# Comparison of published versus recalibrated age models for Makkasar Strait (MD2177), Indonesia #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # NOTE: Please cite original publication, online resource and date accessed when using this data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigator, title, online resource and date accessed. # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/21731 # Description: NOAA Landing Page # Online_Resource: http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/pages2k/dixon2017australasia/dixon2017md2177.txt # Description: NOAA location of the template # # Original_Source_URL: http://hurricane.ncdc.noaa.gov/pls/paleox/f?p=519:1:::::P1_STUDY_ID:5534 # Description: # # Archive: Foraminifera d18O, Mg/Ca # # Parameter_Keywords: #--------------------------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2017-12-12 #--------------------------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2017-12-12 #--------------------------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Comparison of published versus recalibrated age models for Makkasar Strait (MD2177), Indonesia #--------------------------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Dixon, Bronwyn C.; Tyler, Jonathan J.; Lorrey, Andrew M; Goodwin, Ian D; Gergis, Joelle; Drysdale, Russell N #--------------------------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: # Provided Keywords: age modelling, Bayesian #--------------------------------------- # Publication # Authors: Dixon, Bronwyn C.; Tyler, Jonathan J.; Lorrey, Andrew M; Goodwin, Ian D; Gergis, Joelle; Drysdale, Russell N # Published_Date_or_Year: 2017 # Published_Title: Low-resolution Australasian palaeoclimate records of the last 2000 years # Journal_Name: Climate of the Past # Volume: # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: # Report Number: # DOI: # Online_Resource: # Full_Citation: # Abstract: Non-annually resolved palaeoclimate records in the Australasian region were compiled to facilitate investigations of decadal to centennial climate variability over the past 2000 years. A total of 661 lake/wetland, geomorphic, marine, and speleothem records were identified and then assessed against a set of a priori criteria based on temporal resolution, record length, dating methods, and confidence of the proxy-climate relationship over the Common Era. A high quality subset of 22 records across Australasia met the criteria and they are endorsed for subsequent analyses. New chronologies based on progressive Bayesian techniques were constructed for the high quality records to ensure a consistent approach to age modelling and quantification of age uncertainties. Chronological uncertainty was the primary reason why records did not meet the selection criteria. Despite present limitations, existing proxies and reconstruction techniques that successfully capture climate variability in the region show potential to address spatial gaps and expand the range of climate variables covering the last 2000 years from the Australasian region. #--------------------------------------- # Publication # Authors: Newton A; Thunell R; Stott L # Published_Date_or_Year: 2006 # Published_Title: Climate and hydrographic variability in the Indo pacific Warm Pool during the last millennium # Journal_Name: Geophysical Research Letters # Volume: 33 # Edition: # Issue: 19 # Pages: L19710 # Report Number: # DOI: L19710 10.1029/2006gl027234 # Online_Resource: # Full_Citation: Newton, A., Thunell, R. & Stott, L. 2006. Climate and hydrographic variability in the Indo-Pacific Warm Pool during the last millennium. Geophysical Research Letters, 33. # Abstract: Planktonic foraminiferal Mg/Ca and delta(18)O derived sea surface temperature and salinity records from the Makassar Strait, Indonesia, show a long-term cooling and freshening trend, as well as considerable centennial-scale variability during the last millennium. The warmest temperatures and highest salinities occurred during the Medieval Warm Period (MWP), while the coolest temperatures and lowest salinities occurred during the Little Ice Age (LIA). These changes in the western Pacific, along with observations from other high resolution records indicate a regionally coherent southern displacement of the Inter-tropical Convergence Zone during the LIA, with more arid conditions in the northern tropics and wetter conditions in the southern tropics. #--------------------------------------- # Publication # Authors: Geology # Published_Date_or_Year: # Published_Title: 2011 # Journal_Name: 39 # Volume: 1 # Edition: 63-66 # Issue: # Pages: 10.1130/g31421.1 # Report Number: # DOI: The Indonesian Throughflow (ITF) is the only low-latitude conduit for exchange of surface and thermocline waters between the Indian and Pacific Oceans; 80% of the ITF waters pass through the Makassar Strait. The flux of heat and salt through the strait is, in part, a function of the density difference between its southern and northern ends. Here the Mg/Ca and stable oxygen isotope compositions of the planktonic foraminifer Globigerinoides ruber sampled from two sediment cores collected at the northern and southern ends of the Makassar Strait are used to reconstruct surface-water temperature (SST), sea-surface salinity (SSS), and seawater density variability over the past 2000 yr. Maximum SST and SSS occurred at both sites between 850 and 700 yr ago, coinciding with the Medieval Solar Maximum and Medieval Warm Period (ca. 1000-700 yr ago). SST and SSS declined at both locations after 700 yr ago and reached minimum values during the Little Ice Age, between 300 and 100 yr ago. However, the magnitude of SST and SSS change over the past 2000 yr was distinctly different between the two sites, especially during the period between 2000 and 900 yr ago. This led to changes in the south to north density gradient within the Makassar Strait. Specifically, the time interval from ca. 2000 to 800 yr ago was marked predominantly by higher densities at the northern end relative to the southern end of the strait, suggesting reduced heat flux from the Pacific to the Indian Ocean. This is consistent with previous work showing that this time interval was also marked by frequent El Nino conditions. Conversely, the period from ca. 800 to 300 yr ago, including the LIA, was marked by frequent periods when surface density was higher at the southern end of the strait, indicative of enhanced heat flux to the Indian Ocean. # Online_Resource: Newton, A., Thunell, R. & Stott, L. 2011. Changes in the Indonesian Throughflow during the past 2000 yr. Geology, 39, 63-66. # Full_Citation: # Abstract: #--------------------------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: # Grant: #--------------------------------------- # Site Information # Site_Name: Makassar Strait # Location: # Country: # Northernmost_Latitude: 1.4 # Southernmost_Latitude: 1.4 # Easternmost_Longitude: 119.08 # Westernmost_Longitude: 119.08 # Elevation: -968 #--------------------------------------- # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: MD98-2177 # First_Year: 1949 # Last_Year: -42 # Time_Unit: cal yr BP # Core_Length: 142 # Notes: #--------------------------------------- # Chronology_Information # Chronology: # All dates include a reservoir age of 75 +/- 80 years, Ages from Newton et al. (2011). Age model for core 2177 has been updated in Khider et al 2011 # Lab ID 95299 100234 100235 100236 # Dated material mixed G. Sacculifer and G. ruber mixed G. Sacculifer and G. ruber mixed G. Sacculifer and G. ruber mixed G. Sacculifer and G. ruber mixed G. Sacculifer and G. ruber # depth_top (mm) 0 500 940 1300 2000 # age14C (bp) 570 1110 1745 2260 3460 # age_error (years) 45 60 45 45 45 # calibrated age (cal BP) 60 605 1220 1790 3240 # 2-sigma error of cal age (years) 51 69.5 82.5 100.5 NaN # notes Age uncertainty from Khider et al 2011 Age uncertainty from Khider et al 2011 Age uncertainty from Khider et al 2011 Age uncertainty from Khider et al 2011 NaN # #--------------------------------------- # Variables # Data variables follow that are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-longname components (9 components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, archive, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) ## Depth (cm) ,Depth,NA,,cm,NA,NA,,NA,N ## BACON0.05CI ,5% confidence interval age as calculated in BACON age modelling software,NA,,years before present (present=1950CE),NA,NA,,NA,N ## BACON0.95CI ,95% confidence interval age as calculated in BACON age modelling software,NA,,years before present (present=1950CE),NA,NA,,NA,N ## BACONmedian ,median sample age as calculated in BACON age modelling software,NA,,years before present (present=1950CE),NA,NA,,NA,N ## BACONwmean ,weighted mean age as calculated in BACON age modelling software,NA,,years before present (present=1950CE),NA,NA,,NA,N ## Mg/Ca ,Ratio of Mg to Ca,Globigerinoides ruber ,1s analytical precision >1.0% ,mmol/mol,Jun-Sep,foraminifera,,Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry,N ## d18Ocalcite ,d18O of foraminifera tests,Globigerinoides ruber ,standard reproducibility ±0.07% ,per mil VPDB,Jun-Sep,foraminifera,,Isotope ratio mass spectrometry,N #------------------------ # Data # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing Value: NA Core MD98-2177 Depth (cm) BACON0.05CI BACON0.95CI BACONmedian BACONwmean Mg/Ca d18Ocalcite 0 -48 38 -32 -25 4.947 -2.99489 1 -44 55 -19 -12 5.114 -2.875 2 -38 70 -5 1 4.98 -2.90368 3 -29 87 9 14 5.031 -2.84071 4 -22 103 23 28 5.035 -2.92008 5 -11 115 35 41 5.125 -2.86777 6 -1 135 49 54 5.017 -2.91711 7 8 149 62 67 4.703 -2.92286 8 18 163 76 81 4.962 -3.03571 9 29 179 90 94 5.091 -2.9815 10 41 195 103 108 4.823 -2.91298 11 52 209 115 120 4.509 -2.95869 12 64 225 128 134 4.812 -2.98731 13 74 239 142 147 4.893 -3.02084 14 84 254 155 161 4.886 -2.92017 15 97 270 170 175 4.952 -3.0945 16 109 286 183 189 4.819 -2.9966 17 123 303 198 203 4.786 -3.03635 18 132 316 211 217 4.799 -3.02578 19 145 332 226 230 4.55 -2.59707 20 156 347 240 244 4.827 -2.8715 21 166 362 255 258 4.663 -2.94635 22 178 376 268 272 5.208 -3.02138 23 192 389 282 286 5.018 -3.03353 24 206 406 295 300 5.091 -3.0282 25 218 421 310 314 4.961 -3.08692 26 230 435 324 327 4.785 -3.00857 27 242 450 339 342 NA -3.09013 28 255 468 352 356 5.016 -3.02313 29 271 482 367 370 4.921 -2.96774 30 284 492 382 384 4.911 -2.81585 31 295 508 395 397 5.07 -3.0647 32 308 524 409 411 5.061 -2.72963 33 320 539 422 425 4.864 -3.0507 34 333 554 437 439 5.166 -2.72908 35 346 567 450 453 4.785 -2.96351 36 361 587 464 467 5.061 -2.822 37 371 605 477 481 4.89 -3.06142 38 386 616 492 495 5.282 -2.9389 39 401 628 505 509 5.326 -3.01519 40 414 644 518 522 5.128 -2.96358 41 428 658 532 536 4.8 -3.04543 42 438 676 546 550 4.87 -2.8826 43 453 690 561 564 5.257 NA 44 467 703 575 578 5.024 -2.85349 45 483 719 588 592 5.228 -2.75421 46 496 730 601 606 5.148 -2.87407 47 509 744 616 620 5.287 -3.02854 48 524 758 629 634 5.032 -2.98632 49 540 775 642 648 4.744 -3.05128 50 551 791 654 661 5.133 -2.93196 51 562 806 669 676 4.947 -2.98849 52 576 820 684 690 5.056 -2.93054 53 591 840 699 706 5.046 -3.09771 54 607 854 715 721 4.969 -2.99156 55 619 873 730 736 4.577 -2.93996 56 633 887 745 750 5.255 -2.90978 57 647 904 761 765 4.804 -2.91422 58 660 920 775 780 4.91 -2.79318 59 675 935 789 795 5.121 -3.0839 60 688 950 804 810 5.414 -2.64814 61 701 965 821 825 5.212 -3.07887 62 716 983 835 840 5.152 -3.02289 63 730 998 851 855 4.883 -3.07599 64 743 1012 864 870 4.904 -2.76541 65 758 1026 879 884 5.427 -2.99972 66 771 1044 895 899 5.221 -2.81676 67 786 1059 910 914 4.951 -3.16421 68 796 1076 925 928 4.869 -2.71685 69 815 1092 940 944 5.17 -3.10855 70 826 1109 954 958 5.146 -2.66997 71 845 1126 968 974 4.92 -2.89151 72 859 1143 983 988 5.168 -2.8955 73 873 1156 999 1004 5.25 -2.72181 74 889 1172 1013 1019 5.23 -2.87403 75 905 1187 1027 1033 5.419 -3.13671 76 915 1204 1041 1048 5.361 -2.87466 77 929 1217 1057 1062 5.078 -3.16527 78 946 1233 1072 1078 5.019 -2.71301 79 964 1252 1087 1093 4.994 -2.85366 80 979 1269 1102 1108 5.244 NA 82 1006 1302 1132 1138 4.963 -2.89687 84 1035 1330 1160 1167 4.766 -2.77488 86 1064 1360 1188 1196 4.9 NA 88 1095 1387 1217 1226 4.66 -2.85303 90 1124 1418 1247 1255 5.044 -2.84894 92 1155 1449 1275 1284 5.123 NA 94 1185 1478 1304 1313 5.17 -2.62765 96 1218 1515 1336 1346 5.04 -2.77626 98 1249 1551 1370 1379 5.145 -2.8003 100 1277 1582 1401 1411 5.34 -2.75326 102 1313 1621 1434 1445 4.965 -2.86584 104 1344 1657 1465 1477 5.07 -2.88567 106 1375 1690 1497 1509 5.257 -2.89041 108 1405 1722 1529 1541 4.975 -2.81067 110 1435 1760 1562 1574 5.093 -2.79102 112 1466 1798 1597 1608 5.024 -2.96612 114 1498 1835 1631 1643 4.755 -2.83483 116 1529 1869 1667 1678 5.052 NA 118 1564 1901 1703 1714 5.052 -2.95412 120 1597 1937 1739 1749 5.089 -2.74388 122 1626 1973 1773 1783 4.908 -2.83711 124 1662 2007 1808 1818 4.932 -2.90537 126 1699 2046 1845 1855 4.861 -2.93058 128 1738 2079 1879 1890 4.894 -2.8245 130 1770 2114 1915 1926 4.941 -2.88752 132 1805 2155 1953 1963 5.071 -2.7362 134 1842 2191 1992 2001 NA -2.74412 136 1873 2237 2031 2039 4.929 -2.96304 138 1909 2279 2069 2078 5.547 -2.90094 140 1945 2318 2107 2117 5.056 -2.98701