# Katbakkies Pass, South Africa Holocene Multiproxy Rock Hyrax Midden Data #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 3.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/28051 # Description: NOAA Landing Page # Online_Resource: http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/midden/africa/katbakkies2015pollen.txt # Description: NOAA location of the template # # Original_Source_URL: # Description: # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Archive: Other Collections # # Dataset DOI: # # Parameter_Keywords: #--------------------------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2019-10-25 #--------------------------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2019-10-25 #--------------------------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Katbakkies Pass, South Africa, Holocene rock hyrax midden microcharcoal record #--------------------------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Chase, B.M.; Lim, S.; Chevalier, M.; Boom, A.; Carr, A.S.; Meadows, M.E.; Reimer, P.J. #--------------------------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: Katbakkies Pass, South Africa Holocene rock hyrax midden microcharcoal, stable isotope, and pollen data. # Provided Keywords: Microcharcoal, Holocene, stable isotopes, hydroclimate, pollen #--------------------------------------- # Publication # Authors: Brian M. Chase, Sophak Lim, Manuel Chevalier, Arnoud Boom, Andrew S. Carr, Michael E. Meadows, Paula J. Reimer # Published_Date_or_Year: 2015-01-01 # Published_Title: Influence of tropical easterlies in southern Africa's winter rainfall zone during the Holocene # Journal_Name: Quaternary Science Reviews # Volume: 107 # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: 138-148 # Report Number: # DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2014.10.011 # Online_Resource: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0277379114003989 # Full_Citation: # Abstract: South Africa's southwestern Cape occupies a critical transition zone between Southern Hemisphere temperate (winter) and tropical (summer) moisture-bearing systems. In the recent geological past, it has been proposed that the relative influence of these systems may have changed substantially, but little reliable evidence regarding regional hydroclimates and rainfall seasonality exists to refine or substantiate the understanding of long-term dynamics. In this paper we present a mid-to late Holocene multi-proxy record of environmental change from a rock hyrax midden from Katbakkies Pass, located along the modern boundary between the winter and summer rainfall zones. Derived from stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes, fossil pollen and microcharcoal, these data provide a high resolution record of changes in humidity, and insight into changes in rainfall seasonality. Whereas previous work concluded that the site had generally experienced only subtle environmental change during the Holocene, our records indicate that significant, abrupt changes have occurred in the region over the last 7000 years. Contrary to expectations based on the site's location, these data indicate that the primary determinant of changes in humidity is summer rather than winter rainfall variability, and its influence on drought season intensity and/or length. These findings are consistent with independent records of upwelling along the southern and western coasts, which indicate that periods of increased humidity are related to increased tropical easterly flow. This substantially refines our understanding of the nature of temperate and tropical circulation system dynamics in SW Africa, and how changes in their relative dominance have impacted regional environments during the Holocene. #--------------------------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: European Research Council # Grant: "HYRAX"; grant 258657 #--------------------------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: The Leverhulme Trust # Grant: Fossilised Herbivore Middens: New Perspectives on SW African Climate Change #--------------------------------------- # Site Information # Site_Name: Katbakkies Pass # Location: Africa>Southern Africa>South Africa # Country: South Africa # Northernmost_Latitude: -32.896 # Southernmost_Latitude: -32.896 # Easternmost_Longitude: 19.561 # Westernmost_Longitude: 19.561 # Elevation: 1170 #--------------------------------------- # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: KB-3-1pollen # First_Year: 6793 # Last_Year: 795 # Time_Unit: cal yr BP # Core_Length: # Notes: #--------------------------------------- # Chronology_Information # Chronology: # # Labcode # depth_top # depth_bottom # depth_average # mat.dated # 14C.raw # 14C.raw_err # datemeth # Labcode depth_top depth_bottom depth_average mat.dated 14C.raw 14C.raw_err datemeth # TOP SECTION NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN # UBA-20657 8.93035545 14.46329307 11.69682426 hyraceum 1008 44 14C AMS # UBA-21362 83.47940964 86.39148204 84.93544584 hyraceum 2585 48 14C AMS # UBA-20658 167.25002654 172.00641154 169.62821904 hyraceum 3791 56 14C AMS # BOTTOM SECTION NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN # UBA-21363 0.117638920000005 3.64680646000001 1.88222269000001 hyraceum 3085 54 14C AMS # UBA-20660 91.75835604 96.46391274 94.11113439 hyraceum 3869 74 14C AMS # UBA-20661 154.57753824 160.34184524 157.45969174 hyraceum 4065 54 14C AMS # UBA-21364 216.45560914 219.39658204 217.92609559 hyraceum 4717 68 14C AMS # UBA-20662 284.68618154 288.92118264 286.80368209 hyraceum 6204 72 14C AMS # #--------------------------------------- # Variables # Data variables follow that are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-longname components (9 components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, archive, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) # ## sample sample,,,,,,,,C, ## depth_top_cm depth,,,centimeter,,pollen,,,N,depth at top of sample ## depth_bottom_cm depth,,,centimeter,,pollen,,,N,depth at bottom of sample interval ## depth_average_cm depth,,,centimeter,,pollen,,,N,average depth of sample interval ## age_BP age,,,calendar year before present,,pollen,Age as published,,N,age estimate of average depth of sample interval ## Acacia identified pollen, , , percent, ,pollen, ,,N,Acacia ## Aizoaceae identified pollen, , , percent, ,pollen, ,,N,Aizoaceae ## Aloe_type identified pollen, , , percent, ,pollen, ,,N,Aloe_type ## Rhus_type identified pollen, , , percent, ,pollen, ,,N,Rhus_type ## Anchusa_capensis identified pollen, , , percent, ,pollen, ,,N,Anchusa_capensis ## Anthospermum_type identified pollen, , , percent, ,pollen, ,,N,Anthospermum_type ## Apiaceae identified pollen, , , percent, ,pollen, ,,N,Apiaceae ## Asteraceae identified pollen, , , percent, ,pollen, ,,N,Asteraceae ## Berkheya identified pollen, , , percent, ,pollen, ,,N,Berkheya ## Canthium identified pollen, , , percent, ,pollen, ,,N,Canthium ## Celastraceae identified pollen, , , percent, ,pollen, ,,N,Celastraceae ## Chenopodiaceae_type identified pollen, , , percent, ,pollen, ,,N,Chenopodiaceae_type ## Cliffortia identified pollen, , , percent, ,pollen, ,,N,Cliffortia ## Crassulaceae identified pollen, , , percent, ,pollen, ,,N,Crassulaceae ## Cyperaceae identified pollen, , , percent, ,pollen, ,,N,Cyperaceae ## Dodonaea identified pollen, , , percent, ,pollen, ,,N,Dodonaea ## Ericaceae identified pollen, , , percent, ,pollen, ,,N,Ericaceae ## Euphorbiaceae identified pollen, , , percent, ,pollen, ,,N,Euphorbiaceae ## Fabaceae identified pollen, , , percent, ,pollen, ,,N,Fabaceae ## Felicia identified pollen, , , percent, ,pollen, ,,N,Felicia ## Hermannia identified pollen, , , percent, ,pollen, ,,N,Hermannia ## Leucadendron identified pollen, , , percent, ,pollen, ,,N,Leucadendron ## Lobostemon identified pollen, , , percent, ,pollen, ,,N,Lobostemon ## Malvaceae identified pollen, , , percent, ,pollen, ,,N,Malvaceae ## Menispermaceae identified pollen, , , percent, ,pollen, ,,N,Menispermaceae ## Moraceae identified pollen, , , percent, ,pollen, ,,N,Moraceae ## Myrica identified pollen, , , percent, ,pollen, ,,N,Myrica ## Myrothamnus identified pollen, , , percent, ,pollen, ,,N,Myrothamnus ## Myrsine identified pollen, , , percent, ,pollen, ,,N,Myrsine ## Myrtaceae identified pollen, , , percent, ,pollen, ,,N,Myrtaceae ## Pelargonium identified pollen, , , percent, ,pollen, ,,N,Pelargonium ## Pentzia_type identified pollen, , , percent, ,pollen, ,,N,Pentzia_type ## Phylica identified pollen, , , percent, ,pollen, ,,N,Phylica ## Poaceae identified pollen, , , percent, ,pollen, ,,N,Poaceae ## Podocarpus identified pollen, , , percent, ,pollen, ,,N,Podocarpus ## Polygala identified pollen, , , percent, ,pollen, ,,N,Polygala ## Proteaceae identified pollen, , , percent, ,pollen, ,,N,Proteaceae ## Restionaceae identified pollen, , , percent, ,pollen, ,,N,Restionaceae ## Rubiaceae identified pollen, , , percent, ,pollen, ,,N,Rubiaceae ## Rutaceae identified pollen, , , percent, ,pollen, ,,N,Rutaceae ## Santalaceae identified pollen, , , percent, ,pollen, ,,N,Santalaceae ## Scrophulariaceae identified pollen, , , percent, ,pollen, ,,N,Scrophulariaceae ## Solanaceae identified pollen, , , percent, ,pollen, ,,N,Solanaceae ## Stoebe_type identified pollen, , , percent, ,pollen, ,,N,Stoebe_type ## Tamarix identified pollen, , , percent, ,pollen, ,,N,Tamarix ## Passerina identified pollen, , , percent, ,pollen, ,,N,Passerina # #------------------------ # Data # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing Value: Please contact Principal Investigator Brian Chase to obtain these data