# Subpolar North Atlantic Planktic and Benthic Foraminiferal Isotope and Abundance Records during the last 1,200 years #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 4.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite original publication, NOAA Landing Page URL, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. # If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, study title, NOAA Landing Page URL, and date accessed. # # Description/Documentation lines begin with '#' followed by a space # Data lines have no '#' # # NOAA_Landing_Page: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/38185 # Landing_Page_Description: NOAA Landing Page of this file's parent study, which includes all study metadata. # # Study_Level_JSON_Metadata: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/json/noaa-ocean-38185.json # Study_Level_JSON_Description: JSON metadata of this data file's parent study, which includes all study metadata. # # Data_Type: Paleoceanography # # Dataset_DOI: 10.25921/y4ze-v512 # # Science_Keywords: #--------------------------------------- # Resource_Links # # Data_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/paleocean/atlantic/lu2023/lu2023-en539_mc14a_iso-noaa.txt # Data_Download_Description: NOAA Template File; d13C and d18O Data # #--------------------------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2023-08-30 #--------------------------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2025-05-27 #--------------------------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Subpolar North Atlantic Planktic and Benthic Foraminiferal Isotope and Abundance Records during the last 1,200 years #--------------------------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Lu, Wanyi #--------------------------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: #--------------------------------------- # Publication # Authors: Lu, W., Oppo, D.W., Gebbie, G., Thornalley, D. # Published_Date_or_Year: 2023-11-16 # Published_Title: Surface climate signals transmitted rapidly to deep North Atlantic throughout last millennium # Journal_Name: Science # Volume: 382 # Edition: # Issue: 6672 # Pages: 834-839 # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1126/science.adf1646 # Online_Resource: # Full_Citation: # Abstract: Instrumental observations of subsurface ocean warming imply that ocean heat uptake has slowed 20th-century surface warming. We present high-resolution records from subpolar North Atlantic sediments that are consistent with instrumental observations of surface and deep warming/freshening and in addition reconstruct the surface-deep relation of the last 1200 years. Sites from ~1300 meters and deeper suggest an ~0.5 degrees celsius cooling across the Medieval Climate Anomaly to Little Ice Age transition that began ~1350 ± 50 common era (CE), whereas surface records suggest asynchronous cooling onset spanning ~600 years. These data suggest that ocean circulation integrates surface variability that is transmitted rapidly to depth by the Atlantic Meridional Ocean Circulation, implying that the ocean moderated Earth’s surface temperature throughout the last millennium as it does today. #--------------------------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: US National Science Foundation # Grant: OCE-2031929, OCE-1304291, OCE-2114579 #--------------------------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution # Grant: Edna McConnell Clark Foundation Fund, Weston Howland Jr. Postdoctoral Scholarship #--------------------------------------- # Site_Information # Site_Name: EN539_MC14A # Location: North Atlantic Ocean # Northernmost_Latitude: 61.35 # Southernmost_Latitude: 61.35 # Easternmost_Longitude: -20.35 # Westernmost_Longitude: -20.35 # Elevation_m: -2274 #--------------------------------------- # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: EN539_MC14A_iso # First_Year: 1452 # Last_Year: 2007 # Time_Unit: year Common Era # Core_Length_m: # Parameter_Keywords: carbon isotopes, oxygen isotopes # Notes: #--------------------------------------- # Chronology_Information # Chronology: Radiocarbon # Chronology_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/templates/noaa-wds-paleo-14c-terms.csv # Chronology_Download_Description: Radiocarbon terms and definitions. # Chronology_Notes: Each radiocarbon date represents an average of 100 – 450 individuals of G. bulloides, picked from the > 250 or > 300 μm size fractions. # Rejection_Rationale: # Reservoir_Method: regional marine radiocarbon reservoir age correction ΔR = -108 and uncertainty of 40 years # Calibration_Method: Marine20 using Calib8.20 # Age_Model_Method: Bacon # Missing_Values: # Chronology_Table: # core_id depth_cm lab_code frac_mod frac_mod_1s age_14C_BP1950 age_14C_1s_yr age_calib_CE age_calib_pos2s_CE age_calib_neg2s_CE calib_curve delta_R_yr delta_R_uncert_yr notes # MC14A 0.25 OS-112771 1.0322 0.0023 2007 Marine20 -108 40 14C age > Modern and assigned as 2007 CE # MC14A 15.75 OS-113036 0.9311 0.0022 575 20 1808 1678 1950 Marine20 -108 40 # MC14A 23.75 OS-117755 0.9155 0.0018 710 15 1667 1504 1837 Marine20 -108 40 # MC14A 31.25 OS-113334 0.8794 0.0019 1030 20 1389 1275 1511 Marine20 -108 40 #--------------------------------------- # Variables # PaST_Thesaurus_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/skos/past-thesaurus.rdf # PaST_Thesaurus_Download_Description: Paleoenvironmental Standard Terms (PaST) Thesaurus terms, definitions, and relationships in SKOS format. # # Data variables follow that are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-var components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, data type, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) # ## Depth depth,,,centimeter,,Paleoceanography,,,N, ## Age age,,,year Common Era,,Paleoceanography,,,N, ## d13C.cw delta 13C,Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi,,per mil,,Paleoceanography,,,N, ## d18O.cw delta 18O,Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi,,per mil,,Paleoceanography,,,N, ## d13C.gb delta 13C,Globigerina bulloides,,per mil,,Paleoceanography,,,N, ## d18O.gb delta 18O,Globigerina bulloides,,per mil,,Paleoceanography,,,N, ## d13C.gi delta 13C,Globorotalia inflata,,per mil,,Paleoceanography,,,N, ## d18O.gi delta 18O,Globorotalia inflata,,per mil,,Paleoceanography,,,N, ## count.ou Orbulina universa,,,count per gram,,Paleoceanography,,,N, #------------------------ # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing_Values: Depth Age d13C.cw d18O.cw d13C.gb d18O.gb d13C.gi d18O.gi count.ou 0.25 2007.036 0.979 2.752 -0.742 1.384 0.548 1.896 5.39 0.25 2007.036 0.933 2.755 0.75 2000.202 0.617 2.857 -0.402 1.64 0.503 1.681 5.067 1.25 1993.79 -0.854 1.433 0.591 1.742 2.404 1.25 1993.79 -0.674 1.487 1.75 1987.181 -0.582 1.554 0.546 1.872 1.095 1.75 1987.181 -0.819 1.367 2.25 1980.508 -0.648 1.567 0.747 1.902 0.211 2.25 1980.508 -0.74 1.32 2.36753 1978.96 0.808 2.63 -0.844 1.51 2.36753 1978.96 0.768 2.734 2.37 1978.96 4.498 2.44931 1977.887 4.105 2.695665 1974.582 0.712 2.737 -0.567 1.828 2.695665 1974.582 0.966 2.778 2.7 1974.582 0.628 1.775 3.548 2.75 1973.891 -1.009 1.374 0.769 1.95 0.641 2.75 1973.891 -0.654 1.602 2.86 1972.499 2.329 2.99 1970.778 0.384 1.74 2.992299 1970.778 0.98 2.791 -0.586 1.566 1.284 2.992299 1970.778 1.155 2.84 3.21 1967.948 1.267 3.25 1967.401 -0.222 1.614 1.044 1.884 0.443 3.39 1965.465 0.659 1.979 3.391291 1965.465 0.881 2.897 -0.337 1.786 1.273 3.66 1961.762 0.884 3.75 1960.616 -0.292 1.635 0.979 1.953 0.206 3.776123 1960.27 0.743 2.956 -0.307 1.68 3.78 1960.27 0.719 1.673 0.495 4.03 1957.026 1.581 4.1 1956.046 0.876 1.812 4.104446 1956.046 0.773 2.757 0.117 1.894 0.709 4.25 1954.167 -0.23 1.759 0.867 1.91 0.497 4.457773 1951.366 0.538 4.476992 1951.109 1.011 2.952 -0.195 1.695 4.476992 1951.109 1.034 2.87 -0.004 1.799 4.48 1951.109 0.684 1.908 0.455 4.75 1947.47 1.176 2.995 -0.094 1.835 0.428 1.828 0.85 4.859317 1946.025 1.15 2.839 0.071 1.917 4.859317 1946.025 1.329 2.925 4.86 1946.025 0.683 1.951 0.277 4.88 1945.72 0.699 5.17 1941.921 0.902 1.977 5.170074 1941.921 0.99 2.93 -0.159 1.612 0.409 5.170074 1941.921 1.172 2.914 5.25 1940.817 1.241 2.783 -0.265 1.791 0.7 1.837 0.394 5.272715 1940.499 0.271 5.559736 1936.632 0.944 2.818 -0.191 1.52 0.869 5.56 1936.632 0.372 1.711 5.67 1935.109 0.688 5.75 1934.072 -0.432 1.616 0.8 1.919 0.795 5.89 1932.158 0.567 1.749 1.02 5.891644 1932.158 1.444 2.851 -0.353 1.68 5.891644 1932.158 -0.106 2.197 6.03224 1930.505 1.119 6.25 1927.642 -0.491 1.423 0.8 1.827 0.717 6.32 1926.327 0.657 1.911 6.321193 1926.327 1.309 3.032 -0.505 1.482 0.591 6.321193 1926.327 0.896 2.917 -0.423 1.569 6.321193 1926.327 1.129 3.013 6.321193 1926.327 1.101 2.911 6.36 1925.401 2.437 6.709239 1919.829 -0.051 1.77 0.545 6.71 1919.829 0.943 1.89 6.75 1919.39 -0.03 1.714 0.935 1.9 0.556 6.769236 1919.25 1.976 7.167394 1912.727 1.23 2.877 0.054 1.906 7.167394 1912.727 1.121 2.923 7.17 1912.727 1.094 1.866 0.785 7.239516 1911.111 2.07 7.25 1910.984 -0.117 1.657 0.978 2.017 0.318 7.642462 1904.22 0.84 7.655909 1904.033 1.006 2.905 7.66 1904.033 0.563 7.75 1902.419 1.34 2.789 -0.174 1.678 0.987 1.888 0.526 8.12 1895.512 0.748 8.2 1894.201 0.993 1.843 8.20481 1894.201 0.827 2.789 -0.221 1.652 0.54 8.20481 1894.201 0.98 2.837 8.25 1893.353 -0.567 1.54 0.994 1.836 0.434 8.538873 1888.154 1.162 2.785 -0.203 1.484 8.54 1888.154 0.913 1.676 8.556367 1887.976 0.538 8.75 1885.377 -0.279 1.746 0.951 2.008 0.496 9.127942 1879.252 1.365 2.782 -0.24 1.726 9.13 1879.252 1.051 1.857 9.154347 1878.673 0.673 9.25 1877.151 -0.446 1.56 1.065 1.989 0.483 9.574439 1872.453 0.655 9.61 1872.127 0.74 1.707 9.611578 1872.127 1.164 2.795 -0.261 1.454 9.75 1870.228 -0.166 1.654 1.009 2.023 0.443 10.01612 1865.04 0.527 10.11882 1862.958 1.037 2.825 -0.133 1.939 10.12 1862.958 0.799 1.776 10.25 1861.562 -0.107 1.737 1.171 1.962 0.348 10.47732 1856.854 0.367 10.69996 1853.387 1.346 2.963 -0.583 1.679 10.7 1853.387 0.97 1.798 10.75 1852.798 -0.248 1.782 0.636 1.888 0.398 10.93881 1849.68 0.505 11.06 1847.281 1.132 1.798 11.06269 1847.281 1.232 2.744 -0.17 1.729 11.25 1844.486 1.204 2.739 -0.361 1.697 0.957 1.865 0.277 11.43676 1841.673 0.34 11.53 1840.615 1.009 1.774 11.53277 1840.615 0.971 2.848 0.248 1.682 11.75 1837.603 -0.104 1.503 0.987 2.078 0.215 11.98118 1833.36 0.583 11.99 1833.199 0.773 1.697 11.99124 1833.199 1.316 2.788 -0.287 1.541 12.25 1829.475 1.001 2.82 -0.081 1.777 0.917 1.833 0.214 12.45 1825.712 1.011 1.866 12.45429 1825.712 1.085 2.852 -0.156 1.673 12.45744 1825.665 0.444 12.75 1820.995 -0.213 1.631 0.926 1.848 0.327 12.95817 1817.191 1.471 2.791 -0.025 1.692 12.96 1817.191 1.204 1.862 12.97941 1816.941 0.365 13.25 1812.707 -0.286 1.656 0.975 1.691 0.142 13.49 1808.02 1.137 1.877 13.49435 1808.02 0.999 2.718 -0.165 1.609 13.51621 1807.605 0.749 13.75 1803.369 1.071 2.734 -0.085 1.71 0.722 1.856 0.354 14.00769 1799.944 1.127 2.766 0.051 1.671 14.01 1799.944 0.802 1.835 14.07952 1798.621 0.413 14.25 1796.32 -0.152 1.864 0.879 1.887 0.522 14.52 1791.604 0.973 1.746 14.52459 1791.604 1.259 2.838 0.011 1.742 14.59551 1790.506 0.328 14.75 1787.237 -0.273 1.634 1.13 1.818 0.436 15.05 1782.688 1.062 1.776 15.05144 1782.688 1.133 2.764 -0.154 1.338 15.14014 1781.562 0.466 15.25 1780.091 -0.079 1.616 0.886 1.795 0.1 15.57627 1775.182 1.225 2.901 -0.373 1.406 15.58 1775.182 0.956 1.799 15.69536 1773.116 0.457 15.75 1771.897 -0.278 1.604 1.074 1.914 0.225 16.13 1764.912 0.924 1.954 16.13365 1764.912 -0.446 1.601 16.24548 1762.535 0.616 16.25 1762.437 -0.637 1.46 0.63 1.776 0.269 16.62696 1756.402 1.202 2.849 -0.271 1.632 16.63 1756.402 0.991 1.766 16.75 1754.506 -0.123 1.635 1.081 1.907 0.071 16.86 1752.807 0.412 17.10595 1749.294 -0.537 1.522 17.11 1749.294 0.984 1.954 17.25 1746.61 1.344 2.7 -0.311 1.568 0.901 1.806 0.213 17.34 1745.391 0.401 17.60742 1741.53 -0.47 1.413 17.61 1741.53 0.845 1.813 17.75 1739.246 1.114 2.715 -0.199 1.723 0.95 1.644 0.189 17.88 1736.588 0.275 18.12 1731.811 1.019 1.853 18.12302 1731.811 1.083 2.759 -0.372 1.56 18.25 1729.775 0.176 1.528 1.174 1.743 0.309 18.44 1726.596 0.265 18.60752 1724.639 0.983 2.806 -0.4 1.327 18.61 1724.639 1.282 1.922 18.75 1722.252 -0.392 1.507 0.875 1.661 0.161 19.01 1717.506 0.443 19.1453 1714.825 -0.132 1.688 19.15 1714.825 0.998 1.896 19.25 1712.308 -0.127 1.574 0.95 1.845 0.479 19.62 1704.928 0.345 19.68833 1703.289 -0.165 1.591 19.69 1703.289 1.062 1.85 19.75 1701.922 1.179 2.7 0.968 1.988 0.261 20.10487 1695.046 0.747 20.23628 1692.378 0.155 1.754 20.24 1692.378 1.12 1.891 20.25 1692.149 -0.07 1.595 0.489 20.25 1692.149 -0.191 1.462 20.67468 1684.039 0.371 20.75 1682.242 -0.448 1.589 1.075 1.851 0.434 20.78589 1681.297 0.684 2.735 0.132 1.746 20.79 1681.297 0.708 1.698 21.25 1671.906 -0.169 1.695 0.732 1.781 0.73 21.33 1670.475 0.258 21.34943 1670.162 1.35 2.867 0.078 1.837 21.35 1670.162 0.792 1.636 21.75 1663.32 -0.218 1.761 0.92 1.77 0.204 21.86565 1661.17 0.277 21.93 1659.913 0.956 1.862 21.93419 1659.913 1.107 2.612 -0.396 1.278 22.25 1654.582 -0.62 1.514 0.895 1.799 0.167 22.361 1652.704 0.299 22.52571 1649.182 1.359 2.834 -0.098 1.485 22.53 1649.182 1.062 1.742 22.75 1645.625 0.127 1.628 1.144 1.779 0.262 23.00796 1642.613 0.262 23.0375 1642.157 1.405 2.636 -0.4 1.526 23.04 1642.157 1.08 1.87 23.25 1638.108 -0.583 1.483 1.142 1.857 0.209 23.49178 1632.187 0.394 23.60986 1629.518 1.27 2.822 -0.015 1.658 23.61 1629.518 1.065 1.969 23.75 1626.258 0.71 2.813 -0.253 1.486 1.007 1.946 0.356 24.1139 1617.982 0.374 24.12843 1617.549 0.989 2.82 -0.146 1.671 24.13 1617.549 0.922 1.672 24.25 1614.972 1.318 2.892 -0.396 1.391 0.988 1.776 0.24 24.66174 1607.56 0.657 24.75 1606.647 1.162 2.931 -0.223 1.504 0.878 1.857 0.234 24.77 1605.951 1.045 1.746 24.77068 1605.951 1.294 2.766 -0.501 1.198 25.25 1594.856 1.138 2.749 0.052 1.639 0.896 1.913 0.375 25.28 1593.796 1.154 1.868 25.32 1592.847 0.994 1.827 25.32243 1592.847 1.211 2.923 -0.233 1.466 25.61667 1585.862 1.22 2.704 0.192 1.585 25.62 1585.862 1.103 1.79 25.75 1582.739 1.307 2.862 -0.255 1.695 0.904 1.801 0.038 26.25 1572.207 1.236 2.823 -0.311 1.512 1.062 2.03 0.368 26.75 1561.684 1.131 2.789 -0.145 1.702 1.031 1.927 0.178 27.25 1552.161 1.304 2.825 -0.21 1.701 1.043 1.827 0.065 27.75 1541.112 1.304 2.926 -0.472 1.365 1.076 1.794 0.181 28.25 1531.672 -0.338 1.369 0.123 28.75 1521.033 0.93 2.81 0.198 1.762 0.354 29.25 1508.338 1.226 2.595 -0.144 1.662 0.854 1.583 0.167 29.75 1494.134 0.966 2.742 -0.218 1.632 1.036 1.823 0.374 30.25 1481.017 1.061 2.833 1.026 1.694 0.207 30.75 1465.571 -0.129 1.499 0.977 1.908 0.304 31.25 1452.213 1.118 2.785 0.827 1.777 0.42