# Waccamaw/Savannah River Wetlands Late Holocene Multiproxy Sediment Data #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 3.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/26690 # Description: NOAA Landing Page # Online_Resource: https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/paleolimnology/northamerica/usa/georgia/savannah2017macro12-12-11-1.txt # Description: NOAA location of the template # # Original_Source_URL: # Description: # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Archive: Paleolimnology # # Dataset DOI: # # Parameter_Keywords: geochemistry, physical properties, population abundance #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2019-05-01 #-------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2019-05-01 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Waccamaw/Savannah River Wetlands Late Holocene Multiproxy Sediment Data #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Jones, M.C.; Bernhardt, C.E.; Krauss, K.W.; Noe, G.B. #-------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: Multiproxy (pollen, plant macrofossils, sediment accretion, and carbon accumulation) data from river wetlands sediment cores. # Cores are from 2 transects ranging from tidal freshwater forested wetlands (TFFW) to oligohaline marsh, along the Waccamaw and Savannah # Rivers (South Carolina and Georgia, USA) for the late Holocene (~6,000 - 1,500 years BP). #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Miriam C. Jones, Christopher E. Bernhardt, Ken W. Krauss, Gregory B. Noe # Published_Date_or_Year: 2017-12-01 # Published_Title: The Impact of Late Holocene Land Use Change, Climate Variability, and Sea Level Rise on Carbon Storage in Tidal Freshwater Wetlands on the Southeastern United States Coastal Plain # Journal_Name: Journal of Geophysical Research Biogesciences # Volume: 122 # Edition: # Issue: 12 # Pages: 3126-3141 # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1002/2017JG004015 # Online_Resource: https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/2017JG004015 # Full_Citation: # Abstract: This study examines Holocene impacts of changes in climate, land use, and sea level rise (SLR) on sediment accretion, carbon accumulation rates (CAR), and vegetation along a transect of tidal freshwater forested wetlands (TFFW) to oligohaline marsh along the Waccamaw River, South Carolina (four sites) and along the Savannah River, Georgia (four sites). We use pollen, plant macrofossils, accretion, and CAR from cores, spanning the last 1,500-6,000 years to test the hypothesis that TFFW have remained stable throughout the late Holocene and that marshes transitioned from TFFW during elevated SLR during the Medieval Climate Anomaly, with further transformation resulting from colonial land use change. Results show low and stable accretion and CAR through much of the Holocene, despite moderate changes associated with Holocene paleoclimate. In all records, the largest observed change occurred within the last ~400 years, driven by colonial land clearance, shifting terrigenous sediment into riparian wetlands, resulting in order-of-magnitude increases in accretion and C accumulation. The oligohaline marshes transitioned from TFFW ~300-500 years ago, coincident with colonial land clearance. Postcolonial decreases in CAR and accretion occur because of watershed reforestation over the last century. All sites show evidence of recent (decades to century) swamp forest decline due to increasing salinity and tidal inundation from SLR. This study suggests that allochthonous sediment input during colonialization helped maintain TFFW but that current SLR rates are too high for TFFW to persist, although higher accretion rates in oligohaline marshes increase the resilience of tidal wetlands as they transition from TFFW to marsh. #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: United States Geological Survey # Grant: Climate and Land Use Change R&D #------------------ # Site_Information # Site_Name: Savannah12-12-11-1 # Location: North America>United States Of America>Georgia # Country: United States Of America # Northernmost_Latitude: 32.238 # Southernmost_Latitude: 32.238 # Easternmost_Longitude: -81.155 # Westernmost_Longitude: -81.155 # Elevation: #------------------ # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: Savannah12-12-11-1macro # Earliest_Year: 4000 # Most_Recent_Year: -61 # Time_Unit: Cal. Year BP # Core_Length: 3.2 # Notes: Upper Freshwater TFFW (tidal freshwater forested wetlands) #------------------ # Chronology_Information # Chronology: # Lab_ID depth_cm age_14C 14C error Material dated # Beta-381823 68-69 590 30 Bulk organic, picked free of roots # Beta-357069 102-103 1350 30 Bulk organic, picked free of roots # Beta-420004 197-198 3010 30 Bulk organic, picked free of roots # Beta-357070 243-244 3940 30 Bulk organic, picked free of roots # Beta-357071 313-314 4010 30 Bulk organic, picked free of roots # #---------------- # Variables # # Data variables follow are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Data line variables format: one per line, shortname-tab-variable components (what, material, error, units, seasonality, data type,detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data, free text) # ## depth_cm depth, , , cm, , , , ,C, Depth range ## Trigonous Carex Trigonous Carex, sediment, , count, ,Plant macrofossils,,,N, ## Alnus serrulata catkin Alnus serrulata catkin, sediment, , count, ,Plant macrofossils,,,N, ## Alnus serrulata seeds Alnus serrulata seeds, sediment, , count, ,Plant macrofossils,,,N, ## Eliocharis seed Eliocharis seed, sediment, , count, ,Plant macrofossils,,,N, ## Scirpus seed Scirpus seed, sediment, , count, ,Plant macrofossils,,,N, ## undiff seed undiff seed, sediment, , count, ,Plant macrofossils,,,N, ## Taxodium seed fragments Taxodium seed fragments, sediment, , count, ,Plant macrofossils,,,N, ## Vascular leaf fragments Vascular leaf fragments, sediment, , count, ,Plant macrofossils,,,N, ## Nyssa seed fragment Nyssa seed fragment, sediment, , count, ,Plant macrofossils,,,N, ## undiff leaf fragments undiff leaf fragments, sediment, , count, ,Plant macrofossils,,,N, ## bark bark, sediment, , count, ,Plant macrofossils,,,N, # #---------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing Values: # Depth (cm) Trigonous Carex Alnus serrulata catkin Alnus serrulata seeds Eliocharis seed Scirpus seed undiff seed Taxodium seed fragments Vascular leaf fragments Nyssa seed fragment undiff leaf fragments bark 9-10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 19-20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 29-30 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 39-40 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 61-62 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 64-66 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 69-70 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 76-77 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 79-80 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 89-90 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 99-100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 109-110 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 119-120 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 129-130 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 135-136 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 137-138 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 139-140 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 149-150 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 168-169 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 177-178 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 178-179 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 199-200 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 209-210 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 219-220 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 229-230 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 243-244 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 249-250 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 259-260 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 269-270 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 3 279-280 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 289-290 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 299-300 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 309-310 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 314-315 0 14 16 0 0 0 1 5 0 0 0 319-320 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0