# Quelccaya Ice Cap, Peru 1800 Year Oxygen Isotope, Dust, and Major Ions Data #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # NOTE: Please cite original reference when using these data, # plus the Online Resource and date accessed. # # Online_Resource: http://hurricane.ncdc.noaa.gov/pls/paleox/f?p=519:1:::::P1_STUDY_ID:14174 # # Original_Source_URL: ftp://ftp.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/trop/quelccaya/quelccaya2013nd-decadal.txt # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Archive: Ice Cores #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2013-04-04 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Quelccaya Ice Cap, Peru 1800 Year Oxygen Isotope, Dust, and Major Ions Data #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Thompson, L.G.; Mosley-Thompson, E.; Davis, M.E.; Zagorodnov, V.S.; Howat, I.M.; Mikhalenko, V.N.; Lin, P.-N. #-------------------- # Description_and_Notes # Description: Oxygen Isotope, dust and major ions data from ice cores collected on the Quelccaya Ice Cap, Peru. # Data are at annual or decadal resolution for the past 1800 years. These new records are based on freshly cut ice samples; # previous Quelccaya data were measured on bottled water samples. # Included are Annual averages of d18O, net balance (accumulation), dust concentrations, and major ion concentrations # for the Quelccaya Summit Dome (QSD) core from thermal year 226/227 to 2009/2010 CE; # Decadal averages of d18O and net balance (accumulation) for the Quelccaya North Dome (QND) core # from thermal year 1000/1001 to 1999/2000 CE; Decadal averages of sea surface temperatures (SSTs) # in the NINO4 region from thermal year 230 to 2009/2010, reconstructed from the relationship between NINO4 SST # and QSD d18O as shown in Fig S5 in the Supplementary Materials, Thompson et al. 2013; Annual layer thicknesses # in Quelccaya Summit Dome core from thermal year 1000/1001 to 1899/1900 CE. These are not corrected for density or thinning. # Annual layer thicknesses were determined by seasonal variations in dust and d18O, measured from high dust concentration # and high d18O in successive dry seasons (austral winter). Also included are Huascaran d18O and NO3- data: # d18O and nitrate from Huascaran 1993 Core 2. Decadal averages from thermal year 830/831 to 1991/1992, # quasi-decadal averages from thermal year 200/201 to 829/830 CE. Huascaran decadal d18O data are from # Thompson et al. (2006) PNAS, vol 103, 10,536-10,543. # #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: L. G. Thompson, E. Mosley-Thompson, M. E. Davis, V. S. Zagorodnov, I. M. Howat, V. N. Mikhalenko, P.-N. Lin # Published_Date_or_Year: 2013-04-04 # Published_Title: Annually Resolved Ice Core Records of Tropical Climate Variability Over the Past ~1800 Years # Journal_Name: Science # Volume: # Edition: ScienceExpress 2013-04-04 # Issue: # Pages: # DOI: 10.1126/science.1234210 # Abstract: Ice cores from low latitudes can provide a wealth of unique information about past climate in the tropics, but they are difficult to recover and few exist. Here, we report annually resolved ice core records from the Quelccaya ice cap (5670 masl) in Peru which extend back ~1800 years and provide a high-resolution record of climate variability there. Oxygen isotopic ratios (d18O) are linked to sea-surface temperatures in the tropical eastern Pacific, while concentrations of ammonium and nitrate document the dominant role played by the migration of the Intertropical Convergence Zone in the region of the tropical Andes. Quelccaya continues to retreat and thin: Radiocarbon dates on wetland plants exposed along its retreating margins indicate it has not been smaller for at least six millennia. #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: US National Science Foundation # Grant: ATM-0318430 #------------------ # Site_Information # Site_Name: Quelccaya North Dome Ice Core # Location: South America>Peru # Country: Peru # Northernmost_Latitude: -13.9333 # Southernmost_Latitude: -13.9333 # Easternmost_Longitude: -70.8333 # Westernmost_Longitude: -70.8333 # Elevation: 5670 m #------------------ # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: Quelccaya2013NDdec # Earliest_Year: 1000 # Most_Recent_Year: 2003 # Time_Unit: AD # Core_Length: 128.57 m # Notes: #------------------ # Chronology: # # The Summit Dome core was dated by annual layer counting to 683 CE, and was constrained by # the 1600 CE Huaynaputina volcanic event. From 682 CE to 226 CE the core was dated using # the modeling approach described in the Supplemental Information accompanying the Science (2013) paper. # The North Dome core was dated by layer counting to 1395 CE, and was also constrained by the 1600 CE # Huaynaputina volcanic event. From 1395 CE to 1000 CE dating was accomplished by matching the # isotopic record to that of the Summit Dome core. # #---------------- # Variables # # Data variables follow (have no #) # Data line variables format: Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-longname-tab-longname components (9 components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, archive, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) # Quelccaya 2003 North Dome ice core # Decadal averages of d18O and net accumulation (Figure S3 Thompson et al. 2013) # The Quelccaya 1983 core data shown in Fig. S3 are archived at # http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/icecore/trop/quelccaya/quelccaya_data.html # Notes on the treatment of the 1983 Quelccaya data for the Thompson et al (2013) Science paper: # "(1) The 1983 Quelccaya accumulation values, presented as meters ice equivalent, were adjusted to water equivalent values using density of 0.92 kg/m3." # "(2) The decadal averages for the accumulation in the 1983 cores (Summit Core and Core 1) were calculated from years ending in ""1"" to years ending in ""0"" (e.g., 1971 to 1980)," # "whereas the decadal averages for the accumulation in the 2003 cores were calculated from years ending in ""0"" to years ending in ""9"" (e.g., 1970 to 1979)." # # * The interval 2000/2001-2002/2003 consists of only 3 data points in the average # This interval is not shown in fig. S3 # ## age_AD_bot Age (years AD) First thermal year of decade, , , AD, , , , ,N ## age_AD_top Age (years AD) Last thermal year of decade, , , AD, , , , ,N ## d18OiceSMOW delta18O ice, ice, , per mil SMOW, , , , ,N ## iceacc_m Ice accumulation rate, , , meters water equivalent, , , , ,N # #---------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing Values: age_AD_bot age_AD_top d18OiceSMOW iceacc_m 1990 1999 -16.67 1.432 1980 1989 -17.46 1.477 1970 1979 -18.46 1.228 1960 1969 -16.87 1.470 1950 1959 -17.76 1.413 1940 1949 -17.62 1.509 1930 1939 -17.64 1.419 1920 1929 -17.97 1.474 1910 1919 -17.80 1.289 1900 1909 -17.95 1.300 1890 1899 -18.64 1.367 1880 1889 -18.16 1.315 1870 1879 -18.39 1.512 1860 1869 -18.50 1.274 1850 1859 -18.53 1.130 1840 1849 -17.70 1.105 1830 1839 -18.31 1.118 1820 1829 -17.69 1.113 1810 1819 -20.31 1.203 1800 1809 -18.71 1.116 1790 1799 -18.22 1.026 1780 1789 -19.00 1.082 1770 1779 -19.06 1.070 1760 1769 -18.92 1.056 1750 1759 -19.28 1.140 1740 1749 -18.48 1.223 1730 1739 -19.10 1.228 1720 1729 -17.88 1.201 1710 1719 -18.40 1.267 1700 1709 -19.50 1.321 1690 1699 -18.70 1.353 1680 1689 -18.75 1.241 1670 1679 -19.52 1.664 1660 1669 -19.09 1.578 1650 1659 -18.19 1.619 1640 1649 -19.05 1.676 1630 1639 -17.93 1.676 1620 1629 -19.25 1.683 1610 1619 -18.80 1.599 1600 1609 -18.48 1.371 1590 1599 -18.27 1.656 1580 1589 -18.50 1.641 1570 1579 -19.31 1.617 1560 1569 -18.35 1.557 1550 1559 -18.67 1.506 1540 1549 -18.79 1.743 1530 1539 -17.87 1.476 1520 1529 -17.56 1.427 1510 1519 -18.25 1.381 1500 1509 -18.00 1.255 1490 1499 -17.95 1.510 1480 1489 -18.30 1.238 1470 1479 -18.73 1.218 1460 1469 -18.15 1.259 1450 1459 -17.66 1.168 1440 1449 -17.72 1.291 1430 1439 -18.20 1.197 1420 1429 -18.13 1.422 1410 1419 -17.95 1.385 1400 1409 -18.59 1.582 1390 1399 -17.83 1.305 1380 1389 -17.16 1.349 1370 1379 -16.73 0.745 1360 1369 -18.11 1.201 1350 1359 -18.96 1.064 1340 1349 -17.57 1.233 1330 1339 -17.26 0.953 1320 1329 -17.80 1.202 1310 1319 -18.73 0.857 1300 1309 -17.36 1.018 1290 1299 -18.56 1.061 1280 1289 -18.36 1.108 1270 1279 -19.14 1.349 1260 1269 -17.13 1.611 1250 1259 -18.34 1.050 1240 1249 -17.65 1.016 1230 1239 -17.49 1.124 1220 1229 -17.99 1.284 1210 1219 -17.98 1.138 1200 1209 -18.44 1.295 1190 1199 -18.60 1.243 1180 1189 -17.66 1.666 1170 1179 -17.82 1.478 1160 1169 -18.40 1.375 1150 1159 -17.63 1.451 1140 1149 -17.85 1.530 1130 1139 -18.35 1.029 1120 1129 -18.16 1.097 1110 1119 -17.53 1.316 1100 1109 -16.56 1.375 1090 1099 -18.22 1.905 1080 1089 -18.82 1.190 1070 1079 -18.98 1.336 1060 1069 -18.51 1.072 1050 1059 -17.81 1.668 1040 1049 -18.70 1.132 1030 1039 -17.20 1.384 1020 1029 -17.44 1.192 1010 1019 -18.21 1.887 1000 1009 -17.92 1.003