# Efstadalsvatn Lake, NW Iceland Holocene Surface Air Reconstructions #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 3.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/30817 # Online_Resource_Description: NOAA Landing Page # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/27330 # Online_Resource_Description: NOAA Landing Page for Temperature-12k Database # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/reconstructions/climate12k/temperature/version1.0.0/Temp12k_directory_NOAA_files/Elfstadalsvatn.Langdon.2008.txt # Online_Resource_Description: NOAA location of the template # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/reconstructions/climate12k/temperature/version1.0.0/Temp12k_directory_LiPD_files/Elfstadalsvatn.Langdon.2008.lpd # Online_Resource_Description: Linked Paleo Data (LiPD) formatted file containing metadata and data related to this file, for version 1.0.0 of this dataset. # # Original_Source_URL: # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Data_Type: Climate Reconstructions # Parameter_Keywords: air temperature # Dataset_DOI: # #------------------ # Contribution_Date # Date: 2020-04-15 #------------------ # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2020-08-12 #------------------ # Title # Study_Name: Efstadalsvatn Lake NW Iceland, Holocene Surface Air Reconstructions #------------------ # Investigators # Investigators: Langdon, Peter G.; Holmes, Naomi; Caseldine, Chris J. #------------------ # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: This dataset was contributed as part of the Temperature-12k project (https://doi.org/10.25921/4RY2-G808). Data were contributed to the project from the original data generators, who are listed in the Investigator field of this template file. Additional notes regarding the use of these data in the Temperature-12k project can be found in the LiPD file listed as an Online_Resource of this template file. #------------------ # Publication # Authors: Langdon, Peter G.; Holmes, Naomi; Caseldine, Chris J. # Published_Date_or_Year: 2008 # Published_Title: Environmental controls on modern chironomid faunas from NW Iceland and implications for reconstructing climate change # Journal_Name: Journal of Paleolimnology # Volume: 40 # Edition: # Issue: 1 # Pages: 273-293 # Report: # DOI: 10.1007/s10933-007-9157-3 # Online_Resource: # Full_Citation: # Abstract: Reconstructing climate change quantitatively over millennial timescales is crucial for understanding the processes that affect the climate system. One of the best methods for producing high resolution, low error, quantitative summer air temperature reconstructions is through chironomid analyses. We analysed over 50 lakes from NW and W Iceland covering a range of environmental gradients in order to test whether the distribution of the Icelandic chironomid fauna was driven by summer temperature, or whether other environmental factors were more dominant. A range of analyses showed the main environmental controls on chironomid communities to be substrate (identified through loss-on-ignition and carbon content) and mean July air temperature, although other factors such as lake depth and lake area were also important. The nature of the Icelandic landscape, with numerous volcanic centres (many of which are covered by ice caps) that produce large quantities of ash, means that relative lake carbon content and summer air temperature do not co-vary, as they often do in other chironomid datasets within the Arctic as well as more temperate environments. As the chironomid–environment relationships are thus different in Iceland compared to other chironomid training sets, we suggest that using an Icelandic model is most appropriate for reconstructing past environmental change from fossil Icelandic datasets. Analogue matching of Icelandic fossil chironomid datasets with the Icelandic training set and another European chironomid training set support this assertion. Analyses of a range of chironomid-inferred temperature transfer functions suggest the best to be a two component WA-PLS model with r 2jack = 0.66 and RMSEP = 1.095°C. Using this model, chironomid-inferred temperature reconstructions of early Holocene Icelandic sequences show the magnitude of temperature change compared to contemporary temperatures to be similar to other NW European chironomid sequences, suggesting that the predictive power of the model is good. #------------------ # Publication # Authors: Caseldine, Chris; Geirsdottir, Aslaug; Langdon, Peter # Published_Date_or_Year: 2003 # Published_Title: Efstadalsvatn – a multi-proxy study of a Holocene lacustrine sequence from NW Iceland # Journal_Name: Journal of Paleolimnology # Volume: 30 # Edition: # Issue: 1 # Pages: 55–73 # Report: # DOI: 10.1023/A:1024781918181 # Online_Resource: # Full_Citation: # Abstract: Multi-proxy data, both lithostratigraphic and biostratigraphic, are presented from Efstadalsvatn, a lake in NW Iceland. The sequence covers the period 10,000 to 3500 14C yr B.P. The biostratgraphic data include the first Icelandic chironomid-based reconstruction of Holocene mean July air temperatures, using a Norwegian training set in the absence of modern Icelandic data. The results show that deglaciation and ecosystem development probably began before 10,000 14C yr B.P. and that July temperatures were around 4°C at ca. 9500 14C yr B.P. Temperatures then rose to ca. 8°C at the time of the deposition of the Saksunarvatn tephra (9100 14C yr B.P.), reaching ca. 10°C by 8500 14C yr B.P., high enough for the growth of tree birch, although successful birch colonisation did not take place until 6750 14C yr B.P. There is some evidence for cooling immediately preceding 9100 14C yr B.P. There is little firm biostratigraphic evidence for the 8200 cal. B.P. event, although this may be due to a relatively low resolution pollen sampling interval, but there are changes at this time in the total carbon (TC) and mass susceptibility (MS) data. Optimal temperatures and relative vegetation stability may have occurred between 8000–6100 14C yr B.P. but the chironomid assemblages indicate higher temperatures after 5000 14C yr B.P. This latter interpretation may, however, reflect delayed colonisation of thermophilous taxa and requires further investigation. There is evidence in the lithostratigraphy for greater local terrestrial instability after 6100 14C yr B.P. but it seems unlikely that this led to the redevelopment of ice in the catchment. The biostratigraphic records appear to show a degree of resistence to climate forcing throughout the early and middle Holocene. The new chironomid-based temperature reconstruction needs to be refined by further studies in Iceland, particularly the development of an Icelandic training set, but has already demonstrated the problems of paleoclimatic interpretations based on pollen and/or macrofossil evidence alone. #------------------ # Publication # Authors: Kaufman, D., N. McKay, C. Routson, M. Erb, B. Davis, O. Heiri, S. Jaccard, J. Tierney, C. Dätwyler, Y. Axford, T. Brussel, O. Cartapanis, B. Chase, A. Dawson, A. de Vernal, S. Engels, L. Jonkers, J. Marsicek, P. Moffa-Sánchez, C. Morrill, A. Orsi, K. Rehfeld, K. Saunders, P. S. Sommer, E. Thomas, M. Tonello, M. Tóth, R. Vachula, A. Andreev, S. Bertrand, B. Biskaborn, M. Bringué, S. Brooks, M. Caniupán, M. Chevalier, L. Cwynar, J. Emile-Geay, J. Fegyveresi, A. Feurdean, W. Finsinger, M-C. Fortin, L. Foster, M. Fox, K. Gajewski, M. Grosjean, S. Hausmann, M. Heinrichs, N. Holmes, B. Ilyashuk, E. Ilyashuk, S. Juggins, D. Khider, K. Koinig, P. Langdon, I. Larocque-Tobler, J. Li, A. Lotter, T. Luoto, A. Mackay, E. Magyari, S. Malevich, B. Mark, J. Massaferro, V. Montade, L. Nazarova, E. Novenko, P. Paril, E. Pearson, M. Peros, R. Pienitz, M. Plóciennik, D. Porinchu, A. Potito, A. Rees, S. Reinemann, S. Roberts, N. Rolland, S. Salonen, A. Self, H. Seppä, S. Shala, J-M. St-Jacques, B. Stenni, L. Syrykh, P. Tarrats, K. Taylor, V. van den Bos, G. Velle, E. Wahl, I. Walker, J. Wilmshurst, E. Zhang, S. Zhilich # Published_Date_or_Year: 2020-04-14 # Published_Title: A global database of Holocene paleotemperature records # Journal_Name: Scientific Data # Volume: 7 # Edition: 115 # Issue: # Pages: # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1038/s41597-020-0445-3 # Online_Resource: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41597-020-0445-3 # Full_Citation: # Abstract: A comprehensive database of paleoclimate records is needed to place recent warming into the longer-term context of natural climate variability. We present a global compilation of quality-controlled, published, temperature-sensitive proxy records extending back 12,000 years through the Holocene. Data were compiled from 679 sites where time series cover at least 4000 years, are resolved at sub-millennial scale (median spacing of 400 years or finer) and have at least one age control point every 3000 years, with cut-off values slackened in data-sparse regions. The data derive from lake sediment (51%), marine sediment (31%), peat (11%), glacier ice (3%), and other natural archives. The database contains 1319 records, including 157 from the Southern Hemisphere. The multi-proxy database comprises paleotemperature time series based on ecological assemblages, as well as biophysical and geochemical indicators that reflect mean annual or seasonal temperatures, as encoded in the database. This database can be used to reconstruct the spatiotemporal evolution of Holocene temperature at global to regional scales, and is publicly available in Linked Paleo Data (LiPD) format. #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: # Grant: #------------------ # Site_Information # Site_Name: Efstadalsvatn # Location: Atlantic Ocean>North Atlantic Ocean>Iceland # Country: Iceland # Northernmost_Latitude: 65.5612 # Southernmost_Latitude: 65.5612 # Easternmost_Longitude: -22.4064 # Westernmost_Longitude: -22.4064 # Elevation: 123 #------------------ # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: Elfstadalsvatn.Langdon.2008 # Earliest_Year: 10840.288 # Most_Recent_Year: 4234.52 # Time_Unit: cal yr BP # Core_Length: # Notes: #------------------ # Species # Species_Name: # Species_Code: # Common_Name: #------------------ # Chronology_Information # Chronology: # OriginalDateID depth_top depth_bottom age_type age 1SD # AAR-3714 23.0 24.0 age14C 3895.0 50.0 # AAR-4340 131.0 132.0 age14C 7065.0 65.0 # AAR-4341 202.0 205.0 age14C 9050.0 70.0 # AAR-4342 258.0 260.0 age14C 9470.0 70.0 #------------------ # Variables # # Data variables follow that are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-longname components (9 components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, archive, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) # ## OriginalSampleID sample identification,,,,,insect;paleolimnology;climate reconstructions,,,C,OriginalSampleID ## depth depth,,,centimeter,,insect;paleolimnology;climate reconstructions,,,N, ## age age,,,calendar year before present,,insect;paleolimnology;climate reconstructions,,,N, ## temperature surface air temperature,midge assemblage,,degree Celsius,Jul,insect;paleolimnology;climate reconstructions,,,N,reconstruction from Caseldine et al. 2003 based on Norwegian dataset (Brooks and Birks 2000);WAPLS ## uncertaintyHigh surface air temperature,midge assemblage,unspecified error upper bound,degree Celsius,Jul,insect;paleolimnology;climate reconstructions,,,N, ## uncertaintyLow surface air temperature,midge assemblage,unspecified error lower bound,degree Celsius,Jul,insect;paleolimnology;climate reconstructions,,,N, ## ReliabIeYN1 notes,,,,,insect;paleolimnology;climate reconstructions,,,C,Data are reliable (Yes or No) # #------------------ # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing_Values: nan # OriginalSampleID depth age temperature uncertaintyHigh uncertaintyLow ReliabIeYN1 20.0 20.0 4234.52 11.129 12.205 10.052 Y 30.0 30.0 4562.32 10.575 11.657 9.492 Y 40.0 40.0 4890.12 10.345 11.456 9.233 Y 50.0 50.0 5217.92 10.003 11.096 8.91 Y 60.0 60.0 5545.72 9.109 10.206 8.013 Y 70.0 70.0 5873.52 9.66 10.769 8.552 Y 80.0 80.0 6201.32 9.535 10.607 8.462 Y 90.0 90.0 6529.12 10.376 11.477 9.275 Y 100.0 100.0 6856.92 9.27 10.365 8.175 Y 110.0 110.0 7184.72 8.915 10.013 7.818 Y 120.0 120.0 7512.52 9.293 10.382 8.204 Y 130.0 130.0 7840.32 9.676 10.743 8.61 Y 140.0 140.0 8168.12 9.118 10.194 8.043 Y 145.0 145.0 8332.02 8.623 9.731 7.516 Y 150.0 150.0 8495.92 9.214 10.29 8.139 Y 160.0 160.0 8823.72 8.509 9.611 7.407 Y 170.0 170.0 9151.52 8.79 9.871 7.709 Y 180.0 180.0 9479.32 10.07 11.196 8.944 Y 190.0 190.0 9807.12 7.847 9.027 6.667 Y 200.0 200.0 10187.488 8.012 9.124 6.9 Y 210.0 210.0 10296.288 7.312 8.467 6.158 Y 220.0 220.0 10405.088 7.07 8.191 5.948 Y 230.0 230.0 10513.888 6.811 7.963 5.66 Y 240.0 240.0 10622.688 7.305 8.511 6.099 Y 250.0 250.0 10731.488 5.342 6.553 4.13 Y 260.0 260.0 10840.288 4.286 5.556 3.016 Y