# Eastern Bering Sea 20 Year Flatfish Otolith Growth Data #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # # Online_Resource: http://ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/17736 # # Original_Source_URL: ftp://ftp.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/sclerochronology/east_pacific/matta2010yfs-otolith.txt # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Archive: Other Collections #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2015-01-09 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Eastern Bering Sea 20 Year Flatfish Otolith Growth Data #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Matta, M.E.; Black, B.A.; Wilderbuer, T.K. #-------------------- # Description_and_Notes # Description: Growth increment data from yellowfin sole (YFS), northern rock sole (NRS), and Alaska plaice (AKP) otoliths # (ear bones) collected in the eastern Bering Sea off Alaska. # # Otoliths were collected from three species of flatfish, yellowfin sole (Limanda aspera), northern rock sole (Lepidopsetta polyxystra) # and Alaska plaice (Pleuronectes quadrituberculatus), captured between approximately 56N 158W and 61N 175W in the eastern Bering Sea. # Northern rock sole were collected by fishery observers throughout 2007. Alaska plaice and yellowfin sole were collected during the 2007 # and 2008 RACE summer bottom trawl surveys, respectively. Yellowfin sole and northern rock sole are relatively abundant and targets of # important commercial fisheries, while Alaska plaice is a less common bycatch species. All three species can reach a maximum age of over # 30 yr, and possess otoliths with relatively clear annual growth increments. # # Otoliths were sectioned transversely through the core and burned over an alcohol flame to increase contrast between seasonal (translucent # and opaque) growth zones. One complete annual increment (annulus) was defined as the combination of one translucent and one opaque growth zone. # Otoliths were photographed, visually crossdated to ensure the correct calendar year was assigned to each annulus, and annuli were measured # using the imaging software Image-Pro Plus v.5.1. Visual crossdating was verified using the International Tree-Ring Data Bank Program Library # quality-control software COFECHA using 22-year 50% frequency cutoff cubic splines. A master chronology was then generated for each species # by fitting each otolith measurement time series with a negative exponential function and then dividing by predicted values to remove age-related # declines in growth while preserving environmentally-induced variability. Detrended measurements were averaged by calendar year to generate # a master chronology for each species. # # Final chronologies span the following years for each species: # Alaska plaice: 1987-2006 (n=29 individuals) # Northern rock sole: 1989-2006 (n=28 individuals) # Yellowfin sole: 1989-2006 (n=21 individuals) # # Measurement type: annual growth-increment width (in mm) # 1st detrending method: Negative exponential # Collection purpose: Ecology; effects of climate variability on flatfish growth # Samples are stored at the Alaska Fisheries Science Center, NMFS, NOAA Seattle, WA, 98115, USA # # COFECHA output: # Alaska plaice: series intercorrelation = 0.59; mean sensitivity = 0.24 # Northern rock sole: series intercorrelation = 0.61; mean sensitivity = 0.23 # Yellowfin sole: series intercorrelation = 0.66; mean sensitivity = 0.26 # #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Mary Elizabeth Matta, Bryan A. Black, Thomas K. Wilderbuer # Published_Date_or_Year: 2010-08-26 # Published_Title: Climate-driven synchrony in otolith growth-increment chronologies for three Bering Sea flatfish species # Journal_Name: Marine Ecology Progress Series # Volume: 413 # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: 137-145 # DOI: 10.3354/meps08689 # Online_Resource: http://www.int-res.com/abstracts/meps/v413/p137-145/ # Full_Citation: # Abstract: Dendrochronology (tree-ring science) techniques were applied to otolith growth increments in 3 flatfish species collected from the eastern Bering Sea: northern rock sole Lepidopsetta polyxystra, yellowfin sole Limanda aspera, and Alaska plaice Pleuronectes quadrituberculatus. Within each species, otoliths were visually crossdated to ensure that the correct calendar year was assigned to each growth increment. Growth-increment widths were measured in each otolith, crossdating was statistically checked, and a single master chronology was generated for each species by averaging measurement time series after age-related growth declines had been removed. The 3 final chronologies spanned 18 to 20 yr and were significantly correlated with each other (p < 0.001), indicating a high level of growth synchrony among species. Final chronologies were compared to annual and monthly climate variables including water temperature, ice cover, the Pacific Decadal Oscillation, and the El Nino Southern Oscillation. Of the climate indices examined, chronologies were most strongly related to summertime eastern Bering Sea bottom temperatures, with R2 values of 0.81, 0.61, and 0.34 for the yellowfin sole, Alaska plaice, and northern rock sole chronologies, respectively. Chronologies were significantly (p < 0.01) and positively related to monthly resolved records of sea surface temperature, though the seasons of the year exhibiting the strongest correlations varied among species. The present study suggests that flatfish growth is strongly influenced by the temperature of the eastern Bering Sea, underscoring the effect of climate on fisheries in a high-latitude ecosystem. #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) # Grant: Fisheries and the Environment (FATE) program, Alaska #------------------ # Site_Information # Site_Name: Bering Sea # Location: Ocean>Pacific Ocean>North Pacific Ocean>Bering Sea # Country: # Northernmost_Latitude: 61.0 # Southernmost_Latitude: 56.0 # Easternmost_Longitude: -158.0 # Westernmost_Longitude: -175.0 # Elevation: 0 m #------------------ # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: Matta2010YFSotolith # Earliest_Year: 1980 # Most_Recent_Year: 2006 # Time_Unit: AD # Core_Length: m # Notes: #------------------ # Chronology: # YFS Master Chronology # # Year Sample_depth_YFS Final_YFS_chron # 1989 8 1.027 # 1990 10 1.046 # 1991 10 1.079 # 1992 16 0.875 # 1993 17 1.172 # 1994 20 0.88 # 1995 21 0.919 # 1996 21 1.096 # 1997 21 0.987 # 1998 21 1.013 # 1999 21 0.602 # 2000 21 0.793 # 2001 21 0.93 # 2002 21 1.188 # 2003 21 1.268 # 2004 21 1.124 # 2005 21 1.077 # 2006 17 0.813 # # #---------------- # Variables # # Data variables follow that are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Data line variables format: Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-longname-tab-longname components (9 components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, archive, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) # ##age_AD age, , , year AD, , , , ,N ##growthR140_10 Growth increment, Yellowfin Sole otolith, , mm, , , sample R140_10, ,N ##growthR140_12 Growth increment, Yellowfin Sole otolith, , mm, , , sample R140_12, ,N ##growthR140_13 Growth increment, Yellowfin Sole otolith, , mm, , , sample R140_13, ,N ##growthR140_14 Growth increment, Yellowfin Sole otolith, , mm, , , sample R140_14, ,N ##growthR140_15 Growth increment, Yellowfin Sole otolith, , mm, , , sample R140_15, ,N ##growthR140_16 Growth increment, Yellowfin Sole otolith, , mm, , , sample R140_16, ,N ##growthR140_17 Growth increment, Yellowfin Sole otolith, , mm, , , sample R140_17, ,N ##growthR140_18 Growth increment, Yellowfin Sole otolith, , mm, , , sample R140_18, ,N ##growthR140_19 Growth increment, Yellowfin Sole otolith, , mm, , , sample R140_19, ,N ##growthR140_20 Growth increment, Yellowfin Sole otolith, , mm, , , sample R140_20, ,N ##growthR140_21 Growth increment, Yellowfin Sole otolith, , mm, , , sample R140_21, ,N ##growthR140_22 Growth increment, Yellowfin Sole otolith, , mm, , , sample R140_22, ,N ##growthR140_23 Growth increment, Yellowfin Sole otolith, , mm, , , sample R140_23, ,N ##growthR140_24 Growth increment, Yellowfin Sole otolith, , mm, , , sample R140_24, ,N ##growthR140_25 Growth increment, Yellowfin Sole otolith, , mm, , , sample R140_25, ,N ##growthR140_26 Growth increment, Yellowfin Sole otolith, , mm, , , sample R140_26, ,N ##growthR140_27 Growth increment, Yellowfin Sole otolith, , mm, , , sample R140_27, ,N ##growthR140_6 Growth increment, Yellowfin Sole otolith, , mm, , , sample R140_6, ,N ##growthR140_7 Growth increment, Yellowfin Sole otolith, , mm, , , sample R140_7, ,N ##growthR140_8 Growth increment, Yellowfin Sole otolith, , mm, , , sample R140_8, ,N ##growthR140_9 Growth increment, Yellowfin Sole otolith, , mm, , , sample R140_9, ,N # #---------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing Values: # age_AD growthR140_10 growthR140_12 growthR140_13 growthR140_14 growthR140_15 growthR140_16 growthR140_17 growthR140_18 growthR140_19 growthR140_20 growthR140_21 growthR140_22 growthR140_23 growthR140_24 growthR140_25 growthR140_26 growthR140_27 growthR140_6 growthR140_7 growthR140_8 growthR140_9 1980 0.0531 1981 0.0605 1982 0.0442 0.0324 1983 0.0619 0.0501 1984 0.0457 0.0369 1985 0.0487 0.0413 1986 0.0339 0.0427 0.0354 0.0457 0.0398 1987 0.0693 0.0486 0.0412 0.0531 0.0649 1988 0.0383 0.0413 0.025 0.0679 0.0649 1989 0.0383 0.0457 0.0383 0.059 0.0516 0.0295 0.0369 0.0575 1990 0.0369 0.0516 0.031 0.0443 0.0413 0.0471 0.0354 0.0457 0.0428 0.0663 1991 0.0339 0.0516 0.0354 0.0531 0.0354 0.0442 0.0368 0.0443 0.0472 0.0663 1992 0.0398 0.0236 0.0398 0.0457 0.0236 0.0354 0.0561 0.0383 0.028 0.0502 0.0442 0.0398 0.028 0.0325 0.0486 0.0339 1993 0.0634 0.0369 0.0427 0.0398 0.0354 0.059 0.0767 0.0516 0.0413 0.0679 0.0442 0.0678 0.0368 0.0354 0.0457 0.0516 0.0516 1994 0.0457 0.0206 0.0324 0.0221 0.0251 0.0443 0.0384 0.0457 0.0398 0.0383 0.0354 0.0339 0.056 0.0369 0.0265 0.0443 0.0531 0.0251 0.0531 0.0265 1995 0.0369 0.0265 0.0309 0.0413 0.0339 0.0251 0.0472 0.031 0.0324 0.0354 0.0368 0.0679 0.0368 0.0383 0.0545 0.0265 0.0325 0.056 0.0604 0.0501 0.0221 1996 0.0722 0.0369 0.0501 0.0428 0.0457 0.0265 0.0443 0.0575 0.0486 0.0413 0.0354 0.0575 0.0398 0.0339 0.0472 0.0295 0.0369 0.0619 0.0221 0.0413 0.0457 1997 0.059 0.028 0.0368 0.0442 0.0368 0.0177 0.0443 0.0369 0.0368 0.0531 0.0427 0.0605 0.0339 0.0295 0.0413 0.025 0.0398 0.0605 0.0177 0.0398 0.028 1998 0.059 0.0354 0.0354 0.028 0.0295 0.0265 0.0325 0.0487 0.0486 0.0413 0.0457 0.0384 0.0324 0.0339 0.0545 0.0265 0.0339 0.0501 0.0369 0.0472 0.031 1999 0.0324 0.0177 0.0251 0.0236 0.0133 0.0251 0.0162 0.0207 0.0295 0.0192 0.0177 0.0251 0.0191 0.0177 0.0295 0.0192 0.0221 0.0324 0.0206 0.031 0.0221 2000 0.0354 0.028 0.0398 0.0251 0.0192 0.0206 0.0192 0.0251 0.0295 0.0251 0.0309 0.0251 0.0191 0.0295 0.0531 0.025 0.0236 0.0605 0.0369 0.0383 0.0236 2001 0.0516 0.028 0.0236 0.0339 0.0324 0.0192 0.031 0.0325 0.0398 0.0295 0.0383 0.0236 0.0295 0.0221 0.0442 0.0177 0.0133 0.0516 0.0516 0.0428 0.031 2002 0.0501 0.0251 0.0368 0.0398 0.0354 0.0265 0.0354 0.0428 0.0486 0.0501 0.0413 0.0384 0.0383 0.0354 0.059 0.0309 0.0531 0.0619 0.0486 0.0457 0.031 2003 0.0575 0.028 0.0295 0.0442 0.0324 0.031 0.0325 0.0546 0.0457 0.0546 0.0486 0.0384 0.0412 0.0428 0.0575 0.0398 0.0428 0.0487 0.0427 0.0531 0.0369 2004 0.0427 0.0206 0.0309 0.0354 0.0295 0.0206 0.0221 0.0369 0.053 0.0354 0.0383 0.0561 0.0427 0.0398 0.0486 0.0412 0.0354 0.0531 0.0339 0.0516 0.0265 2005 0.0413 0.0339 0.0251 0.0324 0.0221 0.0221 0.0236 0.0295 0.0427 0.0354 0.0472 0.0354 0.0368 0.0324 0.0442 0.0427 0.0369 0.0383 0.0383 0.0413 0.0295 2006 0.0251 0.0221 0.0162 0.0236 0.0236 0.0162 0.0192 0.0413 0.0206 0.0177 0.028 0.0265 0.0295 0.0295 0.0265 0.0221 0.0383