# Speleothem Stable Isotope Data of the last 200,000 Years from the Black Sea Region #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 4.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite original publication, NOAA Landing Page URL, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. # If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, study title, NOAA Landing Page URL, and date accessed. # # Description/Documentation lines begin with '#' followed by a space # Data lines have no '#' # # NOAA_Landing_Page: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/39063 # Landing_Page_Description: NOAA Landing Page of this file's parent study, which includes all study metadata. # # Study_Level_JSON_Metadata: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/json/noaa-cave-39063.json # Study_Level_JSON_Description: JSON metadata of this data file's parent study, which includes all study metadata. # # Data_Type: Speleothems # # Dataset_DOI: 10.25921/b84y-cm81 # # Science_Keywords: Dansgaard-Oeschger cycles, Glacial, Interglacial, Heinrich Events, abrupt climate change, centennial resolution #--------------------------------------- # Resource_Links # # Data_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/asia/turkey/held2024/held2024-so-6.txt # Data_Download_Description: NOAA Template File; So-6 d13C, d18O Data # #--------------------------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2024-02-22 #--------------------------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2025-02-05 #--------------------------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Speleothem Stable Isotope Data of the last 200,000 Years from the Black Sea Region #--------------------------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Held, Frederick (https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5101-9987) #--------------------------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: #--------------------------------------- # Publication # Authors: Held, F., Cheng, H., Edwards, R.L., Tüysüz, O., Koç, K., Fleitmann, D. # Published_Date_or_Year: 2024 # Published_Title: Dansgaard-Oeschger cycles of the penultimate and last glacial period recorded in stalagmites from Türkiye # Journal_Name: Nature Communications # Volume: 15 # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: # Report_Number: 1183 # DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45507-5 # Online_Resource: # Full_Citation: # Abstract: The last glacial period is characterized by abrupt climate oscillations, also known as Dansgaard-Oeschger (D-O) cycles. However, D-O cycles remain poorly documented in climate proxy records covering the penultimate glacial period. Here we present highly resolved and precisely dated speleothem time series from Sofular Cave in northern Türkiye to provide clear evidence for D-O cycles during Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 6 as well as MIS 2-4. D-O cycles are most clearly expressed in the Sofular carbon isotope time series, which correlate inversely with regional sea surface temperature (SST) records from the Black Sea. The pacing of D-O cycles is almost twice as long during MIS 6 compared to MIS 2-4, and could be related to a weaker Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) and a different mean climate during MIS 6 compared to MIS 2-4, leading most likely to a higher threshold for the occurrence of D-O cycles. #--------------------------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Swiss National Science Foundation # Grant: PP002-110554/1 #--------------------------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: US National Science Foundation # Grant: NSF 2202913 #--------------------------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: National Natural Science Foundation of China # Grant: NSFC 41888101 and NSFC 42150710534 #--------------------------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Istanbul Technical University # Grant: ITU-BAP-332491 #--------------------------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Gary Comer Science and Education Foundation # Grant: CP41 #--------------------------------------- # Site_Information # Site_Name: Sofular Cave # Location: Turkey # Northernmost_Latitude: 41.427778 # Southernmost_Latitude: 41.427778 # Easternmost_Longitude: 31.950139 # Westernmost_Longitude: 31.950139 # Elevation_m: 410 #--------------------------------------- # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: So-6 d13C, d18O Held2024 # First_Year: 133640 # Last_Year: 127280 # Time_Unit: calendar year before present # Core_Length_m: # Parameter_Keywords: carbon isotopes, oxygen isotopes, age control, geochemistry # Notes: #--------------------------------------- # Chronology_Information # Chronology: # Chronology: Uranium-Thorium # Chronology_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/templates/noaa-wds-paleo-uth-terms.csv # Chronology_Download_Description: Uranium-Thorium terms and definitions. # Chronology_Notes: U-series dating (230Th) was performed on a multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (MC-ICP-MS, Thermo-Finnigan-Neptune) at the Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Minnesota and Institute of Global Environmental Change, Xi’an Jiaotong University. Further 230Th dating on stalagmites So-1 and So-2 was done on a Nu Instruments® MC-ICP-MS at the Geological Institute, University of Bern. # Rejection_Rationale: # 238U_Decay_Constant: # 234U_Decay_Constant: # 230Th_Decay_Constant: # Initial_230Th/232Th: # Initial_230Th/232Th_Method: # Age_Model_Method: # Missing_Values: na # Chronology_Table: # samp_id depth_top_mm 238U_ppb 238U_2s_ppb 232Th_ppt 232Th_2s_ppt 230Th_232Th_atom_ppm 230Th_232Th_atom_2s_ppm d234U_meas_permil d234U_meas_2s_permil 230Th_238U_act 230Th_238U_act_2s age_uncorr_kaBM age_uncorr_2s_ka age_corr_kaBP1950 age_corr_2s_ka notes # So6-M4 1116 43.886770833344 0.053614237532983 37.3153271972557 0.835240942010751 45570.0674480664 1021.99728927975 2066.9643033448 3.11751431780749 2.34999874382327 4.36247629363934E-03 127.839395464405 0.446738778318028 127.773966339584 0.446781116113186 "Thermo-Finnigan-Neptune (Minnesota; Xi'an)" # So6-M5 1138 24.1110283248997 2.61280280326204E-02 87.2107422826494 1.76639282093922 12011.6838075979 243.778823928367 2420.29576310774 3.08609646710401 2.63507191749557 4.43235164537219E-03 127.947433526913 0.400268063936728 127.864710410332 0.400573122944831 "Thermo-Finnigan-Neptune (Minnesota; Xi'an)" # So6-M6 1174 42.3048437648812 4.63084218193793E-02 366.687282627243 7.3594626062167 5259.64691107908 105.763309189964 2565.78333488362 3.28015971948442 2.76500979645368 4.57402942278155E-03 128.933989462284 0.400726276048225 128.821024071993 0.402366535213294 "Thermo-Finnigan-Neptune (Minnesota; Xi'an)" # So6-M7 1214 44.6575288335912 4.48518236771713E-02 126.854847953916 2.57450282328057 15311.506034514 311.322271268555 2391.57945683277 2.87320507625359 2.63793823795049 4.2038743549404E-03 130.025582964032 0.388016817999538 129.947820501498 0.388210083727309 "Thermo-Finnigan-Neptune (Minnesota; Xi'an)" # So6-M8 1266 72.1711341339052 8.54325815025252E-02 184.094326071572 3.70962684321813 14873.8640487652 300.321663757991 1950.34745162005 2.86480736230786 2.30109745702287 4.00980010369739E-03 132.050009770629 0.443995645079844 131.971433825859 0.444150728583584 "Thermo-Finnigan-Neptune (Minnesota; Xi'an)" # So6-M9 1308 72.2213701166096 8.79405496263569E-02 70.3205260666405 1.45709825999825 35918.8877969898 745.537401363399 1721.22224592666 2.9314684568318 2.1211608360335 3.64160677263972E-03 132.880415224446 0.459787328725888 132.813127832883 0.459815827074674 "Thermo-Finnigan-Neptune (Minnesota; Xi'an)" # So6-M10 1354 92.9386481827776 0.102027710981035 42.7492500316748 0.945254654003781 75218.4032058254 1665.32598766865 1685.93815383821 2.59365845255613 2.09841117321855 3.28826773016004E-03 133.554346790883 0.421203104262649 133.491272146783 0.421219229456598 "Thermo-Finnigan-Neptune (Minnesota; Xi'an)" #--------------------------------------- # Variables # PaST_Thesaurus_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/skos/past-thesaurus.rdf # PaST_Thesaurus_Download_Description: Paleoenvironmental Standard Terms (PaST) Thesaurus terms, definitions, and relationships in SKOS format. # # Data variables follow that are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-var components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, data type, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) # ## depth_mm depth,,,millimeter,,speleothems,,,N, ## age_kaBP age,,,calendar kiloyear before present,,speleothems,,Monte Carlo simulation,N,StalAge Model by Scholz and Hoffmann (2011) ## d13C delta 13C,calcite,,per mil PDB,,speleothems,,isotope ratio mass spectrometry,N, ## d18O delta 18O,calcite,,per mil PDB,,speleothems,,isotope ratio mass spectrometry,N, #------------------------ # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing_Values: NA depth_mm age_kaBP d13C d18O 1108 127.279 -7.905 -10.107 1110 127.3292 -7.935 -10.177 1112 127.3814 -9.053 -10.273 1114 127.4325 -9.074 -10.39 1116 127.4843 -9.282 -10.285 1118 127.534 -8.991 -10.698 1120 127.5827 -8.398 -10.906 1122 127.6307 -8.718 -10.797 1124 127.6702 -9.165 -10.83 1126 127.6981 -9.434 -10.328 1128 127.7295 -8.994 -10.394 1130 127.7633 -8.801 -10.614 1132 127.806 -9.042 -10.911 1134 127.8548 -8.56 -10.759 1136 127.907 -8.583 -10.762 1138 127.9594 -7.528 -10.948 1140 128.0109 -7.678 -11.132 1142 128.0626 -7.758 -11.189 1144 128.1132 -7.817 -11.328 1146 128.1646 -8.705 -10.963 1148 128.2153 -7.062 -10.873 1150 128.2654 -7.739 -11.4 1152 128.314 -7.716 -11.562 1154 128.3612 -7.805 -11.474 1156 128.4083 -7.569 -11.444 1158 128.457 -7.79 -11.376 1160 128.5083 -7.661 -11.408 1162 128.5583 -7.275 -11.229 1164 128.6117 -6.892 -11.208 1166 128.6678 -7.059 -11.307 1168 128.7217 -7.085 -11.3 1170 128.7775 -7.721 -11.426 1172 128.8334 -7.552 -11.332 1174 128.8896 -8.026 -11.455 1176 128.9463 -8.425 -11.31 1178 129.0037 -8.396 -11.43 1180 129.0629 -8.233 -11.342 1182 129.1205 -7.636 -11.703 1184 129.1813 -7.36 -11.822 1186 129.2391 -8.319 -11.678 1188 129.2998 -8.203 -11.562 1190 129.3617 -8.087 -11.446 1192 129.4254 -7.086 -11.693 1194 129.4888 -7.394 -11.855 1196 129.5506 -7.093 -11.953 1198 129.6127 -6.91 -12.089 1200 129.675 -7.107 -12.23 1202 129.7372 -7.114 -12.398 1204 129.799 -7.453 -12.297 1206 129.8595 -7.299 -12.78 1208 129.919 -8.153 -12.44 1210 129.9796 -7.069 -12.576 1212 130.0406 -6.934 -12.629 1214 130.1014 -6.813 -12.783 1216 130.162 -7.478 -12.776 1218 130.2213 -7.412 -13.109 1220 130.2819 -7.349 -13.132 1222 130.3412 -7.502 -13.32 1224 130.4012 -7.355 -13.397 1226 130.4618 -6.903 -13.368 1228 130.5242 -6.381 -13.563 1230 130.5879 -6.7 -13.766 1232 130.6522 -6.474 -13.988 1234 130.717 -5.963 -13.991 1236 130.783 -5.956 -13.827 1238 130.8485 -6.077 -14.142 1240 130.9132 -7.166 -13.881 1242 130.977 -6.322 -13.935 1244 131.0383 -6.544 -14.066 1246 131.0991 -6.391 -14.251 1248 131.16 -6.727 -13.967 1250 131.2209 -6.333 -14.122 1252 131.2822 -6.27 -14.096 1254 131.3443 -6.107 -13.818 1256 131.4042 -5.841 -13.722 1258 131.465 -6.235 -14.199 1260 131.5246 -5.901 -13.733 1262 131.583 -5.702 -13.729 1264 131.6429 -5.684 -13.738 1266 131.7042 -5.682 -13.731 1268 131.7631 -5.747 -13.533 1270 131.8227 -5.863 -13.825 1272 131.8821 -6.337 -13.347 1274 131.9418 -6.146 -13.847 1276 132.0003 -5.96 -13.598 1278 132.0562 -6.343 -13.538 1280 132.1144 -6.428 -13.719 1282 132.1712 -6.247 -13.107 1284 132.2269 -6.219 -13.845 1286 132.282 -6.062 -13.61 1288 132.3365 -5.946 -13.629 1290 132.3878 -6.186 -13.615 1292 132.4399 -5.994 -13.628 1294 132.489 -6.249 -13.698 1296 132.5375 -6.18 -13.554 1298 132.5852 -6.392 -13.607 1300 132.6337 -5.431 -13.157 1302 132.6839 -5.871 -13.45 1304 132.7323 -5.858 -13.552 1306 132.7838 -6.1 -13.458 1308 132.8366 -6.011 -13.534 1310 132.8876 -5.911 -13.351 1312 132.941 -5.738 -13.44 1314 132.9924 -5.61 -13.864 1316 133.0439 -5.898 -13.364 1318 133.0907 -5.923 -13.22 1320 133.1402 -6.005 -13.44 1322 133.1813 -5.754 -13.425 1324 133.2197 -6.214 -13.446 1326 133.2592 -6.16 -13.492 1328 133.2843 -6.448 -13.564 1330 133.2928 -6.335 -13.648 1332 133.3009 -6.086 -13.514 1334 133.3123 -5.787 -13.494 1336 133.3202 -6.007 -13.779 1338 133.3411 -5.7 -13.434 1340 133.3678 -5.727 -13.579 1342 133.4005 -5.52 -13.397 1344 133.4357 -5.83 -13.357 1346 133.4772 -6.146 -13.623 1348 133.5206 -5.564 -13.427 1350 133.5637 -5.786 -13.418 1352 133.6035 -6.144 -13.383 1354 133.6423 -6.254 -13.319