# West Greenland Holocene Lake Sediment Data #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 4.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite original publication, NOAA Landing Page URL, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), # and date accessed when using these downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, study title, NOAA Landing Page URL, and date accessed. # # NOAA_Landing_Page: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/13664 # Landing_Page_Description: NOAA Landing Page of this file's parent study, which includes all study metadata. # # Study_Level_JSON_Metadata: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/json/noaa-lake-13664.json # Study_Level_JSON_Description: JSON metadata of this file's parent study, which includes all study metadata. # # Data_Type: Paleolimnology # # Dataset_DOI: 10.25921/86my-zm12 # # Science_Keywords: #-------------------- # Resource_Links # # Data_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/paleolimnology/greenland/north2013chiro.txt # Data_Download_Description: NOAA Template File; Chironomid Assemblage Data and Temperature Reconstructions # # Original_Source_URL: # Original_Source_Description: # #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2012-12-13 #-------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2022-10-07 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: West Greenland Holocene Lake Sediment Data #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Axford, Y.(https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8033-358X); Losee, S.; Briner, J.P.; Francis, D.R.; Langdon, P.G.(https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2724-2643); Walker, I.R. #-------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: Lake sediment proxy data from 5 Holocene lakes in West Greenland, located between Disko Bugt and the Greenland Ice Sheet near the coastal town of Ilulissat. Proxy data include Magnetic Susceptibility (MS), Loss-on-Ignition (LOI), Biogenic Silica, and chironomid assemblages. #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Yarrow Axford, Shanna Losee, Jason P. Briner, Donna R. Francis, Peter G. Langdon, and Ian R. Walker # Journal_Name: Quaternary Science Reviews # Published_Title: Holocene temperature history at the western Greenland Ice Sheet margin reconstructed from lake sediments # Published_Date_or_Year: 2013 # Volume: 59 # Pages: 87-100 # Issue: # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2012.10.024 # Full_Citation: # Abstract: Predicting the response of the Greenland Ice Sheet to future climate change presents a major challenge to climate science. Paleoclimate data from Greenland can provide empirical constraints on past cryospheric responses to climate change, complementing insights from contemporary observations and from modeling. Here we examine sedimentary records from five lakes near Jakobshavn Isbrae in central West Greenland to investigate the timing and magnitude of major Holocene climate changes, for comparison with glacial geologic reconstructions from the region. A primary objective of this study is to constrain the timing and magnitude of maximum warmth during the early to middle Holocene positive anomaly in summer insolation. Temperature reconstructions from subfossil insect (chironomid) assemblages suggest that summer temperatures were warmer than present by at least 7.1 ka (the beginning of the North Lake record; ka = thousands of years before present), and that the warmest millennia of the Holocene occurred in the study area between 6 and 4 ka. Previous studies in the Jakobshavn region have found that the local Greenland Ice Sheet margin was most retracted behind its present position between 6 and 5 ka, and here we use chironomids to estimate that local summer temperatures were 2-3°C warmer than present during that time of minimum ice sheet extent. As summer insolation declined through the late Holocene, summer temperatures cooled and the local ice sheet margin expanded. Gradual, insolation-driven millennial-scale temperature trends in the study area were punctuated by several abrupt climate changes, including a major transient event recorded in all five lakes between 4.3 and 3.2 ka, which overlaps in timing with abrupt climate changes previously documented around the North Atlantic region and farther afield at ~4.2 ka. #-------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: US National Science Foundation # Grant_Number: ARC-0909347, ARC-0909334, BCS-0752848 #-------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Northwestern University # Grant_Number: Initiative for Sustainability and Energy (ISEN) #-------------------- # Site_Information # Site_Name: North Lake # Location: Greenland # Northernmost_Latitude: 69.2416 # Southernmost_Latitude: 69.2416 # Easternmost_Longitude: -50.0272 # Westernmost_Longitude: -50.0272 # Elevation: 190 #-------------------- # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: North2013Chiro # First_Year: 7101 # Last_Year: -56 # Time_Unit: cal yr BP # Core_Length: .106 # Parameter_Keywords: population abundance # Notes: #-------------------- # Chronology_Information # Chronology: # Chronology # # Table 2 # Radiocarbon ages from lake sediment cores # # Core Depth Lab Number Material Dated Fraction Modern d13C Radiocarbon Age Calibrated Age # (cm) (‰PDB) (14C yr BP) (cal yr BP ± 2S) # # Loon Lake # 08LOO-1 20 CURL-10094 plant macrofossils 0.6180±0.0009 -37.7 3865±15 4320±90 # 08LOO-1 32 CURL-10104 plant macrofossils 0.5604±0.0010 -32.1 4655±15 5390±70 # 08LOO-1 46 CURL-10088 plant macrofossils 0.5265±0.0009 -34.5 5155±15 5920±70 # 08LOO-1 61 CURL-10101 plant macrofossils 0.5206±0.0008 -29.5 5525±15 6340±50 # # North Lake # 08NOR-3 23 CURL-10089 plant macrofossils 0.7265±0.0010 -28.1 2565±15 2680±60 # 08NOR-3 40 CURL-12613 plant macrofossils 0.6746±0.0013 -24.0 3160±20 3400±40 # 08NOR-3 61 CURL-12600 plant macrofossils 0.5928±0.0009 -24.9 4200±15 4740±90 # 08NOR-3 74 CURL-10091 plant macrofossils 0.5562±0.0010 -28.6 4715±20 5450±130 # 08NOR-3 100 CURL-12603 plant macrofossils 0.4631±0.0008 -28.8 6185±15 7090±80 # 08NOR-3 103 CURL-10092 plant macrofossils 0.4006±0.0008 -12.7 7350±20 8160±120 # # Fishtote Lake # 09FTL-SC2 2 CURL-12593 plant macrofossils 0.7864±0.0012 -21.8 1930±15 1860±40 # 09FTL-SC2 36 CURL-12606 plant macrofossils 0.6438±0.0009 -28.0 3540±15 3810±80 # 09FTL-SC2 65 CURL-12601 plant macrofossils 0.4995±0.0008 -24.0 5575±15 6360±50 # 09FTL-SC2 96 CURL-12608 plant macrofossils 0.367±0.0009 -27.6 8050±20 8910±120 # # Iceboom Lake # 08ICE-5 23 CURL-10083 plant macrofossils 0.9591±0.0015 -23.5 335±15 390±80 # 08ICE-5 36 CURL-10439 plant macrofossils 0.7952±0.0019 -27.8 1840±20 1770±60 # 08ICE-5 57 CURL-10434 plant macrofossils 0.6098±0.0015 -30.7 3980±20 4470±50 # 08ICE-5 70 CURL-10441 plant macrofossils 0.4534±0.0013 -30.5 6360±25 7300±120 # # Pluto Lake # 09PLO-1 4 CURL-12609 plant macrofossils 0.7539±0.0010 -29.7 2270±15 2260±80 # 09PLO-1 25 CURL-12599 plant macrofossils 0.6232±0.0012 -28.7 3800±20 4170±70 # 09PLO-1 50 CURL-12604 plant macrofossils 0.4050±0.0011 -14.9 7260±25 8090±70 # 09PLO-1 76 CURL-12594 plant macrofossils 0.3584±0.0009 -13.3 8245±20 9210±80 # #------------------ # Variables # # PaST_Thesaurus_Download_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/skos/past-thesaurus.rdf # PaST_Thesaurus_Download_Description: Paleoenvironmental Standard Terms (PaST) Thesaurus terms, definitions, and relationships in SKOS format. # # variables format: shortname what,material,error,units,seasonality,data_type,detail,method, C(har) or N(umeric) data,additional information # ## age_calBP age,,,calendar year before present,,insect;paleolimnology,,,N, ## ablabesmyia identified midge,,,percent,,insect;paleolimnology,,,N,Ablabesmyia sp. ## arctopelopia identified midge,,,percent,,insect;paleolimnology,,,N,Arctopelopia sp. ## procladius identified midge,,,percent,,insect;paleolimnology,,,N,Procladius sp. ## tanypodinae identified midge,,,percent,,insect;paleolimnology,,,N,Tanypodinae ## corynoneura.a identified midge,,,percent,,insect;paleolimnology,,,N,Corynoneura arctica ## cricotopus-p identified midge,,,percent,,insect;paleolimnology,,,N,Cricotopus sp. type P ## cricotopus-o identified midge,,,dimensionless,,insect;paleolimnology,,,N,Cricotopus/Orthocladius ## heterotris.g identified midge,,,percent,,insect;paleolimnology,,,N,Heterotrissocladius grimshawi ## metriocnemus.h identified midge,,,percent,,insect;paleolimnology,,,N,Metriocnemus hygropetricus ## psectrocladius.s identified midge,,,percent,,insect;paleolimnology,,,N,Psectrocladius sordidellus ## orthocladiinae identified midge,,,percent,,insect;paleolimnology,,,N,Orthocladiinae ## chironomus identified midge,,,percent,,insect;paleolimnology,,,N,Chironomus sp. ## chironomini.l identified midge,,,percent,,insect;paleolimnology,,,N,Chironomini larvula ## dicrotendipes identified midge,,,percent,,insect;paleolimnology,,,N,Dicrotendipes sp. ## paracladopelma identified midge,,,percent,,insect;paleolimnology,,,N,Paracladopelma sp. ## tanytarsus.l identified midge,,,percent,,insect;paleolimnology,,,N,Tanytarsus lugens type ## tanytarsus.ns identified midge,,,percent,,insect;paleolimnology,,,N,Tanytarsus sp. no spur ## micropsectra identified midge,,,percent,,insect;paleolimnology,,,N,Micropsectra sp. ## tanytarsini.und identified midge,,,percent,,insect;paleolimnology,,,N,Tanytarsini ## temp-JLangdon surface air temperature,midge assemblage,,degree Celsius,Jul,climate reconstructions;insect;paleolimnology,,regression analysis,N,calibration data set: Iceland Langdon et al. 2008; weighted-averaging partial least-squares regression ## temp-JFrancisWA surface air temperature,midge assemblage,,degree Celsius,Jul,climate reconstructions;insect;paleolimnology,,regression analysis,N,calibration data set: Eastern Canada Francis et al. 2006 and Walker et al. 1997; weighted-averaging regression ## temp-JFrancisWAT surface air temperature,midge assemblage,,degree Celsius,Jul,climate reconstructions;insect;paleolimnology,,regression analysis,N,calibration data set: Eastern Canada Francis et al. 2006 and Walker et al. 1997; Weighted averaging regression with tolerance downweighting ## tanom-JLangdon surface air temperature,midge assemblage,,degree Celsius,Jul,climate reconstructions;insect;paleolimnology,anomalized,regression analysis,N,anomalized from modern; calibration data set: Iceland Langdon et al. 2008; weighted averaging partial least-squares regression ## tanom-JFrancisWA surface air temperature,midge assemblage,,degree Celsius,Jul,climate reconstructions;insect;paleolimnology,anomalized,regression analysis,N,anomalized from modern; calibration data set: Eastern Canada Francis et al. 2006 and Eastern Canada Walker et al. 1997; weighted averaging regression ## tanom-JFrancisWAT surface air temperature,midge assemblage,,degree Celsius,Jul,climate reconstructions;insect;paleolimnology,anomalized,regression analysis,N,anomalized from modern; calibration data set: Eastern Canada Francis et al. 2006 and Eastern Canada Walker et al. 1997; weighted averaging regression with tolerance downweighting ## tanom-J surface air temperature,midge assemblage,,degree Celsius,Jul,climate reconstructions;insect;paleolimnology,anomalized;averaged,,N,anomalized from modern; average of multiple reconstructions #-------------------- # Data: # Missing_Values: NA age_calBP ablabesmyia arctopelopia procladius tanypodinae corynoneura.a cricotopus-p cricotopus-o heterotris.g metriocnemus.h psectrocladius.s orthocladiinae chironomus chironomini.l dicrotendipes paracladopelma tanytarsus.l tanytarsus.ns micropsectra tanytarsini.und temp-JLangdon temp-JFrancisWA temp-JFrancisWAT tanom-JLangdon tanom-JFrancisWA tanom-JFrancisWAT tanom-J -56 0 4.52261 2.51256 4.0201 2.01005 1.00503 0 4.0201 0 20.1005 1.00503 4.0201 0 3.01508 NA 16.0804 1.00503 29.6482 7.03518 9.21257 12.901 12.7896 0 0 0 0 -51 0 6.41509 5.66038 4.90566 3.01887 0.754717 0 6.03774 0 8.67925 0.754717 3.77358 0 1.13208 NA 20.3774 1.50943 29.434 7.54717 9.31194 12.429 12.4217 0.0993622 -0.472 -0.3679 -0.246846 -42 0 1.84502 5.16605 5.90406 0 1.10701 0.738007 2.95203 0 12.9151 0 4.42804 0 0.738007 NA 18.4502 1.47601 39.1144 5.16605 8.8807 12.7457 12.5847 -0.331878 -0.1553 -0.2049 -0.230693 -38 1.23457 3.08642 4.32099 6.79012 2.46914 2.46914 0 2.46914 0 4.93827 2.46914 3.08642 2.46914 1.23457 NA 13.5802 0 44.4444 4.93827 9.75904 12.327 12.4475 0.546464 -0.574 -0.3421 -0.123212 -28 0 8.73016 4.7619 5.55556 0 0 0 2.38095 0 7.14286 0 5.55556 0 3.1746 NA 11.1111 1.5873 43.6508 6.34921 9.61402 13.3625 13.0904 0.401445 0.4615 0.3008 0.387915 -7 0 2.42424 2.42424 0 2.42424 2.42424 0 1.81818 0 8.48485 0.606061 3.0303 0 1.21212 NA 25.4545 1.21212 41.2121 7.27273 8.25591 12.0024 12.1918 -0.956663 -0.8986 -0.5978 -0.817688 0 0 0 10.2941 17.6471 5.88235 0 1.47059 6.61765 0 3.67647 0.735294 6.61765 0 0 NA 20.5882 0 25 1.47059 8.92187 12.1887 12.1241 -0.290702 -0.7123 -0.6655 -0.556167 25 0 1.8018 9.00901 0.900901 9.90991 0 0 2.7027 0 5.40541 0 2.7027 0 0 NA 23.4234 0 38.7387 5.40541 8.09262 11.6924 11.7557 -1.11996 -1.2086 -1.0339 -1.12082 70 0 0 3.98671 1.3289 9.30233 1.99336 0 2.99003 0 6.97674 0.996678 1.99336 0 0 NA 25.2492 0 39.2027 5.98007 7.86734 11.2209 11.4403 -1.34523 -1.6801 -1.3493 -1.45821 298.225 0 0 7.92079 9.90099 1.9802 0 0 3.9604 0 11.8812 0 8.91089 0 7.92079 NA 25.7426 0 15.8416 5.94059 9.05924 13.5215 13.1928 -0.153329 0.6205 0.4032 0.290124 656.095 0 0 16.8421 16.3158 3.15789 4.73684 0 1.57895 0 19.4737 0 4.21053 0 4.73684 NA 7.36842 4.21053 12.1053 5.26316 9.46813 13.5649 13.2163 0.255551 0.6639 0.4267 0.448717 1252.55 0 0 10.8491 9.90566 0 0 0 9.90566 0 17.4528 0.943396 7.54717 0 4.71698 NA 23.5849 0 12.2642 2.83019 9.25299 13.5743 13.0527 0.0404138 0.6733 0.2631 0.325605 1848.99 4.7619 1.19048 4.16667 2.38095 0 0 0 5.35714 0 29.7619 0 8.33333 0 8.92857 NA 23.8095 4.7619 4.7619 1.78571 9.04305 14.0922 13.4634 -0.169523 1.1912 0.6738 0.565159 2445.45 0 0 12.1212 7.07071 2.0202 0.505051 0 10.101 0 22.7273 1.0101 7.07071 1.0101 9.09091 NA 13.1313 1.0101 10.101 3.0303 9.18303 13.5305 13.1022 -0.0295443 0.6295 0.3126 0.304185 2803.21 0 0 7.61905 0 1.90476 0 0 4.7619 0 29.5238 0.952381 13.3333 1.90476 13.3333 NA 3.80952 1.90476 17.1429 3.80952 8.35495 13.9052 13.3682 -0.857621 1.0042 0.5786 0.241726 3001.82 0 0 15.0376 27.0677 0 0 0 6.01504 0 26.3158 2.25564 6.01504 0 8.27068 NA 0 1.50376 7.5188 0 10.5986 14.8534 13.8018 1.38606 1.9524 1.0122 1.45022 3200.43 3.93258 3.37079 14.0449 3.93258 1.1236 0 0 2.80899 1.68539 33.1461 0.561798 5.61798 0 15.7303 NA 5.61798 2.24719 6.17978 0 10.0295 14.7809 13.9095 0.816942 1.8799 1.1199 1.27225 3399.04 0 0 32.2581 19.3548 1.84332 0 0 4.14747 0 21.659 0 1.84332 0 10.5991 NA 0 2.76498 3.68664 1.84332 10.1906 14.6579 13.774 0.978032 1.7569 0.9844 1.23978 3727.17 0 3.67647 21.3235 8.82353 2.94118 0.367647 1.10294 2.57353 0 25.3676 2.20588 10.6618 0 17.2794 NA 0 1.47059 1.47059 0.735294 11.0726 14.791 13.9068 1.86004 1.89 1.1172 1.62241 4055.34 0 0 32.7684 10.1695 1.12994 0 0 1.69492 0 18.0791 0 11.2994 0 24.8588 NA 0 0 0 0 11.4924 15.9238 14.4895 2.27981 3.0228 1.6999 2.33417 4383.51 5.15021 5.15021 12.4464 8.15451 2.57511 0 0 0.429185 0 20.1717 1.71674 8.58369 0 26.1803 NA 0 6.86695 1.71674 0.858369 11.1091 15.295 14.309 1.89655 2.394 1.5194 1.93665 4711.68 0 0 16.6667 25.4902 0 0 0 0 0 25.9804 0 4.90196 0 12.7451 NA 0 14.2157 0 0 10.7699 15.6057 14.408 1.55728 2.7047 1.6184 1.96013 4985.19 3.84615 1.0989 8.24176 9.06593 0 0 0 0.549451 0 26.6484 0.274725 3.02198 0 25.2747 NA 0 19.7802 0 2.1978 10.4556 15.291 14.3135 1.24305 2.39 1.5239 1.71898 5287.52 0 0 6.77966 27.1186 0 0 0 0 0 30.5085 0 8.47458 0 23.7288 NA 0 0 0 3.38983 12.2939 16.3916 14.8065 3.08133 3.4906 2.0169 2.86294 5589.86 3.861 2.3166 10.4247 7.33591 2.3166 0 0 1.5444 0.772201 30.1158 0 6.17761 5.40541 25.0965 NA 0 0.772201 2.3166 1.5444 10.8695 15.3403 14.2707 1.65694 2.4393 1.4811 1.85911 5892.19 0 0 4.87805 31.7073 0 0 0 0 0 26.0163 0 3.25203 0 27.6423 NA 0 1.62602 3.25203 1.62602 11.4789 16.2696 14.7803 2.26632 3.3686 1.9907 2.54187 6194.53 3.79747 0.632911 1.26582 8.86076 0 0 0 1.89873 0 43.6709 1.26582 1.89873 1.26582 12.6582 NA 0 8.86076 6.32911 7.59494 9.70975 14.8226 13.9731 0.497175 1.9216 1.1835 1.20076 6496.86 0 0 26.6932 22.3108 0 0 0 0 0 43.8247 0 0 0 0 NA 0 4.78088 0.796813 1.59363 10.1375 15.2954 13.9924 0.924906 2.3944 1.2028 1.50737 6799.2 5.61798 2.80899 23.5955 4.49438 0 0 0 0 0 45.5056 0 1.1236 0 0 NA 1.1236 10.1124 5.61798 0 9.45743 14.8341 13.756 0.244853 1.9331 0.9664 1.04812 7101.53 0 0 22.6537 13.2686 0 0 0 0 0 35.9223 0 0 0 0 NA 0 4.53074 21.3592 2.26537 8.84246 14.3817 13.56 -0.370116 1.4807 0.7704 0.626995