# Western Equatorial Pacific Ocean surface water pH and PCO2, SST and geochemistry during the last 23,000 years #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 3.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/30233 # Online_Resource_Description: NOAA Landing Page # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/27330 # Online_Resource_Description: NOAA Landing Page for Temperature-12k Database # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/reconstructions/climate12k/temperature/version1.0.0/Temp12k_directory_NOAA_files/ERDC092BX.Palmer.2003.txt # Online_Resource_Description: NOAA location of the template # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/reconstructions/climate12k/temperature/version1.0.0/Temp12k_directory_NOAA_files/ERDC_092BX.Palmer.2003.lpd # Online_Resource_Description: Linked Paleo Data (LiPD) formatted file containing metadata and data related to this file, for version 1.0.0 of this dataset # # Original_Source_URL: # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Data_Type: Climate Reconstructions # Parameter_Keywords: sea surface temperature # Dataset_DOI: # #------------------ # Contribution_Date # Date: 2020-04-15 #------------------ # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2020-05-18 #------------------ # Title # Study_Name: Western Equatorial Pacific Ocean surface water pH and PCO2, SST and geochemistry during the last 23,000 years #------------------ # Investigators # Investigators: Palmer, M.R. #------------------ # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: Metadata are from the Temperature-12k project (https://doi.org/10.25921/4RY2-G808). Data are from Table 1 of Palmer et al. 2003 (https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1080796). #------------------ # Publication # Authors: Palmer, M.R. and P.N. Pearson # Published_Date_or_Year: 2003 # Published_Title: A 23,000-year record of surface water pH and PCO2 in the western equatorial Pacific Ocean # Journal_Name: Science # Volume: 300 # Edition: # Issue: 5618 # Pages: 480-482 # Report: # DOI: 10.1126/science.1080796 # Online_Resource: # Full_Citation: # Abstract: The oceans play a major role in defining atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) levels,and although the geographical distribution of CO2 uptake and release in the modern ocean is understood, little is known about past distributions. Boron isotope studies of planktonic foraminifera from the western equatorial Pacific show that this area was a strong source of CO2 to the atmosphere between approximately 13,800 and 15,600 years ago. This observation is most compatible with increased frequency of La Niña conditions during this interval. Hence, increased upwelling in the eastern equatorial Pacific may have played an important role in the rise in atmospheric CO2 during the last deglaciation. #------------------ # Publication # Authors: Berger, W.H. and J.S. Killingley # Published_Date_or_Year: 1982 # Published_Title: Box cores from the equatorial Pacific: 14C sedimentation rates and benthic mixing # Journal_Name: Marine Geology # Volume: 45 # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: 93-125 # Report: # DOI: 10.1016/0025-3227(82)90182 # Online_Resource: # Full_Citation: # Abstract: #------------------ # Publication # Authors: Kaufman, D., N. McKay, C. Routson, M. Erb, B. Davis, O. Heiri, S. Jaccard, J. Tierney, C. Dätwyler, Y. Axford, T. Brussel, O. Cartapanis, B. Chase, A. Dawson, A. de Vernal, S. Engels, L. Jonkers, J. Marsicek, P. Moffa-Sánchez, C. Morrill, A. Orsi, K. Rehfeld, K. Saunders, P. S. Sommer, E. Thomas, M. Tonello, M. Tóth, R. Vachula, A. Andreev, S. Bertrand, B. Biskaborn, M. Bringué, S. Brooks, M. Caniupán, M. Chevalier, L. Cwynar, J. Emile-Geay, J. Fegyveresi, A. Feurdean, W. Finsinger, M-C. Fortin, L. Foster, M. Fox, K. Gajewski, M. Grosjean, S. Hausmann, M. Heinrichs, N. Holmes, B. Ilyashuk, E. Ilyashuk, S. Juggins, D. Khider, K. Koinig, P. Langdon, I. Larocque-Tobler, J. Li, A. Lotter, T. Luoto, A. Mackay, E. Magyari, S. Malevich, B. Mark, J. Massaferro, V. Montade, L. Nazarova, E. Novenko, P. Paril, E. Pearson, M. Peros, R. Pienitz, M. Plóciennik, D. Porinchu, A. Potito, A. Rees, S. Reinemann, S. Roberts, N. Rolland, S. Salonen, A. Self, H. Seppä, S. Shala, J-M. St-Jacques, B. Stenni, L. Syrykh, P. Tarrats, K. Taylor, V. van den Bos, G. Velle, E. Wahl, I. Walker, J. Wilmshurst, E. Zhang, S. Zhilich # Published_Date_or_Year: 2020-04-14 # Published_Title: A global database of Holocene paleotemperature records # Journal_Name: Scientific Data # Volume: 7 # Edition: 115 # Issue: # Pages: # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1038/s41597-020-0445-3 # Online_Resource: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41597-020-0445-3 # Full_Citation: # Abstract: A comprehensive database of paleoclimate records is needed to place recent warming into the longer-term context of natural climate variability. We present a global compilation of quality-controlled, published, temperature-sensitive proxy records extending back 12,000 years through the Holocene. Data were compiled from 679 sites where time series cover at least 4000 years, are resolved at sub-millennial scale (median spacing of 400 years or finer) and have at least one age control point every 3000 years, with cut-off values slackened in data-sparse regions. The data derive from lake sediment (51%), marine sediment (31%), peat (11%), glacier ice (3%), and other natural archives. The database contains 1319 records, including 157 from the Southern Hemisphere. The multi-proxy database comprises paleotemperature time series based on ecological assemblages, as well as biophysical and geochemical indicators that reflect mean annual or seasonal temperatures, as encoded in the database. This database can be used to reconstruct the spatiotemporal evolution of Holocene temperature at global to regional scales, and is publicly available in Linked Paleo Data (LiPD) format. #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: # Grant: #------------------ # Site_Information # Site_Name: ERDC-092BX # Location: Pacific Ocean>South Pacific Ocean # Country: # Northernmost_Latitude: -2.225 # Southernmost_Latitude: -2.225 # Easternmost_Longitude: 156.998 # Westernmost_Longitude: 156.998 # Elevation: -1598 #------------------ # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: ERDC092BX.Palmer.2003 # Earliest_Year: 23200.0 # Most_Recent_Year: 400.0 # Time_Unit: cal years BP # Core_Length: # Notes: #------------------ # Species # Species_Name: # Species_Code: # Common_Name: #------------------ # Chronology_Information # Chronology: # depth_top_cm depth_bot_cm mat_dated c14_date c14_1s_err source # 0.0 2.0 bulk carbonate 4230 240 Berger and Killingley 1982 # 2.0 4.0 bulk carbonate 4240 180 Berger and Killingley 1982 # 4.0 6.0 bulk carbonate 4480 180 Berger and Killingley 1982 # 6.0 8.0 bulk carbonate 4810 180 Berger and Killingley 1982 # 8.0 10.0 bulk carbonate 6000 210 Berger and Killingley 1982 # 10.0 12.0 bulk carbonate 7150 240 Berger and Killingley 1982 # 12.0 14.0 bulk carbonate 8460 230 Berger and Killingley 1982 # 14.0 16.0 bulk carbonate 9900 320 Berger and Killingley 1982 # 16.0 18.0 bulk carbonate 9750 450 Berger and Killingley 1982 # 18.0 20.0 bulk carbonate 10630 350 Berger and Killingley 1982 # 20.0 22.0 bulk carbonate 11650 380 Berger and Killingley 1982 # 22.0 24.0 bulk carbonate 12380 420 Berger and Killingley 1982 # 24.0 26.0 bulk carbonate 13670 500 Berger and Killingley 1982 # 26.0 28.0 bulk carbonate 14080 530 Berger and Killingley 1982 # 28.0 30.0 bulk carbonate 15480 620 Berger and Killingley 1982 # 30.0 32.0 bulk carbonate 17200 750 Berger and Killingley 1982 # 32.0 34.0 bulk carbonate 19540 850 Berger and Killingley 1982 #------------------ # Variables # # Data variables follow that are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-longname components (9 components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, archive, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) # ##depth_top depth at sample end,,,centimeter,,paleoceanography;climate reconstructions,,,N, ##depth_bot depth at sample start,,,centimeter,,paleoceanography;climate reconstructions,,,N, ##age age,,,calendar year before present,,paleoceanography;climate reconstructions,,,N,median age ##d11b delta 11B,Trilobatus sacculifer,,per mil,,paleoceanography,,,N, ##mgca magnesium/calcium,Trilobatus sacculifer,,millimole per mole,,paleoceanography,,,N,backcalculated from SST using Dekens et al. 2002 calibration ##sst sea surface temperature,magnesium/calcium,,degree Celsius,,paleoceanography;climate reconstructions,,,N, ##d13c delta 13C,Trilobatus sacculifer,,per mil,,paleoceanography,,,N, ##d18o delta 18O,Trilobatus sacculifer,,per mil,,paleoceanography,,,N, ##pH pH,sea water;delta 11B,,dimensionless,,paleoceanography;climate reconstructions,,,N, ##pHerr pH,sea water;delta 11B,unspecified margin of error,dimensionless,,paleoceanography;climate reconstructions,,,N, ##co2 carbon dioxide,delta 11B,,parts per million,,climate forcing;paleoceanography,,,N, ##co2err carbon dioxide,delta 11B,unspecified margin of error,parts per million,,climate forcing;paleoceanography,,,N, # #------------------ # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing_Values: nan # depth_top depth_bot age d11b mgca sst d13c d18o pH pHerr co2 co2err 0 1 400 25.8 nan nan 2.27 -2 8.2 0.03 243 22 1 2 1100 25.5 3.85 28.6 2.2 -1.79 8.17 0.03 268 24 2 3 1800 25.1 nan nan 2.31 -1.46 8.13 0.03 304 29 3 4 2500 25.3 3.781 28.4 2.46 -1.82 8.15 0.03 284 26 4 5 3200 25.4 nan nan 2.07 -2.12 8.16 0.03 274 25 5 6 3900 25.5 3.747 28.3 2.18 -2.18 8.17 0.03 264 24 6 7 4600 25.1 nan nan nan nan 8.13 0.03 302 29 8 9 6100 24.9 3.713 28.2 2.06 -1.24 8.11 0.04 322 31 9 10 6800 25.2 3.68 28.1 2.11 -1.49 8.14 0.03 290 27 10 11 7500 25.3 nan nan 2.3 -1.56 8.15 0.03 280 26 11 12 8200 25.5 3.647 28 2.28 -1.19 8.18 0.03 261 24 12 13 8900 26.4 3.647 28 2.08 -1.34 8.27 0.03 195 18 13 14 9600 26 nan nan 2.14 -1.95 8.23 0.03 222 20 14 15 10200 25.9 3.68 28.1 2.3 -1.59 8.22 0.03 228 22 15 16 10700 26 3.713 28.2 2.19 -1.29 8.23 0.03 223 20 16 17 11300 25.4 3.747 28.3 2.01 -1.07 8.16 0.03 272 25 17 18 11900 25.4 nan nan 2.03 -1.1 8.16 0.03 274 25 18 19 12400 25.4 3.781 28.4 1.85 -1.65 8.16 0.03 274 25 19 20 12800 25.9 nan nan 2.12 -1.53 8.21 0.03 233 22 20 21 13300 25.6 3.815 28.5 1.98 -1.1 8.18 0.03 258 24 21 22 13800 24.9 nan nan nan nan 8.1 0.03 325 31 23 24 14700 24.8 3.747 28.3 1.96 -0.82 8.09 0.03 335 32 24 25 15200 24.8 nan nan nan nan 8.1 0.03 333 32 25 26 15700 24.9 3.647 28 1.63 -0.89 8.11 0.03 320 30 26 27 16100 25.4 nan nan 1.93 -0.7 8.17 0.03 267 24 27 28 16900 25.3 3.518 27.6 2.12 -1.06 8.16 0.03 275 25 28 29 17900 25.7 nan nan 2.1 -0.48 8.21 0.03 238 21 29 30 19000 26.3 3.333 27 2 -0.47 8.27 0.03 195 18 30 31 20000 26.5 3.187 26.5 1.99 -0.34 8.3 0.03 180 16 32 33 22100 26.1 nan nan 2.3 0.04 8.26 0.03 204 19 33 34 23200 26.3 3.187 26.5 2.06 -0.47 8.28 0.03 191 17