# Lake N3, Greenland 7,800 Year Leaf Wax d2H and Geochemical Data 
#----------------------------------------------------------------------- 
#                World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder 
#                                  and 
#                     NOAA Paleoclimatology Program 
#             National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI)
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------
#
# NOTE: Please cite original publication, online resource and date accessed when using this data.
# If there is no publication information, please cite Investigator, title, online resource and date accessed.
#
# Description/Documentation lines begin with #
# Data lines have no #
#
# Online_Resource: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/20126 
# Online_Resource: http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/paleolimnology/greenland/n3-2016mineral.txt
#
# Archive: Paleolimnology
#
# Parameter_Keywords: hydrogen isotopes
#---------------------------------------
# Contribution_Date
#    Date: 2016-05-04
#---------------------------------------
# Title
#    Study_Name: Lake N3, Greenland 7,800 Year Leaf Wax d2H and Geochemical Data 
#---------------------------------------
# Investigators
#      Investigators: Thomas, E.K.; Briner, J.P.; Ryan-Henry, J.J.; Huang, Y.
#---------------------------------------
# Description and Notes
#        Description: Aquatic plant leaf wax hydrogen isotope (d2H) and geochemical data from sediments collected in lake N3, western Greenland. 
#	 Data include hydrogen isotopes of the C24, C26, and C28 n-alkanoic acids (aquatic plant biomarkers), plus Loss-On-Ignition, 
#	 Biogenic Silica, Carbon and Nitrogen concentrations and isotopes (d13C and d15N), and mineral matter concentration.  
# 
#         Provided Keywords: Greenland, Holocene, Precipitation, Leaf wax hydrogen isotope, Precipitation seasonality, Sea ice 
# 
#---------------------------------------
# Publication
# Authors: Elizabeth K. Thomas, Jason P. Briner, John J. Ryan-Henry and Yongsong Huang 
# Published_Date_or_Year: 2016-04-25
# Published_Title: A major increase in winter snowfall during the middle Holocene on western Greenland caused by reduced sea ice in Baffin Bay and the Labrador Sea 
# Journal_Name: Geophysical Research Letters 
# Volume: 
# Edition: 
# Issue: 
# Pages: 
# Report Number: 
# DOI: 10.1002/2016GL068513
# Online_Resource: 
# Full_Citation: 
# Abstract: Precipitation is predicted to increase in the Arctic as temperature increases and sea ice retreats. Yet, the mechanisms controlling precipitation in the Arctic are poorly understood and quantified only by the short, sparse instrumental record. We use hydrogen isotope ratios (d2H) of lipid biomarkers in lake sediments from western Greenland to reconstruct precipitation seasonality and summer temperature during the past 8 kyr. Aquatic biomarker d2H was 100 per mil more negative from 6 to 4ka than during the early and late Holocene, which we interpret to reflect increased winter snowfall. The middle Holocene also had high summer air temperature, decreased early winter sea ice in Baffin Bay and the Labrador Sea, and a strong, warm West Greenland Current. These results corroborate model predictions of winter snowfall increases caused by sea ice retreat, and furthermore suggest that warm currents advecting more heat into the polar seas may enhance Arctic evaporation and snowfall.
#---------------------------------------
# Funding_Agency
#    Funding_Agency_Name: Geological Society of America
#    Grant: Student Research Grant, Limnogeology Division Kerry Kelts Research Award, Quaternary Geology and Geomorphology Division Marie Morisawa Research Award
#---------------------------------------
# Funding_Agency
#    Funding_Agency_Name: US National Science Foundation
#    Grant: Graduate Research Fellowship, 909334, 520718, EAR Postdoctoral Fellowship
#---------------------------------------
# Site Information
# Site_Name: Lake N3
# Location: North America>Greenland
# Country: Greenland
# Northernmost_Latitude: 68.636
# Southernmost_Latitude: 68.636
# Easternmost_Longitude: 50.98
# Westernmost_Longitude: 50.98
# Elevation: 59 m
#---------------------------------------
# Data_Collection
#   Collection_Name: N3mineral
#   First_Year: 7901
#   Last_Year: 339
#   Time_Unit: cal. yr BP
#   Core_Length: 2.38 m
#   Notes: 
#---------------------------------------
# Chronology_Information 
# Chronology: 
# 
# Table S1
# Lead-210 profile from Lake N3, core 10N3-SC
# 
# 	Core Depth (top)	Pb-210	Precision	CRS Modeled Age	Age uncertainty	
# 	(cm)	(Bq/g)	 (1sigma)	(years BP)	(±2sigma range)	
# 		
# 	0	0.985	7.3	-61	0
# 	1	0.550	7.1	-41	4
# 	2	0.155	11.2	-8	24
# 	3	0.074	15.4	24	84
# 	4	0.045	9.5	59	238
# 	5	0.033	15.4		
# 	6	0.028	19.8		
# 	7	0.025	19.5		
# 	8	0.057	11.1		
# 	9	0.043	24.0		
# 	10	0.040	11.5		
# 	11	0.017	10.1		
# 	12	0.026	16.8		
# 	13	0.027	28.0		
# 	14	0.024	25.2		
# 	15	0.037	11.3		
# 	16	0.025	23.1		
# 	17	0.031	19.5		
# 	18	0.027	11.6		
# 	19	0.023	14.7		
# 	25	0.013	23.8		
# 	35	0.017	15.2		
# 
# Table S2 
# Radiocarbon ages of long cores from Lake N3 
# 
# 	Site/Core	Core Depth	Composite Depth	Lab Number	Material Dated	Fraction Modern	d13C	Radiocarbon Age	Calibrated Age solutions	Calibrated Age	Calibrated Age Uncertainty
# 		(cm)	(cm)				(per mil, VPDB)	(14C yr BP)	 (2sigma solutions)	(years BP)	(±2Sigma range)
# 
# 	10-N3-2A-1	3	10	CURL-12691	aquatic macrofossils	0.9331±0.0018	-29.7 permil	555±15	530 - 558, 603 - 628	580	20
# 	10-N3-2A-1	30	38	CURL-12700	aquatic macrofossils	0.7359±0.0013	-30.2 permil	2465±15	2366 - 2390, 2398 - 2411, 2455 - 2552, 2556 - 2618, 2633 - 2704	2540	80
# 	10-N3-2A-1	65	73	CURL-12694	aquatic macrofossils	0.6414±0.0012	-34.4 permil	3565±20	3776 - 3789, 3827 - 3924, 3950 - 3958	3870	50
# 	10-N3-2A-2	3	100	CURL-12696	aquatic macrofossils	0.5895±0.0013	-28.9 permil	4245±20	4728 - 4735, 4741 - 4750, 4820 - 4856	4790	30
# 	10-N3-2A-2	23	120	CURL-12692	aquatic macrofossils	0.5534±0.0011	-29.2 permil	4755±20	5337 - 5343, 5467 - 5584	5460	60
# 	10-N3-2A-2	97	195	CURL-12701	aquatic macrofossils	0.4382±0.0012	-25.4 permil	6625±25	7462 - 7570	7520	30
# 	10-N3-4A-2	6	203	CURL-12693	aquatic macrofossils	0.4196±0.0011	-25.8 permil	6975±25	7724 - 7866, 7900 - 7924	7820	50
# 	10-N3-2A-2	115	212	CURL-12698	aquatic macrofossils	0.4167±0.0013	-27.1 permil	7030±25	7796 - 7809, 7824 - 7936	7870	40
# 
# 
# 	Notes: Calibrated ages are rounded to the nearest decade. Present is defined as AD 1950. Calibrated ages are midpoints of the range of 2s calibrated solutions.	
# 
# 
#---------------------------------------
# Variables
#
# Data variables follow that are preceded by "##" in columns one and two.
# Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-longname components (9 components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, archive, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data)
#
## depth_cm	depth, , , cm, , , composite depth, ,N
## age_calBP	age, , , calendar years before present, , , mean age of sediment, ,N
## min%	mineral matter, sediment, , percent, , paleolimnology, , ,N
# 
#------------------------
# Data
# Data lines follow (have no #)
# Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header
# Missing Value: 
#
depth_cm	age_calBP	min%
0.25	339	63.2
4.25	657	64.4
8.25	974	59.9
12.25	1287	55.1
16.25	1591	63.1
20.25	1883	61.8
24.25	2158	64.4
27.75	2413	24.2
28.25	2414	59.9
28.25	2444	25.0
28.75	2474	25.7
29.25	2505	26.2
29.75	2534	25.8
30.25	2564	26.7
30.75	2593	26.0
31.25	2621	26.9
31.75	2650	29.1
32.25	2647	54.2
32.25	2677	28.5
32.75	2705	27.5
33.25	2732	27.3
33.75	2758	29.9
34.25	2784	30.6
34.75	2810	31.2
35.25	2835	32.1
35.75	2860	33.6
36.25	2856	49.7
36.25	2885	31.8
36.75	2909	32.5
37.25	2933	31.3
37.75	2957	30.9
38.25	2980	29.5
38.75	3003	31.2
39.25	3025	32.3
39.75	3048	35.6
40.25	3043	48.5
40.25	3069	33.3
40.75	3091	33.3
41.25	3112	35.3
41.75	3133	34.9
42.25	3154	30.1
42.75	3174	34.1
43.25	3194	33.0
43.75	3214	34.0
44.25	3211	48.9
44.25	3233	37.2
44.75	3253	33.0
45.25	3271	34.2
45.75	3290	32.3
46.25	3308	32.7
46.75	3327	32.6
47.25	3344	33.4
47.75	3362	30.1
48.25	3361	53.3
48.25	3379	34.3
48.75	3397	35.1
49.25	3413	36.8
49.75	3430	35.4
50.25	3447	34.8
50.75	3463	34.6
51.25	3479	34.2
51.75	3495	33.8
52.25	3497	50.1
52.25	3510	34.8
52.75	3526	36.0
53.25	3541	35.2
53.75	3556	32.9
54.25	3571	33.8
54.75	3586	29.4
55.25	3600	36.2
55.75	3615	35.1
56.25	3621	49.0
56.25	3629	36.3
56.75	3643	35.7
57.25	3657	34.9
57.75	3671	36.8
58.25	3684	35.2
58.75	3698	36.0
59.25	3711	36.3
59.75	3725	34.3
60.25	3735	49.1
60.25	3738	35.5
60.75	3751	36.0
61.25	3764	38.1
61.75	3777	38.8
62.25	3789	37.8
62.75	3802	37.0
63.25	3815	35.9
63.75	3827	36.1
64.25	3841	49.2
64.25	3840	35.7
64.75	3852	38.0
65.25	3864	38.7
65.75	3877	38.8
66.25	3889	38.4
66.75	3901	39.1
67.25	3913	40.7
67.75	3925	41.6
68.25	3942	45.2
68.25	3937	42.5
68.75	3949	42.2
69.25	3961	42.5
69.75	3973	41.1
70.25	3985	40.7
70.75	3997	40.1
71.25	4009	40.1
71.75	4021	38.8
72.25	4040	46.9
72.25	4032	37.9
72.75	4044	37.6
73.25	4056	37.9
73.75	4068	37.8
74.25	4079	38.5
74.75	4091	40.5
75.25	4103	43.1
75.75	4115	44.3
76.25	4136	42.5
76.25	4126	44.5
76.75	4138	43.2
77.25	4150	42.1
77.75	4161	41.6
78.25	4173	41.9
78.75	4185	40.8
79.25	4197	40.8
79.75	4209	41.9
80.25	4231	45.7
80.25	4220	40.9
80.75	4232	40.6
81.25	4244	39.3
81.75	4256	42.6
82.25	4268	44.0
82.75	4280	44.9
83.25	4292	44.9
83.75	4304	46.0
84.25	4327	42.3
84.25	4316	44.3
84.75	4328	42.9
85.25	4340	41.9
85.75	4353	41.6
86.25	4365	42.0
86.75	4377	44.0
87.25	4390	42.9
87.75	4402	44.2
88.25	4425	45.9
88.25	4415	44.2
88.75	4427	43.0
89.25	4440	42.6
89.75	4453	41.7
90.25	4466	42.3
90.75	4478	41.5
91.25	4527	51.8
91.25	4491	42.2
91.75	4505	42.3
92.25	4518	40.8
92.75	4531	38.1
93.25	4544	36.3
93.75	4558	36.4
94.25	4571	39.3
94.75	4585	40.5
95.25	4634	46.1
95.25	4599	41.5
95.75	4612	40.9
96.25	4626	41.2
96.75	4640	42.4
97.25	4655	41.9
97.75	4669	42.4
98.25	4683	42.0
98.75	4698	41.7
99.25	4747	43.8
99.25	4712	43.0
99.75	4727	42.9
100.25	4742	43.3
100.75	4757	42.8
101.25	4772	44.2
101.75	4788	43.0
102.25	4803	42.4
102.75	4819	43.9
103.25	4868	44.0
103.25	4834	45.3
103.75	4850	44.5
104.25	4866	43.9
104.75	4882	44.2
105.25	4899	43.9
105.75	4915	46.6
106.25	4932	47.7
106.75	4948	46.2
107.25	4997	42.2
107.25	4965	43.9
107.75	4982	45.1
108.25	4999	46.5
108.75	5016	47.2
109.25	5033	47.4
109.75	5050	50.1
110.25	5067	49.7
110.75	5085	46.2
111.25	5132	47.9
111.25	5102	46.7
111.75	5119	42.8
112.25	5137	40.5
112.75	5154	35.0
113.25	5172	30.0
113.75	5189	33.5
114.25	5206	41.6
114.75	5224	41.3
115.25	5270	45.5
115.25	5241	41.4
115.75	5259	45.1
116.25	5276	45.2
116.75	5294	42.0
117.25	5311	42.4
117.75	5329	42.5
118.25	5346	42.1
118.75	5363	42.9
119.25	5407	44.3
119.25	5380	42.4
119.75	5397	41.8
120.25	5415	44.9
120.75	5432	44.7
121.25	5449	44.4
121.75	5465	42.6
122.25	5482	41.7
122.75	5499	42.1
123.25	5543	48.4
123.25	5515	42.4
123.75	5532	42.2
124.25	5548	41.9
124.75	5564	41.9
125.25	5580	41.4
125.75	5596	39.6
126.25	5612	38.9
126.75	5628	41.4
127.25	5674	46.5
127.25	5644	41.9
127.75	5659	43.6
128.25	5675	42.4
128.75	5690	43.4
129.25	5705	42.9
129.75	5720	43.0
130.25	5736	42.0
130.75	5750	43.0
131.25	5801	42.9
131.25	5765	44.3
131.75	5780	43.9
132.25	5795	45.5
132.75	5810	47.2
133.25	5824	45.6
133.75	5839	44.0
134.25	5853	43.8
134.75	5867	44.0
135.25	5924	44.5
135.25	5881	43.4
135.75	5896	47.0
136.25	5910	43.7
136.75	5924	44.9
137.25	5938	45.3
137.75	5951	44.9
138.25	5965	44.4
138.75	5979	44.6
139.25	6043	45.3
139.25	5993	44.7
139.75	6006	43.1
140.25	6020	44.3
140.75	6033	44.1
141.25	6046	44.4
141.75	6060	40.0
142.25	6073	42.1
142.75	6086	41.2
143.25	6159	49.1
143.25	6099	41.6
143.75	6113	38.7
144.25	6126	38.7
144.75	6139	40.9
145.25	6152	40.5
145.75	6165	40.1
146.25	6177	40.5
146.75	6190	40.6
147.25	6273	50.4
147.25	6203	42.4
147.75	6216	40.2
148.25	6229	41.5
148.75	6241	41.9
149.25	6254	41.6
149.75	6267	40.3
150.25	6279	40.0
150.75	6292	40.1
151.25	6384	49.5
151.25	6304	40.0
151.75	6317	39.4
152.25	6329	40.2
152.75	6342	40.6
153.25	6354	36.3
153.75	6366	40.5
154.25	6379	40.6
154.75	6391	40.0
155.25	6493	50.8
155.25	6404	40.8
155.75	6416	41.1
156.25	6428	41.8
156.75	6441	37.7
157.25	6453	38.9
157.75	6465	39.9
158.25	6477	40.4
158.75	6490	40.1
159.25	6600	55.6
159.25	6502	39.2
159.75	6514	39.0
160.25	6527	39.6
160.75	6539	40.5
161.25	6551	40.2
161.75	6563	38.2
162.25	6576	38.6
162.75	6588	37.6
163.25	6705	54.0
163.25	6600	36.7
163.75	6613	37.0
164.25	6625	38.6
164.75	6637	41.7
165.25	6650	41.9
165.75	6662	41.7
166.25	6674	41.5
166.75	6687	40.3
167.25	6809	52.4
167.25	6699	39.4
167.75	6712	39.6
168.25	6724	40.8
168.75	6737	39.1
169.25	6749	40.5
169.75	6762	38.9
170.25	6774	37.7
170.75	6787	39.1
171.25	6912	59.4
171.25	6800	39.4
171.75	6812	38.9
172.25	6825	38.7
172.75	6838	39.6
173.25	6851	38.2
173.75	6863	35.9
174.25	6876	33.6
174.75	6889	34.6
175.25	7015	65.3
175.25	6902	33.1
175.75	6915	33.1
176.25	6928	34.5
176.75	6941	31.5
177.25	6955	31.3
177.75	6968	30.3
178.25	6981	29.2
178.75	6994	30.5
179.25	7118	68.4
179.25	7008	28.6
179.75	7021	28.3
180.25	7035	28.4
180.75	7048	29.8
181.25	7062	28.4
181.75	7076	27.8
182.25	7090	28.4
182.75	7103	26.4
183.25	7220	74.0
183.25	7117	26.3
183.75	7131	28.5
184.25	7145	28.2
184.75	7160	24.3
185.25	7174	24.2
185.75	7188	26.4
186.25	7203	24.0
186.75	7217	20.4
187.25	7323	77.3
187.25	7232	18.4
187.75	7246	21.5
188.25	7261	21.0
188.75	7276	22.5
189.25	7291	21.0
189.75	7306	17.5
190.25	7321	19.1
190.75	7336	19.8
191.25	7427	79.6
191.25	7351	18.5
191.75	7367	18.1
192.25	7382	18.8
192.75	7398	17.8
193.25	7413	16.4
193.75	7429	16.7
194.25	7445	17.1
194.75	7461	13.9
195.25	7532	70.7
195.25	7477	17.7
195.75	7493	22.9
196.25	7510	26.2
196.75	7526	26.7
197.25	7543	19.8
197.75	7559	17.4
198.25	7576	16.2
198.75	7593	14.6
199.25	7637	79.6
199.25	7609	18.3
199.75	7626	14.1
200.25	7642	17.5
200.75	7658	11.3
201.25	7674	9.8
201.75	7689	9.7
202.25	7704	11.9
202.75	7719	16.7
203.25	7733	82.4
203.25	7732	14.6
203.75	7745	13.0
204.25	7758	9.7
204.75	7770	10.2
205.25	7781	10.2
205.75	7791	8.8
206.25	7801	8.2
206.75	7810	8.4
207.25	7809	89.5
207.25	7818	5.7
207.75	7826	2.4
208.25	7833	1.6
208.75	7840	1.2
209.25	7847	1.5
209.75	7853	2.4
210.25	7858	3.0
210.75	7864	2.7
211.25	7869	2.1
211.75	7873	1.7
212.25	7878	0.9
212.75	7882	1.5
213.25	7886	2.8
213.75	7890	2.2
214.25	7894	2.1
214.75	7898	1.9
215.25	7901	2.7
215.75		2.2
216.25		2.0
216.75		1.8
217.25		1.3
217.75		2.2
218.25		1.6
218.75		2.4
219.25		2.3
219.75		1.8
220.25		0.3
220.75		0.4
221.25		0.8
221.75		1.2
222.25		1.2
222.75		0.5
223.25		5.4
223.75		0.9
224.25		0.9
224.75		0.9
225.25		1.1
225.75		1.8
226.25		1.7
226.75		3.0
227.25		0.4
227.75		1.6
228.25		1.1
228.75		1.5
229.25		1.3
229.75		0.7
230.25		1.3
230.75		1.3
231.25		0.9
231.75		0.6
232.25		1.0
232.75		1.4
233.25		1.6
233.75		1.0
234.25		1.6
234.75		1.0
235.25		1.4
235.75		1.4
236.25		1.2
236.75		1.6
237.25		1.1
237.75		1.6
238.25		1.6