# Eastern Bering Sea 20 Year Flatfish Otolith Growth Data #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # # Online_Resource: http://ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/17736 # # Original_Source_URL: ftp://ftp.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/sclerochronology/east_pacific/matta2010nrs-otolith.txt # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Archive: Other Collections #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2015-01-09 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Eastern Bering Sea 20 Year Flatfish Otolith Growth Data #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Matta, M.E.; Black, B.A.; Wilderbuer, T.K. #-------------------- # Description_and_Notes # Description: Growth increment data from yellowfin sole (YFS), northern rock sole (NRS), and Alaska plaice (AKP) otoliths # (ear bones) collected in the eastern Bering Sea off Alaska. # # Otoliths were collected from three species of flatfish, yellowfin sole (Limanda aspera), northern rock sole (Lepidopsetta polyxystra) # and Alaska plaice (Pleuronectes quadrituberculatus), captured between approximately 56N 158W and 61N 175W in the eastern Bering Sea. # Northern rock sole were collected by fishery observers throughout 2007. Alaska plaice and yellowfin sole were collected during the 2007 # and 2008 RACE summer bottom trawl surveys, respectively. Yellowfin sole and northern rock sole are relatively abundant and targets of # important commercial fisheries, while Alaska plaice is a less common bycatch species. All three species can reach a maximum age of over # 30 yr, and possess otoliths with relatively clear annual growth increments. # # Otoliths were sectioned transversely through the core and burned over an alcohol flame to increase contrast between seasonal (translucent # and opaque) growth zones. One complete annual increment (annulus) was defined as the combination of one translucent and one opaque growth zone. # Otoliths were photographed, visually crossdated to ensure the correct calendar year was assigned to each annulus, and annuli were measured # using the imaging software Image-Pro Plus v.5.1. Visual crossdating was verified using the International Tree-Ring Data Bank Program Library # quality-control software COFECHA using 22-year 50% frequency cutoff cubic splines. A master chronology was then generated for each species # by fitting each otolith measurement time series with a negative exponential function and then dividing by predicted values to remove age-related # declines in growth while preserving environmentally-induced variability. Detrended measurements were averaged by calendar year to generate # a master chronology for each species. # # Final chronologies span the following years for each species: # Alaska plaice: 1987-2006 (n=29 individuals) # Northern rock sole: 1989-2006 (n=28 individuals) # Yellowfin sole: 1989-2006 (n=21 individuals) # # Measurement type: annual growth-increment width (in mm) # 1st detrending method: Negative exponential # Collection purpose: Ecology; effects of climate variability on flatfish growth # Samples are stored at the Alaska Fisheries Science Center, NMFS, NOAA Seattle, WA, 98115, USA # # COFECHA output: # Alaska plaice: series intercorrelation = 0.59; mean sensitivity = 0.24 # Northern rock sole: series intercorrelation = 0.61; mean sensitivity = 0.23 # Yellowfin sole: series intercorrelation = 0.66; mean sensitivity = 0.26 # #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Mary Elizabeth Matta, Bryan A. Black, Thomas K. Wilderbuer # Published_Date_or_Year: 2010-08-26 # Published_Title: Climate-driven synchrony in otolith growth-increment chronologies for three Bering Sea flatfish species # Journal_Name: Marine Ecology Progress Series # Volume: 413 # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: 137-145 # DOI: 10.3354/meps08689 # Online_Resource: http://www.int-res.com/abstracts/meps/v413/p137-145/ # Full_Citation: # Abstract: Dendrochronology (tree-ring science) techniques were applied to otolith growth increments in 3 flatfish species collected from the eastern Bering Sea: northern rock sole Lepidopsetta polyxystra, yellowfin sole Limanda aspera, and Alaska plaice Pleuronectes quadrituberculatus. Within each species, otoliths were visually crossdated to ensure that the correct calendar year was assigned to each growth increment. Growth-increment widths were measured in each otolith, crossdating was statistically checked, and a single master chronology was generated for each species by averaging measurement time series after age-related growth declines had been removed. The 3 final chronologies spanned 18 to 20 yr and were significantly correlated with each other (p < 0.001), indicating a high level of growth synchrony among species. Final chronologies were compared to annual and monthly climate variables including water temperature, ice cover, the Pacific Decadal Oscillation, and the El Nino Southern Oscillation. Of the climate indices examined, chronologies were most strongly related to summertime eastern Bering Sea bottom temperatures, with R2 values of 0.81, 0.61, and 0.34 for the yellowfin sole, Alaska plaice, and northern rock sole chronologies, respectively. Chronologies were significantly (p < 0.01) and positively related to monthly resolved records of sea surface temperature, though the seasons of the year exhibiting the strongest correlations varied among species. The present study suggests that flatfish growth is strongly influenced by the temperature of the eastern Bering Sea, underscoring the effect of climate on fisheries in a high-latitude ecosystem. #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) # Grant: Fisheries and the Environment (FATE) program, Alaska #------------------ # Site_Information # Site_Name: Bering Sea # Location: Ocean>Pacific Ocean>North Pacific Ocean>Bering Sea # Country: # Northernmost_Latitude: 61.0 # Southernmost_Latitude: 56.0 # Easternmost_Longitude: -158.0 # Westernmost_Longitude: -175.0 # Elevation: 0 m #------------------ # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: Matta2010NRSotolith # Earliest_Year: 1988 # Most_Recent_Year: 2006 # Time_Unit: AD # Core_Length: m # Notes: #------------------ # Chronology: # NRS Master Chronology # # Year Sample_depth_NRS Final_NRS_chron # 1989 5 1.06 # 1990 8 0.99 # 1991 13 1.034 # 1992 17 0.971 # 1993 21 1.233 # 1994 26 0.952 # 1995 28 1.015 # 1996 28 1.054 # 1997 28 0.858 # 1998 28 0.826 # 1999 28 0.7 # 2000 28 1.011 # 2001 28 0.944 # 2002 28 1.208 # 2003 28 1.17 # 2004 28 1.084 # 2005 21 1.018 # 2006 5 1.011 # # #---------------- # Variables # # Data variables follow that are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Data line variables format: Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-longname-tab-longname components (9 components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, archive, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) # ##age_AD age, , , year AD, , , , ,N ##growthR120_2 Growth increment, Northern Rock Sole otolith, , mm, , , sample R120_2, ,N ##growthR120_3 Growth increment, Northern Rock Sole otolith, , mm, , , sample R120_3, ,N ##growthR120_4 Growth increment, Northern Rock Sole otolith, , mm, , , sample R120_4, ,N ##growthR120_5 Growth increment, Northern Rock Sole otolith, , mm, , , sample R120_5, ,N ##growthR120_8 Growth increment, Northern Rock Sole otolith, , mm, , , sample R120_8, ,N ##growthR120_10 Growth increment, Northern Rock Sole otolith, , mm, , , sample R120_10, ,N ##growthR120_11 Growth increment, Northern Rock Sole otolith, , mm, , , sample R120_11, ,N ##growthR120_20 Growth increment, Northern Rock Sole otolith, , mm, , , sample R120_20, ,N ##growthR120_21 Growth increment, Northern Rock Sole otolith, , mm, , , sample R120_21, ,N ##growthR120_25 Growth increment, Northern Rock Sole otolith, , mm, , , sample R120_25, ,N ##growthR120_27 Growth increment, Northern Rock Sole otolith, , mm, , , sample R120_27, ,N ##growthR120_28 Growth increment, Northern Rock Sole otolith, , mm, , , sample R120_28, ,N ##growthR120_29 Growth increment, Northern Rock Sole otolith, , mm, , , sample R120_29, ,N ##growthR120_30 Growth increment, Northern Rock Sole otolith, , mm, , , sample R120_30, ,N ##growthR120_31 Growth increment, Northern Rock Sole otolith, , mm, , , sample R120_31, ,N ##growthR120_32 Growth increment, Northern Rock Sole otolith, , mm, , , sample R120_32, ,N ##growthR120_33 Growth increment, Northern Rock Sole otolith, , mm, , , sample R120_33, ,N ##growthR120_34 Growth increment, Northern Rock Sole otolith, , mm, , , sample R120_34, ,N ##growthR120_35 Growth increment, Northern Rock Sole otolith, , mm, , , sample R120_35, ,N ##growthR120_36 Growth increment, Northern Rock Sole otolith, , mm, , , sample R120_36, ,N ##growthR120_37 Growth increment, Northern Rock Sole otolith, , mm, , , sample R120_37, ,N ##growthR120_38 Growth increment, Northern Rock Sole otolith, , mm, , , sample R120_38, ,N ##growthR120_39 Growth increment, Northern Rock Sole otolith, , mm, , , sample R120_39, ,N ##growthR120_40 Growth increment, Northern Rock Sole otolith, , mm, , , sample R120_40, ,N ##growthR120_41 Growth increment, Northern Rock Sole otolith, , mm, , , sample R120_41, ,N ##growthR120_42 Growth increment, Northern Rock Sole otolith, , mm, , , sample R120_42, ,N ##growthR120_43 Growth increment, Northern Rock Sole otolith, , mm, , , sample R120_43, ,N # #---------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing Values: # age_AD growthR120_2 growthR120_3 growthR120_4 growthR120_5 growthR120_8 growthR120_10 growthR120_11 growthR120_19 growthR120_20 growthR120_21 growthR120_25 growthR120_27 growthR120_28 growthR120_29 growthR120_30 growthR120_31 growthR120_32 growthR120_33 growthR120_34 growthR120_35 growthR120_36 growthR120_37 growthR120_38 growthR120_39 growthR120_40 growthR120_41 growthR120_42 growthR120_43 1988 0.0751 0.0737 1989 0.0723 0.0692 0.0811 0.1017 0.0722 1990 0.0811 0.0678 0.0413 0.0737 0.0722 0.0796 0.0855 0.0619 1991 0.0988 0.0751 0.0575 0.056 0.0752 0.0707 0.0722 0.0648 0.0605 0.0826 0.0516 0.0663 0.0752 1992 0.084 0.0649 0.0782 0.056 0.0457 0.0516 0.0501 0.0737 0.0663 0.0516 0.056 0.059 0.0649 0.0368 0.0633 0.0738 0.0634 1993 0.087 0.0811 0.0884 0.0855 0.0855 0.053 0.0531 0.0649 0.0767 0.0678 0.0708 0.0781 0.084 0.0869 0.0546 0.0973 0.0486 0.0589 0.0959 0.0899 0.0811 1994 0.059 0.0957 0.0531 0.0649 0.0972 0.056 0.0516 0.0664 0.0457 0.0398 0.0619 0.0678 0.0855 0.031 0.0501 0.0471 0.0751 0.0486 0.0251 0.0737 0.0339 0.059 0.0427 0.0457 0.0708 0.059 1995 0.084 0.0795 0.0663 0.0516 0.1031 0.0634 0.0605 0.0457 0.0589 0.0501 0.0604 0.0354 0.0604 0.0516 0.0781 0.0428 0.0472 0.0398 0.0663 0.0486 0.031 0.0575 0.0457 0.062 0.0633 0.0472 0.0664 0.059 1996 0.0663 0.0707 0.059 0.0516 0.0722 0.0383 0.0561 0.056 0.0663 0.0428 0.0575 0.031 0.056 0.059 0.0664 0.0516 0.0531 0.0648 0.0722 0.0501 0.0265 0.0531 0.0368 0.0546 0.0545 0.0753 0.0693 0.0737 1997 0.0413 0.0457 0.0383 0.0369 0.0516 0.0383 0.0369 0.0531 0.0398 0.0531 0.0589 0.0324 0.0457 0.0442 0.0413 0.0369 0.0383 0.0309 0.0427 0.0442 0.0236 0.0501 0.0339 0.0487 0.0427 0.0664 0.0575 0.0442 1998 0.031 0.0722 0.0486 0.0516 0.0457 0.0472 0.0339 0.0442 0.0472 0.0546 0.0398 0.028 0.0428 0.0324 0.0472 0.0324 0.0324 0.0295 0.0413 0.0324 0.0192 0.0457 0.0221 0.0428 0.0413 0.0443 0.0428 0.0354 1999 0.031 0.0368 0.0339 0.0369 0.0398 0.0265 0.031 0.0398 0.0324 0.0369 0.0339 0.028 0.0413 0.0265 0.0398 0.0251 0.0236 0.0133 0.0339 0.0206 0.0206 0.0413 0.0162 0.028 0.0236 0.0354 0.0413 0.0295 2000 0.0472 0.0324 0.0457 0.0516 0.0678 0.0324 0.0531 0.0383 0.053 0.0664 0.0442 0.0295 0.0708 0.0354 0.0605 0.0221 0.0339 0.0265 0.0398 0.0265 0.031 0.0486 0.0309 0.0384 0.0427 0.0369 0.0457 0.0442 2001 0.0383 0.025 0.0516 0.0472 0.0442 0.0383 0.0487 0.0398 0.0472 0.0398 0.0324 0.0295 0.0413 0.0354 0.0501 0.0265 0.0265 0.0206 0.0398 0.028 0.031 0.0369 0.0265 0.0177 0.0398 0.0339 0.0398 0.0413 2002 0.0472 0.025 0.0649 0.0428 0.0354 0.0354 0.0561 0.0398 0.0413 0.0398 0.0486 0.0413 0.056 0.0354 0.0722 0.0324 0.0324 0.028 0.0575 0.0339 0.0354 0.0354 0.0368 0.0369 0.0427 0.0384 0.0575 0.0531 2003 0.0398 0.0412 0.0457 0.0443 0.0486 0.0398 0.0413 0.0472 0.0383 0.0457 0.0398 0.0339 0.0545 0.031 0.0369 0.0236 0.0295 0.0295 0.0309 0.0324 0.0369 0.0413 0.0354 0.028 0.0339 0.0251 0.0487 0.0398 2004 0.0339 0.0324 0.0339 0.0384 0.0368 0.0295 0.0325 0.0339 0.0309 0.0354 0.0486 0.0413 0.0486 0.0251 0.0428 0.0295 0.0369 0.0206 0.025 0.025 0.0295 0.0236 0.0398 0.0148 0.0309 0.0207 0.0428 0.0354 2005 0.0295 0.0221 0.0398 0.028 0.0324 0.0369 0.0295 0.0206 0.0354 0.025 0.031 0.0398 0.0236 0.0487 0.0206 0.0206 0.0221 0.0265 0.0207 0.0383 0.0295 2006 0.028 0.0383 0.0413 0.0148 0.0295