# Campbell Island Air Temperature Reconstructions during the Holocene #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 3.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/31095 # Online_Resource_Description: NOAA Landing Page # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/27330 # Online_Resource_Description: NOAA Landing Page for Temperature-12k Database # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/reconstructions/climate12k/temperature/version1.0.0/Temp12k_directory_NOAA_files/HomesteadScarp.McGlone.2010.txt # Online_Resource_Description: NOAA location of the template # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/reconstructions/climate12k/temperature/version1.0.0/Temp12k_directory_LiPD_files/HomesteadScarp.McGlone.2010.lpd # Online_Resource_Description: Linked Paleo Data (LiPD) formatted file containing metadata and data related to this file, for version 1.0.0 of this dataset. # # Original_Source_URL: # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Data_Type: Climate Reconstructions # Parameter_Keywords: air temperature # Dataset_DOI: # #------------------ # Contribution_Date # Date: 2020-04-15 #------------------ # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2020-05-16 #------------------ # Title # Study_Name: Campbell Island Air Temperature Reconstructions during the Holocene #------------------ # Investigators # Investigators: McGlone, Matt S.; Turney, Chris S. M.; Wilmshurst, Janet M.; Renwick, James; Pahnke, Katharina #------------------ # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: This dataset was contributed as part of the Temperature-12k project (https://doi.org/10.25921/4RY2-G808). Data were contributed to the project from the original data generators, who are listed in the Investigator field of this template file. Additional notes regarding the use of these data in the Temperature-12k project can be found in the LiPD file listed as an Online_Resource of this template file. #------------------ # Publication # Authors: McGlone, Matt S.; Turney, Chris S. M.; Wilmshurst, Janet M.; Renwick, James; Pahnke, Katharina # Published_Date_or_Year: 2010 # Published_Title: Divergent trends in land and ocean temperature in the Southern Ocean over the past 18,000 years # Journal_Name: Nature Geoscience # Volume: 3 # Edition: # Issue: 9 # Pages: 622-626 # Report: # DOI: 10.1038/ngeo931 # Online_Resource: # Full_Citation: # Abstract: Over the past 18,000 years, sea surface temperatures for the Southern Ocean do not align with those of the adjacent, high-latitude landmasses. During the late glacial period, the ocean surface warmed rapidly to present-day temperatures1, whereas the land warmed only slowly, as evidenced by the lagged response of forest and glaciers2,3. However, in the Holocene epoch, land-based records suggest strong warming whereas marine records indicate that ocean surface temperatures cooled. Here we present reconstructions of summer temperature for Campbell Island, in the Southern Ocean, over the past 16,500 years based on fossil pollen. We find a pronounced warming 12,500–11,000 years ago, a cooling until 9,200 years ago, and a rapid warming to a peak between 6,000 and 5,000 years ago, followed by minor cool intervals from 5,200–4,000, 3,000–1,700 and 700–100 years ago. As expected, our temperature reconstructions show a late glacial lag behind nearby records of sea surface temperature6,7, and opposing trends in the Holocene. We suggest that this discrepancy arises because land-based reconstructions record summer temperatures, whereas marine proxies generally reflect annual temperatures. We conclude that the divergence of the records therefore reflects changes in the seasonality of atmospheric heat transport. As atmospheric heat transport is tied to the Southern Hemisphere westerly winds, we attribute our observed changes to shifts in the position and intensity of the southern westerlies. #------------------ # Publication # Authors: Kaufman, D., N. McKay, C. Routson, M. Erb, B. Davis, O. Heiri, S. Jaccard, J. Tierney, C. Dätwyler, Y. Axford, T. Brussel, O. Cartapanis, B. Chase, A. Dawson, A. de Vernal, S. Engels, L. Jonkers, J. Marsicek, P. Moffa-Sánchez, C. Morrill, A. Orsi, K. Rehfeld, K. Saunders, P. S. Sommer, E. Thomas, M. Tonello, M. Tóth, R. Vachula, A. Andreev, S. Bertrand, B. Biskaborn, M. Bringué, S. Brooks, M. Caniupán, M. Chevalier, L. Cwynar, J. Emile-Geay, J. Fegyveresi, A. Feurdean, W. Finsinger, M-C. Fortin, L. Foster, M. Fox, K. Gajewski, M. Grosjean, S. Hausmann, M. Heinrichs, N. Holmes, B. Ilyashuk, E. Ilyashuk, S. Juggins, D. Khider, K. Koinig, P. Langdon, I. Larocque-Tobler, J. Li, A. Lotter, T. Luoto, A. Mackay, E. Magyari, S. Malevich, B. Mark, J. Massaferro, V. Montade, L. Nazarova, E. Novenko, P. Paril, E. Pearson, M. Peros, R. Pienitz, M. Plóciennik, D. Porinchu, A. Potito, A. Rees, S. Reinemann, S. Roberts, N. Rolland, S. Salonen, A. Self, H. Seppä, S. Shala, J-M. St-Jacques, B. Stenni, L. Syrykh, P. Tarrats, K. Taylor, V. van den Bos, G. Velle, E. Wahl, I. Walker, J. Wilmshurst, E. Zhang, S. Zhilich # Published_Date_or_Year: 2020-04-14 # Published_Title: A global database of Holocene paleotemperature records # Journal_Name: Scientific Data # Volume: 7 # Edition: 115 # Issue: # Pages: # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1038/s41597-020-0445-3 # Online_Resource: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41597-020-0445-3 # Full_Citation: # Abstract: A comprehensive database of paleoclimate records is needed to place recent warming into the longer-term context of natural climate variability. We present a global compilation of quality-controlled, published, temperature-sensitive proxy records extending back 12,000 years through the Holocene. Data were compiled from 679 sites where time series cover at least 4000 years, are resolved at sub-millennial scale (median spacing of 400 years or finer) and have at least one age control point every 3000 years, with cut-off values slackened in data-sparse regions. The data derive from lake sediment (51%), marine sediment (31%), peat (11%), glacier ice (3%), and other natural archives. The database contains 1319 records, including 157 from the Southern Hemisphere. The multi-proxy database comprises paleotemperature time series based on ecological assemblages, as well as biophysical and geochemical indicators that reflect mean annual or seasonal temperatures, as encoded in the database. This database can be used to reconstruct the spatiotemporal evolution of Holocene temperature at global to regional scales, and is publicly available in Linked Paleo Data (LiPD) format. #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: # Grant: #------------------ # Site_Information # Site_Name: Homestead Scarp # Location: Australia/New Zealand>New Zealand # Country: # Northernmost_Latitude: -52.5518 # Southernmost_Latitude: -52.5518 # Easternmost_Longitude: 169.138 # Westernmost_Longitude: 169.138 # Elevation: 30 #------------------ # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: HomesteadScarp.McGlone.2010 # Earliest_Year: 12246.9 # Most_Recent_Year: -39.0 # Time_Unit: cal yr BP # Core_Length: # Notes: #------------------ # Species # Species_Name: # Species_Code: # Common_Name: #------------------ # Chronology_Information # Chronology: # depth age SD age_type material # 28.0 574.0 32.0 age14C peat # 45.0 911.0 31.0 age14C peat # 66.0 1631.0 34.0 age14C peat # 100.0 2397.0 33.0 age14C peat # 140.0 2974.0 36.0 age14C peat # 180.0 3685.0 35.0 age14C peat # 224.0 4192.0 35.0 age14C peat # 255.0 4902.0 41.0 age14C peat # 278.0 5587.0 38.0 age14C peat # 295.0 6256.0 38.0 age14C peat # 304.0 7892.0 49.0 age14C peat # 315.0 8223.0 43.0 age14C peat # 324.0 9078.0 45.0 age14C pollen # 333.0 9729.0 54.0 age14C peat # 338.0 10396.0 50.0 age14C pollen # 357.0 11236.0 80.0 age14C pollen # 371.0 12823.0 69.0 age14C peat # 378.0 13045.0 71.0 age14C peat # 378.0 12918.0 70.0 age14C peat # 390.0 13648.0 73.0 age14C peat # 396.0 10310.0 170.0 age14C pollen # 396.0 12679.0 55.0 age14C plant fragments #------------------ # Variables # # Data variables follow that are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-longname components (9 components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, archive, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) # ## age age,,,calendar year before present,,pollen;climate reconstructions,,,N, ## SHCal04Age age,,,calendar year before present,,pollen;climate reconstructions,,,N,age using SHCal04 ## ageUncertainty age,,unspecified margin of error,year,,pollen;climate reconstructions,,,N,using SHCal04 ## temperature surface air temperature,,,degree Celsius,Jan,pollen;climate reconstructions,,modern analogue technique,N,modern temp from NIWA 2004 # #------------------ # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing_Values: nan # age SHCal04Age ageUncertainty temperature -39.0 5.356 27.777 8.969 -33.0 10.611 36.806 9.014 -24.625 15.889 42.193 8.809 -13.875 21.181 45.267 9.037 -3.125 26.485 46.496 8.952 7.625 31.8 46.029 8.837 18.375 37.126 43.815 8.802 29.125 42.465 39.565 8.913 39.875 47.822 32.492 9.178 50.625 53.214 19.772 9.137 123.714 128.65 98.727 9.138 259.143 274.349 140.464 9.013 394.571 420.18 130.01 8.762 530.0 566.297 29.63 8.993 571.647 593.331 68.396 8.912 613.294 620.423 86.436 9.072 654.941 647.526 96.69 8.972 696.588 674.638 101.559 8.902 738.235 701.757 101.797 8.95 779.882 728.884 97.393 9.123 821.529 756.021 87.547 8.99 863.176 783.176 69.614 8.998 911.238 828.014 87.24 9.044 965.714 891.097 123.11 9.071 1020.19 954.318 144.197 9.029 1074.67 1017.607 156.836 9.055 1129.14 1080.945 163.09 8.888 1183.62 1144.325 163.742 8.871 1238.1 1207.747 158.903 8.918 1292.57 1271.214 148.073 9.058 1347.05 1334.738 129.81 9.17 1401.52 1398.351 100.217 8.927 1456.0 1462.4 39.794 8.905 1508.82 1518.687 98.449 9.013 1561.65 1575.058 130.229 8.878 1614.47 1631.444 152.742 8.989 1667.29 1687.839 169.682 9.002 1720.12 1744.24 182.586 8.945 1772.94 1800.647 192.255 8.895 1825.76 1857.058 199.148 8.975 1878.59 1913.473 203.538 9.007 1931.41 1969.892 205.573 9.005 1984.24 2026.315 205.313 8.968 2037.06 2082.742 202.734 9.188 2089.88 2139.174 197.729 9.037 2142.71 2195.61 190.084 9.236 2195.53 2252.053 179.426 9.089 2248.35 2308.506 165.105 9.027 2301.18 2364.973 145.875 8.986 2354.0 2421.524 117.487 9.232 2393.0 2453.802 133.895 8.962 2432.0 2486.466 145.534 8.807 2471.0 2519.202 154.652 9.193 2510.0 2551.977 161.801 9.145 2549.0 2584.781 167.287 9.138 2588.0 2617.607 171.302 8.872 2627.0 2650.451 173.966 8.954 2666.0 2683.312 175.359 8.979 2705.0 2716.189 175.524 8.973 2744.0 2749.079 174.474 9.197 2783.0 2781.984 172.199 9.096 2822.0 2814.903 168.659 8.978 2861.0 2847.838 163.784 9.082 2900.0 2880.789 157.462 9.092 2939.0 2913.758 149.524 9.036 2978.0 2946.75 139.716 8.867 3017.0 2979.77 127.637 8.962 3056.0 3012.83 112.612 8.926 3095.0 3045.961 93.365 8.994 3134.0 3079.479 67.852 9.056 3174.4 3123.263 101.594 9.037 3214.8 3167.195 124.929 9.03 3255.2 3211.156 142.471 8.975 3295.6 3255.132 156.127 8.911 3336.0 3299.118 166.832 9.259 3376.4 3343.113 175.116 9.209 3416.8 3387.116 181.303 9.103 3457.2 3431.125 185.598 8.987 3497.6 3475.139 188.127 9.098 3538.0 3519.159 188.958 9.238 3578.4 3563.185 188.109 9.166 3618.8 3607.217 185.556 9.199 3659.2 3651.254 181.224 8.936 3699.6 3695.297 174.978 9.098 3740.0 3739.348 166.602 8.978 3780.4 3783.407 155.75 9.002 3820.8 3827.477 141.851 8.996 3861.2 3871.563 123.88 9.024 3901.6 3915.676 99.656 9.19 3942.0 3959.938 62.344 9.091 3980.55 3991.948 91.117 9.022 4019.09 4024.209 110.862 8.906 4057.64 4056.515 125.924 9.013 4096.18 4088.847 137.858 8.833 4134.73 4121.197 147.431 9.213 4173.27 4153.561 155.086 9.121 4211.82 4185.935 161.099 9.044 4250.36 4218.32 165.653 8.962 4288.91 4250.714 168.869 9.089 4327.45 4283.117 170.825 8.916 4366.0 4315.527 171.568 8.972 4404.55 4347.946 171.118 8.999 4443.09 4380.373 169.467 9.05 4481.64 4412.808 166.584 9.042 4520.18 4445.252 162.409 9.068 4558.73 4477.707 156.846 9.002 4597.27 4510.172 149.748 9.035 4635.82 4542.652 140.896 9.073 4674.36 4575.149 129.955 9.096 4712.91 4607.672 116.38 9.092 4751.45 4640.24 99.215 9.117 4790.0 4673.06 77.528 9.195 4843.35 4731.684 115.568 9.12 4896.71 4790.413 141.229 9.16 4950.06 4849.161 159.73 9.158 5003.42 4907.921 173.284 9.027 5056.77 4966.689 182.955 9.047 5110.13 5025.464 189.314 9.179 5163.48 5084.245 192.672 8.898 5216.84 5143.032 193.171 8.884 5270.19 5201.824 190.821 8.767 5323.55 5260.622 185.5 8.574 5376.9 5319.427 176.925 8.659 5430.26 5378.239 164.571 9.005 5483.61 5437.06 147.463 9.033 5536.97 5495.896 123.587 8.916 5590.32 5554.763 87.366 8.993 5649.13 5615.591 88.649 9.039 5713.39 5678.77 124.645 9.022 5777.65 5742.062 146.702 9.079 5841.91 5805.41 160.789 9.075 5906.17 5868.797 168.958 9.145 5970.43 5932.217 172.081 9.172 6034.7 5995.667 170.457 8.842 6098.96 6059.149 163.968 8.785 6163.22 6122.665 152.018 8.875 6227.48 6186.227 133.184 8.904 6291.74 6249.863 103.877 8.822 6356.0 6313.865 48.99 8.625 6455.65 6408.225 121.086 8.418 6555.29 6502.729 154.616 8.793 6654.94 6597.266 173.078 8.78 6754.59 6691.823 181.046 8.963 6854.24 6786.4 179.857 8.633 6953.88 6880.996 169.25 8.508 7053.53 6975.616 147.1 8.196 7153.18 7070.284 106.098 8.739 7357.78 7294.037 169.556 8.811 7667.33 7647.899 243.362 8.583 7976.89 8002.108 259.275 8.237 8441.22 8534.001 194.103 8.752 8650.55 8750.571 139.958 8.507 8759.64 8827.796 150.43 8.295 8868.73 8905.023 150.715 8.012 8977.82 8982.253 140.583 7.622 9086.91 9059.485 117.054 7.248 9196.0 9136.726 64.906 7.043 9422.22 9348.217 170.672 7.089 9648.44 9560.119 200.038 7.215 9874.67 9772.152 192.746 7.122 10214.0 10090.735 79.362 7.28 10422.9 10293.252 172.874 7.881 10631.8 10496.246 200.856 8.2 10840.7 10699.393 195.902 8.448 11049.6 10902.727 154.699 8.23 11324.0 11241.783 196.703 8.263 11664.0 11717.557 225.098 8.078 12004.0 12194.694 94.902 7.445 12125.5 12672.683 304.893 6.68 12246.9 13150.087 427.204 6.784