# Laacher See, Germany 13,000 YrBP Volcanic Eruption Radiocarbon Dates #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 3.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/33194 # Description: NOAA Landing Page # Online_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/radiocarbon/laacher-see2021c14model.txt # Description: NOAA location of the template # # Original_Source_URL: # Description: # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Data Type: Other Collections # # Dataset DOI: # # Parameter_Keywords: others #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2021-07-01 #-------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2021-07-01 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Laacher See, Germany 13,000 YrBP Volcanic Eruption Radiocarbon Dates #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Reinig, F.; Wacker, L.; Jöris, O.; Oppenheimer, C.; Guidobaldi, G.; Nievergelt, D.; Adolphi, F.; Cherubini, P.; Engels, S.; Esper, J.; Land, A.; Lane, C.; Pfanz, H.; Remmele, S.; Sigl, M.; Sookdeo, A.; Büntgen, U. #-------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: High-resolution radiocarbon dates of three trees killed and buried during the Laacher See eruption, to establish a refined date with only minimal dating uncertainty. # # Reinig et al. 2021 Supplementary Table 1, Overview of sample origin, quality and performed measurements # Sample Find Location Source Material preserved Embedding material Methods applied (Y/N) # (Lat; Long) Wood anatomy X-Ray 14C Dating # Poplar 1 Unknown* University of Hohenheim intact cellulose MLST?* N N Y # Poplar 2 Römerbergwerk Meurin (50 23'46.7"N; 7 21'11.2" E) RGZM-competence centre VAT charcoal MLST Ignimbrite N Y Y # Birch 1 Brohltal, site 1 (50 28'32.7"N; 7 19'29.1"E) RGZM-MONREPOS Tree 1** charcoal MLST Ignimbrite N Y Y # Birch 2 Unknown*** (found by monks) near (50 24'08.3"N 7 15'13.0"E) University of Duisburg-Essen charcoal w. partly intact cellulose LST**** Y N N # Birch 3 Unknown*** (found by monks) near (50 24'08.3"N 7 15'13.0"E) University of Duisburg-Essen charcoal LST**** Y N N # # * possibly from the Kruft site, discovered and excavated in summer 1996, possibly previously 14C-dated at the Heidelberg laboratory ref 1,2,3; # ** identical to tree 1, discovered (Nov 29th) and excavated (Dec 9th) 1986, previously 14C-dated at the Heidelberg laboratory (Hd-17100: 11206 ± 20 BP (ref.2,3)); # *** most likely found near monastry; # **** not documented which unit within the LST deposits, however most likely MLST. # #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Frederick Reinig, Lukas Wacker, Olaf Jöris, Clive Oppenheimer, Giulia Guidobaldi, Daniel Nievergelt, Florian Adolphi, Paolo Cherubini, Stefan Engels, Jan Esper, Alexander Land, Christine Lane, Hardy Pfanz, Sabine Remmele, Michael Sigl, Adam Sookdeo, Ulf Büntgen # Published_Date_or_Year: 2021-06-30 # Published_Title: Precise date for the Laacher See eruption synchronizes the Younger Dryas # Journal_Name: Nature # Volume: 595 # Edition: # Issue: 7865 # Pages: 66-69 # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03608-x # Online_Resource: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-021-03608-x # Full_Citation: # Abstract: The Laacher See eruption (LSE) in Germany ranks among Europe's largest volcanic events of the Upper Pleistocene. Although tephra deposits of the LSE represent an important isochron for the synchronization of proxy archives at the Late Glacial to Early Holocene transition, uncertainty in the age of the eruption has prevailed. Here we present dendrochronological and radiocarbon measurements of subfossil trees that were buried by pyroclastic deposits that firmly date the LSE to 13,006 ± 9 calibrated years before present (bp; taken as ad 1950), which is more than a century earlier than previously accepted. The revised age of the LSE necessarily shifts the chronology of European varved lakes relative to the Greenland ice core record, thereby dating the onset of the Younger Dryas to 12,807 ± 12 calibrated years bp, which is around 130 years earlier than thought. Our results synchronize the onset of the Younger Dryas across the North Atlantic-European sector, preclude a direct link between the LSE and Greenland Stadial-1 cooling, and suggest a large-scale common mechanism of a weakened Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation under warming conditions. #------------------ # Publication # Authors: Baales, M., Bittmann, F., Kromer, B. # Published_Date_or_Year: 1998 # Published_Title: Verkohlte Bäume im Trass der Laacher See-Tephra bei Kruft (Neuwieder Becken): Ein Beitrag zur Datierung des Laacher See-Ereignisses und zur Vegetation der Allerød-Zeit am Mittelrhein. # Journal_Name: Archäologisches Korrespondenzblatt # Volume: 28 # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: 191-204 # Report_Number: # DOI: # Online_Resource: # Full_Citation: # Abstract: #------------------ # Publication # Authors: Kromer, B., Spurk, M., Remmele, S., Barbetti, M., Joniello, V. # Published_Date_or_Year: 1998 # Published_Title: Segments of Atmospheric 14 C Change as Derived from Late Glacial and Early Holocene Floating Tree-Ring Series # Journal_Name: Radiocarbon # Volume: 40 # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: 351-358 # Report_Number: # DOI: # Online_Resource: # Full_Citation: # Abstract: #------------------ # Publication # Authors: Baales, M. et al. # Published_Date_or_Year: 2002 # Published_Title: Impact of the Late Glacial eruption of the Laacher See volcano, central Rhineland, Germany # Journal_Name: Quaternary Research # Volume: 58 # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: 273-288 # Report_Number: # DOI: # Online_Resource: # Full_Citation: # Abstract: #------------------ # Publication # Authors: Reinig, F. et al. # Published_Date_or_Year: 2018 # Published_Title: New tree-ring evidence for the Late Glacial period from the northern pre-Alps in eastern Switzerland # Journal_Name: Quaternary Science Reviews # Volume: 186 # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: 215-224 # Report_Number: # DOI: # Online_Resource: # Full_Citation: # Abstract: #------------------ # Publication # Authors: Reimer, P.J. et al. # Published_Date_or_Year: 2020 # Published_Title: The IntCal20 Northern Hemisphere radiocarbon age calibration curve (0-55 kcal BP) # Journal_Name: Radiocarbon # Volume: # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: 1-33 # Report_Number: # DOI: # Online_Resource: # Full_Citation: # Abstract: #------------------ # Publication # Authors: Kaiser, K.F. # Published_Date_or_Year: 1993 # Published_Title: Beiträge zur Klimageschichte vom späten Hochglazial bis ins frühe Holozän: rekonstruiert mit Jahrringen und Molluskenschalen aus verschiedenen Vereisungsgebieten # Journal_Name: Ziegler # Volume: # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: # Report_Number: # DOI: # Online_Resource: # Full_Citation: # Abstract: #------------------ # Publication # Authors: Bronk Ramsey, C. # Published_Date_or_Year: 2008 # Published_Title: Deposition models for chronological records # Journal_Name: Quaternary Science Reviews # Volume: 27 # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: 42-60 # Report_Number: # DOI: # Online_Resource: # Full_Citation: # Abstract: #------------------ # Publication # Authors: Bronk Ramsey, C. # Published_Date_or_Year: 2009 # Published_Title: Dealing with Outliers and Offsets in Radiocarbon Dating # Journal_Name: Radiocarbon # Volume: 51 # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: 1023-1045 # Report_Number: # DOI: # Online_Resource: # Full_Citation: # Abstract: #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: # Grant: #------------------ # Site_Information # Site_Name: Laacher See # Location: Europe>Western Europe>Germany # Country: Germany # Northernmost_Latitude: 50.4167 # Southernmost_Latitude: 50.4167 # Easternmost_Longitude: 7.267 # Westernmost_Longitude: 7.267 # Elevation: #------------------ # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: LaacherSee2021C14model # Earliest_Year: 13101 # Most_Recent_Year: 13006 # Time_Unit: Cal. Year BP # Core_Length: # Notes: Radiocarbon (14C) modelling result of matching Poplar 1 to the SWILM-14C record using the D_Sequence function in OxCal 4.3; Reinig et al. 2021 Supplementary Table 8 #------------------ # Chronology_Information # Chronology: # #---------------- # Variables # # Data variables follow are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Data line variables format: one per line, shortname-tab-variable components (what, material, error, units, seasonality, data type,detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data, free text) # ## TreeLabel sample identification,,,,,tree ring,,,C, ## TRNum sample identification, , , , , tree ring, , ,C, Tree Ring Number ## LabNumber sample identification,,,,,other collections,,,C, Lab Number ## 14Cage age, cellulose, , calendar year before present, , other collections, , ,N, 14C age ## 14C+- age, cellulose, one standard deviation, year, , other collections, , ,N, 14C Uncertainty (± 1 sigma) ## age- age, , lower 95% confidence limit, calendar year before present, , other collections, , ,N, Modeled age range lower ## age+ age, , upper 95% confidence limit, calendar year before present, , other collections, , ,N, Modeled age range upper # #---------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing Values: # TreeLabel TRNum LabNumber 14Cage 14C+- age- age+ Poplar 1 1 ETH-92239 11200 20 13101 13099 Poplar 1 2 ETH-92240 11233 23 13100 13098 Poplar 1 4 ETH-91989 11136 21 13098 13096 Poplar 1 5 ETH-92242 11137 21 13097 13095 Poplar 1 6 ETH-92243 11164 21 13096 13094 Poplar 1 7 ETH-91990 11127 18 13095 13093 Poplar 1 8 ETH-91991 11137 21 13094 13092 Poplar 1 9 ETH-91992 11130 17 13093 13091 Poplar 1 10 ETH-91993 11109 21 13092 13090 Poplar 1 11 ETH-91994 11155 17 13091 13089 Poplar 1 12 ETH-91995 11122 21 13090 13088 Poplar 1 13 ETH-91996 11125 18 13089 13087 Poplar 1 14 ETH-91997 11090 21 13088 13086 Poplar 1 15 ETH-91998 11092 17 13086 13084 Poplar 1 16 ETH-91999 11078 21 13085 13083 Poplar 1 17.5 ETH-92244 11057 22 13087 13085 Poplar 1 24 ETH-92000 11081 18 13078 13076 Poplar 1 25 ETH-92001 11052 21 13077 13075 Poplar 1 26 ETH-92002 11075 18 13076 13074 Poplar 1 27 ETH-92003 11061 21 13075 13073 Poplar 1 28 ETH-92004 11083 17 13074 13072 Poplar 1 29 ETH-92005 11103 21 13073 13071 Poplar 1 30 ETH-92006 11072 17 13072 13070 Poplar 1 31 ETH-92007 11088 21 13071 13069 Poplar 1 32 ETH-92008 11091 17 13070 13068 Poplar 1 33 ETH-92009 11056 21 13069 13067 Poplar 1 34 ETH-92010 11073 17 13068 13066 Poplar 1 35 ETH-92011 11033 21 13067 13065 Poplar 1 36 ETH-92012 11041 17 13066 13064 Poplar 1 37 ETH-92013 11065 21 13065 13063 Poplar 1 38 ETH-92245 11080 22 13064 13062 Poplar 1 39 ETH-92246 11090 21 13063 13061 Poplar 1 40 ETH-92247 11066 22 13062 13060 Poplar 1 41 ETH-92248 11089 21 13061 13059 Poplar 1 42 ETH-92249 11124 22 13060 13058 Poplar 1 43 ETH-92250 11122 21 13059 13057 Poplar 1 44 ETH-92251 11082 22 13058 13056 Poplar 1 45 ETH-92252 10999 21 13057 13055 Poplar 1 46 ETH-92253 11032 22 13056 13054 Poplar 1 47 ETH-92254 10992 21 13055 13053 Poplar 1 48 ETH-92255 11008 22 13054 13052 Poplar 1 49 ETH-92256 11006 20 13053 13051 Poplar 1 50 ETH-92257 11036 22 13052 13050 Poplar 1 51 ETH-92258 11055 21 13051 13049 Poplar 1 52 ETH-92259 11088 22 13050 13048 Poplar 1 53 ETH-92014 11065 17 13049 13047 Poplar 1 54 ETH-94005 11054 32 13048 13046 Poplar 1 55 ETH-94006 11047 30 13047 13045 Poplar 1 56 ETH-94007 11033 32 13046 13044 Poplar 1 57 ETH-94008 11048 30 13045 13043 Poplar 1 58 ETH-94009 11021 32 13044 13042 Poplar 1 59 ETH-94010 11070 30 13043 13041 Poplar 1 60 ETH-94011 11059 32 13042 13040 Poplar 1 61 ETH-94012 11072 30 13041 13039 Poplar 1 62 ETH-94013 11070 32 13040 13038 Poplar 1 63 ETH-92015 11046 21 13039 13037 Poplar 1 65 ETH-94015 11057 32 13037 13035 Poplar 1 66 ETH-94016 11073 30 13036 13034 Poplar 1 67 ETH-94017 11105 32 13035 13033 Poplar 1 68 ETH-94018 11108 30 13034 13032 Poplar 1 69 ETH-94019 11121 33 13033 13031 Poplar 1 70 ETH-94020 11105 31 13032 13030 Poplar 1 71 ETH-94021 11089 32 13031 13029 Poplar 1 72 ETH-94022 11111 31 13030 13028 Poplar 1 73 ETH-92016 11086 17 13029 13027 Poplar 1 74 ETH-94023 11037 32 13028 13026 Poplar 1 75 ETH-92260 11092 21 13027 13025 Poplar 1 76 ETH-92261 11087 22 13026 13024 Poplar 1 77 ETH-92262 11056 21 13025 13023 Poplar 1 78 ETH-92263 11104 22 13024 13022 Poplar 1 79 ETH-92264 11057 21 13023 13021 Poplar 1 80 ETH-92265 11085 22 13022 13020 Poplar 1 81 ETH-92266 11070 21 13021 13019 Poplar 1 82 ETH-92267 11116 22 13020 13018 Poplar 1 83 ETH-92017 11102 21 13019 13017 Poplar 1 84.5 ETH-92268 11066 21 13018 13016 Poplar 1 86 ETH-92269 11060 21 13016 13014 Poplar 1 87 ETH-92270 11054 22 13015 13013 Poplar 1 88 ETH-92271 11072 22 13014 13012 Poplar 1 89 ETH-92272 11044 22 13013 13011 Poplar 1 90 ETH-92273 11100 22 13012 13010 Poplar 1 91 ETH-92274 11051 21 13011 13009 Poplar 1 92 ETH-92275 11092 22 13010 13008 Poplar 1 93 ETH-92018 11002 21 13009 13007 Poplar 1 94 ETH-92276 11068 21 13008 13006