained by # the 1600 CE Huaynaputina volcanic event. From 682 CE to 226 CE the core was dated using # the modeling approach described in the Supplemental Information accompanying the Science (2013) paper. # The North Dome core was dated by layer counting to 1395 CE, and was also constrained by the 1600 CE # Huaynaputina volcanic event. From 1395 CE to 1000 CE dating was accomplished by matching the # isotopic record to that of the Summit Dome core. # #---------------- # Variables # # Data variables follow (have no #) # Data line variables format: Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-longname-tab-longname components (9 components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, archive, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) # Huascaran decadal averages (used in Figure 4 of Thompson et al. 2013) # ## age_AD_bot Age (years AD) First thermal year of decade, , , AD, , , , ,N ## age_AD_top Age (years AD) Last thermal year of decade, , , AD, , , , ,N ## d18OiceSMOW delta18O ice, ice, , per mil SMOW, , , , ,N ## no3_ppb NO3 - concentration (ppb), , , ppb, , , , ,N # #---------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing Values: N/A age_AD_bot age_AD_top d18OiceSMOW no3_ppb 1990 1992 N/A 112.2 1980 1989 -17.32 109.7 1970 1979 -18.20 100.4 1960 1969 -16.46 99.2 1950 1959 -17.88 94.4 1940 1949 -17.18 87.8 1930 1939 -16.93 84.0 1920 1929 -17.39 80.0 1910 1919 -18.10 83.4 1900 1909 -17.84 87.9 1890 1899 -18.99 76.8 1880 1889 -17.19 113.5 1870 1879 -16.50 99.5 1860 1869 -17.49 92.7 1850 1859 -17.87 91.2 1840 1849 -17.96 85.1 1830 1839 -17.29 104.1 1820 1829 -16.64 96.7 1810 1819 -18.18 101.6 1800 1809 -17.13 118.6 1790 1799 -16.41 96.2 1780 1789 -16.71 129.9 1770 1779 -18.46 78.9 1760 1769 -17.23 94.4 1750 1759 -18.33 102.8 1740 1749 -18.14 90.6 1730 1739 -19.34 80.0 1720 1729 -20.06 76.6 1710 1719 -19.57 85.7 1700 1709 -18.16 97.5 1690 1699 -18.74 93.8 1680 1689 -19.04 95.6 1670 1679 -18.97 86.3 1660 1669 -19.12 87.4 1650 1659 -19.19 83.6 1640 1649 -19.27 81.1 1630 1639 -19.29 79.7 1620 1629 -19.39 80.1 1610 1619 -18.85 89.1 1600 1609 -19.59 76.2 1590 1599 -18.74 93.4 1580 1589 -19.76 82.9 1570 1579 -19.37 77.9 1560 1569 -19.58 78.4 1550 1559 -18.77 90.4 1540 1549 -19.19 77.1 1530 1539 -19.21 81.3 1520 1529 -19.04 88.6 1510 1519 -19.69 76.3 1500 1509 -19.15 86.0 1490 1499 -19.58 77.4 1480 1489 -19.44 72.5 1470 1479 -19.31 76.6 1460 1469 -19.20 80.7 1450 1459 -19.03 83.3 1440 1449 -19.10 77.1 1430 1439 -19.64 78.5 1420 1429 -19.04 82.9 1410 1419 -19.25 78.2 1400 1409 -19.06 80.3 1390 1399 -18.80 86.9 1380 1389 -18.65 81.8 1370 1379 -18.56 88.3 1360 1369 -18.93 91.4 1350 1359 -19.23 83.9 1340 1349 -18.96 86.2 1330 1339 -18.80 86.6 1320 1329 -18.20 94.2 1310 1319 -18.54 88.3 1300 1309 -18.35 89.9 1290 1299 -18.46 85.1 1280 1289 -18.84 86.6 1270 1279 -18.62 93.8 1260 1269 -18.49 100.0 1250 1259 -18.12 108.0 1241 1249 -18.41 100.3 1230 1240 -18.71 101.8 1220 1229 -18.27 97.1 1210 1219 -18.54 97.4 1200 1209 -18.44 101.8 1190 1199 -18.31 107.6 1180 1189 -17.68 111.4 1170 1179 -17.81 121.6 1160 1169 -18.21 115.1 1151 1159 -17.54 128.8 1140 1150 -18.26 110.7 1131 1139 -18.24 113.2 1120 1130 -18.29 112.1 1110 1119 -18.57 105.5 1100 1109 -18.43 107.5 1090 1099 -18.50 108.5 1080 1089 -18.75 110.1 1070 1079 -18.03 120.5 1060 1069 -18.05 119.8 1050 1059 -18.45 114.7 1041 1049 -18.37 116.4 1030 1040 -18.41 111.1 1020 1029 -18.89 110.4 1010 1019 -18.71 111.1 1000 1009 -18.09 118.3 991 999 -18.06 113.1 980 990 -18.15 115.0 970 979 -18.07 113.1 960 969 -18.26 116.3 951 959 -18.49 109.6 940 950 -18.42 113.7 930 939 -18.33 111.5 920 929 -18.14 113.4 911 919 -18.73 104.6 901 910 -18.32 120.0 891 900 -18.52 112.0 881 890 -18.33 112.8 871 880 -18.31 116.3 860 870 -18.51 111.8 850 859 -18.66 106.3 840 849 -18.70 102.3 830 839 -18.62 107.3 821 829 -18.53 106.3 811 820 -18.55 103.1 800 810 -18.82 101.0 790 799 -18.19 126.1 780 789 -18.81 104.8 770 779 -18.61 106.0 760 769 -18.70 108.9 751 759 -19.04 101.6 740 750 -18.65 102.2 731 739 -18.58 104.9 719 730 -18.80 96.8 710 718 -18.82 101.1 701 709 -18.29 109.0 691 700 -18.84 109.8 681 690 -18.57 114.6 670 680 -18.97 100.5 661 669 -18.94 102.9 651 660 -18.80 109.8 639 650 -18.63 104.8 629 638 -18.48 122.5 619 628 -18.22 111.3 609 618 -18.96 99.6 601 608 -18.85 94.8 590 600 -18.38 106.6 582 589 -18.72 111.1 571 581 -18.26 108.9 563 570 -18.35 112.1 551 562 -18.42 106.4 540 550 -18.71 108.7 531 539 -18.58 108.5 520 530 -18.33 108.1 511 519 -18.33 107.3 499 510 -18.25 110.2 489 498 -18.35 111.6 480 488 -18.27 106.9 471 479 -18.30 106.9 462 470 -18.25 107.9 452 461 -18.01 106.7 440 451 -17.91 112.7 430 439 -17.97 113.1 420 429 -18.30 111.4 410 419 -18.03 118.2 401 409 -17.77 115.8 391 400 -18.08 112.7 381 390 -18.20 113.7 371 380 -18.08 111.8 361 370 -18.10 110.0 351 360 -18.23 110.8 340 350 -18.08 116.0 330 339 -18.30 108.4 323 329 -17.65 118.4 313 322 -18.11 107.7 303 312 -18.49 108.5 289 302 -18.57 118.8 279 288 -18.32 124.0 272 278 -18.49 112.0 261 271 -18.83 107.1 250 260 -18.63 107.4 238 249 -18.47 116.7 231 237 -18.45 109.6 223 230 -18.75 109.4 212 222 -18.39 107.4 200 211 -18.36 113.1