Paleo Slide Set: The Ice Ages Fjord, Baffin East Coast Mountains, Nunavut, Canada. U-shaped valleys were another observation that could be explained by the ice-age theory. Scientists knew that rivers carved V-shaped valleys, but not U-shaped valleys, which are found only in alpine regions or high latitudes where glacial ice is formed. Photo Credits: John T. Andrews INSTAAR and Department of Geological Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder.