# Venezuelan Andes 12,000 Year Proglacial Lake Sediment Data #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # # Online_Resource: http://hurricane.ncdc.noaa.gov/pls/paleox/f?p=519:1:::::P1_STUDY_ID:16137 # # Original_Source_URL: ftp://ftp.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/paleolimnology/southamerica/venezuela/mucubaji2014dbd.txt # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Archive: Paleolimnology #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2014-03-03 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Venezuelan Andes 12,000 Year Proglacial Lake Sediment Data #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Stansell, N.D.; Polissar, P.J.; Abbott, M.B.; Bezada, M.; Steinman, B.A.; Braun, C. #-------------------- # Description_and_Notes # Description: Lake sediment data from 3 lakes in the Cordillera de Mérida, northern Venezuelan Andes, # interpreted as a local glacial variability history and climate change record. #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Nathan D. Stansell, Pratigya J. Polissar, Mark B. Abbott, Maximiliano Bezada, Byron A. Steinman, Carsten Braun # Published_Date_or_Year: 2014-04-01 # Published_Title: Proglacial lake sediment records reveal Holocene climate changes in the Venezuelan Andes # Journal_Name: Quaternary Science Reviews # Volume: 89 # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: 44-55 # DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2014.01.021 # Online_Resource: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0277379114000341 # Full_Citation: # Abstract: Lake sediment records from the Cordillera de Mérida in the northern Venezuelan Andes document the history of local glacial variability and climate changes during the Holocene (~12 ka to the present). The valleys that contain these lakes have similar bedrock compositions and hypsometries, but have different headwall elevations and aspects, which makes them useful for investigating the magnitude of past glaciations. There was widespread glacial retreat in the Venezuelan Andes during the early Holocene, after which most watersheds remained ice free, and thus far only valleys with headwalls higher than ~4400 m asl contain evidence of glaciation during the last ~10 ka. There was a pronounced shift in sediment composition for the Montos (headwall: ~4750 m asl) and Los Anteojos (headwall: ~4400 m asl) records during the middle Holocene from ~8.0 to 7.7 ka when conditions appear to have become ice free and drier. There is tentative evidence that the glacier in the Mucubají valley (headwall: ~4609 m asl) advanced from ~8.1 to 6.6 ka and then retreated during the latter stages of the middle Holocene. Clastic sediment accumulation in other nearby lake basins was either low or decreased throughout most of the middle Holocene as watersheds stabilized under warmer and/or drier conditions. In the Montos record, there was another major shift in sediment composition that occurred from ~6.5 to 5.7 ka, similar to other regional records that suggest conditions were drier during this period. Overall, the late Holocene was a period of warmer and wetter conditions with ice extent at a minimum in the northern tropical Andes. There were also punctuated decadal to multi-centennial periods of higher clastic sediment accumulation during the last ~4 ka, likely in response to periods of cooling and/or local precipitation changes. In watersheds with headwalls above 4600 m asl, there is evidence of glacial advances during the Little Ice Age (~0.6-0.1 ka). The pattern of glacial variability is generally similar in both the northern and southern tropics during the Little Ice Age, suggesting that ice margins in both regions were responding to colder and wetter conditions during the latest Holocene. The observed pattern of Holocene climate variability in the Venezuelan Andes cannot be explained by insolation forcing alone, and tropical ocean influences were likely associated with the observed glacial and lake level changes. #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: US National Science Foundation # Grant: EAR-1003780, ATM-9809472, AGS-1137750 #------------------ # Site_Information # Site_Name: Laguna de Mucubají # Location: South America>Venezuela # Country: Venezuela # Northernmost_Latitude: 8.797 # Southernmost_Latitude: 8.797 # Easternmost_Longitude: -70.828 # Westernmost_Longitude: -70.828 # Elevation: 3577 m #------------------ # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: Mucubaji2014DBD # Earliest_Year: 12013 # Most_Recent_Year: 139 # Time_Unit: CalYearBP # Core_Length: m # Notes: #------------------ # Chronology: # # Table 1 # Radiocarbon ages used in this study. The calibrated age ranges were calculated using OxCal v4.2 and the Intcal 09 dataset (Bronk Ramsey, 2008; Reimer et al., 2009). # The modeled ages were produced using the depositional model method within the OxCal program. The range represents the 2-sigma values, and the median ages are in parentheses. # The laboratory facility abbreviations are indicated in sample numbers: The Laboratory for Radiological Dating (CURL), the Center for AMS at Lawrence Livermore # National Laboratory (CAMS), the University of Arizona AMS Facility (AA), and the University of California, Irvine, W.M. Keck Carbon Cycle AMS Laboratory (UCI). # # Location Lab# Depth(cm) Measured14CAge MeasuredError(+/-) 2SigmaCalibratedAge(CalYrBP) OxcalModeledAge(CalYrBP) # Montos UCI-101244 8.75 395 25 429-(475)-510 330-(477)-512 # UCI-101389 18.75 605 15 583-(604)-649 549-(604)-650 # UCI-101245 28.75 905 35 741-(832)-913 740-(832)-915 # UCI-101507 38.75 1275 15 1178-(1228)-1269 1177-(1228)-1270 # UCI-101246 48.75 1550 25 1383-(1460)-1521 1382-(1455)-1521 # UCI-101390 68.75 2225 15 2156-(2221)-2267 2156-(2220)-2326 # UCI-101247 88.75 2740 25 2771-(2824)-2879 2770-(2825)-2918 # UCI-101506 108.75 3490 15 3704-(3766)-3829 3704-(3765)-3830 # UCI-101248 128.75 4130 25 4567-(4673)-4728 4535-(4680)-4820 # UCI-101391 138.75 4760 15 5498-(5527)-5560 5469-(5527)-5585 # UCI-101249 147.75 5040 80 5609-(5788)-5922 5606-(5749)-5902 # UCI-101508 167.75 5265 45 5929-(6052)-6129 5939-(6078)-6183 # UCI-101307 187.75 6440 20 7320-(7368)-7422 7319-(7368)-7423 # UCI-101337 207.75 7460 50 8185-(8279)-8373 8187-(8285)-8367 # UCI-101308 217.75 8450 70 9368-(9466)-9542 9301-(9462)-9542 # UCI-101509 248.5 9830 110 11066-(11269)-11709 10785-(11247)-11697 # Anteojos UCI-37622 43.5 1240 20 1081-(1201)-1264 1085-(1205)-1264 # UCI-37535 65.5 1905 20 1817-(1852)-1897 1816-(1852)-1898 # UCI-37508 85.5 2270 15 2183-(2320)-2344 2183-(2320)-2344 # UCI-37510 148.5 3620 15 3876-(3929)-3980 3877-(3930)-3980 # UCI-37536 207.5 4915 25 5594-(5632)-5710 5594-(5632)-5710 # UCI-37537 261.6 6420 20 7291-(7365)-7421 7293-(7365)-7422 # UCI-37511 325.6 8850 20 9780-(10012)-10153 9780-(10015)-10153 # UCI-37538 371.6 10180 25 11758-(11887)-12015 11758-(11885)-12006 # UCI-37539 406.1 11060 30 12755-(12958)-13100 12769-(12970)-13103 # UCI-37540 425.1 11880 35 13507-(13742)-13871 13507-(13740)-13867 # UCI-37623 446.1 12430 80 14113-(14519)-15017 14081-(14417)-14931 # UCI-37509* 113.5 1020 15 *Not used in age model # Mucubají AA-35204 54.19 635 45 547-(604)-668 547-(607)-670 # CURL-4959 67.8 1180 30 986-(1107)-1179 1001-(1117)-1231 # CAMS-96810 72.5 1365 35 1185-(1291)-1345 1182-(1290)-1340 # CURL-4960 94.42 2110 35 1992-(2082)-2295 1992-(2083)-2295 # AA-35205 113.46 2640 45 2715-(2763)-2853 2716-(2765)-2853 # CURL-4961 117.57 3100 45 3212-(3322)-3441 3167-(3306)-3403 # AA-35206 143.71 3665 80 3729-(3999)-4239 3782-(4037)-4291 # CURL-4979 152.17 4060 60 4418-(4564)-4815 4415-(4545)-4813 # AA-35207 173.89 4640 110 4980-(5357)-5593 5065-(5409)-5600 # CURL-4963 181.95 4880 45 5485-(5621)-5722 5485-(5620)-5720 # CAMS-96811 194.2 5455 40 6184-(6251)-6314 6184-(6247)-6313 # CAMS-96812 224.81 6620 200 7158-(7507)-7933 7160-(7498)-7863 # CAMS-96813 247.68 7380 100 8010-(8201)-8381 8008-(8195)-8380 # Mucubají upper terrace bog UCI-37512 126 8055 20 8977-(9001)-9024 # UCI-37513 130 8140 20 9014-(9066)-9124 # # # # #---------------- # Variables # # Data variables follow (have no #) # Data line variables format: Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-longname-tab-longname components (9 components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, archive, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) # ## depth_cm depth, , , cm, , , , ,N ## age_calBP age, , , calendar years before present, , , , ,N ## dbd Dry Bulk Density, , , g/cm^3, , , , ,N ## org% Organic matter, , , %, , , , ,N ## Clastic_flux Clastic flux, , , g cm^-2 yr^-1, , , , ,N #---------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing Values: depth_cm age_calBP dbd org% Clastic_flux 26.0 139 0.292 18.77 0.0108 30.0 201 0.269 20.36 0.0133 34.1 271 0.310 18.61 0.0128 39.1 371 0.263 19.89 0.0099 44.9 500 0.422 11.14 0.0162 48.1 578 0.289 16.55 0.0091 52.6 694 0.328 15.91 0.0097 57.5 830 0.272 16.70 0.0077 60.5 918 0.081 26.25 0.0015 64.7 1047 0.185 29.75 0.0032 68.5 1166 0.177 28.64 0.0031 72.2 1289 0.133 30.39 0.0022 78.1 1491 0.135 28.32 0.0025 88.0 1848 0.181 33.41 0.0029 96.2 2164 0.263 19.57 0.0039 100.8 2342 0.172 24.82 0.0027 104.2 2481 0.194 34.68 0.0023 108.2 2640 0.241 25.77 0.0037 109.3 2685 0.178 26.25 0.0025 111.5 2775 0.236 31.98 0.0033 115.3 2934 0.422 22.11 0.0088 118.9 3083 0.304 29.11 0.0057 123.6 3279 0.230 28.80 0.0039 127.8 3455 0.266 21.48 0.0041 133.4 3692 0.277 10.66 0.0045 138.8 3923 0.348 16.70 0.0062 141.3 4027 0.228 18.93 0.0041 150.3 4412 0.408 21.95 0.0070 155.0 4611 0.240 20.52 0.0046 160.3 4836 0.236 20.05 0.0031 166.4 5094 0.293 19.73 0.0050 171.5 5310 0.246 23.86 0.0038 177.0 5538 0.283 12.89 0.0042 181.7 5729 0.273 24.34 0.0046 187.4 5964 0.531 23.07 0.0113 189.6 6053 0.452 20.20 0.0090 193.4 6205 0.423 15.26 0.0081 196.4 6325 0.421 16.32 0.0080 199.4 6444 0.279 23.46 0.0046 201.4 6522 0.385 14.92 0.0076 203.4 6601 0.638 9.72 0.0139 207.4 6756 0.362 18.60 0.0067 210.4 6872 0.423 15.60 0.0084 213.4 6986 0.353 18.60 0.0067 216.4 7100 0.294 23.13 0.0051 218.4 7175 0.328 20.45 0.0060 220.4 7250 0.362 17.20 0.0072 222.4 7324 0.324 21.44 0.0059 226.4 7471 0.381 17.83 0.0076 230.4 7617 0.441 14.78 0.0094 233.4 7725 0.581 10.49 0.0136 236.4 7832 0.439 14.59 0.0096 240.4 7973 0.391 19.00 0.0079 242.4 8043 0.440 16.20 0.0095 244.4 8113 0.495 14.06 0.0112 245.4 8148 0.561 11.27 0.0134 247.4 8217 0.362 8.07 0.0092 249.4 8286 0.387 18.20 0.0082 252.4 8388 0.395 17.05 0.0086 255.4 8489 0.342 20.83 0.0070 258.4 8590 0.349 20.50 0.0072 261.4 8690 0.324 22.58 0.0064 264.4 8789 0.343 20.67 0.0071 267.4 8887 0.369 21.06 0.0077 270.4 8985 0.372 20.56 0.0079 273.4 9082 0.411 19.66 0.0090 276.4 9179 0.487 18.64 0.0109 279.4 9275 0.369 15.24 0.0089 282.4 9371 0.408 19.00 0.0092 285.4 9466 0.350 21.94 0.0074 288.4 9560 0.396 18.03 0.0091 290.4 9624 0.405 16.77 0.0096 293.8 9730 0.405 20.53 0.0089 296.8 9824 0.432 16.61 0.0103 299.8 9918 0.522 14.48 0.0130 302.8 10012 0.422 16.99 0.0100 305.8 10106 0.307 17.35 0.0073 307.8 10169 0.445 14.34 0.0111 309.8 10232 0.449 15.91 0.0109 311.8 10295 0.491 14.42 0.0122 313.3 10342 0.566 11.02 0.0150 315.8 10421 0.475 14.59 0.0118 318.8 10515 0.550 11.85 0.0143 321.8 10611 0.560 11.94 0.0145 324.3 10691 0.606 10.30 0.0160 326.8 10771 0.544 13.05 0.0136 329.8 10868 0.429 18.28 0.0096 332.8 10966 0.497 13.99 0.0120 335.8 11065 0.682 8.97 0.0179 338.8 11165 0.773 7.38 0.0206 341.8 11266 0.604 10.85 0.0150 344.8 11368 0.510 14.04 0.0118 347.8 11471 0.417 19.49 0.0086 350.8 11576 0.569 12.97 0.0131 353.8 11683 0.698 9.61 0.0168 356.8 11791 0.691 9.51 0.0164 359.8 11901 0.555 11.88 0.0124 362.8 12013 0.710 9.90 0.0162