# Asia and South America Heinrich Stadial 4 Speleothem Oxygen Isotope Data #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 3.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite original publication, online resource and date accessed when using this data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigator, title, online resource and date accessed. # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/34255 # Description: NOAA Landing Page # Online_Resource: https://ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/cheng2021/cheng2021wulu.txt # Description: NOAA location of the template # # Data_Type: Speleothems # # Dataset_DOI: 10.25921/ze3q-mv93 # # Parameter_Keywords: oxygen isotopes #--------------------------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2021-11-09 #--------------------------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2021-11-09 #--------------------------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Asia and South America Heinrich Stadial 4 Speleothem Oxygen Isotope Data #--------------------------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Cheng, H.; Xu, Y.; Dong, X.; Zhao, J.; Li, H.; Baker, J.; Sinha, A.; Spotl, C.; Zhang, H.; Du, W.; Zong, B.; Jia, X.; Kathayat, G.; Liu, D.; Cai, Y.; Wang, X.; Strikis, N.M.; Cruz, F.W.; Auler, A.S.; Gupta, A.K.; Singh, R.K.; Jaglan, S.; Dutt, S.; Liu, Z.; Edwards, R.L. #--------------------------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: Speleothem oxygen isotope (d18O) data from 9 caves in China, India, Brazil, and Peru for Heinrich Stadial 4 (~35-41 ka). Each contains one or two speleothem oxygen isotope records in the same cave. Among these records, the El Condor, Mawmluh, Paraiso, Toca da Boa vista, Toca da Barriguda, Zhangjia Cave records are totally new in both the U-Th dates and oxygen isotope data. We used the Hulu Cave U-Th dates from published data in Cheng et al. (2018) and improved its resolution in oxygen isotope data. We used the published oxygen isotope data from Wulu Cave and Lapa Sem Fim Cave and obtained more U-Th dates to improve their age models. # Provided Keywords: Heinrich Stadial 4, timing, structure, event phasing, climate dynamics #--------------------------------------- # Publication # Authors: Hai Cheng, Yao Xu, Xiyu Dong, Jingyao Zhao, Hanying Li, Jonathan Baker, Ashish Sinha, Christoph Spotl, Haiwei Zhang, Wenjing Du, Baoyun Zong, Xue Jia, Gayatri Kathayat, Dianbing Liu, Yanjun Cai, Xianfeng Wang, Nicolas M. Strikis, Francisco W. Cruz, Augusto S. Auler, Anil K. Gupta, Raj Kumar Singh, Sonu Jaglan, Som Dutt, Zhengyu Liu, R. Lawrence Edwards # Published_Date_or_Year: 2021-11-08 # Published_Title: Onset and termination of Heinrich Stadial 4 and the underlying climate dynamics # Journal_Name: Communications Earth & Environment # Volume: 2 # Edition: 230 # Issue: # Pages: # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1038/s43247-021-00304-6 # Online_Resource: https://www.nature.com/articles/s43247-021-00304-6 # Full_Citation: # Abstract: Heinrich Stadial 4 during the last glacial period was marked by severe cooling at northern high latitudes along with the attendant changes in Asian Monsoon (Chinese Stadial 4) and South American Monsoon (South American Stadial 4). Here we present improved constraints on timings of Heinrich/Chinese/South American Stadial 4 onset and termination at sub-centennial precision based on speleothem records. We show that their initial onsets were essentially synchronous (40.20 +- 0.08 thousand years ago) and led the Antarctic warming by ~300 years. The Heinrich/Chinese Stadial 4 termination commenced at 38.34 +- 0.07 thousand years ago following a centennial-scale reduction in the Amazon River runoff and a poleward shift of the Southern Westerly wind belt. These two precursor events may have contributed to a reduced Amazon Plume Region and an enhanced Agulhas salt/heat leakage that led to an abrupt resumption of the Atlantic Meridional Ocean Circulation eventually triggering the Heinrich/Chinese Stadial 4 termination. #--------------------------------------- # Publication # Authors: Dianbing Liu, Yongjin Wang, Hai Cheng, R.L. Edwards, Xinggong Kong, Shitao Chen, Shushuang Liu # Published_Date_or_Year: 2018-02-01 # Published_Title: Contrasting patterns in abrupt Asian summer monsoon changes in the last glacial period and the Holocene # Journal_Name: Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology # Volume: 33 # Edition: # Issue: 2 # Pages: 214-226 # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1002/2017PA003294 # Online_Resource: https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/2017PA003294 # Full_Citation: # Abstract: Detailed Asian summer monsoon (ASM) variability across Heinrich stadials (HSs) 5 to 2 was reconstructed from four stalagmite oxygen isotopic (d18O) records in central and southern China. For the last glacial period, these speleothem records, combined with previous cave records, reveal a rapid ASM decline at the onset of each HS. During this time, ASM intensity decreases immediately to the weakest level within approximately 50 years, which is followed by a gradual intensification in the mid-HS. Typically, this process of ASM weakening is synchronous with peak ice-rafted debris deposition and large freshwater outbursts into the North Atlantic, implying a tight link between the two. During the Holocene, however, a relatively gradual ASM decrease occurred at the start of the Bond events. Comparatively, the ASM decrease during the Bond events is generally accomplished within 110 years, and the weakest ASM occurs near the end. This difference implicates a further southward displacement of the Intertropical Convergence Zone and a stronger impact from the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation on the ASM in the early HS. Moreover, contrasting expressions of the ASM during HSs and Bond events suggest that a fixed phase relationship during bipolar climate changes cannot be expected. #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: National Natural Science Foundation of China # Grant: 41888101, 41731174 #--------------------------------------- # Site_Information # Site_Name: Wulu Cave # Location: Asia>Eastern Asia>China # Northernmost_Latitude: 26.05 # Southernmost_Latitude: 26.05 # Easternmost_Longitude: 105.08 # Westernmost_Longitude: 105.08 # Elevation: 1440 #--------------------------------------- # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: Cheng2021Wulu30 # First_Year: 41481 # Last_Year: 36658 # Time_Unit: cal yr BP # Core_Length: # Notes: #--------------------------------------- # Chronology_Information # Chronology: # # Sample ID Depth from top (mm) Age (BP) Error # Wu 30-150 150 37862 75 # Wu 30-170 170 38387 67 # Wu 30-180 180 38644 73 # Wu 30-200 200 39126 73 # Wu 30-210 210 39226 76 # Wu 30-220 220 39475 77 # Wu 30-230 230 39455 72 # Wu 30-240 240 39731 71 # Wu30-250 250 39952 62 # Wu 30-255 255 40187 76 # Wu 30-257.5 258 40246 76 # Wu 30-260 260 40397 69 # Wu 30-266 266 40629 82 # # Wu 30-268 # 112 36884 251 # Wu 30-269 # 300 41310 90 # #--------------------------------------- # Variables # Data variables follow that are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-longname components (9 components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, archive, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) # ## depth depth,,,millimeter,,speleothems,,,N,Depth from stalagmite top ## age age,,,calendar year before present,,speleothems,,,N, ## d18OcarbVPDB delta 18O,calcium carbonate,,per mil VPDB,,speleothems,,isotope ratio mass spectrometry,N, # #------------------------ # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing_Values: # depth Age d18OcarbVPDB 100 36658 -9.314 102 36708 -9.272 104 36756 -9.377 106 36805 -9.447 108 36854 -9.422 110 36903 -9.336 112 36952 -9.336 114 37001 -9.079 116 37050 -8.999 118 37098 -9.297 120 37147 -9.527 122 37197 -9.187 124 37246 -9.124 126 37294 -9.264 128 37343 -9.351 130 37392 -9.256 132 37441 -9.458 134 37490 -9.237 135 37515 -9.764 136 37540 -9.507 137 37564 -9.449 138 37589 -9.299 139 37614 -10.032 140 37638 -9.102 141 37663 -9.317 142 37688 -9.444 143 37712 -9.083 144 37737 -9.437 145 37762 -9.413 146 37786 -9.14 147 37811 -9.244 148 37835 -9.177 149 37859 -9.414 150 37884 -9.231 151 37909 -9.594 152 37933 -9.129 153 37958 -9.418 154 37983 -9.106 155 38007 -9.073 156 38033 -9.342 157 38058 -8.994 158 38084 -9.215 159 38109 -8.826 160 38135 -8.692 161 38160 -8.84 162 38185 -8.848 163 38211 -8.674 164 38236 -8.75 165 38261 -8.815 166 38285 -8.589 167 38310 -8.587 168 38334 -8.533 169 38359 -8.894 170 38383 -8.784 171 38408 -8.888 172 38432 -8.933 173 38457 -8.616 174 38482 -8.653 175 38508 -8.63 176 38533 -8.901 177 38558 -8.659 178 38582 -8.663 179 38606 -8.51 180 38630 -8.504 181 38654 -8.876 182 38678 -8.41 183 38700 -8.455 184 38723 -8.211 185 38746 -8.646 186 38768 -8.655 187 38790 -8.788 188 38813 -8.518 189 38835 -8.606 190 38857 -8.433 191 38880 -8.333 192 38903 -8.696 193 38925 -8.923 194 38946 -8.595 195 38968 -8.722 196 38989 -8.618 197 39011 -8.706 198 39032 -8.416 199 39054 -8.798 200 39075 -8.537 201 39097 -8.943 202 39118 -8.807 203 39139 -9.041 204 39160 -8.315 205 39181 -8.54 206 39202 -8.712 207 39221 -8.373 208 39240 -8.604 209 39258 -8.647 210 39278 -9.16 211 39298 -8.546 212 39319 -8.937 213 39340 -8.513 214 39361 -9.027 215 39380 -8.752 216 39390 -9.065 217 39401 -9.247 218 39412 -9.016 219 39424 -9.375 220 39433 -9.09 221 39440 -9.08 222 39449 -9.08 223 39459 -9.13 224 39462 -9.463 225 39464 -9.217 226 39466 -8.944 227 39469 -9.181 228 39471 -9.082 229 39483 -8.919 230 39495 -9.591 231 39508 -9.101 232 39522 -9.084 233 39536 -9.332 234 39556 -9.129 235 39583 -9.412 236 39610 -9.286 237 39637 -9.268 238 39664 -9.478 239 39692 -9.569 240 39720 -9.488 241 39748 -9.42 242 39775 -9.463 243 39802 -9.428 244 39827 -9.784 245 39851 -9.649 246 39875 -9.519 247 39901 -9.645 248 39928 -9.558 249 39957 -9.405 250 39987 -9.351 251 40018 -9.328 252 40051 -9.668 253 40085 -9.213 254 40121 -9.787 255 40159 -9.597 256 40199 -9.937 257 40240 -9.658 258 40286 -9.851 259 40336 -9.455 260 40384 -9.584 262 40465 -9.235 264 40542 -9.434 266 40617 -9.299 268 40690 -9.13 270 40705 -9.298 272 40720 -9.167 274 40767 -9.238 276 40815 -9.163 278 40864 -9.312 280 40911 -9.262 282 40958 -9.315 284 41006 -9.403 286 41053 -9.267 288 41101 -9.327 290 41148 -9.54 292 41197 -9.922 294 41245 -9.782 296 41292 -9.741 298 41338 -9.628 300 41386 -9.623 302 41433 -9.524 304 41481 -9.488