# Carleton Lake, Northwest Territories 6000yr Chironomid-inferred Temperature #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # # Online_Resource: http://hurricane.ncdc.noaa.gov/pls/paleox/f?p=519:1:::::P1_STUDY_ID:16296 # # Original_Source_URL: ftp://ftp.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/insecta/chironomidae/northamerica/canada/nwt/carleton2014cit.txt # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Archive: Climate Reconstructions #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2014-04-08 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Carleton Lake, Northwest Territories 6000yr Chironomid-inferred Temperature #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Upiter, L.M.; Vermaire, J.C.; Patterson, R.T.; Crann, C.A.; Galloway, J.M.; Macumber, A.L.; Neville, L.A.; Swindles, G.T.; Falck, H.; Roe, H.M.; Pisaric, M.F.J. #-------------------- # Description_and_Notes # Description: Fossil midges were processed following methods given in Walker (2001). Mean July air temperatures were estimated # using two separate transfer function models developed by Barley et al. (2006) and Porinchu et al. (2009). # # Table 2 The number of occurrences, Hill’s N2 diversity index, and the minimum (Min), Maximum (Max), mean and median chironomid relative abundances for the Carleton Lake sediment core # # Name Number of occurrences Hill's N2 Min Max Mean Median Temp inference # Chironomus 21 10 0 12 1 0 Incl # Cladopelma 16 8 0 13 1 0 Incl # Cladotanytarsus 10 5 0 11 1 0 Incl # Corynocera ambigua type 50 45 8 71 45 47 Incl # Cricotopus/Orthocladius 9 8 0 4 0 0 Incl # Cryptochironomus 13 11 0 3 0 0 Incl # Dicrotendipes 9 7 0 4 0 0 Incl # Endochironomus 4 3 0 2 0 0 Incl # Heterotanytarsus 10 7 0 2 0 0 Incl # Heterotrissocladius 18 14 0 3 1 0 Incl # Micropsectra 41 31 0 9 3 3 Incl # Microtendipes 33 20 0 11 3 2 Incl # Pagastiella 4 4 0 2 0 0 Incl # Paracladius 8 7 0 2 0 0 Incl # Paratanytarsus 33 26 0 5 2 1 Incl # Polypedilum 29 18 0 11 1 1 Incl # Procladius 46 34 0 12 4 3 Incl # Psectrocladius (Psectrocladius) 47 30 0 17 4 3 Incl # Psectrocladius calcaratus type 44 30 0 9 3 2 Incl # Sergentia 48 38 0 19 8 7 Incl # Tanytarsus 46 34 0 14 5 5 Incl # Zalutschia Type A 15 8 0 8 1 0 Incl # Zalutschia Type B 29 22 0 4 1 1 Incl # Chironomini indeterminable 38 30 0 4 1 1 Excl # Glyptotendipes 1 1 0 1 0 0 Excl # Orthocladiinae indeterminable 48 36 0 8 3 3 Excl # Paracricotopus 1 1 0 2 0 0 Excl # Psectrocladius (Mseopsectrocladius) 1 1 0 3 0 0 Excl # Pseudochironomus 1 1 0 1 0 0 Excl # Stempellinella-Zavrelia 1 1 0 2 0 0 Excl # Tanytarsini indeterminable 49 42 0 17 7 7 Excl # Indeterminable 48 34 0 14 5 5 Excl # # The Temp inference column indicates if the chironomid group was included (Incl) or excluded (Excl) # from the temperature inference model # # #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Lindsay M. Upiter, Jesse C. Vermaire, R. Timothy Patterson, Carley A. Crann, Jennifer M. Galloway, Andrew L. Macumber, Lisa A. Neville, Graeme T. Swindles, Hendrik Falck, Helen M. Roe, Michael F. J. Pisaric # Published_Date_or_Year: 2014-04-03 # Published_Title: Middle to late Holocene chironomid-inferred July temperatures for the central Northwest Territories, Canada # Journal_Name: Journal of Paleolimnology # Volume: # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: # DOI: 10.1007/s10933-014-9775-5 # Online_Resource: http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10933-014-9775-5 # Full_Citation: # Abstract: We analyzed subfossil chironomids, sediment organic matter and sediment particle size data from a 1.11-m-long freeze core collected from Carleton Lake (unofficial name), located approximately 120 km north of the modern treeline. This well-dated core spans the last ca. 6,500 years. Two chironomid transfer functions were applied to infer mean July air temperatures. Our results indicated that the chironomid-inferred temperatures from this lake sediment record did not pass a significance test, suggesting that other factors in addition to temperature may have been important in structuring the chironomid community through time. Although not statistically significant, the chironomid-inferred temperatures from this site do follow a familiar pattern, with highest inferred temperatures occurring during the Holocene Thermal Maximum (~6-4 cal kyr BP), followed by a long-term cooling trend, which is reversed during the last 600 years. The largest change in the chironomid assemblage, which occurred between ca. 4,600 and 3,900 cal yr BP is possibly related to the well-documented northward advance and subsequent retreat of treeline in this region. #------------------ # Publication # Authors: Walker, I.R. # Published_Date_or_Year: 2001 # Published_Title: Midges: Chironomidae and related Diptera. # Journal_Name: # Volume: # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: # DOI: # Online_Resource: # Full_Citation: Walker, I.R. 2001. Midges: Chironomidae and related Diptera. In: Smol, J.P., H.J.B. Birks, and W.M. Last (Eds.), Tracking Environmental Change Using Lake Sediments, Vol 4. Zoological Indicators. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, pp. 43-66. # Abstract: #------------------ # Publication # Authors: Erin M. Barley, Ian R. Walker, Joshua Kurek, Les C. Cwynar, Rolf W. Mathewes, Konrad Gajewski, Bruce P. Finney # Published_Date_or_Year: 2006-10-01 # Published_Title: A northwest North American training set: distribution of freshwater midges in relation to air temperature and lake depth # Journal_Name: Journal of Paleolimnology # Volume: 36 # Edition: # Issue: 3 # Pages: 295-314 # DOI: 10.1007/s10933-006-0014-6 # Online_Resource: http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10933-006-0014-6 # Full_Citation: # Abstract: Freshwater midges, consisting of Chironomidae, Chaoboridae and Ceratopogonidae, were assessed as a biological proxy for palaeoclimate in eastern Beringia. The northwest North American training set consists of midge assemblages and data for 17 environmental variables collected from 145 lakes in Alaska, British Columbia, Yukon, Northwest Territories, and the Canadian Arctic Islands. Canonical correspondence analyses (CCA) revealed that mean July air temperature, lake depth, arctic tundra vegetation, alpine tundra vegetation, pH, dissolved organic carbon, lichen woodland vegetation and surface area contributed significantly to explaining midge distribution. Weighted averaging partial least squares (WA-PLS) was used to develop midge inference models for mean July air temperature (r boot 2 = 0.818, RMSEP = 1.46C), and transformed depth (ln (x+1); r boot 2 = 0.38, and RMSEP = 0.58). #------------------ # Publication # Authors: David Porinchu, Nicolas Rolland, Katrina Moser # Published_Date_or_Year: 2009-02-01 # Published_Title: Development of a chironomid-based air temperature inference model for the central Canadian Arctic # Journal_Name: Journal of Paleolimnology # Volume: 41 # Edition: # Issue: 2 # Pages: 349-368 # DOI: 10.1007/s10933-008-9233-3 # Online_Resource: http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10933-008-9233-3 # Full_Citation: # Abstract: Subfossil midge remains were identified in surface sediment recovered from 88 lakes in the central Canadian Arctic. These lakes spanned five vegetation zones, with the southern-most lakes located in boreal forest and the northern-most lakes located in mid-Arctic tundra. The lakes in the calibration are characterized by ranges in depth, summer surface-water temperature (SSWT), average July air temperature (AJAT) and pH of 15.5 m, 10.60C, 8.40C and 3.69, respectively. Redundancy analysis (RDA) indicated that maximum depth, pH, AJAT, total nitrogen-unfiltered (TN-UF), Cl and Al capture a large and statistically significant fraction of the overall variance in the midge data. Inference models relating midge abundances and AJAT were developed using different approaches including: weighted averaging (WA), weighted averaging-partial least squares (WA-PLS) and partial least squares (PLS). A chironomid-based inference model, based on a two-component WA-PLS approach, provided robust performance statistics with a high coefficient of determination (r 2 = 0.77) and low root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP = 1.03C) and low maximum bias. The use of a high-resolution gridded climate data set facilitated the development of the midge-based inference model for AJAT in a region with a paucity of meteorological stations and where previously only the development of a SSWT inference model was possible. #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) # Grant: #------------------ # Site_Information # Site_Name: Carleton Lake # Location: North America>Canada>Northwest Territories # Country: Canada # Northernmost_Latitude: 64.2572 # Southernmost_Latitude: 64.2572 # Easternmost_Longitude: -110.1008 # Westernmost_Longitude: -110.1008 # Elevation: 420 m #------------------ # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: Carleton2014CIT # Earliest_Year: 5964 # Most_Recent_Year: -54 # Time_Unit: Cal. Year BP # Core_Length: m # Notes: #------------------ # Chronology: # # Table 1 Radiocarbon dates for the Carleton Lake single-faced core reported in years BP except UBA-18472, # which is reported as fraction modern carbon as it is younger than 1950 AD # # Sample ID Lab ID Depth (cm) 14C age (BP ± 1sigma) Calibrated age (cal BP ± 2sigma) # P49-1B-F1_0cm UBA-18472 0.0 ± 0.5 1.0264 ± 0.0035 1956 AD ± 1 # P49-1B-F1_10cm UBA-17934 10.0 ± 0.5 1046 ± 24 954 ± 29 # P49-1B-F1_19.5cm UBA-17347 19.5 ± 0.5 1925 ± 25 1874 ± 52 # P49-1B-F1_40cm UBA-17935 40.0 ± 0.5 2762 ± 35 2863 ± 83 # P49-1B-F1_64.5cm UBA-17348 64.5 ± 0.5 3675 ± 24 3939 ± 13 # 4022 ± 65 # P49-1B-F1_80cm UBA-17936 80.0 ± 0.5 4635 ± 32 5319 ± 15 # 5418 ± 47 # P49-1B-F1_100cm UBA-17349 100.0 ± 0.5 5663 ± 26 6448 ± 49 # # All dates use IntCal09 (Reimer et al. 2009) and Calib version 6.1.0 (Stuiver and Reimer 1993) for calibration, except UBA-18472, # which was calibrated using the NH_zone1.14c dataset (Hua and Barbetti 2004) and CALIBomb (Reimer et al. 2004) # # #---------------- # Variables # # Data variables follow are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Data line variables format: Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-longname-tab-longname components (9 components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, archive, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) # ##depth_cm depth, , , cm, , , , ,N ##age_calBP2010 age, , , calendar years before 2010 AD, , , , ,N ##temp-JulyB06 surface temperature, , , deg C, July, reconstruction, , based on Barley et al (2006) transfer function,N ##temp-JulyB06err surface temperature, , , deg C, July, reconstruction, , based on Barley et al (2006) transfer function,N ##temp-JulyP09 surface temperature, , , deg C, July, reconstruction, , based on Porinchu et al (2009) transfer function,N ##temp-JulyP09err surface temperature, , , deg C, July, reconstruction, , based on Porinchu et al (2009) transfer function,N # #---------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing Values: # depth_cm age_calBP2010 temp-JulyB06 temp-JulyB06err temp-JulyP09 temp-JulyP09err 0 6.1 12.49903 1.483073 12.528255 1.171948 0.5 52.6 11.87324 1.474065 11.721362 1.13177 1 99.2 12.18103 1.462497 11.843436 1.103947 1.5 145.8 11.84268 1.464051 12.217679 1.187556 2 192.4 11.84392 1.486857 11.628491 1.148808 2.5 238.9 12.52368 1.474557 12.192037 1.163865 3 285.5 11.20374 1.465848 11.25261 1.115859 3.5 332.1 11.52282 1.538664 11.778846 1.119167 4 378.7 11.91378 1.485711 11.932939 1.148038 4.5 425.2 11.60368 1.510085 9.8141 1.125067 5 471.8 11.19271 1.541488 12.654785 1.203003 5.5 518.4 11.38051 1.517907 11.335963 1.144155 6 565 10.70343 1.555799 9.703512 1.139629 6.5 611.5 10.47053 1.547496 12.119128 1.198247 7 658.1 11.06191 1.549936 11.374046 1.182298 7.5 704.7 11.13164 1.485639 11.745495 1.126257 8 751.2 11.66094 1.491643 12.181254 1.202304 8.5 797.8 11.90003 1.513513 13.1472 1.262776 9 844.4 11.41926 1.492402 10.968011 1.121167 9.5 891 11.1145 1.593933 9.275615 1.185162 10 937.5 11.23035 1.477631 10.676065 1.125599 11.5 1087.4 10.35468 1.50501 10.689212 1.137523 12.5 1187.4 11.00501 1.484351 10.605362 1.112019 14.5 1387.2 10.94193 1.461546 9.72426 1.103104 16 1537.1 10.23083 1.526798 8.985337 1.139947 17.5 1687 12.06695 1.496484 11.366807 1.09301 19 1836.9 11.02718 1.465322 11.072541 1.10165 20.5 1963.6 11.84534 1.46566 12.560517 1.158339 22 2043.6 11.52893 1.494843 11.184307 1.146082 25 2203.8 10.78438 1.50604 11.35274 1.156083 28 2363.9 11.67532 1.47932 11.510685 1.118527 31 2525.7 12.02729 1.463252 11.677113 1.120767 34 2690.7 11.10802 1.473572 10.813269 1.10111 37 2855.7 10.98103 1.490349 10.485751 1.132125 40 3020.6 11.5222 1.498984 11.528563 1.138007 43 3159.2 11.42021 1.49067 10.872396 1.110749 46.5 3320.8 11.86389 1.496412 12.171031 1.18682 48.5 3413.2 12.30004 1.477613 12.224314 1.146999 50 3482.5 11.55529 1.532266 11.875502 1.215292 55 3700.4 11.96315 1.524332 11.175181 1.211814 60 3918.3 12.2157 1.462804 12.201475 1.205768 62 4018.7 11.60503 1.503284 12.964513 1.159429 65 4169.4 11.93599 1.494699 11.89359 1.106712 67 4269.8 11.96749 1.451572 11.973318 1.169657 70 4420.5 12.43546 1.484731 12.453825 1.138991 72.5 4601.1 12.24365 1.478862 10.999494 1.183391 75 4781.7 12.24761 1.462676 10.937324 1.129563 80 5142.9 13.08027 1.476337 11.602363 1.191966 85 5583.6 11.99787 1.454597 11.705954 1.134999 90 6024.2 12.12661 1.46355 12.129142 1.166201