# Waccamaw/Savannah River Wetlands Late Holocene Multiproxy Sediment Data #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 3.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/26690 # Description: NOAA Landing Page # Online_Resource: https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/paleolimnology/northamerica/usa/georgia/savannah2017macro12-12-10-3.txt # Description: NOAA location of the template # # Original_Source_URL: # Description: # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Archive: Paleolimnology # # Dataset DOI: # # Parameter_Keywords: geochemistry, physical properties, population abundance #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2019-05-01 #-------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2019-05-01 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Waccamaw/Savannah River Wetlands Late Holocene Multiproxy Sediment Data #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Jones, M.C.; Bernhardt, C.E.; Krauss, K.W.; Noe, G.B. #-------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: Multiproxy (pollen, plant macrofossils, sediment accretion, and carbon accumulation) data from river wetlands sediment cores. # Cores are from 2 transects ranging from tidal freshwater forested wetlands (TFFW) to oligohaline marsh, along the Waccamaw and Savannah # Rivers (South Carolina and Georgia, USA) for the late Holocene (~6,000 - 1,500 years BP). #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Miriam C. Jones, Christopher E. Bernhardt, Ken W. Krauss, Gregory B. Noe # Published_Date_or_Year: 2017-12-01 # Published_Title: The Impact of Late Holocene Land Use Change, Climate Variability, and Sea Level Rise on Carbon Storage in Tidal Freshwater Wetlands on the Southeastern United States Coastal Plain # Journal_Name: Journal of Geophysical Research Biogesciences # Volume: 122 # Edition: # Issue: 12 # Pages: 3126-3141 # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1002/2017JG004015 # Online_Resource: https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/2017JG004015 # Full_Citation: # Abstract: This study examines Holocene impacts of changes in climate, land use, and sea level rise (SLR) on sediment accretion, carbon accumulation rates (CAR), and vegetation along a transect of tidal freshwater forested wetlands (TFFW) to oligohaline marsh along the Waccamaw River, South Carolina (four sites) and along the Savannah River, Georgia (four sites). We use pollen, plant macrofossils, accretion, and CAR from cores, spanning the last 1,500-6,000 years to test the hypothesis that TFFW have remained stable throughout the late Holocene and that marshes transitioned from TFFW during elevated SLR during the Medieval Climate Anomaly, with further transformation resulting from colonial land use change. Results show low and stable accretion and CAR through much of the Holocene, despite moderate changes associated with Holocene paleoclimate. In all records, the largest observed change occurred within the last ~400 years, driven by colonial land clearance, shifting terrigenous sediment into riparian wetlands, resulting in order-of-magnitude increases in accretion and C accumulation. The oligohaline marshes transitioned from TFFW ~300-500 years ago, coincident with colonial land clearance. Postcolonial decreases in CAR and accretion occur because of watershed reforestation over the last century. All sites show evidence of recent (decades to century) swamp forest decline due to increasing salinity and tidal inundation from SLR. This study suggests that allochthonous sediment input during colonialization helped maintain TFFW but that current SLR rates are too high for TFFW to persist, although higher accretion rates in oligohaline marshes increase the resilience of tidal wetlands as they transition from TFFW to marsh. #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: United States Geological Survey # Grant: Climate and Land Use Change R&D #------------------ # Site_Information # Site_Name: Savannah12-12-10-3 # Location: North America>United States Of America>Georgia # Country: United States Of America # Northernmost_Latitude: 32.17 # Southernmost_Latitude: 32.17 # Easternmost_Longitude: -81.14 # Westernmost_Longitude: -81.14 # Elevation: #------------------ # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: Savannah12-12-10-3macro # Earliest_Year: 5820 # Most_Recent_Year: -61 # Time_Unit: Cal. Year BP # Core_Length: 3.48 # Notes: Oligohaline Marsh #------------------ # Chronology_Information # Chronology: # Lab_ID depth_cm age_14C 14C error Material dated # Beta-381816 109-110 160 30 Bulk organic, picked free of roots # Beta-381817 178-180 2010 30 Bulk organic, picked free of roots # Beta-381818 269-270 3880 30 Bulk organic, picked free of roots # Beta-381820 346-347 5060 30 Bulk organic, picked free of roots # #---------------- # Variables # # Data variables follow are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Data line variables format: one per line, shortname-tab-variable components (what, material, error, units, seasonality, data type,detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data, free text) # ## depth_cm depth, , , cm, , , , ,C, Depth range ## Vascular leaf fragments Vascular leaf fragments, sediment, , count, ,Plant macrofossils,,,N, ## Juncus Juncus, sediment, , count, ,Plant macrofossils,,,N, ## Eliocharis seed Eliocharis seed, sediment, , count, ,Plant macrofossils,,,N, ## Scirpus seed Scirpus seed, sediment, , count, ,Plant macrofossils,,,N, ## Sagittaria latifolia seed Sagittaria latifolia seed, sediment, , count, ,Plant macrofossils,,,N, ## Potamageton seed Potamageton seed, sediment, , count, ,Plant macrofossils,,,N, ## charcoal charcoal, sediment, , count, ,Plant macrofossils,,,N, ## Ericaceous leaf fragment Ericaceous leaf fragment, sediment, , count, ,Plant macrofossils,,,N, ## Ericaceous seed Ericaceous seed, sediment, , count, ,Plant macrofossils,,,N, ## Ranunculus seed Ranunculus seed, sediment, , count, ,Plant macrofossils,,,N, ## Taxodium stem Taxodium stem, sediment, , count, ,Plant macrofossils,,,N, ## Vascular leaf fragments Vascular leaf fragments, sediment, , count, ,Plant macrofossils,,,N, ## Nyssa seed fragment Nyssa seed fragment, sediment, , count, ,Plant macrofossils,,,N, ## Carex seed Carex seed, sediment, , count, ,Plant macrofossils,,,N, ## Bark Bark, sediment, , count, ,Plant macrofossils,,,N, ## Leaf petiole Leaf petiole, sediment, , count, ,Plant macrofossils,,,N, ## Asclepias lanceolata leaf Asclepias lanceolata leaf, sediment, , count, ,Plant macrofossils,,,N, ## Vascular leaf fragments Vascular leaf fragments, sediment, , count, ,Plant macrofossils,,,N, ## Honeysuckle Honeysuckle, sediment, , count, ,Plant macrofossils,,,N, ## Justicia seed Justicia seed, sediment, , count, ,Plant macrofossils,,,N, # #---------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing Values: # depth_cm Vascular leaf fragments Juncus Eliocharis seed Scirpus seed Sagittaria latifolia seed Potamageton seed charcoal Ericaceous leaf fragment Ericaceous seed Ranunculus seed Taxodium stem Vascular leaf fragments Nyssa seed fragment Carex seed Bark Leaf petiole Asclepias lanceolata leaf Vascular leaf fragments Honeysuckle Justicia seed 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 19 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 30 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 40 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 50 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 60 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 70 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 80 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 90 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 102 10 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 110 0 0 1 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 120 0 0 3 2 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 130 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 140 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 150 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 160 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 170 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 180 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 190 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 200 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 210 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 220 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 230 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 240 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 250 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 260 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 270 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 280 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 290 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 300 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 310 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 320 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 330 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 340 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 350 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0