# Waccamaw/Savannah River Wetlands Late Holocene Multiproxy Sediment Data #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 3.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/26690 # Description: NOAA Landing Page # Online_Resource: https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/paleolimnology/northamerica/usa/southcarolina/waccamaw2017loi11-11-2-1.txt # Description: NOAA location of the template # # Original_Source_URL: # Description: # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Archive: Paleolimnology # # Dataset DOI: # # Parameter_Keywords: geochemistry, physical properties, population abundance #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2019-05-01 #-------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2019-05-01 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Waccamaw/Savannah River Wetlands Late Holocene Multiproxy Sediment Data #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Jones, M.C.; Bernhardt, C.E.; Krauss, K.W.; Noe, G.B. #-------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: Multiproxy (pollen, plant macrofossils, sediment accretion, and carbon accumulation) data from river wetlands sediment cores. # Cores are from 2 transects ranging from tidal freshwater forested wetlands (TFFW) to oligohaline marsh, along the Waccamaw and Savannah # Rivers (South Carolina and Georgia, USA) for the late Holocene (~6,000 - 1,500 years BP). #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Miriam C. Jones, Christopher E. Bernhardt, Ken W. Krauss, Gregory B. Noe # Published_Date_or_Year: 2017-12-01 # Published_Title: The Impact of Late Holocene Land Use Change, Climate Variability, and Sea Level Rise on Carbon Storage in Tidal Freshwater Wetlands on the Southeastern United States Coastal Plain # Journal_Name: Journal of Geophysical Research Biogesciences # Volume: 122 # Edition: # Issue: 12 # Pages: 3126-3141 # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1002/2017JG004015 # Online_Resource: https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/2017JG004015 # Full_Citation: # Abstract: This study examines Holocene impacts of changes in climate, land use, and sea level rise (SLR) on sediment accretion, carbon accumulation rates (CAR), and vegetation along a transect of tidal freshwater forested wetlands (TFFW) to oligohaline marsh along the Waccamaw River, South Carolina (four sites) and along the Savannah River, Georgia (four sites). We use pollen, plant macrofossils, accretion, and CAR from cores, spanning the last 1,500-6,000 years to test the hypothesis that TFFW have remained stable throughout the late Holocene and that marshes transitioned from TFFW during elevated SLR during the Medieval Climate Anomaly, with further transformation resulting from colonial land use change. Results show low and stable accretion and CAR through much of the Holocene, despite moderate changes associated with Holocene paleoclimate. In all records, the largest observed change occurred within the last ~400 years, driven by colonial land clearance, shifting terrigenous sediment into riparian wetlands, resulting in order-of-magnitude increases in accretion and C accumulation. The oligohaline marshes transitioned from TFFW ~300-500 years ago, coincident with colonial land clearance. Postcolonial decreases in CAR and accretion occur because of watershed reforestation over the last century. All sites show evidence of recent (decades to century) swamp forest decline due to increasing salinity and tidal inundation from SLR. This study suggests that allochthonous sediment input during colonialization helped maintain TFFW but that current SLR rates are too high for TFFW to persist, although higher accretion rates in oligohaline marshes increase the resilience of tidal wetlands as they transition from TFFW to marsh. #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: United States Geological Survey # Grant: Climate and Land Use Change R&D #------------------ # Site_Information # Site_Name: Waccamaw11-11-2-1 # Location: North America>United States Of America>Georgia # Country: United States Of America # Northernmost_Latitude: 33.55564 # Southernmost_Latitude: 33.55564 # Easternmost_Longitude: -79.08943 # Westernmost_Longitude: -79.08943 # Elevation: #------------------ # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: Waccamaw11-11-2-1LOI # Earliest_Year: 2200 # Most_Recent_Year: -61 # Time_Unit: Cal. Year BP # Core_Length: 0.78 # Notes: Oligohaline Marsh. Percent compression: 45.07; Original depth 142 #------------------ # Chronology_Information # Chronology: # Lab_ID depth_cm age_14C 14C error Material dated # Beta-348404 22-23 30 30 Bulk organic, picked free of roots # Beta-352945 31-32 220 30 Bulk organic, picked free of roots # Beta-348405 37-38 1260 30 Bulk organic, picked free of roots # Beta-348406 60-61 1850 30 Bulk organic, picked free of roots # Beta-348407 72-73 2180 30 Bulk organic, picked free of roots # Beta-344281 77-78 2030 30 Bulk organic, picked free of roots # #---------------- # Variables # # Data variables follow are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Data line variables format: one per line, shortname-tab-variable components (what, material, error, units, seasonality, data type,detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data, free text) # ## depth_cm depth, , , cm, , , , ,N, Depths are lower depths ## LOI550 organic matter, sediment, , percent, ,paleolimnology,,loss on ignition,N, LOI at 550C ## DBD density, sediment, , gram per cubic centimeter, ,paleolimnology,,,N,dry bulk density # #---------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing Values: # depth_cm LOI550 DBD 3 31.343 1.34 4 30.693 0.337 8 29.333 1.5 10 30.508 0.59 13 31.034 1.16 16 25.49 1.02 18 23.622 1.693 21 24.211 0.95 23 24 1.75 26 22.137 1.31 28 21.488 1.613 31 23.288 0.73 33 29.825 1.14 36 30 0.8 38 40.385 1.04 41 27.778 0.72 43 24.409 1.27 46 21.951 0.82 48 22.297 1.48 51 20.611 1.31 53 22.876 1.53 56 22.917 1.44 58 22.791 2.15 61 28.235 1.7 63 27.326 1.72 66 28.947 1.52 68 28.019 2.07 71 34.545 1.1 73 44.737 1.14 76 40.741 1.08 78 58.974 0.78