# northamerica_usa_sc006 - Black River South Carolina - Breitenmoser Tree Ring Chronology Data #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # # Online_Resource: # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/24611 # # Original_Source_URL:https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/8545 # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Archive: Tree Rings #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2016-01-07 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: northamerica_usa_sc006 - Black River South Carolina - Breitenmoser Tree Ring Chronology Data #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Breitenmoser, P.; Bronnimann, S.; Frank, D. #-------------------- # Description_and_Notes # Description: Data from Breitenmoser 2014 Journal of past Climate supplementary, see publication for ARSTAN standardization details #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Breitenmoser, P.; Bronnimann, S.; Frank, D. # Published_Date_or_Year: 2014-03-11 # Published_Title: Forward modelling of tree-ring width and comparison with a global network of tree-ring chronologies # Journal_Name: Climate of the Past # Volume: 10 # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: 437-449 # DOI: 10.5194/cp-10-437-2014 # Online_Resource: www.clim-past.net/10/437/2014/ # Full_Citation: # Abstract: We investigate relationships between climate and tree-ring data on a global scale using the process-based Vaganov–Shashkin Lite (VSL) forward model of tree-ring width formation. The VSL model requires as inputs only latitude, monthly mean temperature, and monthly accumulated precipitation. Hence, this simple, process-based model enables ring-width simulation at any location where monthly climate records exist. In this study, we analyse the growth response of simulated tree rings to monthly climate conditions obtained from the CRU TS3.1 data set back to 1901. Our key aims are (a) to assess the VSL model performance by examining the relations between simulated and observed growth at 2287 globally distributed sites, (b) indentify optimal growth parameters found during the model calibration, and (c) to evaluate the potential of the VSL model as an observation operator for data-assimilation-based reconstructions of climate from tree-ring width. The assessment of the growth-onset threshold temperature of approximately 4–6 C for most sites and species using a Bayesian estimation approach complements other studies on the lower temperature limits where plant growth may be sustained. Our results suggest that the VSL model skilfully simulates site level treering series in response to climate forcing for a wide range of environmental conditions and species. Spatial aggregation of the tree-ring chronologies to reduce non-climatic noise at the site level yielded notable improvements in the coherence between modelled and actual growth. The resulting distinct and coherent patterns of significant relationships between the aggregated and simulated series further demonstrate the VSL model’s ability to skilfully capture the climatic signal contained in tree-ring series. Finally, we propose that the VSL model can be used as an observation operator in data assimilation approaches to reconstruct past climate. #-------------------- # Authors: Anderson, D.M., Tardif, R., Horlick, K., Erb, M.P., Hakim, G.J., Noone, D., Perkins, W.A., and E. Steig # Published_Date_or_Year: 2018 # Published_Title: Additions to the last millennium reanalysis multi-proxy database # Journal_Name: Data Science Journal # Volume: # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: # Report_Number: # DOI: # Online_Resource: # Full_Citation: Anderson, D.M., Tardif, R., Horlick, K., Erb, M.P., Hakim, G., J., Noone, D., Perkins, W.A., and E. Steig, submitted. Additions to the last millennium reanalysis multi-proxy database. Data Science Journal. # Abstract: Progress in paleoclimatology increasingly occurs via data syntheses. We describe additions to a collection prepared for use in paleoclimate state estimation, specifically the Last Millennium Reanalysis (LMR). The 2290 additional series include 2152 tree ring chronologies and 138 other series. They supplement the collection used previously and together form a database titled LMRdb 1.0.0. The additional data draws from lake core, ice core, coral, speleothem, and tree ring archives, using published data primarily from the NOAA Paleoclimatology archive and a set of tree ring width chronologies standardized from raw International Tree Ring Data Bank ring width series. In contrast to many previous paleo compilations, the data were not selected (screened) on the basis of their environmental correlation, multi-century length, or other attributes. The inclusion of proxies sensitive to moisture and other environmental variables expands their use in data assimilation. A preliminary calibration using linear regression with mean annual temperature reveals characteristics of the proxy series and their relationship to temperature, as well as the noise and error characteristics of the records. The additional records are structured as individual files in the NOAA Paleoclimatology format and archived at NOAA Paleoclimatology (Anderson et al. 2018) and will continue to be improved and expanded as part of the LMR Project. The additions represent a four-fold increase in the number of records available for assimilation, provide expanded geographic coverage, and add additional proxy variables. Applications include data assimilation, proxy system model development, and paleoclimate reconstruction using climate field reconstruction and other methods. #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Swiss National Science Foundation # Grant: #-------------------- # Funding_Agency_Name: National Science Foundation # Grant:AGS-1304263 # Funding_Agency_Name: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration # Grant:NA14OAR4310176 #------------------ # Site_Information # Site_Name: Black River South Carolina # Location: # Country: United States # Northernmost_Latitude: 33.8 # Southernmost_Latitude: 33.8 # Easternmost_Longitude: -79.87 # Westernmost_Longitude: -79.87 # Elevation: 1 m #-------------------- # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: northamerica_usa_sc006B # Earliest_Year: 549 # Most_Recent_Year: 1993 # Time_Unit: y_ad # Core_Length: # Notes: {"database":{"database1":"LMR","database2":"Breits"}} {"climateInterpretation":{"basis":"", "climateVariable":"M", "climateVariableDetail":"air", "interpDirection":"positive", "seasonality":"[6, 7, 8]"}}{"VSLite_parameters":{"T1":"4.27250498368","T2":"17.8072906547","M1":"0.0226710941608","M2":"0.598003367418"}} #-------------------- # Species # Species_Name: baldcypress # Species_Code: TADI #-------------------- # Chronology: # # # #-------------------- # Variables # # Data variables follow that are preceded by ## in columns one and two. # Data line variables format: Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-longname-tab-longname components (9 components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, archive, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) # ##age age, , ,years AD, , , , ,N ##trsgi tree ring standardized growth index, tree ring, ,percent relative to mean growth, , Tree Rings, , ,N # #-------------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing Values: nan # age trsgi 549 1.936 550 1.963 551 1.265 552 0.184 553 0.16 554 0.4 555 0.237 556 0.226 557 0.268 558 0.177 559 0.353 560 0.217 561 0.233 562 0.17 563 0.36 564 0.411 565 0.182 566 0.253 567 0.276 568 0.362 569 0.281 570 0.477 571 3.185 572 0.899 573 2.212 574 2.719 575 2.874 576 3.837 577 3.138 578 2.787 579 1.591 580 1.493 581 1.127 582 1.698 583 1.266 584 0.52 585 0.24 586 0.515 587 1.594 588 0.196 589 0.425 590 0.522 591 0.866 592 1.474 593 0.829 594 0.606 595 0.521 596 0.759 597 2.175 598 2.177 599 2.913 600 1.132 601 0.434 602 0.587 603 0.487 604 0.581 605 0.807 606 0.652 607 0.326 608 0.693 609 0.523 610 0.24 611 0.622 612 0.368 613 0.792 614 0.363 615 1.057 616 0.496 617 0.742 618 0.449 619 0.397 620 0.367 621 0.474 622 1.064 623 0.588 624 1.563 625 0.259 626 0.333 627 0.378 628 0.631 629 0.353 630 0.194 631 0.891 632 0.655 633 0.469 634 0.238 635 0.377 636 0.935 637 0.44 638 0.399 639 0.662 640 0.21 641 0.573 642 0.806 643 1.836 644 0.27 645 0.375 646 0.208 647 1.193 648 0.691 649 1.396 650 0.782 651 0.368 652 0.765 653 2.154 654 2.474 655 1.38 656 0.729 657 0.886 658 0.36 659 0.296 660 1.289 661 1.186 662 0.417 663 1.166 664 0.983 665 1.393 666 0.97 667 0.679 668 0.371 669 3.004 670 1.524 671 1.817 672 1.38 673 0.91 674 1.442 675 2.423 676 1.702 677 1.39 678 1.189 679 0.756 680 1.804 681 1.824 682 0.558 683 1.024 684 2.36 685 0.262 686 0.341 687 0.181 688 0.256 689 0.182 690 0.263 691 0.407 692 0.687 693 1.091 694 0.799 695 1.406 696 1.36 697 0.577 698 0.215 699 0.558 700 0.979 701 1.211 702 0.877 703 0.294 704 0.653 705 0.452 706 1.303 707 2.594 708 3.892 709 2.393 710 1.612 711 3.728 712 2.88 713 4.283 714 3.26 715 2.161 716 1.401 717 1.34 718 2.843 719 1.244 720 0.382 721 0.37 722 1.122 723 0.135 724 1.361 725 4.365 726 4.298 727 0.135 728 3.792 729 2.806 730 2.89 731 1.872 732 1.926 733 1.549 734 2.202 735 0.135 736 0.517 737 0.272 738 0.458 739 1.373 740 1.766 741 1.444 742 2.256 743 1.079 744 0.827 745 0.702 746 0.633 747 0.545 748 0.395 749 0.312 750 0.613 751 0.735 752 0.591 753 1.093 754 1.61 755 2.789 756 3.418 757 3.112 758 1.752 759 2.048 760 0.621 761 1.534 762 2.023 763 1.074 764 1.231 765 0.571 766 0.984 767 1.548 768 0.796 769 1.252 770 1.634 771 1.059 772 1.227 773 0.788 774 1.957 775 0.947 776 0.895 777 1.779 778 2.099 779 0.924 780 0.688 781 1.452 782 0.585 783 0.889 784 0.683 785 1.016 786 0.99 787 0.753 788 0.844 789 0.707 790 0.599 791 0.579 792 0.401 793 0.652 794 0.628 795 0.386 796 0.33 797 0.653 798 1.51 799 1.711 800 1.176 801 1.507 802 0.754 803 0.814 804 0.911 805 0.903 806 0.726 807 0.907 808 0.527 809 0.528 810 0.535 811 0.956 812 0.812 813 1.621 814 0.822 815 0.485 816 0.43 817 1.737 818 0.989 819 1.33 820 0.235 821 0.781 822 0.729 823 0.276 824 0.479 825 0.24 826 0.916 827 0.488 828 0.212 829 0.478 830 0.452 831 0.648 832 1.059 833 0.768 834 0.432 835 0.809 836 0.507 837 0.59 838 0.586 839 0.27 840 0.148 841 0.274 842 0.623 843 0.273 844 0.846 845 0.363 846 0.764 847 0.564 848 0.901 849 0.338 850 0.676 851 0.352 852 0.121 853 0.057 854 0.226 855 0.213 856 0.553 857 0.402 858 0.279 859 0.907 860 1.61 861 0.901 862 1.054 863 2.017 864 0.863 865 0.689 866 0.495 867 0.416 868 0.811 869 0.498 870 0.413 871 0.426 872 0.608 873 0.648 874 0.986 875 0.451 876 0.774 877 0.69 878 0.753 879 0.964 880 1.055 881 0.995 882 0.943 883 1.045 884 1.416 885 0.78 886 1.15 887 1.255 888 0.659 889 2.503 890 1.557 891 2.229 892 0.566 893 0.911 894 0.637 895 0.578 896 0.762 897 0.35 898 0.341 899 0.613 900 0.667 901 0.649 902 0.226 903 0.727 904 0.529 905 1.077 906 0.99 907 0.961 908 1.101 909 0.912 910 0.778 911 0.571 912 0.665 913 0.927 914 0.736 915 0.353 916 1.255 917 1.035 918 0.653 919 1.664 920 1.743 921 1.703 922 2.548 923 2.762 924 1.714 925 0.68 926 1.01 927 0.892 928 0.36 929 0.53 930 1.015 931 0.89 932 1.925 933 2.441 934 1.018 935 3.163 936 1.548 937 2.458 938 1.735 939 1.872 940 1.5 941 0.684 942 0.804 943 1.601 944 1.603 945 1.146 946 0.968 947 0.551 948 0.671 949 0.59 950 0.745 951 0.65 952 0.764 953 0.592 954 1.135 955 1.44 956 0.916 957 2.045 958 0.42 959 1.259 960 0.42 961 1.081 962 1.342 963 1.464 964 1.735 965 1.639 966 1.215 967 1.099 968 1.73 969 0.837 970 0.521 971 0.748 972 0.826 973 0.334 974 0.632 975 0.372 976 0.101 977 0.62 978 0.543 979 0.752 980 0.641 981 0.81 982 0.424 983 0.695 984 1.126 985 0.963 986 0.902 987 0.712 988 0.511 989 0.628 990 0.262 991 0.276 992 0.695 993 1.603 994 1.088 995 1.344 996 1.554 997 1.457 998 1.716 999 1.347 1000 0.981 1001 1.509 1002 1.779 1003 1.014 1004 1.421 1005 0.668 1006 0.6 1007 0.807 1008 1.135 1009 0.713 1010 0.465 1011 0.556 1012 0.645 1013 0.819 1014 0.783 1015 0.612 1016 0.752 1017 0.415 1018 0.665 1019 0.269 1020 0.266 1021 0.475 1022 0.743 1023 0.696 1024 0.58 1025 0.473 1026 0.819 1027 0.735 1028 0.588 1029 1.025 1030 0.387 1031 0.535 1032 0.717 1033 0.345 1034 0.423 1035 0.545 1036 0.838 1037 0.175 1038 0.362 1039 0.484 1040 0.613 1041 0.301 1042 0.512 1043 0.442 1044 0.285 1045 0.316 1046 0.608 1047 0.672 1048 -0.002 1049 1.015 1050 0.127 1051 0.689 1052 0.582 1053 1.132 1054 1.211 1055 1.056 1056 0.457 1057 0.642 1058 0.457 1059 0.44 1060 0.309 1061 0.06 1062 0.149 1063 0.11 1064 0.47 1065 1.003 1066 1.07 1067 1.037 1068 0.731 1069 1.3 1070 2.355 1071 0.954 1072 1.122 1073 0.988 1074 1.43 1075 1.582 1076 1.028 1077 1.374 1078 0.781 1079 0.653 1080 0.483 1081 1.253 1082 0.669 1083 0.614 1084 0.475 1085 0.337 1086 0.044 1087 0.835 1088 0.316 1089 0.123 1090 0.068 1091 0.555 1092 0.304 1093 0.532 1094 1.878 1095 1.324 1096 2.15 1097 0.974 1098 0.734 1099 1.312 1100 1.745 1101 1.78 1102 1.379 1103 0.977 1104 0.384 1105 0.325 1106 0.771 1107 0.762 1108 2.094 1109 1.084 1110 2.184 1111 1.666 1112 1.428 1113 1.882 1114 2.546 1115 3.529 1116 1.841 1117 3.46 1118 3.905 1119 3.431 1120 2.029 1121 1.135 1122 1.376 1123 0.728 1124 0.437 1125 0.538 1126 0.364 1127 0.448 1128 0.654 1129 0.443 1130 0.129 1131 0.773 1132 0.463 1133 0.893 1134 0.547 1135 0.41 1136 0.455 1137 1.18 1138 0.952 1139 0.823 1140 1.424 1141 0.858 1142 0.645 1143 0.61 1144 0.474 1145 0.386 1146 0.528 1147 0.423 1148 0.558 1149 0.148 1150 0.798 1151 0.404 1152 0.334 1153 1.218 1154 0.343 1155 0.843 1156 0.502 1157 0.433 1158 0.501 1159 1.097 1160 0.965 1161 1.003 1162 1.943 1163 1.272 1164 1.023 1165 1.952 1166 3.181 1167 3.595 1168 1.722 1169 0.873 1170 1.578 1171 1.971 1172 1.374 1173 1.216 1174 1.118 1175 0.572 1176 0.979 1177 0.885 1178 1.383 1179 0.526 1180 0.571 1181 0.683 1182 1.064 1183 1.542 1184 1.41 1185 0.449 1186 0.891 1187 0.611 1188 0.649 1189 1.119 1190 0.995 1191 0.548 1192 0.546 1193 0.725 1194 0.652 1195 0.555 1196 0.886 1197 0.63 1198 0.474 1199 0.552 1200 0.974 1201 0.736 1202 0.613 1203 0.488 1204 0.851 1205 1.057 1206 0.799 1207 0.7 1208 0.686 1209 0.807 1210 1.241 1211 0.803 1212 0.896 1213 0.623 1214 0.878 1215 0.764 1216 0.612 1217 0.465 1218 1.106 1219 1.781 1220 1.393 1221 1.179 1222 0.902 1223 0.679 1224 1.719 1225 1.673 1226 1.333 1227 0.564 1228 0.854 1229 0.938 1230 0.949 1231 0.604 1232 0.761 1233 0.903 1234 0.694 1235 0.702 1236 0.762 1237 0.478 1238 1.188 1239 0.918 1240 0.723 1241 0.877 1242 0.81 1243 0.581 1244 0.607 1245 0.73 1246 0.311 1247 0.44 1248 0.393 1249 0.811 1250 0.65 1251 0.559 1252 0.499 1253 0.654 1254 0.713 1255 0.537 1256 0.685 1257 0.362 1258 0.506 1259 0.358 1260 0.502 1261 0.811 1262 0.485 1263 0.249 1264 0.979 1265 1.389 1266 1.039 1267 0.908 1268 0.821 1269 0.691 1270 0.99 1271 1.581 1272 1.905 1273 1.936 1274 1.209 1275 0.999 1276 1.091 1277 1.617 1278 1.135 1279 0.527 1280 0.739 1281 0.694 1282 0.467 1283 0.599 1284 0.634 1285 1.292 1286 1.071 1287 0.607 1288 0.496 1289 0.565 1290 1.442 1291 1.218 1292 1.695 1293 0.65 1294 0.722 1295 1.25 1296 0.561 1297 1.381 1298 1.047 1299 1.997 1300 1.687 1301 1.247 1302 1.303 1303 1.086 1304 1.231 1305 1.053 1306 1.236 1307 0.994 1308 1.018 1309 0.907 1310 1.145 1311 0.334 1312 0.489 1313 1.619 1314 1.699 1315 0.897 1316 1.642 1317 2.156 1318 1.694 1319 1.574 1320 2.087 1321 1.853 1322 1.309 1323 1.213 1324 0.821 1325 0.86 1326 1.163 1327 1.619 1328 1.341 1329 0.691 1330 1.587 1331 0.892 1332 0.887 1333 0.574 1334 0.625 1335 0.459 1336 0.626 1337 1.042 1338 1.059 1339 0.9 1340 1.276 1341 1.587 1342 1.189 1343 1.792 1344 2.089 1345 2.412 1346 2.023 1347 1.461 1348 1.163 1349 1.054 1350 0.865 1351 1.116 1352 0.88 1353 1.055 1354 0.939 1355 0.933 1356 0.708 1357 1.036 1358 1.009 1359 0.623 1360 0.927 1361 0.994 1362 1.272 1363 1.106 1364 0.978 1365 0.896 1366 1.03 1367 0.686 1368 1.497 1369 0.568 1370 1.205 1371 1.166 1372 0.46 1373 0.433 1374 0.558 1375 0.525 1376 0.753 1377 0.952 1378 0.91 1379 0.887 1380 0.693 1381 1.011 1382 0.829 1383 1.255 1384 1.427 1385 0.969 1386 0.9 1387 2.208 1388 1.929 1389 0.991 1390 1.27 1391 1.513 1392 0.856 1393 1.129 1394 1.352 1395 0.455 1396 0.769 1397 0.875 1398 0.563 1399 0.762 1400 1.177 1401 0.748 1402 0.845 1403 1.094 1404 1.072 1405 0.975 1406 1.241 1407 0.862 1408 0.913 1409 1.052 1410 0.501 1411 0.953 1412 1.003 1413 1.05 1414 0.807 1415 0.845 1416 0.922 1417 0.899 1418 1.26 1419 1.051 1420 0.697 1421 0.327 1422 0.445 1423 0.515 1424 0.788 1425 1.221 1426 0.406 1427 0.461 1428 0.615 1429 1.37 1430 1.687 1431 0.463 1432 0.6 1433 0.696 1434 0.856 1435 0.559 1436 0.944 1437 1.033 1438 1.077 1439 1.352 1440 0.539 1441 1.209 1442 0.74 1443 1.486 1444 1.254 1445 0.732 1446 0.981 1447 0.591 1448 1.059 1449 1.265 1450 0.831 1451 0.562 1452 0.829 1453 0.427 1454 0.663 1455 0.308 1456 0.599 1457 0.846 1458 0.766 1459 0.746 1460 0.871 1461 1.004 1462 2.162 1463 0.752 1464 1.156 1465 0.705 1466 1.093 1467 1.4 1468 1.128 1469 0.842 1470 0.622 1471 0.675 1472 0.345 1473 0.712 1474 0.806 1475 0.504 1476 1.149 1477 0.874 1478 1.559 1479 1.694 1480 1.249 1481 1.336 1482 0.995 1483 1.006 1484 0.877 1485 1.205 1486 0.519 1487 0.999 1488 0.661 1489 0.437 1490 0.705 1491 0.356 1492 0.84 1493 1.62 1494 0.851 1495 1.475 1496 0.954 1497 1.25 1498 0.926 1499 0.624 1500 0.596 1501 0.585 1502 0.869 1503 1.261 1504 1.263 1505 0.793 1506 0.559 1507 0.696 1508 1.245 1509 0.325 1510 0.712 1511 0.969 1512 1.267 1513 0.898 1514 0.592 1515 0.772 1516 1.237 1517 1.074 1518 0.842 1519 0.845 1520 0.694 1521 0.251 1522 0.732 1523 1.093 1524 0.908 1525 1.326 1526 1.479 1527 1.359 1528 0.923 1529 2.117 1530 1.207 1531 1.457 1532 1.54 1533 0.782 1534 0.971 1535 0.397 1536 0.485 1537 0.632 1538 0.753 1539 1.407 1540 1.144 1541 1.013 1542 0.558 1543 0.881 1544 0.862 1545 0.953 1546 1.062 1547 0.834 1548 1.338 1549 0.982 1550 1.319 1551 0.781 1552 0.255 1553 1.377 1554 1.591 1555 1.538 1556 0.762 1557 0.526 1558 1.275 1559 0.729 1560 0.8 1561 0.896 1562 0.893 1563 0.674 1564 0.852 1565 0.993 1566 0.328 1567 0.676 1568 0.293 1569 0.432 1570 0.737 1571 1.103 1572 1.51 1573 1.064 1574 0.829 1575 1.107 1576 1.403 1577 1.507 1578 1.929 1579 1.838 1580 1.387 1581 1.257 1582 1.322 1583 0.52 1584 0.442 1585 1.136 1586 1.133 1587 0.168 1588 0.6 1589 0.836 1590 1.708 1591 0.682 1592 1.022 1593 0.774 1594 0.844 1595 0.459 1596 1.353 1597 0.479 1598 0.761 1599 0.545 1600 1.569 1601 1.122 1602 1.771 1603 0.929 1604 0.396 1605 1.105 1606 1.394 1607 0.974 1608 0.494 1609 1.102 1610 0.359 1611 0.52 1612 0.681 1613 1.291 1614 1.276 1615 1.929 1616 1.389 1617 1.218 1618 0.89 1619 1.02 1620 0.84 1621 0.733 1622 0.473 1623 1.254 1624 1.409 1625 1.437 1626 0.797 1627 1.145 1628 1.023 1629 0.989 1630 0.927 1631 0.911 1632 0.468 1633 0.282 1634 0.459 1635 1.988 1636 0.859 1637 0.745 1638 0.144 1639 0.574 1640 0.32 1641 0.421 1642 0.817 1643 0.04 1644 0.622 1645 0.14 1646 1.882 1647 1.207 1648 0.576 1649 2.072 1650 1.442 1651 1.274 1652 0.476 1653 1.086 1654 0.627 1655 1.937 1656 0.981 1657 0.678 1658 0.534 1659 0.188 1660 0.657 1661 0.982 1662 0.869 1663 0.563 1664 0.492 1665 0.662 1666 0.977 1667 0.74 1668 0.752 1669 0.456 1670 0.127 1671 1.066 1672 0.66 1673 0.919 1674 1.376 1675 1.179 1676 0.827 1677 0.727 1678 1.387 1679 1.537 1680 1.717 1681 2.027 1682 1.515 1683 1.503 1684 1.221 1685 1.696 1686 1.528 1687 1.167 1688 1.59 1689 1.684 1690 1.019 1691 0.652 1692 1.343 1693 0.881 1694 1.425 1695 1.383 1696 0.691 1697 0.506 1698 1.32 1699 1.202 1700 0.523 1701 0.546 1702 1.048 1703 0.492 1704 0.564 1705 1.988 1706 1.037 1707 1.445 1708 0.314 1709 0.702 1710 0.582 1711 1.243 1712 1.648 1713 0.893 1714 0.207 1715 0.276 1716 0.428 1717 1.115 1718 0.596 1719 1.554 1720 0.75 1721 2.137 1722 0.942 1723 2.436 1724 1.374 1725 1.511 1726 0.623 1727 0.173 1728 -0.042 1729 0.371 1730 0.292 1731 0.732 1732 0.561 1733 0.556 1734 0.744 1735 0.593 1736 1.064 1737 1.087 1738 0.326 1739 0.817 1740 0.986 1741 0.924 1742 1.129 1743 0.795 1744 0.456 1745 0.697 1746 0.269 1747 0.576 1748 0.278 1749 0.656 1750 0.641 1751 0.965 1752 0.555 1753 0.843 1754 0.723 1755 0.916 1756 0.257 1757 0.936 1758 0.586 1759 0.77 1760 0.746 1761 2.179 1762 0.6 1763 0.391 1764 0.625 1765 0.621 1766 1.644 1767 1.139 1768 1.832 1769 1.051 1770 1.435 1771 1.599 1772 1.133 1773 0.821 1774 0.6 1775 0.852 1776 1.944 1777 0.944 1778 0.408 1779 0.56 1780 0.934 1781 0.603 1782 0.995 1783 0.963 1784 0.588 1785 1.642 1786 2.01 1787 1.168 1788 0.875 1789 1.06 1790 0.92 1791 0.611 1792 0.976 1793 1.237 1794 0.712 1795 1.149 1796 1.075 1797 0.436 1798 0.875 1799 0.248 1800 0.806 1801 0.351 1802 0.305 1803 0.967 1804 1.339 1805 0.824 1806 0.883 1807 1.168 1808 1.011 1809 0.59 1810 1.761 1811 0.778 1812 1.3 1813 0.845 1814 0.951 1815 0.519 1816 0.115 1817 0.848 1818 0.088 1819 0.389 1820 0.58 1821 3.351 1822 1.137 1823 1.041 1824 0.383 1825 2.113 1826 0.502 1827 0.857 1828 0.784 1829 0.96 1830 0.685 1831 0.901 1832 1.274 1833 2.052 1834 1.001 1835 0.988 1836 1.455 1837 0.52 1838 0.974 1839 0.536 1840 1.157 1841 0.61 1842 0.965 1843 0.94 1844 0.566 1845 0.029 1846 1.167 1847 1.226 1848 0.915 1849 -0.041 1850 0.756 1851 0.596 1852 1.099 1853 0.633 1854 1.226 1855 1.032 1856 0.679 1857 0.557 1858 0.582 1859 0.841 1860 0.914 1861 0.305 1862 1.151 1863 1.731 1864 1.148 1865 1.237 1866 1.686 1867 1.059 1868 2.389 1869 0.549 1870 0.751 1871 0.801 1872 0.54 1873 0.83 1874 1.19 1875 0.929 1876 0.606 1877 0.505 1878 0.571 1879 0.694 1880 0.476 1881 0.338 1882 0.425 1883 1.017 1884 1.156 1885 1.341 1886 1.971 1887 0.42 1888 1.558 1889 1.22 1890 0.835 1891 0.982 1892 1.229 1893 0.936 1894 0.913 1895 1.244 1896 0.865 1897 0.629 1898 0.602 1899 0.683 1900 0.816 1901 1.369 1902 0.245 1903 1.286 1904 0.466 1905 0.844 1906 1.04 1907 0.899 1908 1.51 1909 1.364 1910 1.079 1911 0.388 1912 1.407 1913 0.712 1914 0.77 1915 1.073 1916 0.843 1917 1.612 1918 0.73 1919 0.854 1920 0.753 1921 0.858 1922 1.481 1923 0.95 1924 1.167 1925 0.825 1926 0.612 1927 0.723 1928 1.54 1929 2.719 1930 1.222 1931 0.898 1932 0.438 1933 0.996 1934 0.774 1935 0.831 1936 0.927 1937 1.203 1938 1.07 1939 1.083 1940 0.57 1941 0.812 1942 1.163 1943 0.772 1944 0.73 1945 1.042 1946 1.222 1947 1.18 1948 1.063 1949 1.456 1950 0.764 1951 1.043 1952 1.053 1953 0.724 1954 0.65 1955 0.848 1956 0.395 1957 0.634 1958 1.213 1959 0.937 1960 1.11 1961 1.257 1962 1.227 1963 1.03 1964 0.945 1965 1.843 1966 1.13 1967 0.942 1968 1.147 1969 0.897 1970 0.641 1971 1.373 1972 1.004 1973 1.763 1974 1.136 1975 0.941 1976 1.393 1977 0.378 1978 1.016 1979 0.983 1980 0.537 1981 0.104 1982 0.941 1983 0.957 1984 1.582 1985 0.743 1986 0.753 1987 0.745 1988 0.907 1989 1.351 1990 0.775 1991 1.443 1992 1.658 1993 0.966