# Rebecca Lagoon, Tasmania 3,700 Year Sediment Reflectance and Precipitation Reconstruction
#----------------------------------------------------------------------- 
#                World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder 
#                                  and 
#                     NOAA Paleoclimatology Program 
#             National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI)
#----------------------------------------------------------------------- 
# Template Version 3.0
# Encoding: UTF-8
# NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. 
# If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. 
#
# Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/22416 
#       Description: 
# Online_Resource: https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/paleolimnology/australia/rebecca2012refl.txt
#       Description:
#
# Original_Source_URL:  
#       Description:
# 
# Description/Documentation lines begin with #
# Data lines have no #
#
# Archive: Paleolimnology
#
# Dataset DOI: 
#
# Parameter_Keywords: physical properties, reconstruction
#--------------------
# Contribution_Date
#    Date: 2017-07-10
#---------------------------------------
# File_Last_Modified_Date
#    Date: 2017-07-10
#---------------------------------------
# Title
#	Study_Name: Rebecca Lagoon, Tasmania 3,700 Year Sediment Reflectance and Precipitation Reconstruction
#--------------------
# Investigators
#      Investigators: Saunders, K.M.; Kamenik, C.; Hodgson, D.A.; Hunziker, S.; Siffert, L.; Fischer, D.; Fujak, M.; Gibson, J.A.E.; Grosjean, M.
#---------------------------------------
# Description_Notes_and_Keywords
#        Description: Sediment reflectance data from Rebecca Lagoon, Tasmania, cores RL1A and 1B, plus precipitation reconstructions spanning the past 3,700 years. 
#         Provided Keywords: Lake sediments; Climate change; Australia; Reflectance spectroscopy; Westerly winds
#---------------------------------------
# Publication
# Authors: Saunders, K.M.; Kamenik, C.; Hodgson, D.A.; Hunziker, S.; Siffert, L.; Fischer, D.; Fujak, M.; Gibson, J.A.E.; Grosjean, M.
# Published_Date_or_Year: 2012-07-01
# Published_Title: Late Holocene changes in precipitation in northwest Tasmania and their potential links to shifts in the Southern Hemisphere westerly winds
# Journal_Name: Global and Planetary Change
# Volume: 92-93
# Edition: 
# Issue: 
# Pages: 82-91
# Report Number: 
# DOI: 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2012.04.005
# Online_Resource: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0921818112000616
# Full_Citation: 
# Abstract: Accurate projections of future climate changes in regions susceptible to drought depend on a good understanding of past climate changes and the processes driving them. In the absence of longer term instrumental data, paleoclimate data are needed. In this study we develop a precipitation reconstruction for Rebecca Lagoon (41 11'S, 144 41'E), northwest Tasmania. First, the relationship between scanning reflectance spectroscopy measurements of sediment cores in the visible spectrum (380-730 nm) and instrumental precipitation record (1912-2009) was used to develop a model to reconstruct precipitation back in time. Results showed that the ratio of reflectance between 660 and 670 nm (i.e., reflectance at 660 nm/reflectance at 670 nm; a measure of pigment diagenesis) was significantly related to annual precipitation. A calibration model was developed (R = -0.56, pauto < 0.001, RMSEP = 43.0 mm yr- 1, 5 year triangular filtered data, calibration period 1912-2009). Second, this calibration-in-time model was used to reconstruct late Holocene precipitation changes over the last ~ 3000 years. This showed relatively dry conditions from ca. 3100-2800 cal yr BP, wet conditions from ca. 2800-2400 cal yr BP, dry conditions from ca. 2400-2000 calyr BP, and variable conditions after this. Relatively wet conditions occurred from ca. 500 cal yr BP to the late AD 1800 s (ca. 50 cal. yr BP). The precipitation reconstruction indicates that conditions were relatively dry for the 20th century compared to the last ~ 3000 years. In particular, the dry period measured in recent decades is one of the most intense in at least the last 500 years. As precipitation in this region is primarily driven by the Southern Hemisphere westerly winds, these changes are discussed in terms of shifts in westerly wind strength and/or position.
#---------------------------------------
# Funding_Agency
#    Funding_Agency_Name: Marie Curie Interational Incoming Fellowship
#    Grant: TASCLIM PIIF-GA-2009-237001
#---------------------------------------
# Site Information
# Site_Name: Rebecca Lagoon
# Location: Australia/New Zealand>Australia
# Country: Australia
# Northernmost_Latitude: -41.18333
# Southernmost_Latitude: -41.18333
# Easternmost_Longitude: 144.68333
# Westernmost_Longitude: 144.68333
# Elevation: 8 m
#---------------------------------------
# Data_Collection
#   Collection_Name: Rebecca2012refl
#   First_Year: 3654
#   Last_Year: -58
#   Time_Unit: Cal. Yr BP
#   Core_Length: 0.65 m
#   Notes: 
#---------------------------------------
# Chronology_Information 
# Chronology: 
# reservoir age of 295±30 years applied to all samples; 210Pb dates determined using constant rate of supply model
# Lab ID	210Pb-1	210Pb-2	210Pb-11	210Pb-3	210Pb-12	210Pb-4	210Pb-13	210Pb-5	210Pb-14	210Pb-6	210Pb-15	210Pb-7	210Pb-16	210Pb-8	210Pb-9	210Pb-10	poz-38490	poz-38491	poz-37046	poz-38492	poz-37047	poz-38494	poz-37049	poz-38495	
# Dated material	Bulk Sediment	Bulk Sediment	Bulk Sediment	Bulk Sediment	Bulk Sediment	Bulk Sediment	Bulk Sediment	Bulk Sediment	Bulk Sediment	Bulk Sediment	Bulk Sediment	Bulk Sediment	Bulk Sediment	Bulk Sediment	Bulk Sediment	Bulk Sediment	Bulk sediment	Bulk sediment	Bulk sediment	Bulk sediment	Bulk sediment	Bulk sediment	Bulk sediment	Bulk sediment	
# depth_bot (mm) 	0.3	0.8	1.8	2.8	3.8	4.8	5.8	6.8	8	8.8	9.8	10.8	12.5	13.8	16.3	18.3	9.5	20	25	30	33	35	41	50	
# depth_top (mm) 	0	0.5	1.5	2.5	3.5	4.5	5.5	6.5	7.5	8.5	9.5	10.5	12	13.5	16	18	10	20.5	25.5	30.5	33.5	35.5	41.5	50.5	
# age (bp) 	-58.945	-57.255	-56.155	-51.565	-46.395	-42.085	-38.385	-31.385	-21.065	-11.335	1.605	10.915	21.875	32.385	53.665	91.885	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	
# age14C (bp) 	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	295	315	1220	1495	1570	2440	1530	2605	
# age_error (years) 	0.89	1.11	1.2	1.51	1.71	1.79	1.86	1.99	2.11	2.35	2.61	3	2.58	2.84	2.89	2.63	30	30	30	30	30	30	30	30	
# calibrated age (cal BP)	-58.945	-57.255	-56.155	-51.565	-46.395	-42.085	-38.385	-31.385	-21.065	-11.335	1.605	10.915	21.875	32.385	53.665	91.885	295	315	1220	1495	1570	2440	1530	2605	
# 2-sigma error of cal age (years)	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	
# cal_age_range_old (bp) 	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	-5	728	970	1062	1986	1048	2155	
# cal_age_range_young (2_s) 	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	-2	821	1142	1187	2150	1178	2271	
# depth (mm) 	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	
# thickness (mm)	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	
# notes	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	Excluded from final age model	Excluded from final age model	NaN	
# 
#---------------------------------------
# Variables
# Data variables follow that are preceded by "##" in columns one and two.
# Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-longname components (9 components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, archive, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data)
#
## depth_cm	depth, , , cm, , , , ,N,
## age_CE	age,,,year CE,,,,,N,
## age_calBP	age, , , calendar years before present, , , , ,N,
## R660_670	reflectance,sediment,,,,paleolimnology, Ratio between reflectance at 660 and 670 nm wavelength - degree of diagenesis,Gretag-Spectrolino,N,Relationship based on correlation with Instrumental records 1911-2000
#------------------------
# Data
# Data lines follow (have no #)
# Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header
# Missing Value: NA 
Depth_cm	age_CE	age_calBP	R660_670
0	2008	-58	0.996795
0.2	2008	-58	NA
0.4	2008	-58	0.946028
0.6	2007	-57	0.997985
0.8	2007	-57	0.938668
1	2006	-56	0.9685
1.2	2006	-56	0.964563
1.4	2006	-56	0.955434
1.6	2005	-55	0.962236
1.8	2005	-55	0.960809
2	2004	-54	0.959637
2.2	2003	-53	0.964021
2.4	2002	-52	0.964314
2.6	2001	-51	0.959227
2.8	2000	-50	0.96368
3	1999	-49	0.955518
3.2	1998	-48	0.956811
3.4	1997	-47	0.96557
3.6	1996	-46	0.959774
3.8	1995	-45	0.958321
4	1994	-44	0.957087
4.2	1993	-43	0.959517
4.4	1993	-43	0.96281
4.6	1992	-42	0.960372
4.8	1991	-41	0.958276
5	1990	-40	0.961265
5.2	1989	-39	0.959854
5.4	1989	-39	0.958592
5.6	1988	-38	0.965887
5.8	1986	-36	0.963748
6	1985	-35	0.964947
6.2	1984	-34	0.969217
6.4	1983	-33	0.967295
6.6	1981	-31	0.963721
6.8	1979	-29	0.960176
7	1978	-28	0.965495
7.2	1976	-26	0.960369
7.4	1974	-24	0.957666
7.6	1972	-22	0.958726
7.8	1970	-20	0.960103
8	1968	-18	0.961586
8.2	1965	-15	0.959222
8.4	1963	-13	0.959257
8.6	1961	-11	0.967471
8.8	1958	-8	0.962175
9	1956	-6	0.963129
9.2	1953	-3	0.958869
9.4	1951	-1	0.960017
9.6	1949	1	0.961896
9.8	1946	4	0.960192
10	1944	6	0.963505
10.2	1942	8	0.976592
10.4	1941	9	0.967717
10.6	1939	11	0.965963
10.8	1937	13	0.967155
11	1936	14	0.977337
11.2	1934	16	0.961829
11.4	1933	17	0.965825
11.6	1932	18	0.969593
11.8	1930	20	0.964319
12	1929	21	0.96132
12.2	1928	22	0.971765
12.4	1926	24	0.985485
12.6	1925	25	0.978765
12.8	1923	27	0.977291
13	1922	28	0.978562
13.2	1920	30	0.976792
13.4	1919	31	0.975074
13.6	1918	32	0.960393
13.8	1916	34	0.970564
14	1915	35	0.970844
14.2	1913	37	0.952004
14.4	1912	38	0.954639
14.6	1911	39	0.954456
14.8	1909	41	0.950097
15	1907	43	0.96071
15.2	1906	44	0.954693
15.4	1904	46	0.951988
15.6	1902	48	0.959374
15.8	1898	52	0.961823
16	1896	54	0.967613
16.2	1894	56	0.950404
16.4	1892	58	0.955515
16.6	1889	61	0.965593
16.8	1887	63	0.956769
17	1884	66	0.992933
17.2	1880	70	0.9545
17.4	1876	74	0.953734
17.6	1871	79	0.95778
17.8	1865	85	0.957869
18	1859	91	0.966555
18.2	1851	99	0.959697
18.4	1842	108	0.955991
18.6	1833	117	0.948217
18.8	1822	128	0.955836
19	1811	139	0.958886
19.2	1798	152	0.958151
19.4	1785	165	0.953544
19.6	1771	179	0.963089
19.8	1756	194	0.968523
20	1740	210	0.970933
20.2	1724	226	0.9535
20.4	1707	243	0.953905
20.6	1690	260	0.960001
20.8	1672	278	0.956614
21	1653	297	0.956859
21.2	1634	316	0.958814
21.4	1615	335	0.954982
21.6	1595	355	0.95856
21.8	1575	375	0.960251
22	1555	395	0.960061
22.2	1534	416	0.960786
22.4	1513	437	0.96221
22.6	1492	458	0.96223
22.8	1471	479	0.961385
23	1450	500	0.96268
23.2	1429	521	0.963585
23.4	1408	542	0.96326
23.6	1387	563	0.967907
23.8	1366	584	0.968548
24	1345	605	0.965049
24.2	1324	626	0.963016
24.4	1304	646	0.966056
24.6	1284	666	0.96704
24.8	1264	686	0.962588
25	1244	706	0.960167
25.2	1225	725	0.956749
25.4	1207	743	0.958893
25.6	1189	761	0.96249
25.8	1171	779	0.963908
26	1154	796	0.963798
26.2	1137	813	0.959823
26.4	1121	829	0.965291
26.6	1106	844	0.962473
26.8	1091	859	0.960261
27	1077	873	0.960024
27.2	1063	887	0.962028
27.4	1049	901	0.95995
27.6	1036	914	0.962845
27.8	1024	926	0.965767
28	1012	938	0.96261
28.2	1000	950	0.959618
28.4	989	961	0.958504
28.6	979	971	0.959434
28.8	968	982	0.960776
29	959	991	0.964
29.2	949	1001	0.969422
29.4	940	1010	0.977486
29.6	932	1018	0.968234
29.8	923	1027	0.966778
30	916	1034	0.967537
30.2	908	1042	0.962237
30.4	901	1049	0.965294
30.6	894	1056	0.965712
30.8	887	1063	0.972279
31	881	1069	0.97206
31.2	875	1075	0.970747
31.4	869	1081	0.966593
31.6	863	1087	0.965295
31.8	857	1093	0.965887
32	852	1098	0.970994
32.2	846	1104	0.967228
32.4	840	1110	0.965278
32.6	834	1116	0.959857
32.8	828	1122	0.965367
33	822	1128	0.96245
33.2	815	1135	0.9656
33.4	809	1141	0.961614
33.6	802	1148	0.963435
33.8	795	1155	0.959355
34	787	1163	0.960556
34.2	779	1171	0.960399
34.4	771	1179	0.958887
34.6	763	1187	0.961096
34.8	755	1195	0.95856
35	746	1204	0.960397
35.2	737	1213	0.957983
35.4	728	1222	0.963781
35.6	719	1231	0.963493
35.8	709	1241	0.961911
36	699	1251	0.962254
36.2	689	1261	0.963671
36.4	679	1271	0.967765
36.6	669	1281	0.961603
36.8	658	1292	0.960937
37	647	1303	0.961295
37.2	636	1314	0.964381
37.4	625	1325	0.964148
37.6	613	1337	0.961105
37.8	602	1348	0.963653
38	590	1360	0.963586
38.2	578	1372	0.963025
38.4	566	1384	0.966134
38.6	553	1397	0.964072
38.8	541	1409	0.963229
39	528	1422	0.960988
39.2	515	1435	0.960915
39.4	502	1448	0.960179
39.6	488	1462	0.959201
39.8	475	1475	0.961739
40	461	1489	0.955248
40.2	448	1502	0.959978
40.4	434	1516	0.959815
40.6	420	1530	0.953611
40.8	405	1545	0.957271
41	391	1559	0.961734
41.2	377	1573	0.95783
41.4	362	1588	0.961111
41.6	347	1603	0.961922
41.8	332	1618	0.966116
42	317	1633	0.964048
42.2	302	1648	0.98673
42.4	287	1663	0.961157
42.6	271	1679	0.95993
42.8	256	1694	0.960182
43	240	1710	0.960799
43.2	224	1726	0.961472
43.4	208	1742	0.961108
43.6	192	1758	0.953488
43.8	176	1774	0.959295
44	160	1790	0.960842
44.2	144	1806	0.963219
44.4	127	1823	0.959102
44.6	111	1839	0.958807
44.8	94	1856	0.963968
45	78	1872	0.963045
45.2	61	1889	0.960205
45.4	44	1906	0.962062
45.6	27	1923	0.967653
45.8	11	1939	0.960321
46	-6	1956	0.959168
46.2	-24	1974	0.969096
46.4	-41	1991	0.967281
46.6	-58	2008	0.977866
46.8	-75	2025	0.958597
47	-92	2042	0.953007
47.2	-110	2060	0.970753
47.4	-127	2077	0.966417
47.6	-145	2095	0.970189
47.8	-162	2112	0.983513
48	-180	2130	0.973063
48.2	-197	2147	0.978287
48.4	-215	2165	0.960455
48.6	-232	2182	0.961197
48.8	-250	2200	0.962819
49	-268	2218	0.966022
49.2	-285	2235	0.958906
49.4	-303	2253	0.957684
49.6	-321	2271	0.965558
49.8	-338	2288	0.969552
50	-356	2306	0.970241
50.2	-374	2324	0.971886
50.4	-392	2342	0.970815
50.6	-409	2359	0.964575
50.8	-427	2377	0.970902
51	-445	2395	0.970436
51.2	-463	2413	0.968035
51.4	-480	2430	0.967348
51.6	-498	2448	0.958408
51.8	-516	2466	0.965768
52	-534	2484	0.964724
52.2	-551	2501	0.965567
52.4	-569	2519	0.955369
52.6	-587	2537	0.959974
52.8	-604	2554	0.962439
53	-622	2572	0.96148
53.2	-640	2590	0.961626
53.4	-658	2608	0.957614
53.6	-675	2625	0.967574
53.8	-693	2643	0.963897
54	-711	2661	0.958612
54.2	-729	2679	0.959102
54.4	-746	2696	0.961217
54.6	-764	2714	0.956367
54.8	-782	2732	0.955435
55	-800	2750	0.961245
55.2	-817	2767	0.964736
55.4	-835	2785	0.960831
55.6	-853	2803	0.959198
55.8	-870	2820	0.965344
56	-888	2838	0.962503
56.2	-906	2856	0.967448
56.4	-924	2874	0.968308
56.6	-941	2891	0.962242
56.8	-959	2909	0.960161
57	-977	2927	0.958494
57.2	-995	2945	0.964223
57.4	-1012	2962	0.965222
57.6	-1030	2980	0.963878
57.8	-1048	2998	0.962805
58	-1066	3016	0.962026
58.2	-1083	3033	0.962861
58.4	-1101	3051	0.967676
58.6	-1119	3069	0.967528
58.8	-1136	3086	0.968799
59	-1154	3104	0.968085
59.2	-1172	3122	0.972034
59.4	-1190	3140	0.96302
59.6	-1207	3157	0.965398
59.8	-1225	3175	0.965118
60	-1243	3193	0.968863
60.2	-1261	3211	0.969521
60.4	-1278	3228	0.96727
60.6	-1296	3246	0.968686
60.8	-1314	3264	0.963806
61	-1332	3282	0.973654
61.2	-1349	3299	0.969887
61.4	-1367	3317	0.974601
61.6	-1385	3335	0.971728
61.8	-1402	3352	0.968527
62	-1420	3370	0.970995
62.2	-1438	3388	0.972353
62.4	-1456	3406	0.973463
62.6	-1473	3423	0.976474
62.8	-1491	3441	0.977175
63	-1509	3459	0.973422
63.2	-1527	3477	0.984717
63.4	-1544	3494	0.977909
63.6	-1562	3512	100,012
63.8	-1580	3530	0.973335
64	-1598	3548	0.976767
64.2	-1615	3565	0.972223
64.4	-1633	3583	0.990831
64.6	-1651	3601	0.982895
64.8	-1668	3618	0.960651
65	-1686	3636	0.962155
65.2	-1704	3654	0.986922