# Fennoscandia 300 Year Inferred Maximum Stomatal Conductance Data #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 4.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite original publication, NOAA Landing Page URL, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), # and date accessed when using these downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, study title, NOAA Landing Page URL, and date accessed. # # NOAA_Landing_Page: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/13478 # Landing_Page_Description: NOAA Landing Page of this file's parent study, which includes all study metadata. # # Study_Level_JSON_Metadata: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/json/noaa-lake-13478.json # Study_Level_JSON_Description: JSON metadata of this file's parent study, which includes all study metadata. # # Data_Type: Paleolimnology # # Dataset_DOI: 10.25921/4a05-pr52 # # Science_Keywords: carbon cycle #-------------------- # Resource_Links # # Data_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/paleolimnology/europe/fennoscandia2011stomata-noaa.txt # Data_Download_Description: NOAA Template File; Smoothed Stomatal Size and Conductance Data # # Original_Source_URL: # Original_Source_Description: # #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2012-10-24 #-------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2022-09-21 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Fennoscandia 300 Year Inferred Maximum Stomatal Conductance Data #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Gagen, M.H.(https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6820-6457); Finsinger, W.(https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8297-0574); Wagner-Cremer, F.(https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8119-3558); McCarroll, D.(https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5992-5070); Loader, N.J.(https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6841-1813); Robertson, I.(https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7174-4523); Jalkanen, R.; Young, G.H.F.(https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1102-3553); Kirchhefer, A.J.(https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8647-6645) #-------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: Reconstruction of maximum stomatal conductance to water vapor (gwmax) over the past ~300 years, based on measurements of stomatal density and pore length. Data are presented as (i) yearly averages from multiple leaf fragments extracted from two peat sections in the Kiruna mire (northern Fennoscandia (Kiruna and Kir 8)) and from herbarium collections, and (ii) smoothed estimates of gwmax. In addition, smoothed estimates of stomatal size are also given. # # Datasets were smoothed with a robust loess function (locally weighted regression) (Cleveland & Devlin, 1988) with a constant window width and fixed target points in time. The smoothed curve was constructed by determining fitted values at 10-year intervals with a 100-year window width (here referred to the full span of the window). In this method the smoothing window does not change as a function of data density around the fitted values, it rather uses all datapoints within the 100-year window width #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Gagen, M., W. Finsinger, F. Wagner-Cremer, D. McCarroll, N. Loader, I. Robertson, R. Jalkanen, G. Young, and A. Kirchhefer # Journal_Name: Global Change Biology # Published_Title: Evidence of changing intrinsic water-use efficiency under rising atmospheric CO2 concentrations in Boreal Fennoscandia from subfossil leaves and tree ring d13C ratios # Published_Date_or_Year: 2011 # Volume: 17 # Pages: 1064-1072 # Issue: 2 # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02273.x # Full_Citation: # Abstract: Investigating the many internal feedbacks within the climate system is a vital component of the effort to quantify the full effects of future anthropogenic climate change. The stomatal apertures of plants tend to close and decrease in number under elevated CO2 concentrations, increasing water-use efficiency (WUE) and reducing canopy evapotranspiration. Experimental and modelling studies reveal huge variations in these changes such that the warming associated with reduced evapotranspiration (known as physiological forcing) is neither well understood or constrained. Palaeo-observations of changes in stomatal response and plant WUE under rising CO2 might be used to better understand the processes underlying the physiological forcing feedback and to link measured changes in plant WUE to a specific physiological change in stomata. Here we use time series of tree ring (Pinus sylvestris L.) d13C and subfossil leaf (Betula nana L.) measurements of stomatal density and geometry to derive records of changes in intrinsic water-use efficiency (iWUE) and maximum stomatal conductance in the Boreal zone of northern Finland and Sweden. We investigate the rate of change in both proxies, over the recent past. The independent lines of evidence from these two different Boreal species indicate increased iWUE and reduced maximum stomatal conductance of similar magnitude from preindustrial times (ca. AD 1850) to around AD 1970. After this maximum stomatal conductance continues to decrease to AD 2000 in B. nana but iWUE in P. sylvestris reaches a plateau. We suggest that northern boreal P. sylvestris might have reached a threshold in its ability to increase WUE as CO2 rises. #-------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) # Grant_Number: NJL NE/B501504 GHFY #-------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: European Commission MILLENNIUM Integrated Project # Grant_Number: 017008 #-------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: AXA Research Fund # Grant_Number: #-------------------- # Site_Information # Site_Name: Kiruna Mire # Location: Sweden # Northernmost_Latitude: 67.85 # Southernmost_Latitude: 67.85 # Easternmost_Longitude: 20.2167 # Westernmost_Longitude: 20.2167 # Elevation: #-------------------- # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: Kiruna2011stomata # First_Year: 1718 # Last_Year: 1998 # Time_Unit: CE # Core_Length: # Parameter_Keywords: reconstruction # Notes: #-------------------- # Chronology_Information # Chronology: # # # # #------------------ #-------------------- # Variables # # PaST_Thesaurus_Download_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/skos/past-thesaurus.rdf # PaST_Thesaurus_Download_Description: Paleoenvironmental Standard Terms (PaST) Thesaurus terms, definitions, and relationships in SKOS format. # # variables format: shortname what,material,error,units,seasonality,data_type,detail,method, C(har) or N(umeric) data,additional information # ## age_AD age,,,year Common Era,,climate reconstructions;plant macrofossils,,,N, ## gwmax maximum stomatal conductance,,,mole per square meter per second,,climate reconstructions;plant macrofossils,smoothed,,N,Maximum diffusive conductance to water vapor; 10-year smoothed ## stomata stomatal size,,,square micrometer,,plant macrofossils,smoothed,,N,10-year smoothed #-------------------- # # Data: # Missing_Values: NA age_AD gwmax stomata 1718 3.0403 682.3385 1728 3.0202 681.5518 1738 2.9584 679.5485 1748 2.8901 676.8643 1758 2.8212 668.4839 1768 2.785 657.7211 1778 2.78 650.2942 1788 2.7919 642.5434 1798 2.789 636.2317 1808 2.7768 627.7445 1818 2.7573 619.905 1828 2.7308 614.8837 1838 2.7092 608.2338 1848 2.6993 601.2708 1858 2.6883 596.3393 1868 2.6736 591.6654 1878 2.6645 589.9279 1888 2.6469 592.9251 1898 2.6135 596.3844 1908 2.5723 602.9488 1918 2.5283 606.2633 1928 2.4811 609.0544 1938 2.436 614.705 1948 2.3946 620.7623 1958 2.3378 627.7522 1968 2.2511 637.4162 1978 2.1414 651.5308 1988 2.0206 668.1758 1998 1.8908 686.2244