Timta Cave, India Stalagmite Oxygen Isotope Data ----------------------------------------------------------------------- World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder and NOAA Paleoclimatology Program ----------------------------------------------------------------------- NOTE: PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL REFERENCE WHEN USING THIS DATA!!!!! NAME OF DATA SET: Timta Cave, India Stalagmite Oxygen Isotope Data LAST UPDATE: 6/2011 (Original receipt by WDC Paleo) CONTRIBUTORS: Sinha, A., K.G. Cannariato, L.D. Stott, H.-C. Li, C.-F. You, H. Cheng, R.L. Edwards, and I.B. Singh. IGBP PAGES/WDCA CONTRIBUTION SERIES NUMBER: 2011-087 WDC PALEO CONTRIBUTION SERIES CITATION: Sinha, A., et al. 2011. Timta Cave, India Stalagmite Oxygen Isotope Data. IGBP PAGES/World Data Center for Paleoclimatology Data Contribution Series # 2011-087. NOAA/NCDC Paleoclimatology Program, Boulder CO, USA. ORIGINAL REFERENCE: Sinha, A., K.G. Cannariato, L.D. Stott, H.-C. Li, C.-F. You, H. Cheng, R.L. Edwards, and I.B. Singh. 2005. Variability of Southwest Indian summer monsoon precipitation during the Bølling-Ållerød. Geology, Vol. 33, pp. 813-816, October, 2005, doi:10.1130/G21498.1 ABSTRACT: We have generated a high-resolution (<20 yr) 230Th-dated stalagmite oxygen isotope record from Timta Cave in the western Himalaya in India that documents Southwest Indian summer monsoon (ISM) precipitation variations during the Bølling-Ållerød interstadial from 15.2 to 11.7 ka. Compared with the glacial and Younger Dryas, ISM precipitation was enhanced during the Bølling-Ållerød. ISM precipitation was apparently coupled to variations in the East Asian monsoon and North Atlantic climate on millennial and multicentennial time scales during the deglaciation. Analyses of a high growth rate interval (<2.5 yr resolution) encompassing the late Bølling-early Ållerød suggest that multidecadal monsoon variability was an important aspect of ISM behavior at that time. The frequency spectrum of ISM precipitation during this time interval is similar to that of the D14C record and other ISM precipitation records during the latest Holocene. This raises the hypothesis that multidecadal climate dynamics during the late Bølling-early Ållerød may have been similar to those that operated during the last several millennia, even though the boundary conditions of these two time intervals were very different. GEOGRAPHIC REGION: Western Himalaya, India PERIOD OF RECORD: 15 - 11 KYrBP FUNDING SOURCES: US National Science Foundation grants OCE-0317621 (to L. Stott and H.-C. Li), ATM-0081224 (to H.-C. Li and T. Ku), ESH-0214041 (to R.L. Edwards and H. Cheng), and MRI-0116395 (to R.L. Edwards), Gary Comer Science and Education Grant (CC8, to R.L. Edwards). DESCRIPTION: High resolution oxygen isotope data (d18O) from a stalagmite collected in Timta Cave, India covering the Bølling-Ållerød interstadial (15.2 to 11.7 ka). Timta Cave: 29°50'17"N, 82°02'01"E, 1900m elev. DATA: 1. Table DR1. 230Th dating of stalagmite T1 from Timta Cave by magnetic sector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Sample Distance 238U 232Th 230Th/232Th d234U* 230Th/238U 230Th Age (yr) 230Th Age (yr) d234UInitial** Number (cm) (ppb) (ppt) (atomic x 10-6) (measured) (activity) (uncorrected) (corrected) (corrected) T1-1a 0.113 176.1 ±0.3 2135 ±20 158 ±3 109.2 ±2.6 0.1159 ±0.0016 12030 ±170 11820 ±210 112.9 ±2.7 T1-1b 0.113 222.2 ±0.5 5060 ±30 84 ±1 108.4 ±2.7 0.1161 ±0.0017 12070 ±170 11660 ±270 112 ±2.8 T1-178-180 0.113 216.7 ±0.5 13200 ±38 33.3 ±0.3 110.5 ±2.1 0.123 ±0.0011 12800 ±125 11710 ±560 114.2 ±2.1 T1-2a 1.8 243.6 ±0.5 5580 ±34 91 ±1 107.7 ±3.0 0.1256 ±0.0018 13120 ±200 12710 ±290 111.6 ±3.2 T1-2b 1.8 255.1 ±0.5 5010 ±32 105 ±1 105.4 ±2.9 0.1251 ±0.0015 13090 ±170 12740 ±250 109.3 ±3.0 T1-221-223 1.813 187.2 ±0.3 3210 ±13 124 ±1 109.1 ±1.8 0.129 ±0.0010 13475 ±120 13140 ±210 113.2 ±1.9 T1-3 2.2 134 ±0.3 1425 ±22 194 ±4 100.3 ±3.4 0.1251 ±0.0020 13160 ±220 12960 ±240 104.1 ±3.5 T1-4 2.8 179.7 ±0.4 1264 ±21 292 ±6 105.2 ±3.2 0.1244 ±0.0018 13020 ±200 12900 ±210 109.1 ±3.3 T1-247-249 2.913 202.3 ±0.3 1318 ±11 315 ±3 105.7 ±1.8 0.1243 ±0.0009 13000 ±105 12880 ±130 109.6 ±1.9 T1-289-291 4.613 182.8 ±0.3 1832 ±11 206 ±2 102.2 ±1.9 0.125 ±0.0009 13120 ±102 12940 ±140 106 ±1.9 T1-5 6.113 216.8 ±0.5 2006 ±20 225 ±3 101.5 ±2.8 0.1259 ±0.0015 13230 ±170 13060 ±190 105.3 ±2.9 T1-346-350 7.013 217.1 ±0.3 6155 ±17 74.8 ±0.5 102.3 ±1.5 0.1284 ±0.0008 13500 ±100 12990 ±270 106.1 ±1.6 T1-401-405 9.213 187.3 ±0.3 3969 ±11 100.4 ±0.7 104.5 ±1.5 0.1289 ±0.0008 13520 ±90 13140 ±210 108.4 ±1.6 T1-6a 9.713 214.7 ±0.5 5990 ±36 77 ±1 103.2 ±2.9 0.1293 ±0.0021 13580 ±240 13080 ±340 107 ±3.8 T1-6b 9.913 213.6 ±0.5 9162 ±53 51 ±1 101.4 ±3.5 0.1322 ±0.0023 13930 ±260 13160 ±460 105.3 ±3.7 T1-7a 10.413 219.8 ±0.5 11070 ±53 44 ±1 102.8 ±3.6 0.134 ±0.0022 14110 ±250 13210 ±520 106.7 ±3.8 T1-7b 10.413 226.2 ±0.6 16160 ±62 32 ±1 108.7 ±3.6 0.1389 ±0.0021 14590 ±240 13300 ±680 112.9 ±3.8 T1-7c 10.413 238 ±0.6 11670 ±50 45 ±1 104.1 ±3.2 0.134 ±0.0019 14100 ±210 13220 ±490 108 ±3.3 T1-8a 10.813 206 ±0.4 11380 ±50 41 ±1 104.4 ±2.9 0.1376 ±0.0020 14500 ±230 13500 ±550 108.4 ±3.0 T1-8b 10.813 244.2 ±0.5 5620 ±32 94 ±1 100.6 ±2.9 0.1309 ±0.0016 13800 ±200 13390 ±290 104.5 ±3.0 T1-9a 11.813 260.4 ±0.6 4330 ±24 138 ±2 111 ±2.7 0.1385 ±0.0016 14510 ±180 14220 ±230 115.6 ±2.8 T1-9b 11.813 245.6 ±0.5 9990 ±42 59 ±1 113.4 ±2.7 0.146 ±0.0017 15310 ±200 14580 ±410 118.2 ±2.8 Errors are 2 sigma. Decay constant values are Lambda 230 = 9.1577 x 10-6 y-1, Lambda 234 = 2.8263 x 10-6 y-1, Lambda 238 = 1.55125 x 10-10 y-1. Corrected 230Th ages assume the initial 230Th/232Th atomic ratio of 3.0 ±1.5 x 10-6. This correction is different from the standard value of 4.4 ppm. This value was determined by the measurements of 2 or 3-point isochrons (T1-6, T1-7 and T1-8) and it was constrained well by those samples from the same layer (same age) with different measured 230Th/232Th values. The arbitrarily assumed error (50%) covers all possible ranges of the initial 230Th/232Th values constrained by the three isochrons. The chemical separation procedures at the University of Minnesota Isotope Laboratory are similar to those described by Edwards et al. (1987). The bias corrections and half-lives of 230Th and 234U followed Cheng et al. (2000). Thorium and uranium isotopes were analyzed separately on a Finnigan-MAT Element outfitted with a double focusing sector-field magnet in reversed Nier-Johnson geometry and a single MasCom multiplier. The instrument was operated in low resolution and in electrostatic peak hopping mode. Combined ionization plus transmission efficiency of 2.5 to 3‰ has been measured for uranium and 1.5 to 2‰ has been measured for thorium. Further details of instrumental procedures are explained by Shen et al. (2002). Depths are relative to the top (youngest surface) of the stalagmite. Ages are relative to 1950 AD. 2. Timta Cave Stalagmite T1 Oxygen Isotope Data Age(yrBP) d18O(VPDB) 11664.58 -5.469 11688.32 -5.647 11712.05 -5.191 11735.79 -5.558 11783.26 -5.296 11807 -5.214 11830.74 -5.269 11854.47 -5.375 11878.21 -5.6 11901.95 -5.207 11925.68 -5.533 11949.42 -5.379 11973.16 -5.599 11996.89 -5.47 12020.63 -5.481 12044.37 -5.509 12068.11 -5.775 12091.84 -5.912 12115.58 -5.509 12139.32 -5.973 12163.05 -5.353 12186.79 -5.468 12210.53 -5.289 12234.26 -5.413 12258 -5.509 12281.74 -5.381 12305.47 -5.34 12329.21 -5.36 12352.95 -5.36 12376.68 -5.268 12400.42 -5.621 12424.16 -5.359 12447.89 -5.263 12471.63 -5.328 12495.37 -5.279 12519.11 -5.485 12542.84 -5.759 12566.58 -5.736 12590.32 -5.519 12614.05 -5.678 12637.79 -5.831 12661.53 -5.924 12685.26 -6.252 12709 -6.141 12732.74 -6.218 12756.47 -6.868 12780.21 -6.853 12803.95 -6.686 12827.68 -6.685 12832.13 -7.028 12834.48 -7.167 12836.84 -7.081 12839.19 -7.053 12841.55 -7.133 12843.9 -6.995 12846.26 -6.67 12848.61 -6.921 12850.97 -6.853 12853.32 -7.05 12855.68 -6.814 12858.03 -6.743 12860.39 -6.703 12862.74 -6.678 12865.1 -6.516 12867.45 -6.51 12869.81 -6.761 12872.16 -6.649 12874.52 -6.673 12876.87 -6.353 12879.23 -6.467 12881.58 -6.673 12883.94 -6.581 12886.29 -6.482 12888.65 -6.882 12891 -6.69 12893.36 -6.76 12895.71 -6.869 12898.07 -6.967 12900.42 -6.94 12902.78 -7.159 12905.13 -7.17 12907.49 -7.241 12909.84 -7.2 12912.2 -7.198 12914.55 -7.183 12916.91 -6.95 12919.26 -7.035 12921.62 -6.997 12923.97 -7.129 12926.33 -7.482 12928.69 -7.349 12931.04 -7.552 12933.4 -7.581 12935.75 -7.703 12938.11 -7.635 12940.46 -7.663 12942.82 -7.816 12945.17 -7.789 12947.53 -7.808 12949.88 -7.494 12952.24 -7.425 12954.59 -7.422 12956.95 -7.5 12959.3 -7.581 12961.66 -7.61 12964.01 -7.295 12966.37 -7.516 12968.72 -7.873 12971.08 -7.99 12973.43 -8.023 12975.79 -8.266 12978.14 -8.37 12980.5 -8.264 12982.85 -8.098 12985.21 -8.087 12987.56 -7.913 12989.92 -7.823 12992.27 -8.161 12994.63 -7.715 12996.98 -7.959 12999.34 -8.207 13001.69 -7.763 13004.05 -7.63 13006.4 -7.466 13008.76 -7.544 13011.11 -7.483 13013.47 -7.799 13015.82 -7.424 13018.18 -7.099 13020.53 -7.277 13022.89 -7.259 13025.24 -7.316 13027.6 -7.274 13029.96 -7.285 13032.31 -6.924 13034.67 -7.278 13037.02 -6.857 13039.38 -6.506 13041.73 -6.416 13044.09 -6.408 13046.44 -6.814 13048.8 -6.828 13051.15 -7.166 13053.51 -6.972 13055.86 -6.885 13058.22 -6.808 13060.57 -6.439 13062.93 -6.69 13065.28 -6.681 13067.64 -6.595 13069.99 -6.501 13072.35 -6.507 13074.7 -6.54 13077.06 -6.344 13079.41 -6.383 13081.77 -6.438 13084.12 -6.747 13086.48 -6.9475 13088.83 -7.1965 13091.19 -7.589 13093.54 -7.7235 13095.9 -7.419 13098.25 -6.768 13100.61 -6.942 13102.96 -7.231 13105.32 -7.486 13107.67 -7.348 13110.03 -6.725 13112.38 -6.967 13114.74 -6.547 13117.09 -6.643 13119.45 -6.742 13124.16 -6.854 13126.51 -6.783 13128.87 -7.081 13131.23 -6.968 13133.58 -7.215 13135.94 -7.36 13138.29 -7.557 13140.65 -7.119 13143 -6.552 13145.36 -6.642 13147.71 -6.582 13150.07 -6.737 13154.78 -6.66 13157.13 -6.441 13159.49 -6.522 13161.84 -6.491 13164.2 -6.614 13166.55 -7.31 13168.91 -7.225 13171.26 -7.322 13173.62 -7.259 13175.97 -7.071 13178.33 -6.946 13180.68 -7.076 13183.04 -6.901 13185.39 -6.553 13187.75 -6.111 13190.1 -6.024 13192.46 -6.164 13194.81 -6.068 13197.17 -6.253 13199.52 -6.423 13201.88 -6.116 13204.23 -6.036 13206.59 -6.351 13208.94 -6.383 13211.3 -6.718 13213.65 -6.57 13216.01 -6.123 13218.36 -6.223 13220.72 -6.396 13223.07 -6.458 13225.43 -6.845 13227.78 -6.689 13230.14 -6.889 13232.5 -7.027 13234.85 -6.906 13237.21 -7.246 13239.56 -6.954 13241.92 -7.427 13244.27 -7.641 13246.63 -7.551 13248.98 -7.346 13251.34 -7.515 13253.69 -7.472 13256.05 -7.089 13258.4 -6.87 13260.76 -6.779 13263.11 -7.287 13265.47 -7.218 13267.82 -7.042 13270.18 -7.205 13272.53 -6.803 13274.89 -6.623 13277.24 -7.001 13279.6 -7.014 13281.95 -6.836 13284.31 -6.945 13286.66 -6.883 13289.02 -6.668 13291.37 -6.857 13293.73 -6.429 13296.08 -6.374 13298.44 -6.475 13300.79 -6.679 13303.15 -6.961 13305.5 -6.804 13307.86 -7.225 13310.21 -7.169 13312.57 -7.448 13314.92 -7.371 13317.28 -7.541 13319.63 -7.543 13334.89 -7.381 13409.31 -7.447 13483.72 -7.446 13558.14 -7.341 13632.55 -7.181 13706.97 -7.052 13781.38 -7.112 13855.8 -7.002 13930.21 -7.073 14004.63 -6.829 14054.72 -6.664 14066.8 -6.85 14078.89 -6.765 14090.98 -7.004 14103.07 -7.196 14115.15 -7.143 14127.24 -7.233 14139.33 -7.201 14151.42 -7.152 14163.5 -7.121 14175.59 -7.219 14187.68 -7.17 14199.76 -7.295 14211.85 -7.35 14223.94 -7.077 14236.03 -7.291 14248.11 -7.324 14260.2 -7.21 14272.29 -7.29 14284.38 -7.253 14296.46 -7.076 14308.55 -7.336 14320.64 -7.242 14332.72 -7.263 14344.81 -7.237 14356.9 -7.185 14368.99 -7.133 14381.07 -7.214 14393.16 -7.152 14405.25 -6.98 14417.33 -7.194 14429.42 -7.176 14441.51 -7.213 14453.6 -7.187 14465.68 -7.005 14477.77 -7.076 14489.86 -6.92 14501.95 -7.085 14514.03 -6.887 14526.12 -7.053 14538.21 -6.949 14550.29 -6.77 14562.38 -6.848 14574.47 -6.616 14586.56 -6.785 14598.64 -6.874 14610.73 -6.58 14622.82 -6.519 14634.91 -6.686 14646.99 -6.404 14659.08 -6.502 14671.17 -6.333 14683.25 -6.569 14695.34 -6.372 14707.43 -6.508 14719.52 -6.488 14731.6 -6.274 14743.69 -6.504 14755.78 -6.512 14767.87 -6.38 14779.95 -6.409 14792.04 -6.539 14804.13 -6.322 14816.21 -6.362 14828.3 -6.252 14840.39 -6.25 14852.48 -6.317 14864.56 -6.184 14876.65 -6.073 14888.74 -5.882 14900.83 -5.69 14912.91 -6.096 14925 -5.704 14937.09 -5.81 14949.17 -5.936 14961.26 -5.999 14973.35 -5.96 14985.44 -5.869 14997.52 -5.763 15009.61 -5.813 15021.7 -5.881 15033.79 -5.89 15045.87 -5.89 15057.96 -5.771 15070.05 -5.829 15082.13 -5.806 15094.22 -5.586 15106.31 -5.632 15118.4 -5.773 15130.48 -5.954 15142.57 -5.613 15154.66 -5.572 15166.75 -5.749 15178.83 -5.522 15190.92 -5.987 15203.01 -5.89 15215.09 -5.805