# Abaco Island Cave, Bahamas 64,000 Year Stable Isotope and Geochemical Data #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 2.0 # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/21490 # Online_Resource: http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/atlantic/abaco2017dc-01.txt # # Original_Source_URL: # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Archive: Speleothems # # Parameter_Keywords: oxygen isotopes, carbon isotopes, geochemistry #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2017-02-14 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Abaco Island Cave, Bahamas 64,000 Year Stable Isotope and Geochemical Data #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Arienzo, M.M.; Swart, P.K.; Broad, K.; Clement, A.C.; Pourmand, A.; Kakuk, B. #-------------------- # Description_and_Notes # Description: Speleothem stable isotope (d18O, d13C) and geochemical (Sr/Ca, Mg/Ca) data from stalagmites collected in # Abaco Island Cave, Bahamas for the past 64,000 years. Geochemical data builds upon previous study by Arienzo et al. 2015 EPSL. # From this study: AB-DC-01 and AB-DC-03 overlap with AB-DC-09. AB-DC-12 extends the record to 64 kyr. # Provided Keywords: Speleothem, Heinrich event, stable isotope, Bahamas #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Monica M. Arienzo, Peter K. Swart, Kenny Broad, Amy C. Clement, Ali Pourmand, Brian Kakuk # Published_Date_or_Year: 2017-06-15 (in press) # Published_Title: Multi-proxy evidence of millennial climate variability from multiple Bahamian speleothems # Journal_Name: Quaternary Science Reviews # Volume: # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2017.02.004 # Online_Resource: # Full_Citation: # Abstract: Northern Hemisphere tropical paleoclimate records support significant changes associated with Dansgaard Oeschger (D/O) events and Heinrich stadials 1 to 6 during the last 64,000 years. However, few absolutely dated terrestrial records from the western Atlantic span the last six Heinrich stadials. Here we present geochemical results from three new stalagmites collected from a cave in the Bahamas which encompass Heinrich stadials 1 to 6. We build on a previous study of the d13C and d18O values of the calcite and d18O value of fluid inclusions from a single stalagmite from the same cave spanning the last three Heinrich stadials. Absolute geochronometry using U-Th equilibrium series demonstrates that the stalagmites formed between 63.8 to 13.8 kyr BP. The d13C and d18O values of the calcite show higher values associated with Heinrich stadials 1-6, and lower values during the D/O interstadial events. The Sr/Ca ratios of the calcite are shown to be relatively invariant, while in two of the samples the Mg/Ca ratios track the d13C values. Increases in the d18O values across Heinrich stadials 1-6 are interpreted as being driven by lower temperatures. The two deeper occurring stalagmites demonstrate increased Mg/Ca ratios and d13C values during Heinrich stadials 1 and 2 which are interpreted as a signal of reduced flow rates in the epikarst and increased water/rock interactions as a result of increased aridity which potentially occurred across all six Heinrich stadials. The observed reductions in mean annual temperature and amount of precipitation across Heinrich stadials are proposed to be driven by a reduction in sea surface temperatures in the North Atlantic and an expanded Bermuda High. During D/O interstadials, the Bahamas cave records likely indicate warmer and/or wetter climate; however the isotopic shifts are not as significant as the isotopic excursions associated with Heinrich stadials. #------------------ # Publication # Authors: Monica M. Arienzo, Peter K. Swart, Ali Pourmand, Kenny Broad, Amy C. Clement, Lisa N. Murphy, Hubert B. Vonhof, Brian Kakuk # Published_Date_or_Year: 2015-11-15 # Published_Title: Bahamian speleothem reveals temperature decrease associated with Heinrich stadials # Journal_Name: Earth and Planetary Science Letters # Volume: 430 # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: 377-386 # Report Number: # DOI: 10.1016/j.epsl.2015.08.035 # Online_Resource: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0012821X15005610 # Full_Citation: # Abstract: Temperature reconstructions across Heinrich stadials 1-3 are presented from an absolute-dated speleothem from Abaco Island in the Bahamas to understand the nature of climate change across these intervals in the subtropical Atlantic. The stalagmite carbonate record, dated by the U-Th geochronometry technique, includes higher d18O and d13C values within Heinrich stadials 1, 2, and 3 followed by rapid declines at the end of the stadials. To aid in the interpretation of these results, the d18O of fluid inclusions associated with the Heinrich stadials were also analyzed. These measurements, which allowed for the relative influence of temperature and d18O of precipitation to be distinguished, demonstrate minimal changes in the d18O of fluid inclusions, suggesting that changes in the d18O values of the speleothem carbonate associated with Heinrich stadials 1-3 are principally driven by an average ~4C temperature decrease, rather than a change in the d18O of the rainfall (hence rainfall amount). These findings support previous work in the North Atlantic and are consistent with the climate response to a weakening of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation. #--------------------------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: US National Science Foundation # Grant: AGS-1103489, 1304540 #--------------------------------------- # Site Information # Site_Name: Abaco Island Cave # Location: Ocean>Atlantic Ocean>North Atlantic Ocean>Caribbean Sea>Bahamas # Country: Bahamas # Northernmost_Latitude: 26.23 # Southernmost_Latitude: 26.23 # Easternmost_Longitude: -77.16 # Westernmost_Longitude: -77.16 # Elevation: -16.5 #--------------------------------------- # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: Abaco2017DC-01 # First_Year: 28895 # Last_Year: 23699 # Time_Unit: cal. yr BP # Core_Length: # Notes: #--------------------------------------- # Chronology_Information # Chronology: # # Sample Id Distance from Top 238U (95% CI) 232Th (95% CI) [230Th/238U] (95% CI) [230Th/232Th] (95% CI) Uncorr. Age (95% CI) [234U/238U] initial (95% CI) Corr. Age (95% CI) # um (ppb) ± (ppb) ± (activity) ± (activity) ± (y) ± (corrected activity) ± (y) ± # DC-01 5000 112.994 0.087 2.190 0.180 0.2069 0.0037 32.7 2.74 27397 555 0.93 0.00259 24,604 755 # DC-01 8000 182.614 0.104 0.531 0.016 0.2128 0.0011 223.7 6.84 26024 138 1.004 0.00254 25,640 148 # DC-01 17000 316.354 0.174 0.402 0.039 0.23 0.0012 555.3 54.07 27798 144 1.025 0.00265 27,634 145 # DC-01 36000 335.15 0.17 0.597 0.005 0.2339 0.0011 401.4 3.86 28311 130 1.025 0.00261 28,081 136 # DC-01 45000 347.287 0.212 0.316 0.006 0.2363 0.0011 792.7 16.24 28431 127 1.032 0.00268 28,315 129 # # DC-03 8000 566.682 0.265 2.312 0.019 0.1305 0.0006 97.7 0.9 14925 60 1.022 0.00244 14,396 103 # DC-03 48000 355.148 0.204 3.257 0.023 0.1377 0.0006 45.9 0.38 15745 65 1.026 0.00254 14,556 202 # DC-03 138000 349.702 0.161 1.345 0.021 0.1319 0.0006 104.9 1.69 15266 57 1.012 0.00245 14,762 98 # DC-03 150000 358.728 0.19 0.437 0.004 0.1347 0.0005 337.9 3.54 15478 51 1.02 0.00248 15,320 56 # DC-03 178000 389.329 0.183 0.874 0.018 0.1373 0.0006 187 3.98 15804 65 1.019 0.00244 15,513 80 # # DC-12 14000 775.204 0.422 2.575 0.016 0.2914 0.0011 268.1 1.92 37148 144 1.011 0.00264 36,712 159 # DC-12 53000 260.535 0.163 0.490 0.002 0.3022 0.0014 490.8 2.88 39247 190 1.001 0.0027 38,999 191 # DC-12 84000 361.556 0.174 1.420 0.019 0.3204 0.0012 249.3 3.48 42059 164 1.003 0.00263 41,539 180 # DC-12 101000 395.053 0.351 0.311 0.002 0.3261 0.0014 1266.5 9.18 42500 192 1.012 0.0029 42,397 191 # DC-12 133000 624.8 0.29 0.271 0.007 0.3309 0.0013 2330.9 58.92 43035 164 1.017 0.00267 42,979 164 # DC-12 167000 301.034 0.192 0.390 0.004 0.336 0.0015 792 8.53 44287 219 1.008 0.00281 44,117 219 # DC-12 193000 612.42 0.275 0.240 0.006 0.3395 0.0013 2654.1 72.22 44444 174 1.017 0.00263 44,394 174 # DC-12 215000 330.759 0.2 0.553 0.031 0.3532 0.0014 646.8 36.18 47031 206 1.01 0.00282 46,812 209 # DC-12 225000 537.129 0.295 1.247 0.014 0.3648 0.0014 480.3 5.73 48713 205 1.015 0.00279 48,410 211 # DC-12 228000 319.361 0.159 0.398 0.008 0.3762 0.0015 921.8 18.78 50999 213 1.009 0.00276 50,836 215 # DC-12 230000 300.241 0.191 0.838 0.033 0.384 0.0017 420.8 16.65 52327 269 1.009 0.00287 51,960 274 # DC-12 235000 224.135 0.122 0.250 0.023 0.4072 0.0017 1118.4 101.68 56846 276 1.004 0.00298 56,699 277 # DC-12 240000 375.277 0.219 0.937 0.003 0.4202 0.0022 514.2 3.2 57771 368 1.025 0.00285 57,449 371 # DC-12 256000 209.07 0.104 0.691 0.019 0.4249 0.0017 393.2 10.86 60592 295 0.997 0.00292 60,153 302 # DC-12 272000 262.334 0.164 0.286 0.014 0.4445 0.002 1247.8 61.52 62474 334 1.022 0.00293 62,333 335 # DC-12 288000 338.949 0.155 0.361 0.006 0.4485 0.0018 1286.4 23.23 63164 299 1.023 0.00288 63,026 300 # DC-12 309000 535.342 0.255 0.672 0.010 0.4554 0.0018 1108.7 17.08 63540 277 1.036 0.00276 63,379 276 # # #---------------- # Variables # # Data variables follow are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Data line variables format: Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-longname-tab-longname components (9 components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, archive, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) # ## depth_um depth, , , um, , , , ,N ## age_calBP age, , , calendar years before present, , , , ,N ## d13CcarbPDB delta13C, calcium carbonate, , per mil PDB, ,speleothem, , analytical technique: isotope ratio mass spectrometry,N ## d18OcarbPDB delta18O, calcium carbonate, , per mil PDB, ,speleothem, , analytical technique: isotope ratio mass spectrometry,N ## Sr/Ca Strontium/Calcium ratio, calcium carbonate, , mmol mol-1, ,speleothem, , analytical technique: inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy,N ## Mg/Ca Magnesium/Calcium ratio, calcium carbonate, , mmol mol-1, ,speleothem, , analytical technique: inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy,N # #---------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing Values: # depth_um age_calBP d13CcarbPDB d18OcarbVPDB Sr/Ca Mg/Ca 0 23699 1.72 -2.24 1.4 27.49 1000 23850 1.2 -2.43 1.48 26.29 2000 24048 1.07 -2.32 1.49 23.32 3000 24283 0.44 -2.49 1.56 23.71 4000 24542 0.64 -2.23 1.58 24.12 5000 24817 0.15 -2.41 1.71 23.04 6000 25094 0.28 -2.33 1.58 22.37 7000 25364 -0.12 -2.3 1.7 22.23 8000 25616 1.83 -1.8 1.61 24.07 9000 25868 1.55 -1.77 1.62 20.57 10000 26139 0.71 -2.19 1.95 17.67 11000 26418 -0.14 -2.1 1.72 13.89 12000 26692 -0.75 -3 1.72 15.09 13000 26952 -0.64 -2.45 1.77 14.28 14000 27185 -2.48 -3.83 1.84 11.62 15000 27379 -2.71 -3.22 1.61 11.14 16000 27525 -3.16 -3.82 1.55 11.08 17000 27610 -3.26 -3.65 1.59 10.08 18000 27658 -3.25 -4.08 2.28 10.89 19000 27701 -2.94 -3.71 2.72 14.25 20000 27740 -2.87 -3.8 1.5 11.5 21000 27775 -2.85 -3.17 1.45 10.93 22000 27806 -3.12 -3.88 1.48 10.97 23000 27835 -2.78 -3.28 1.74 10.7 24000 27860 -2.33 -3.28 1.77 12.63 25000 27884 -2.83 -3.45 1.84 15.31 26000 27905 -3.08 -3.48 1.66 12.63 27000 27925 -2.94 -3.18 1.7 12.53 28000 27944 -3.05 -3.23 1.65 11.64 29000 27962 -2.87 -2.82 1.53 11.82 30000 27979 -2.97 -2.98 1.58 12.56 31000 27997 -2.86 -2.67 1.6 12.44 32000 28015 -2.78 -3.09 1.64 13.28 33000 28034 -2.4 -2.87 1.71 13.73 34000 28054 -2.63 -2.71 1.64 13.21 35000 28076 -2.47 -2.63 1.68 14.35 36000 28100 -2.55 -2.44 1.61 14.01 37000 28125 -2.65 -2.65 1.56 14.75 38000 28151 -2.64 -3 1.93 15.3 39000 28176 -2.7 -2.66 1.43 15.16 40000 28201 -2.33 -2.05 1.43 14.65 41000 28226 -2.68 -2.53 1.51 14.09 42000 28251 -2.65 -2.47 1.48 15.29 43000 28276 -2.75 -2.69 1.49 14.01 44000 28301 -2.61 -3.14 1.66 15.41 45000 28326 -2.77 -2.65 1.59 13.57 46000 28351 -2.56 -2.58 1.62 13.36 47000 28376 -2.69 -2.95 1.62 13.33 48000 28400 -2.59 -3.09 1.71 14.11 49000 28425 -2.54 -2.86 1.65 14.28 50000 28449 -2.78 -2.78 1.71 13.17 51000 28473 -2.61 -2.38 1.61 13.27 52000 28497 -2.58 -2.79 1.7 13.84 53000 28521 -2.42 -2.81 1.88 13.96 54000 28544 -2.37 -2.51 1.94 13.58 55000 28567 -2.61 -2.63 1.84 13.39 56000 28590 -2.62 -2.67 1.88 14.54 57000 28613 -2.54 -2.86 1.93 14.28 58000 28636 -3.02 -2.9 1.74 12.27 59000 28658 -3.12 -2.98 1.9 11.99 60000 28680 -2.94 -2.98 1.88 12.53 61000 28701 -3.02 -2.81 1.81 11.91 62000 28722 -2.4 -2.66 1.83 12.8 63000 28743 -1.93 -2.42 1.88 13.63 64000 28764 -2.92 -3.53 1.79 14.25 65000 28784 -2.52 -2.87 1.76 14.43 66000 28803 -2.57 -3.11 1.82 13.68 67000 28823 -2.47 -3.31 2.07 13.83 68000 28842 -2.78 -3.25 1.91 12.41 69000 28860 -2.65 -3.15 1.9 13.3 70000 28878 -1.7 -2.79 1.96 16.21 71000 28895 -1.81 -2.69 2.15 14.61