Boreal Canada Regional Holocene Climate Reconstructions
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World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder
and
NOAA Paleoclimatology Program
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NOTE: PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL REFERENCE WHEN USING THIS DATA!!!!!
NAME OF DATA SET: Boreal Canada Regional Holocene Climate Reconstructions
LAST UPDATE: 6/2009 (Original receipt by WDC Paleo)
CONTRIBUTOR: Andre Viau, University of Ottawa
IGBP PAGES/WDCA CONTRIBUTION SERIES NUMBER: 2009-064
WDC PALEO CONTRIBUTION SERIES CITATION:
Viau, A.E. and K. Gajewski. 2009.
Boreal Canada Regional Holocene Climate Reconstructions.
IGBP PAGES/World Data Center for Paleoclimatology
Data Contribution Series # 2009-064.
NOAA/NCDC Paleoclimatology Program, Boulder CO, USA.
ORIGINAL REFERENCE:
Viau, A.E. and K. Gajewski. 2009.
Reconstructing Millennial-scale, Regional Paleoclimates
of Boreal Canada during the Holocene.
Journal of Climate, Vol. 22, pp. 316-330.
DOI: 10.1175/2008JCLI2342.1
ABSTRACT:
Regional paleoclimate reconstructions for northern Canada quantify
Holocene climate variability on orbital and millennial time scales
and provide a context to better understand the current global warming.
The reconstructions are based on available pollen diagrams from the
boreal and low Arctic zones of Canada and use the modern analog
technique (MAT). Four regional reconstructions document the space-
time evolution of the climate during the Holocene. Highest summer
and winter temperatures anomalies are found in central Canada during
the early Holocene. Eastern Canada was relatively cool in the early
Holocene, whereas central Canada was warmest at that time. Labrador
was relatively dry in the early to mid-Holocene during which time
western Canada was relatively moist. Millennial-scale temperature
variations, especially the Medieval Warm Period and Little Ice Age
are seen across the continent, with some suggestion of time-
transgressive changes from west to east. At the millennial scale,
precipitation anomalies are of opposite signs in eastern and western
Canada. The results herein indicate that modern increases in
temperatures in northern Canada far exceed natural millennial-scale
climate variability.
GEOGRAPHIC REGION: Northern North America
PERIOD OF RECORD: 12 KYrBP - present
FUNDING SOURCES:
Polar Climate Stability Network (PCSN) funded by the Canadian
Foundation for Climate and Atmospheric Sciences (CFCAS).
DESCRIPTION:
Regional temperature (July and Jan) and annual precipitation
reconstructions for Boreal Canada (between 50 and 70°N) based on
117 fossil pollen records for the Holocene.
Labrador region (50°-70°N, 50°-65°W)
Northern Quebec region (50°-70°N, 65°-80°W)
Central Boreal Canada (50°-70°N, 80°-120°W)
MacKenzie region (50°-70°N, 120°-140°W)
DATA:
1. Pollen Sites
Site ID Lat °N Lon °W Region
11 53.00 -85.17 Central
51 50.87 -107.93 Central
56 67.83 -115.32 Central
65 55.27 -105.27 Central
83 61.24 -100.95 Central
84 61.17 -100.92 Central
96 53.00 -98.25 Central
135 53.24 -105.73 Central
136 53.80 -106.08 Central
152 62.63 -101.23 Central
155 56.84 -101.04 Central
181 61.58 -103.48 Central
216 50.72 -99.65 Central
217 54.31 -84.56 Central
244 63.03 -100.75 Central
427 52.12 -90.08 Central
451 59.25 -114.15 Central
452 62.05 -118.70 Central
455 56.72 -119.72 Central
458 50.77 -114.60 Central
463 57.77 -112.10 Central
529 64.12 -110.57 Central
530 64.13 -110.58 Central
531 56.77 -119.48 Central
584 52.24 -117.22 Central
806 51.38 -94.25 Central
1068 50.22 -80.20 Central
1080 50.75 -116.33 Central
1152 51.65 -116.42 Central
1281 51.36 -116.35 Central
1282 51.34 -116.31 Central
2300 52.73 -118.37 Central
2301 52.78 -117.08 Central
2302 52.73 -117.62 Central
2304 52.78 -117.12 Central
3 53.33 -60.58 Labrador
4 52.52 -57.03 Labrador
6 54.58 -57.37 Labrador
29 55.33 -63.20 Labrador
41 55.67 -63.25 Labrador
48 53.60 -64.32 Labrador
49 53.58 -64.30 Labrador
80 53.23 -58.55 Labrador
98 55.03 -62.63 Labrador
106 58.20 -63.03 Labrador
109 55.47 -60.28 Labrador
124 56.07 -63.75 Labrador
148 52.45 -56.43 Labrador
160 56.78 -64.83 Labrador
173 52.27 -58.05 Labrador
177 56.53 -61.82 Labrador
188 53.52 -60.17 Labrador
193 53.05 -57.75 Labrador
219 56.77 -64.82 Labrador
229 54.40 -57.72 Labrador
245 56.63 -63.88 Labrador
246 53.58 -63.95 Labrador
251 53.95 -58.92 Labrador
270 57.38 -62.05 Labrador
282 51.52 -57.30 Labrador
854 50.03 -56.20 Labrador
871 67.05 -50.47 Labrador
972 51.60 -55.53 Labrador
1073 56.67 -64.68 Labrador
295 64.63 -138.40 MacKenzie
453 65.22 -126.12 MacKenzie
454 57.45 -120.67 MacKenzie
459 59.52 -122.17 MacKenzie
807 65.22 -127.05 MacKenzie
848 50.50 -121.50 MacKenzie
974 65.23 -126.42 MacKenzie
1140 63.02 -128.80 MacKenzie
1259 68.38 -138.38 MacKenzie
1332 53.42 -131.75 MacKenzie
1345 54.42 -131.91 MacKenzie
1346 53.27 -132.41 MacKenzie
1450 64.65 -128.08 MacKenzie
1451 64.17 -127.62 MacKenzie
1452 65.02 -127.48 MacKenzie
1549 68.27 -133.47 MacKenzie
1550 67.65 -132.02 MacKenzie
1551 69.05 -133.45 MacKenzie
1552 65.95 -135.93 MacKenzie
3170 59.20 -135.40 MacKenzie
3179 61.68 -130.65 MacKenzie
3180 60.03 -129.02 MacKenzie
3500 69.28 -133.58 MacKenzie
3501 69.12 -132.17 MacKenzie
20 54.05 -76.12 Quebec
31 55.25 -67.40 Quebec
45 54.80 -76.15 Quebec
46 53.09 -76.34 Quebec
67 54.88 -69.40 Quebec
69 54.42 -69.93 Quebec
73 60.99 -69.96 Quebec
112 66.14 -66.08 Quebec
119 54.03 -76.64 Quebec
128 54.80 -67.50 Quebec
179 57.65 -71.65 Quebec
210 57.63 -65.17 Quebec
218 58.23 -72.07 Quebec
235 50.14 -67.13 Quebec
267 55.77 -65.17 Quebec
269 55.02 -67.50 Quebec
383 54.42 -69.92 Quebec
384 54.36 -70.36 Quebec
425 60.78 -69.83 Quebec
475 57.12 -76.38 Quebec
476 58.14 -75.15 Quebec
477 58.58 -75.25 Quebec
487 58.87 -71.72 Quebec
495 58.22 -71.95 Quebec
497 58.23 -72.07 Quebec
534 56.28 -75.10 Quebec
535 56.10 -75.28 Quebec
536 58.58 -75.25 Quebec
586 57.92 -75.62 Quebec
2. Labrador region (50°-70°N, 50°-65°W) Climate Reconstructions
Time in cal/yr BP
Temperature anomalies in °C
Annual precipitation anomaly in mm.
Time JulyTanom JanTanom Ann.P.anom Site density
0 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 15
100 -0.2787 -0.5937 -26.8331 18
200 -0.0215 0.0186 4.1326 19
300 0.0095 0.3627 15.0822 23
400 -0.2774 -0.4620 -10.9449 25
500 -0.3954 -0.7936 -22.4368 25
600 -0.2424 -0.2541 -6.4595 25
700 -0.2064 0.1713 16.8173 26
800 0.0879 0.3847 44.4451 26
900 0.1104 0.0667 31.4892 26
1000 0.1986 -0.7829 -0.8615 26
1100 0.2558 -0.7992 -2.3144 26
1200 0.0511 -0.4029 1.2586 26
1300 0.0589 0.3393 20.8070 27
1400 0.1860 0.7858 33.4092 27
1500 -0.0381 0.9346 60.3212 27
1600 -0.2199 0.0327 11.7144 27
1700 -0.3729 -0.3996 -31.0106 27
1800 0.0023 -0.0033 -2.6334 27
1900 0.0313 -1.2927 -56.4519 27
2000 0.1336 -0.4304 -29.3376 27
2100 0.2208 -0.0205 -7.7533 27
2200 0.1435 0.0500 14.4355 27
2300 0.3793 0.3557 1.7260 27
2400 0.3345 0.5124 -0.4901 27
2500 0.3199 0.1861 -12.9193 27
2600 0.4498 -0.4558 -51.6051 28
2700 0.5933 -1.5755 -99.5920 28
2800 0.8147 -1.8140 -116.4356 28
2900 0.7417 -1.8345 -114.2967 28
3000 0.6165 -2.0295 -103.5551 28
3100 0.5487 -1.7973 -98.6199 28
3200 0.6347 -1.6470 -91.9091 28
3300 0.8311 -1.5199 -81.8281 28
3400 0.8606 -0.7844 -76.4626 28
3500 0.8794 -0.1984 -69.7019 28
3600 0.9101 -0.2970 -70.1062 28
3700 0.9085 -0.4202 -51.2026 28
3800 0.8432 -0.4074 -49.1636 29
3900 0.8047 -0.4245 -51.2015 29
4000 0.7788 -0.4059 -56.2799 29
4100 0.7452 -0.3280 -60.7210 29
4200 0.7300 -0.2967 -71.0099 29
4300 0.7493 -0.2787 -77.9385 29
4400 0.8947 -0.1817 -80.7578 29
4500 0.8123 -0.7591 -109.4754 29
4600 0.6207 -0.8026 -101.1544 29
4700 0.5900 -1.2058 -94.6223 29
4800 0.6351 -1.8876 -139.5898 29
4900 0.3479 -2.0358 -145.2681 29
5000 0.2964 -1.8362 -149.4054 29
5100 0.1934 -1.5640 -132.5654 29
5200 0.1302 -1.5719 -122.9801 29
5300 0.1432 -1.3937 -123.3185 29
5400 -0.0039 -1.4666 -117.7588 28
5500 -0.0366 -1.6606 -144.7456 28
5600 0.1073 -1.5489 -174.3259 28
5700 0.0732 -2.0029 -211.2040 28
5800 -0.5985 -2.5520 -196.5680 28
5900 -0.8105 -3.0586 -232.6730 27
6000 -0.8163 -3.1943 -248.6488 26
6100 -0.7646 -2.4399 -248.6868 26
6200 -0.8430 -2.0384 -242.3325 25
6300 -0.9552 -2.0670 -218.4544 25
6400 -1.0229 -2.6908 -218.5095 24
6500 -0.7515 -2.8219 -235.4006 23
6600 -0.5302 -1.4273 -213.3861 23
6700 -0.8491 -2.1591 -233.0816 23
6800 -1.0258 -2.6668 -252.0683 23
6900 -1.0160 -3.4187 -254.2474 22
7000 -0.9490 -2.9146 -204.1318 21
7100 -0.4405 -2.6096 -234.2788 21
7200 -0.2374 -2.8154 -311.4972 20
7300 -0.6967 -4.2752 -361.1124 19
7400 -1.5423 -5.8187 -374.2682 18
7500 -1.6047 -6.4041 -393.4708 18
7600 -1.6789 -6.1019 -373.9178 17
7700 -1.0125 -5.4108 -338.9668 15
7800 -1.5925 -5.4508 -302.4715 13
7900 -1.3339 -6.0566 -300.4281 13
8000 -1.1005 -6.2641 -263.5831 12
8100 -0.6830 -5.6170 -261.8722 12
8200 -0.9192 -4.9502 -245.6285 12
8300 -1.2399 -4.7490 -247.5444 12
8400 -1.6167 -4.7394 -241.9801 12
8500 -1.8929 -4.9104 -247.8900 12
8600 -2.0467 -5.4957 -279.6315 12
8700 -2.1669 -6.0753 -312.8672 12
8800 -2.1899 -6.3759 -348.3522 12
8900 -2.1727 -6.2077 -358.9173 12
9000 -2.2205 -5.9595 -360.1521 12
9100 -2.3929 -5.4674 -341.1694 12
9200 -2.4864 -5.3560 -345.5022 12
9300 -2.2365 -5.9454 -387.6952 12
9400 -2.0217 -6.8160 -435.2732 12
9500 -2.3443 -7.8282 -414.0734 12
9600 -2.7326 -8.7059 -383.6188 12
9700 -2.7832 -8.9774 -382.4803 12
9800 -2.1794 -8.5267 -424.0435 12
9900 -2.0877 -8.1608 -414.8312 12
10000 -1.6920 -9.5936 -521.9685 11
10100 -1.4615 -9.6291 -535.1083 11
10200 -1.6359 -9.6283 -537.7470 11
10300 -1.6587 -9.2613 -504.0610 11
10400 -1.7891 -8.6419 -461.7100 11
10500 -1.9621 -8.4062 -454.8704 11
10600 -2.5656 -8.8010 -489.2261 11
10700 -2.7981 -10.6943 -558.1916 10
10800 -2.7867 -11.1326 -583.7727 10
10900 -2.9421 -10.6071 -573.6813 10
11000 -3.8286 -10.7273 -538.8222 9
11100 -4.3481 -10.7525 -539.9689 9
11200 -5.0365 -12.1280 -589.5293 9
11300 -4.2164 -13.4965 -608.0363 6
11400 -3.8953 -13.9169 -576.8697 6
11500 -3.3254 -14.5686 -670.1468 5
11600 -3.6687 -13.6578 -635.3763 5
11700 -3.9315 -10.1555 -486.0790 4
11800 -3.6460 -10.2809 -550.9354 3
11900 -4.3072 -8.3995 -533.4422 2
3. Northern Quebec region (50°-70°N, 65°-80°W) Climate Reconstructions
Time in cal/yr BP
Temperature anomalies in °C
Annual precipitation anomaly in mm.
Time JulyTanom JanTanom Ann.P.anom Site density
0 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 18
100 -0.1976 0.1732 3.9545 21
200 -0.2838 0.2342 9.4821 22
300 -0.3924 -0.5867 7.0033 23
400 -0.4076 -0.9580 10.1988 24
500 -0.4513 -0.9602 25.3008 26
600 -0.4543 -0.5023 44.0317 28
700 -0.4328 -0.5641 28.0486 28
800 -0.4884 -0.8889 5.8539 28
900 -0.2423 -0.3057 23.2245 28
1000 -0.1604 -0.4874 24.1759 28
1100 -0.3434 -0.0195 44.3448 28
1200 -0.2911 -0.7364 33.3633 28
1300 -0.2590 -0.6211 45.1721 28
1400 -0.2105 -0.7863 28.4143 28
1500 -0.2027 -0.1319 41.9948 28
1600 -0.1683 0.0924 52.7082 28
1700 -0.1664 0.5330 50.7629 28
1800 -0.2217 0.6603 45.4941 28
1900 -0.1422 0.1781 32.5209 29
2000 0.0411 0.0720 5.3900 29
2100 -0.0603 0.2890 8.5124 29
2200 -0.0362 0.4955 26.4935 29
2300 -0.1277 0.1263 24.0389 29
2400 -0.1527 -0.2829 9.5016 29
2500 -0.2025 -0.0572 15.3691 29
2600 -0.1254 0.1337 14.5631 29
2700 -0.1046 0.2696 25.5268 29
2800 -0.2091 0.3975 12.0494 29
2900 -0.1017 0.2064 -2.1973 29
3000 0.1612 -0.0330 -19.4490 29
3100 0.2399 -0.1132 -16.3383 29
3200 0.3461 0.2477 2.6127 29
3300 0.1518 -0.4554 -10.3099 29
3400 -0.0569 -0.4839 -6.3948 29
3500 0.0966 -0.3258 -13.4717 29
3600 0.0483 -0.2599 -0.8355 29
3700 -0.1434 0.1635 22.7231 29
3800 -0.2017 -0.4042 23.3987 29
3900 0.1490 -0.5089 -5.9750 29
4000 0.1117 -1.2002 -31.0049 29
4100 -0.0066 -0.9953 -28.1743 29
4200 0.0431 -0.9608 -37.4064 29
4300 0.1135 -1.0972 -39.4748 29
4400 -0.0967 -0.9505 -15.3461 29
4500 -0.2725 -1.1696 -25.6573 29
4600 -0.3222 -0.9692 -21.9646 29
4700 -0.4113 -0.9604 -24.8896 29
4800 -0.2741 -1.4721 -51.4433 29
4900 -0.3864 -1.5140 -40.3023 29
5000 -0.3976 -1.4252 -30.1294 29
5100 -0.3743 -1.6373 -46.2344 29
5200 -0.2978 -1.1950 -58.5921 28
5300 -0.3665 -1.2244 -62.6417 28
5400 -0.4686 -1.3727 -60.6797 28
5500 -0.3955 -1.2960 -62.1417 28
5600 -0.2655 -1.1913 -72.7600 28
5700 -0.2040 -1.3291 -85.9258 27
5800 -0.1596 -1.0815 -74.2476 27
5900 -0.2093 -1.3284 -73.5905 27
6000 -0.3580 -2.0018 -72.1226 26
6100 -0.5334 -1.8486 -78.0742 26
6200 -0.6546 -1.7502 -80.5423 26
6300 -0.9153 -1.5466 -59.1675 26
6400 -0.9796 -1.4611 -59.5831 25
6500 -0.9727 -1.2800 -37.3489 25
6600 -0.8341 -1.0436 -33.8056 24
6700 -0.6882 -0.9769 -44.6222 23
6800 -0.4149 -1.0947 -55.3744 21
6900 -0.1736 -0.6717 -53.9045 21
7000 -0.1195 -0.6015 -51.2200 18
7100 -0.1831 -0.1782 -40.8874 17
7200 -0.2056 0.5420 -10.7906 16
7300 -0.3364 -0.4604 -65.5343 16
7400 -0.3457 0.3579 -20.9015 14
7500 -0.0998 0.2569 -26.5461 13
7600 0.3923 0.8241 -49.0909 11
7700 -0.2583 0.5776 -56.2934 11
7800 0.0945 -0.2487 -49.5858 11
7900 1.2318 1.2976 -8.9124 9
8000 1.4434 1.6441 5.0638 8
8100 1.0611 1.0852 -32.2441 7
8200 1.1030 0.1064 -41.2645 6
8300 0.5278 -1.0012 -49.2226 6
8400 0.4924 1.0355 -15.9520 5
8500 -0.2920 0.1382 -43.0496 3
8600 -0.8169 -1.0228 -84.4948 2
8700 -1.8870 -1.4424 -113.2365 2
8800 -2.9115 -1.8238 -139.3551 2
8900 -3.0702 -1.4799 -115.6337 2
9000 -3.2290 -1.1360 -91.9124 2
4. Central Boreal Canada (50°-70°N, 80°-120°W) Climate Reconstructions
Time in cal/yr BP
Temperature anomalies in °C
Annual precipitation anomaly in mm.
Time JulyTanom JanTanom Ann.P.anom Site density
0 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 21
100 -0.0209 -0.1275 7.0695 26
200 0.1072 0.1627 -0.5736 28
300 0.0430 0.1197 -0.4955 30
400 0.0127 0.2505 -5.1846 34
500 0.1379 0.4779 -9.3401 34
600 0.1943 0.6497 0.2363 34
700 0.1439 0.7792 8.4991 35
800 0.1740 0.9042 7.4195 35
900 0.3598 0.9326 3.9679 35
1000 0.8102 1.1190 8.2454 35
1100 0.8275 1.0487 12.0645 34
1200 0.3964 0.7708 -1.4009 34
1300 0.1322 0.6910 2.4208 34
1400 0.1966 1.4558 -6.2998 34
1500 0.1586 0.9011 20.7422 34
1600 -0.0254 0.5852 14.8457 34
1700 -0.1318 0.4711 7.8027 35
1800 -0.1876 0.3814 -0.1408 35
1900 -0.1857 0.3814 -11.1431 35
2000 -0.2066 0.7328 -2.7518 35
2100 -0.0825 1.1863 18.7381 35
2200 0.1542 1.0538 22.1346 35
2300 0.1859 1.3789 27.6336 34
2400 0.2180 1.4187 23.3489 34
2500 0.3710 1.5529 31.2362 34
2600 0.3723 1.3910 31.3070 34
2700 0.1704 1.0767 24.9481 34
2800 0.1222 1.2860 36.3027 34
2900 0.2500 2.0206 2.0477 34
3000 0.4316 1.9745 1.5475 34
3100 0.4881 1.0195 1.3930 35
3200 0.6592 1.1699 -4.1205 34
3300 0.4749 1.2097 -14.7033 34
3400 0.6347 0.8182 -13.4620 34
3500 0.7081 1.1804 8.4925 34
3600 0.5552 1.5308 16.4859 34
3700 0.5707 1.3049 19.1233 34
3800 0.5055 1.6427 12.5585 34
3900 0.5650 1.0262 8.8931 34
4000 0.4789 0.8304 7.5087 34
4100 0.5114 0.8930 34.1463 34
4200 0.5815 1.2584 36.9023 32
4300 0.7547 0.7899 9.6657 32
4400 0.9301 1.2472 28.4014 32
4500 1.0508 1.2668 14.3955 32
4600 1.1449 1.7021 22.6761 32
4700 1.0929 1.7876 28.3248 32
4800 0.8473 1.8931 40.3006 32
4900 0.7008 1.7573 31.4730 32
5000 0.6646 1.9715 40.4682 32
5100 0.8550 2.1232 38.3622 32
5200 0.5652 2.0609 40.8552 32
5300 0.7533 1.9606 52.9607 32
5400 0.5452 1.4257 55.5177 31
5500 0.7835 1.5010 57.5481 31
5600 0.8821 1.8255 54.3174 31
5700 0.6685 1.4196 51.1579 31
5800 1.0306 1.8274 49.9677 31
5900 0.9674 1.4980 33.0534 32
6000 0.5909 0.9165 36.2209 32
6100 0.7762 1.7383 43.0573 32
6200 0.7741 2.2296 49.7427 32
6300 0.3840 1.0731 28.7301 32
6400 0.4900 0.7322 -0.5718 31
6500 0.0860 0.5786 0.1733 31
6600 0.1336 0.6403 1.3873 31
6700 0.3224 1.2639 15.9683 30
6800 0.6560 1.9259 25.6086 29
6900 0.7679 1.8654 18.5101 29
7000 0.2912 1.1018 12.3571 29
7100 0.2382 0.8921 1.5523 29
7200 0.2579 0.7539 -13.1503 28
7300 0.3600 1.1324 -7.5655 28
7400 0.6870 1.5009 11.1855 28
7500 0.6800 1.4923 3.1058 27
7600 0.7649 1.9213 17.9353 26
7700 1.1064 2.5382 26.6195 26
7800 0.8821 1.6757 -13.7631 26
7900 0.9680 1.6498 -6.2384 25
8000 0.7228 1.3538 -4.2692 25
8100 0.4988 1.0644 -15.5754 25
8200 1.1880 1.9467 -29.2198 24
8300 2.0268 2.0310 -35.9765 24
8400 1.8454 1.2190 -48.9732 24
8500 1.7649 1.0084 -55.9033 24
8600 1.0007 0.3091 -39.9118 24
8700 0.7974 0.6104 -13.7498 24
8800 1.7513 1.4672 -20.0262 24
8900 2.2030 1.7657 -32.8494 23
9000 1.8747 1.1514 -44.4038 23
9100 2.0948 1.0845 -56.5111 22
9200 2.2492 1.9589 -47.9293 22
9300 1.4209 1.1556 -56.3363 22
9400 1.1654 0.8614 -43.2060 21
9500 1.3624 1.0983 -43.6072 20
9600 1.7245 1.8877 -55.2966 20
9700 1.7488 2.0659 -44.2708 20
9800 2.2211 1.9975 -80.8425 20
9900 2.7031 2.2220 -106.4913 20
10000 2.8062 2.8395 -98.8011 20
10100 2.5076 2.8955 -111.0280 19
10200 2.5001 2.7986 -130.6757 17
10300 2.3013 2.8162 -111.2805 17
10400 1.4158 2.7910 -65.8827 17
10500 1.4035 3.0756 -61.3912 17
10600 1.6373 3.6562 -57.3312 16
10700 2.1037 3.8071 -67.2017 16
10800 1.3842 2.5588 -67.3668 15
10900 1.7770 2.7818 -63.9850 14
11000 1.8215 2.9526 -61.8125 14
11100 1.7399 3.2454 -72.4122 14
11200 2.0449 3.2845 -105.2780 13
11300 2.3534 3.6745 -133.4058 12
11400 2.1261 3.5182 -132.3033 12
11500 2.0050 3.3988 -107.6688 12
11600 1.5597 3.6913 -84.9694 11
11700 2.4089 3.8776 -90.2200 10
11800 2.0480 4.5325 -44.5302 8
11900 0.9243 2.9163 -75.6649 6
5. MacKenzie region (50°-70°N, 120°-140°W) Climate Reconstructions
Time in cal/yr BP
Temperature anomalies in °C
Annual precipitation anomaly in mm.
Time JulyTanom JanTanom Ann.P.anom Site density
0 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 15
100 -0.1359 -0.3372 -0.5813 22
200 -0.2878 -0.4330 7.6891 23
300 -0.3899 -0.4562 16.0917 24
400 -0.4632 -0.3796 25.1868 24
500 -0.3988 -0.2460 16.1308 24
600 -0.2759 -0.2607 -0.8407 24
700 -0.2729 -0.3679 -13.2102 24
800 -0.0867 -0.2756 -7.0783 24
900 -0.0791 -0.1985 7.7366 24
1000 -0.2160 -0.0855 51.3600 24
1100 0.0091 0.5431 104.3361 24
1200 0.2347 0.7943 65.4734 24
1300 -0.0154 -0.3764 -1.7923 24
1400 0.1075 -0.3029 0.2765 24
1500 0.0934 -0.4272 -2.6009 24
1600 0.1230 -0.2409 -3.8124 24
1700 0.1611 -0.3674 -5.3062 24
1800 0.0402 -0.3245 -2.1232 24
1900 -0.1895 -0.3869 4.4396 24
2000 -0.1561 -0.0941 5.1366 24
2100 0.1513 -0.1173 -3.0288 24
2200 0.1696 -0.1178 -1.9337 24
2300 0.1961 -0.3551 -2.0784 24
2400 0.1181 -0.3032 1.9028 24
2500 -0.0178 -0.2204 10.8539 24
2600 -0.0103 -0.1663 17.7487 24
2700 0.0450 -0.2263 13.1890 24
2800 -0.1095 -0.4675 11.0671 24
2900 -0.3715 -0.6384 16.3958 24
3000 -0.3336 -0.5629 17.7297 24
3100 -0.2453 -0.5345 17.0567 24
3200 -0.3886 -0.6725 19.5803 23
3300 -0.4263 -0.7185 19.8077 23
3400 -0.5423 -0.8348 22.4766 23
3500 -0.8014 -1.0299 30.1389 23
3600 -0.8611 -1.1703 34.2973 23
3700 -0.8125 -1.1615 33.6474 23
3800 -0.6916 -1.0367 31.2615 23
3900 -0.8327 -0.9895 37.2427 23
4000 -0.9839 -0.8930 40.4173 23
4100 -0.8253 -0.5911 38.3797 23
4200 -0.6015 -0.3093 32.1697 23
4300 -0.5169 -0.1404 20.9472 23
4400 -0.3459 0.1173 19.0021 23
4500 -0.1528 0.1285 27.9880 23
4600 0.0094 0.2216 37.3800 23
4700 0.0220 0.4015 47.1658 23
4800 -0.0054 0.6106 57.0351 23
4900 0.1077 0.6870 59.2307 23
5000 0.2185 0.6342 53.8354 23
5100 0.2025 0.3770 44.8718 23
5200 0.1672 0.2286 40.2517 23
5300 0.2335 0.3364 35.6904 23
5400 0.2150 0.3073 38.9586 23
5500 0.0825 0.3466 47.2826 23
5600 0.1152 0.3469 38.3255 23
5700 -0.2163 0.1764 35.0359 23
5800 -0.1330 0.2355 32.5129 23
5900 -0.2128 0.4793 40.3194 23
6000 -0.2424 0.2079 45.5672 23
6100 -0.0446 0.0481 49.7752 23
6200 -0.0960 -0.2721 45.3984 23
6300 -0.0995 0.0860 54.5087 23
6400 0.1464 0.2767 33.3888 23
6500 0.3431 0.1888 8.4415 23
6600 0.0396 0.2867 13.8400 23
6700 0.0822 0.3235 5.2555 23
6800 0.1343 0.4804 21.5386 23
6900 0.3023 0.5118 27.7758 23
7000 0.0452 0.5843 61.0193 23
7100 0.0086 0.3454 83.3188 23
7200 -0.0512 0.1250 118.8428 23
7300 -0.4304 -0.5773 124.3616 23
7400 -0.8118 -1.5909 100.8510 23
7500 -0.1686 -1.5518 70.8236 23
7600 0.2716 -1.0147 31.2551 23
7700 0.4434 -0.7240 24.4262 23
7800 0.3266 -0.5222 50.1378 23
7900 0.2047 -0.3956 56.7325 23
8000 -0.0900 0.1347 110.7025 21
8100 -0.5175 -0.0100 133.5973 21
8200 -0.4627 0.2340 150.7811 21
8300 -0.1565 0.7214 163.4522 21
8400 -0.3454 0.3382 184.9512 21
8500 -0.4045 0.1224 211.2872 21
8600 0.1007 0.7973 201.6561 21
8700 0.1149 1.0024 170.2504 21
8800 -0.1877 0.4782 122.0253 21
8900 -0.2014 0.2336 84.3275 21
9000 0.2486 0.8688 89.6255 21
9100 0.3512 1.2645 87.3956 21
9200 0.0515 0.7156 52.9195 21
9300 -0.0674 0.3047 30.9059 21
9400 -0.1041 0.0612 28.3320 21
9500 -0.2051 -0.2428 36.4241 21
9600 -0.4983 -0.4680 53.7024 21
9700 -0.9114 0.0140 72.8881 21
9800 -1.0637 0.0262 49.3233 21
9900 -1.1428 0.3863 49.5368 21
10000 -1.0184 0.4063 49.2905 21
10100 -1.0143 0.6281 55.2060 21
10200 -0.9184 0.6196 58.8249 21
10300 -0.8629 0.8407 64.0854 21
10400 -1.0604 0.7806 77.8046 21
10500 -1.3072 0.9024 78.6007 21
10600 -1.5399 1.7544 77.2342 21
10700 -1.9269 1.0121 72.4735 20
10800 -1.8468 1.6360 55.2261 20
10900 -2.2635 1.6183 37.1192 20
11000 -2.3719 1.9079 -7.3152 19
11100 -2.4755 2.3226 -11.6639 19
11200 -2.1708 1.3471 -14.3931 18
11300 -1.8835 1.3977 -6.7893 18
11400 -1.4980 1.2564 13.5732 17
11500 -1.5778 1.2364 23.0914 14
11600 -1.4760 0.2049 -31.3064 12
11700 -1.1558 0.1563 -13.1679 8
11800 1.6450 2.0791 -121.6193 5