Sanbao Cave, China Holocene Speleothem Oxygen Isotope Data ----------------------------------------------------------------------- World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder and NOAA Paleoclimatology Program ----------------------------------------------------------------------- NOTE: PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL REFERENCE WHEN USING THIS DATA!!!!! NAME OF DATA SET: Sanbao Cave, China Holocene Speleothem Oxygen Isotope Data LAST UPDATE: 3/2010 (Original receipt by WDC Paleo) CONTRIBUTORS: Dong, J., Y. Wang, H. Cheng, B. Hardt, R.L. Edwards, X. Kong, J. Wu, S. Chen, D. Liu, X. Jiang, and K. Zhao. IGBP PAGES/WDCA CONTRIBUTION SERIES NUMBER: 2010-025 WDC PALEO CONTRIBUTION SERIES CITATION: Dong, J., et al. 2010. Sanbao Cave, China Holocene Speleothem Oxygen Isotope Data. IGBP PAGES/World Data Center for Paleoclimatology Data Contribution Series # 2010-025. NOAA/NCDC Paleoclimatology Program, Boulder CO, USA. ORIGINAL REFERENCE: Dong, J., Y. Wang, H. Cheng, B. Hardt, R.L. Edwards, X. Kong, J. Wu, S. Chen, D. Liu, X. Jiang, and K. Zhao. 2010. A high-resolution stalagmite record of the Holocene East Asian monsoon from Mt Shennongjia, central China. The Holocene Vol. 20(2), pp. 257-264. DOI: 10.1177/0959683609350393 ABSTRACT: High-resolution oxygen isotope (d18O) profiles of six stalagmites from Sanbao Cave in Hubei province, central China, established with 1413 oxygen isotope data and 65 230Th ages, provide a continuous history of East Asian Summer Monsoon (EASM) intensity for the period from 13-0.2 thousand years before present (ky BP, relative to AD 1950). The d18O record includes four distinct stages in the evolution of the EASM: (1) an abrupt transition (~11.5 ky BP) into the Holocene; (2) a period of gradual increase in monsoon intensity (11.5-9.5 ky BP); (3) the maximum humid period (9.5-6.5 ky BP); and (4) a period of gradual decline in monsoon intensity (6.5-0.2 ky BP). Comparison of Sanbao with regional records of comparable resolution reveals that the timing of the beginning and end of the Holocene Optimum (as defined by the minimum in d18O) was similar in the Indian and East Asian monsoon systems. This supports the idea that shifts in the monsoon tied to shifts in the mean position of the Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) may control monsoon intensity throughout the entire low-latitude region of Asia on orbital timescales. This observation also supports the idea that the fluctuations in d18O recorded across southern Asia reflect broad changes in the monsoon, as opposed to local meteoric precipitation. The EASM records from Sanbao largely follow orbital-scale insolation changes, yet exhibit similar variability to Greenland ice core d18O on millennial to centennial scales during the early to middle Holocene (r = 0.94). GEOGRAPHIC REGION: Central China PERIOD OF RECORD: 13,000 - 200 YrBP FUNDING SOURCES: National Nature Science Foundation of China (No. 40631003, 40771009 and 40702026), Scientific Research Foundation of Outstanding doctoral of Nanjing Normal University (No.1243211601037) and US National Science Foundation grants (No. 0214041, 0116395, 023239 and 0502535). DESCRIPTION: High-resolution oxygen isotope data and U/Th dating results over the entire Holocene from 6 stalagmites collected in Sanbao cave, Hubei province, central China. Stalagmites sb43 and sb10 have hiatus at ~7700-6700 years BP and ~3000-5700 years BP, respectively. Stalagmites sb26, sb27, sb44, and sb49 have no hiatus. Spacing between samples is 2mm for sb49 and sb44, and 1mm for the other samples. Sanbao Cave: 31°40'N, 110°26'E, 1900 m elev. DATA: 1. Table 1. 230Th dating results Column 1: Sample/Depth (mm) Column 2: 238U (ppb) Column 3: 238U error (ppb) Column 4: 232Th (ppt) Column 5: 232Th error (ppt) Column 6: 234U (measured) Column 7: 234U error (measured) Column 8: [230Th/238U] (activity) Column 9: [230Th/238U] (activity) error Column 10: Age (Yr BP)(uncorrected) Column 11: Age (Yr BP)(uncorrected) error Column 12: Age (Yr BP)(corrected) Column 13: Age (Yr BP)(corrected) error Column 14: 234U (initial) Column 15: 234U (initial) error Sample/ 238U 232Th 234U [230Th/238U] Age (Yr BP) Age (Yr BP) 234U Depth (mm) (ppb) (ppt) (measured) (activity) (uncorrected) (corrected) (initial) SB10-1mm 309.3 ± 0.4 355.3 ± 30 1004.2 ± 2.6 0.03933 ± 0.00040 2160.9 ± 22.6 2089.2 ± 24.1 1010.3 ± 2.6 SB10-17mm 743.1 ± 2.7 708.3 ± 38 1003.4 ± 6.2 0.0523 ± 0.00075 2882.8 ± 42.7 2814 ± 43.2 1011.5 ± 6.2 SB10-30mm 929.2 ± 1.6 309.6 ± 5 991.1 ± 2.7 0.10322 ± 0.00057 5788.9 ± 33.7 5724.1 ± 33.8 1007.4 ± 2.8 SB10-38mm 816.4 ± 1.5 437.7 ± 5 992.7 ± 3.1 0.10502 ± 0.00063 5887.1 ± 37.2 5822.3 ± 37.4 1009.3 ± 3.2 SB10-47mm 839.4 ± 1.7 392.9 ± 32 979.8 ± 3.0 0.11718 ± 0.00078 6630.9 ± 46.7 6569.1 ± 46.8 998.3 ± 3.1 SB10-61mm 709.2 ± 1.1 332.2 ± 5 981.6 ± 2.6 0.12759 ± 0.00070 7229.9 ± 41.7 7166 ± 41.8 1001.9 ± 2.6 SB10-71mm 947 ± 1.8 799.7 ± 5 978.8 ± 2.8 0.1318 ± 0.00060 7486.6 ± 36.6 7417.3 ± 37.1 999.7 ± 2.9 SB10-81mm 912.4 ± 1.9 301.9 ± 42 976.3 ± 3.2 0.13852 ± 0.00107 7890.3 ± 64.3 7830.5 ± 64.4 998.3 ± 3.3 SB10-88mm 909.7 ± 2.0 251.7 ± 30 973.1 ± 3.1 0.14071 ± 0.00096 8032.6 ± 56.4 7974.5 ± 56.4 995.4 ± 3.2 SB10-112mm 1070.7 ± 2.4 198.2 ± 41 995.9 ± 3.3 0.15109 ± 0.00096 8542.3 ± 58.1 8485.7 ± 58.2 1020.3 ± 3.4 SB10-136mm 1251 ± 2.6 848.8 ± 58 986.3 ± 3.1 0.1557 ± 0.00102 8856.9 ± 61.9 8792 ± 62.0 1011.3 ± 3.2 SB10-155mm 1253.6 ± 3.4 471 ± 21 991.9 ± 2.8 0.16378 ± 0.00097 9305.9 ± 58.8 9245.5 ± 58.8 1018.4 ± 2.9 SB10-177mm 834.9 ± 1.8 125.9 ± 43 980.4 ± 3.5 0.16929 ± 0.00108 9689.8 ± 66.8 9633.7 ± 66.8 1007.6 ± 3.6 SB10-190mm 1429.8 ± 3.2 388.5 ± 28 988.5 ± 2.4 0.17315 ± 0.00090 9876.6 ± 55.1 9816.7 ± 55.1 1016.5 ± 2.5 SB10-205mm 1228.6 ± 2.4 595.6 ± 46 992.6 ± 2.7 0.17899 ± 0.00118 10201.5 ± 71.6 10140.6 ± 71.7 1021.6 ± 2.8 SB10-266mm 937.8 ± 2.2 1209.8 ± 36 990.7 ± 3.4 0.20234 ± 0.00121 11605.3 ± 75.7 11532.7 ± 76.3 1023.7 ± 3.5 SB27-9mm 614.2 ± 1.7 3549.2 ± 46 1132.6 ± 4.2 0.05077 ± 0.00068 2625.6 ± 36.0 2492 ± 53.3 1140.8 ± 4.3 SB27-17mm 490.7 ± 1.4 424.4 ± 46 1162.7 ± 5.8 0.05292 ± 0.00114 2699.5 ± 59.1 2632.9 ± 59.4 1171.6 ± 5.8 SB27-28mm 538.7 ± 1.6 633.6 ± 45 1131.9 ± 5.7 0.06268 ± 0.00112 3250.3 ± 59.6 3179.3 ± 60.1 1142.3 ± 5.7 SB27-60mm 639.9 ± 1.8 586.4 ± 55 1131.3 ± 5.5 0.07747 ± 0.00128 4030.6 ± 68.6 3963.1 ± 68.9 1144.2 ± 5.6 SB27-66mm 469.6 ± 1.4 631.2 ± 57 1120.6 ± 6.5 0.08982 ± 0.00293 4709.3 ± 157.4 4636 ± 157.6 1135.5 ± 6.6 SB27-107mm 739.8 ± 3.1 463.7 ± 7 1126.5 ± 8.9 0.12602 ± 0.00161 6637.1 ± 91.7 6574.6 ± 91.8 1147.8 ± 9.1 SB27-152mm 521.6 ± 1.4 1225.4 ± 30 1154 ± 4.4 0.162 ± 0.00135 8481.7 ± 75.1 8395.4 ± 76.7 1181.8 ± 4.5 SB26-1mm 758.2 ± 1.6 544.3 ± 27 954.4 ± 2.8 0.00838 ± 0.00036 469.1 ± 20.3 403.5 ± 21.0 955.6 ± 2.8 SB26-126mm 720.8 ± 2.3 3495.9 ± 56 956.7 ± 5.6 0.04943 ± 0.00081 2788.7 ± 47.1 2661.8 ± 59.2 964 ± 5.7 SB26-144mm 774.1 ± 2.3 528.2 ± 43 954.7 ± 4.9 0.05479 ± 0.00075 3097.9 ± 43.6 3032.8 ± 43.9 963.1 ± 4.9 SB26-162mm 725.7 ± 2.6 130.8 ± 61 947.9 ± 6.5 0.06069 ± 0.00124 3448.2 ± 72.5 3390.5 ± 72.5 957.1 ± 6.6 SB26-265mm 761.4 ± 1.4 863.1 ± 11 960.5 ± 2.4 0.09483 ± 0.00053 5393.6 ± 31.6 5321.9 ± 32.7 975.2 ± 2.4 SB43-5mm 948.3 ± 1.6 1150 ± 16 1019.1 ± 8.6 0.00566 ± 0.00003 306.1 ± 2 232 ± 9 1020 ± 8.6 SB43-14mm 742.5 ± 1.3 1077.4 ± 6 1046.8 ± 3.0 0.01687 ± 0.00048 903.4 ± 26.0 825.8 ± 27.9 1049.4 ± 3.0 SB43-28mm 722.9 ± 1.3 549.4 ± 4 1058.4 ± 2.7 0.02092 ± 0.00122 1114.8 ± 65.3 1047.1 ± 65.5 1061.7 ± 2.8 SB43-63mm 770.7 ± 1.4 2682.4 ± 9 1017.5 ± 2.6 0.04798 ± 0.00060 2623.4 ± 33.3 2516.4 ± 41.6 1024.9 ± 2.6 SB43-84mm 2566 ± 19 5065.4 ± 40 1015.1 ± 6.5 0.05721 ± 0.00104 3137.8 ± 58.5 3052.5 ± 60.1 1024 ± 6.5 SB43-100mm 3354 ± 19 15148 ± 109 972.1 ± 4.5 0.06296 ± 0.00093 3534.4 ± 53.5 3411 ± 62.8 981.6 ± 4.6 SB43-120mm 918.7 ± 1.9 648.8 ± 5 978.5 ± 2.9 0.06633 ± 0.00069 3713.7 ± 39.6 3646.3 ± 39.9 988.8 ± 2.9 SB43-144mm 732 ± 2.0 2562.9 ± 9 1027.5 ± 3.5 0.07541 ± 0.00073 4126.3 ± 41.1 4019.3 ± 48.0 1039.4 ± 3.6 SB43-170mm 654 ± 2.0 700.9 ± 5 1041.6 ± 3.9 0.08856 ± 0.00086 4825.5 ± 48.8 4753.4 ± 49.3 1055.9 ± 4.0 SB43-193mm 567 ± 2.0 2553.4 ± 9 1034.5 ± 5.0 0.10592 ± 0.00102 5813.4 ± 59.1 5692.5 ± 67.1 1051.4 ± 5.1 SB43-214mm 704.6 ± 1.4 700.3 ± 4 1096.3 ± 3.5 0.12278 ± 0.00088 6557.9 ± 49.6 6487.3 ± 50.0 1116.7 ± 3.5 SB43-220mm 3412 ± 22 1849.8 ± 15 1071.9 ± 5.5 0.14218 ± 0.00173 7718.3 ± 98.8 7653.7 ± 98.8 1095.5 ± 5.6 SB43-250mm 1051.2 ± 2.3 667.9 ± 4 1024.1 ± 2.9 0.14828 ± 0.00103 8256.9 ± 60.2 8190.9 ± 60.4 1048.3 ± 3.0 SB43-280mm 855 ± 2.0 1228.1 ± 6 1004.8 ± 3.5 0.15256 ± 0.00120 8588.8 ± 71.5 8511.2 ± 72.2 1029.4 ± 3.6 SB43-300mm 1298.6 ± 3.0 4722 ± 15 988.7 ± 3.2 0.15502 ± 0.00104 8806 ± 62.9 8696.4 ± 68.1 1013.4 ± 3.3 SB43-325mm 1121.6 ± 2.2 2257 ± 25 1010.7 ± 2.5 0.16892 ± 0.00043 9494 ± 28 9409 ± 31 1038.1 ± 2.5 SB43-350mm 732.4 ± 1.6 5246.3 ± 22 1111.6 ± 3.6 0.18118 ± 0.00216 9723.1 ± 121.8 9568.8 ± 131.1 1142.2 ± 3.8 SB43-375mm 1251 ± 2.7 1405 ± 16 984 ± 3.0 0.18314 ± 0.00049 10471 ± 36 10399 ± 34 1013.5 ± 2.7 SB43-405mm 1181.9 ± 2.4 6225 ± 63 1164.1 ± 3.3 0.18314 ± 0.00057 11484 ± 36 11358 ± 50 1199.5 ± 3.4 SB43-424mm 705.2 ± 1.1 4429 ± 14 1157.8 ± 2.6 0.21963 ± 0.00154 11614.6 ± 86.7 11474.3 ± 96.1 1196.2 ± 2.7 SB43-450mm 516.8 ± 1.1 1509.5 ± 6 1109.7 ± 4.1 0.22369 ± 0.00177 12124.1 ± 103.5 12027.5 ± 105.3 1148.3 ± 4.2 SB43-461mm 1068.5 ± 2.1 1348 ± 6 1043.4 ± 2.9 0.22286 ± 0.00094 12492 ± 58.1 12417.3 ± 58.8 1080.9 ± 3.0 SB43-472mm 518.7 ± 0.9 793.9 ± 5 1287.4 ± 3.3 0.25456 ± 0.00134 12747.2 ± 73.0 12671.1 ± 73.6 1334.6 ± 3.4 SB43-485mm 534 ± 2 10803.8 ± 49 1410 ± 5.8 0.2757 ± 0.00294 13116.2 ± 150.8 12820 ± 192.0 1462.2 ± 6.1 SB49-14mm 747.7 ± 1.6 408.1 ± 26 1213 ± 3.3 0.20121 ± 0.00174 10323.4 ± 94.4 10260.4 ± 94.5 1248.9 ± 3.4 SB49-75mm 830.9 ± 1.5 1436.7 ± 5 1239.8 ± 2.9 0.20902 ± 0.00079 10606.1 ± 44.1 10528 ± 45.5 1277.4 ± 3.0 SB49-128mm 813.7 ± 1.7 2260.2 ± 28 1258.9 ± 3.5 0.2221 ± 0.00147 11198.6 ± 79.7 11107.4 ± 81.6 1299.2 ± 3.7 SB49-170mm 756.5 ± 2.0 7825.6 ± 28 1224.5 ± 3.9 0.22377 ± 0.00169 11469.6 ± 93.0 11280.6 ± 114.1 1264.4 ± 4.1 SB49-178mm 753.2 ± 2.0 7577.4 ± 27 1223.4 ± 4.1 0.22508 ± 0.00182 11546.5 ± 100.3 11361 ± 119.2 1263.5 ± 4.2 SB49-288mm 706.5 1912.4 ± 8 1255.1 ± 3.7 0.25107 ± 0.00161 12754.3 ± 88.6 12664.1 ± 90.2 1301.1 ± 3.8 SB49-300mm 763 ± 2.0 1081 ± 5 1224.4 ± 3.8 0.25223 ± 0.00158 13003.6 ± 88.7 12929 ± 89.0 1270.2 ± 3.9 SB44-10mm 500.8 ± 0.9 653.3 ± 23.2 1144.4 ± 3.4 0.14002 ± 0.00118 7332 ± 65 7258 ± 66.0 1168.3 ± 3.5 SB44-58mm 474 ± 1.0 1062 ± 5 1208 ± 4.8 0.18976 ± 0.00148 9731.8 ± 82.0 9646.7 ± 83.3 1241.6 ± 4.9 SB44-80mm 566 ± 2.0 175 ± 3 1223.4 ± 4.6 0.20323 ± 0.00136 10379.9 ± 75.5 10320 ± 75.5 1259.8 ± 4.9 SB44-125mm 615 ± 2.0 817 ± 4 1220.4 ± 4.5 0.21651 ± 0.00136 11103.2 ± 76.6 11030 ± 77.1 1259.2 ± 4.6 SB44-140mm 563.1 ±1 1988.2 ± 28.3 1276.5 ± 3.2 0.2328 ± 0.00175 11669 ± 93 11569 ± 96 1319.3 ± 3.3 SB44-192mm 555 ± 1.0 1708 ± 7.0 1258.1 ± 4.6 0.25306 ± 0.00175 12842.1 ± 97 12747 ± 99 1304.1 ± 4.9 Analytical errors are 2 sigma of the mean. Corrected 230Th ages are indicated in bold, and presented in years before present (yr BP, referring to AD 1950) 2. Stalagmite sb49 Column 1: sb49 sample Column 2: Depth (mm from top) Column 3: Age (years before AD 1950) Column 4: d18O (VPDB) sb49 Depth Age d18O sb49-2 2 10206 -10.038 sb49-4 4 10215 -10.134 sb49-6 6 10224 -10.148 sb49-8 8 10233 -10.255 sb49-10 10 10242 -10.231 sb49-12 12 10251 -10.242 sb49-14 14 10260 -10.193 sb49-16 16 10269 -10.202 sb49-18 18 10278 -10.242 sb49-20 20 10287 -10.191 sb49-22 22 10296 -10.247 sb49-24 24 10305 -10.193 sb49-26 26 10314 -10.158 sb49-28 28 10323 -10.23 sb49-30 30 10331 -10.1 sb49-32 32 10340 -10.214 sb49-34 34 10349 -10.249 sb49-36 36 10358 -10.074 sb49-38 38 10367 -10.105 sb49-40 40 10376 -10.085 sb49-42 42 10385 -10.103 sb49-44 44 10394 -10.092 sb49-46 46 10403 -10.274 sb49-48 48 10412 -10.158 sb49-50 50 10421 sb49-52 52 10430 -10.273 sb49-54 54 10439 -10.091 sb49-56 56 10448 -10.135 sb49-58 58 10457 -10.04 sb49-60 60 10465 -10.199 sb49-62 62 10474 -9.956 10483 sb49-66 66 10492 -9.997 10501 sb49-70 70 10510 -10.017 10519 sb49-74 74 10528 -10.03 10549 sb49-78 78 10571 -10.054 sb49-80 80 10592 -10.12 sb49-82 82 10614 -10.018 sb49-84 84 10635 -9.906 sb49-86 86 10657 -9.928 10678 sb49-90 90 10700 -9.956 sb49-92 92 10721 -10.013 sb49-94 94 10742 -9.939 sb49-96 96 10764 -9.878 sb49-98 98 10785 -9.894 sb49-100 100 10807 -9.973 sb49-102 102 10828 -9.864 sb49-104 104 10850 -9.964 sb49-106 106 10871 -9.842 sb49-108 108 10893 -9.862 sb49-110 110 10914 -9.732 sb49-112 112 10935 -9.856 sb49-114 114 10957 -9.881 sb49-116 116 10978 -9.886 sb49-118 118 11000 -9.808 sb49-120 120 11021 -9.85 sb49-122 122 11043 -9.688 sb49-124 124 11064 -9.81 sb49-126 126 11086 -9.588 sb49-128 128 11107 -9.724 sb49-130 130 11115 -9.803 sb49-132 132 11123 -9.756 sb49-134 134 11132 -9.376 sb49-136 136 11140 -9.853 sb49-138 138 11148 -9.726 sb49-140 140 11156 -9.623 sb49-142 142 11165 -9.631 sb49-144 144 11173 -9.468 sb49-146 146 11181 -9.613 sb49-148 148 11189 -9.644 sb49-150 150 11198 -9.533 sb49-152 152 11206 -9.626 sb49-154 154 11214 -9.459 sb49-156 156 11222 -9.598 sb49-158 158 11231 -9.532 sb49-160 160 11239 -9.435 11247 sb49-164 164 11255 -9.434 sb49-166 166 11264 -9.32 sb49-168 168 11272 -9.413 sb49-170 170 11280 -9.274 sb49-172 172 11300 -9.446 sb49-174 174 11321 -9.211 sb49-176 176 11341 -9.114 sb49-178 178 11361 -8.954 sb49-180 180 11385 -8.946 sb49-182 182 11408 -8.972 sb49-184 184 11432 -8.861 sb49-186 186 11456 -8.84 sb49-188 188 11479 -8.712 sb49-190 190 11503 -8.766 sb49-192 192 11527 -8.811 sb49-194 194 11551 -8.772 sb49-196 196 11574 -8.664 sb49-198 198 11598 -8.503 sb49-200 200 11622 -8.438 sb49-202 202 11645 -8.26 sb49-204 204 11669 -8.165 sb49-206 206 11693 -8.277 sb49-208 208 11716 -8.246 sb49-210 210 11740 -8.106 sb49-212 212 11764 -7.988 sb49-214 214 11787 -8.121 sb49-216 216 11811 -8.103 sb49-218 218 11835 -8.187 sb49-220 220 11859 -7.938 sb49-222 222 11882 -8.153 sb49-224 224 11906 -8.132 sb49-226 226 11930 -8.255 sb49-228 228 11953 -8.103 sb49-230 230 11977 -8.343 sb49-232 232 12001 -8.27 sb49-234 234 12024 -8.243 sb49-236 236 12048 -8.314 sb49-238 238 12072 -8.218 sb49-240 240 12095 -8.384 sb49-242 242 12119 -8.337 sb49-244 244 12143 -8.235 sb49-246 246 12166 -8.302 sb49-248 248 12190 -8.446 sb49-250 250 12214 -8.305 sb49-252 252 12238 -8.417 sb49-254 254 12261 -8.7 sb49-256 256 12285 -8.507 sb49-258 258 12309 -8.528 sb49-260 260 12332 -8.585 sb49-262 262 12356 -8.757 sb49-264 264 12380 -8.547 sb49-266 266 12403 -8.708 sb49-268 268 12427 -8.725 sb49-270 270 12451 -8.829 sb49-272 272 12474 -8.948 sb49-274 274 12498 -8.934 sb49-276 276 12522 -9.094 sb49-278 278 12546 -8.855 sb49-280 280 12569 -8.96 sb49-282 282 12593 -9.029 sb49-284 284 12617 -9.253 sb49-286 286 12640 -9.225 sb49-288 288 12664 -9.303 sb49-290 290 12708 -9.402 sb49-292 292 12752 -9.306 sb49-294 294 12797 -9.592 sb49-296 296 12841 -9.702 sb49-298 298 12885 -9.555 sb49-300 300 12929 -9.603 sb49-302 302 12946 -9.757 sb49-304 304 12963 -9.686 sb49-306 306 12980 -9.503 sb49-308 308 12997 -9.526 sb49-310 310 13014 -9.555 sb49-312 312 13031 -9.624 sb49-314 314 13048 -9.457 sb49-316 316 13066 -9.578 sb49-318 318 13083 -9.564 sb49-320 320 13100 -9.54 sb49-322 322 13117 -9.401 sb49-324 324 13134 -9.462 sb49-326 326 13151 -9.608 sb49-328 328 13168 -9.577 sb49-330 330 13185 -9.629 3. Stalagmite sb44 Column 1: sb44 sample Column 2: Depth (mm from top) Column 3: Age (years before AD 1950) Column 4: d18O (VPDB) sb44 Depth Age d18O sb44-2 2 6860 -10.452 sb44-4 4 6960 -10.201 sb44-6 6 7059 -10.534 sb44-9 8 7159 -10.278 sb44-10 10 7258 -10.443 sb44-12 12 7358 -10.37 sb44-14 14 7457 -10.297 sb44-16 16 7557 -10.117 sb44-18 18 7656 -10.261 sb44-20 20 7756 -10.108 sb44-23 22 7855 -10.368 sb44-24 24 7955 -9.964 8054 sb44-28 28 8154 -10.305 sb44-30 30 8253 -10.587 sb44-32 32 8353 -10.195 sb44-34 34 8452 -10.361 sb44-36 36 8552 -10.315 sb44-38 38 8651 -10.343 sb44-41 40 8751 -10.279 sb44-42 42 8850 -10.472 sb44-45 44 8950 -10.421 sb44-46 46 9049 -10.524 sb44-48 48 9149 -10.391 sb44-50 50 9248 -10.495 sb44-52 52 9348 -10.291 sb44-54 54 9447 -10.422 sb44-56 56 9547 -10.434 sb44-58 58 9646 -10.162 sb44-60 60 9707 -10.182 sb44-62 62 9769 -10.323 sb44-64 64 9830 -10.274 sb44-66 66 9891 -10.161 sb44-68 68 9952 -10.193 SB44-70 70 10014 -10.31 sb44-72 72 10075 -10.167 SB44-74 74 10136 -9.988 sb44-76 76 10197 -10.086 sb44-78 78 10259 -9.876 sb44-80 80 10320 -9.913 sb44-82 82 10352 -9.952 sb44-83 84 10385 -9.567 sb44-86 86 10417 -9.814 sb44-88 88 10449 -9.817 sb44-90 90 10481 -9.861 sb44-92 92 10514 -10.002 sb44-94 94 10546 -10.058 sb44-96 96 10578 -9.715 sb44-98 98 10610 -9.762 10643 SB44-102 102 10675 -9.844 sb44-104 104 10707 -9.879 SB44-106 106 10740 -9.934 sb44-108 108 10772 -9.685 sb44-110 110 10804 -9.703 sb44-112 112 10836 -9.415 sb44-114 114 10869 -9.557 sb44-116 116 10901 -9.485 SB44-118 118 10933 -9.401 sb44-120 120 10965 -9.434 SB44-122 122 10998 -9.305 sb44-125 124 11030 -9.132 sb44-126 126 11097 -9.062 sb44-127 128 11165 -8.793 sb44-130 130 11232 -8.846 sb44-133 132 11300 -8.803 SB44-134 134 11367 -8.979 sb44-136 136 11434 -8.879 sb44-138 138 11502 -8.646 sb44-140 140 11569 -8.427 sb44-142 142 11668 -8.334 sb44-144 144 11711 -8.182 SB44-146 146 11754 -8.036 sb44-147 148 11798 -8.001 SB44-150 150 11841 -8.124 sb44-152 152 11884 -8.208 sb44-154 154 11927 -8.068 sb44-156 156 11970 -8.16 12013 sb44-158 160 12056 -8.024 sb44-162 162 12100 -8.012 sb44-164 164 12143 -8.125 12186 sb44-167 168 12229 -8.119 SB44-170 170 12272 -8.011 sb44-172 172 12315 -8.237 SB44-174 174 12359 -8.351 sb44-176 176 12402 -8.626 SB44-178 178 12445 -8.732 sb44-180 180 12488 -8.632 SB44-182 182 12531 -8.956 12574 sb44-186 186 12618 -8.936 sb44-187 188 12661 -8.414 sb44-190 190 12704 -9.234 sb44-192 192 12747 -9.179 sb44-194 194 12778 -9.517 sb44-197 196 12809 -9.6 SB44-198 198 12839 -9.781 sb44-200 200 12870 -9.614 SB44-202 202 12901 -9.444 sb44-204 204 12932 -9.406 SB44-206 206 12963 -9.575 sb44-208 208 12994 -9.521 SB44-210 210 13024 -9.312 sb44-212 212 13055 -9.464 SB44-214 214 13086 -9.321 sb44-216 216 13117 -9.386 SB44-218 218 13148 -9.462 sb44-220 220 13179 -9.47 4. Stalagmite sb43 Column 1: Depth (mm from top) Column 2: Age (years before AD 1950) Column 3: d18O (VPDB) Depth Age d18O 1 70 -8.72 2 124 -8.87 3 178 -8.786 4 232 -8.51 5 286 -8.401 6 340 -8.73 7 394 -8.441 8 448 -8.025 9 502 -8.571 10 555 -8.597 11 609 -8.64 12 663 -8.585 13 717 -8.652 14 771 -8.615 15 825 -8.383 16 842 -8.301 17 859 -8.714 18 876 -8.646 19 893 -8.147 20 910 -8.672 21 927 -8.614 22 945 -8.879 23 962 -8.646 24 979 -8.583 25 996 -8.821 26 1013 -8.663 27 1030 -8.661 28 1047 -8.762 29 1089 -8.198 30 1131 -8.888 31 1173 -8.684 32 1215 -8.556 33 1257 -8.35 34 1299 -8.929 35 1341 -8.608 36 1383 -8.783 37 1425 -8.803 38 1467 -8.986 39 1509 -8.697 40 1551 -8.516 41 1593 -8.752 42 1635 -8.986 43 1677 -8.625 44 1719 -8.92 45 1761 -8.842 46 1802 -8.91 47 1844 -9.057 48 1886 -8.938 49 1928 -8.829 50 1970 -8.916 51 2012 -8.436 52 2054 -8.714 53 2096 -8.73 54 2138 -9.284 55 2180 -8.97 56 2222 -9.169 57 2264 -9.061 58 2306 -9.13 59 2348 -8.804 60 2390 -8.996 61 2432 -8.523 62 2474 -9.056 63 2516 -8.946 64 2542 -8.959 65 2567 -8.558 66 2593 -9.143 67 2618 -8.887 68 2644 -8.932 69 2669 -8.888 70 2695 -8.968 71 2720 -9.131 72 2746 -9.198 73 2771 -9.025 74 2797 -9.2 75 2822 -9.04 76 2848 -8.817 77 2873 -9.31 78 2899 -9.492 79 2924 -9.17 80 2950 -9.318 81 2975 -9.24 82 3001 -9.212 83 3026 -9.264 84 3052 -9.46 85 3074 -9.389 86 3097 -9.33 87 3119 -9.229 88 3142 -8.813 89 3164 -9.281 90 3187 -9.295 91 3209 -9.226 92 3232 -8.848 93 3254 -9.139 94 3276 -9.293 95 3299 -9.116 96 3321 -9.1 97 3344 -9.364 98 3366 -9.114 99 3389 -9.269 100 3411 -9.415 101 3423 -9.254 102 3435 -9.306 103 3446 -9.247 104 3458 -9.28 105 3470 -9.373 106 3482 -9.276 107 3493 -9.218 108 3505 -9.486 109 3517 -9.347 110 3529 -9.287 111 3540 -9.248 112 3552 -9.106 113 3564 -9.256 114 3576 -9.359 115 3587 -9.437 116 3599 -9.493 117 3611 -9.403 118 3623 -9.485 119 3634 -9.408 120 3646 -9.498 121 3662 -9.445 122 3677 -9.674 123 3693 -9.372 124 3708 -9.617 125 3724 -9.44 126 3739 -9.543 127 3755 -9.575 128 3770 -9.579 129 3786 -9.634 130 3801 -9.555 131 3817 -9.559 132 3833 -9.625 133 3848 -9.549 134 3864 -9.861 135 3879 -9.62 136 3895 -9.489 137 3910 -9.704 138 3926 -9.85 139 3941 -9.643 140 3957 -9.762 141 3972 -9.694 142 3988 -9.88 143 4003 -9.643 144 4019 -9.561 145 4047 -9.743 146 4075 -9.953 147 4104 -9.724 148 4132 -9.785 149 4160 -9.7 150 4188 -9.734 151 4217 -9.589 152 4245 -9.67 153 4273 -9.724 154 4301 -9.698 155 4330 -9.777 156 4358 -9.626 157 4386 -9.511 158 4414 -9.48 159 4442 -9.614 160 4471 -9.765 161 4499 -9.819 162 4527 -10.019 163 4555 -9.821 164 4584 -9.718 165 4612 -9.751 166 4640 -9.892 167 4668 -9.737 168 4697 -9.73 169 4725 -9.871 170 4753 -10.077 171 4794 -9.37 172 4835 -9.939 173 4875 -10.033 174 4916 -10.059 175 4957 -9.709 176 4998 -10.002 177 5039 -9.515 178 5080 -10.066 179 5120 -9.844 180 5161 -9.795 181 5202 -9.976 182 5243 -9.977 183 5284 -9.403 184 5325 -10.125 185 5365 -9.619 186 5406 -9.918 187 5447 -9.469 188 5488 -9.85 189 5529 -9.999 190 5570 -10.175 191 5610 -10.135 192 5651 -10.228 193 5692 -10.388 194 5730 -10.234 195 5768 -9.887 196 5806 -10.097 197 5843 -9.63 198 5881 -10.358 199 5919 -9.938 200 5957 -10.338 201 5995 -10.445 202 6033 -9.857 203 6071 -10.28 204 6108 -10.313 205 6146 -10.178 206 6184 -10.343 207 6222 -10.29 208 6260 -9.776 209 6298 -10.338 210 6336 -10.259 211 6373 -10.392 212 6411 -10.143 213 6449 -10.326 214 6487 -10.446 215 6525 -10.334 216 6563 -10.45 217 6601 -10.262 218 6638 -10.23 219 6676 -10.422 hiatus 220 7654 -10.439 221 7672 -10.383 222 7690 -10.483 223 7708 -10.383 224 7726 -10.366 225 7744 -10.317 226 7761 -10.382 227 7779 -10.338 228 7797 -10.419 229 7815 -10.362 230 7833 -10.444 231 7851 -10.332 232 7869 -10.387 233 7887 -10.468 234 7905 -10.261 235 7923 -10.358 236 7940 -10.408 237 7958 -10.406 238 7976 -10.44 239 7994 -10.32 240 8012 -10.25 241 8030 -10.256 242 8048 -10.361 243 8066 -10.259 244 8084 -10.262 245 8102 -10.268 246 8119 -10.342 247 8137 -10.255 248 8155 -10.42 249 8173 -10.373 250 8191 -10.346 251 8202 -10.155 252 8212 -10.377 253 8223 -10.219 254 8234 -10.617 255 8244 -10.409 256 8255 -10.444 257 8266 -10.268 258 8276 -10.322 259 8287 -10.215 260 8298 -10.313 261 8308 -10.136 262 8319 -10.342 263 8330 -10.35 264 8340 -10.51 265 8351 -10.364 266 8362 -10.35 267 8372 -10.451 268 8383 -10.454 269 8394 -10.432 270 8404 -10.505 271 8415 -10.441 272 8426 -10.396 273 8436 -10.428 274 8447 -10.517 275 8458 -10.327 276 8468 -10.508 277 8479 -10.342 278 8490 -10.345 279 8500 -10.401 280 8511 -10.553 281 8520 -10.332 282 8530 -10.39 283 8539 -10.328 284 8548 -10.248 285 8557 -10.352 286 8567 -10.426 287 8576 -10.198 288 8585 -10.37 289 8594 -10.238 290 8604 -10.24 291 8613 -10.321 292 8622 293 8631 -10.384 294 8641 -10.514 295 8650 -10.301 296 8659 -10.358 297 8668 -10.277 298 8678 -10.381 299 8687 -10.233 300 8696 -10.41 301 8725 -10.333 302 8753 -10.376 303 8782 -10.334 304 8810 -10.483 305 8839 -10.4 306 8867 -10.373 307 8896 -10.129 308 8924 -10.424 309 8953 -10.242 310 8981 -10.246 311 9010 -10.388 312 9038 -10.372 313 9067 -10.43 314 9095 -10.715 315 9124 -10.435 316 9152 -10.406 317 9181 -10.209 318 9209 -10.386 319 9238 -10.403 320 9266 -10.648 321 9295 -10.332 322 9323 -10.459 323 9352 -10.455 324 9380 -10.529 325 9409 -10.362 326 9415 -10.539 327 9422 -10.402 328 9428 -10.541 329 9435 -10.316 330 9441 -9.963 331 9447 -10.484 332 9454 -10.508 333 9460 -10.313 334 9467 -10.468 335 9473 -10.377 336 9479 -10.499 337 9486 -10.426 338 9492 -10.502 339 9499 -10.35 340 9505 -10.414 341 9511 -10.506 342 9518 -10.433 343 9524 -10.295 344 9531 -10.509 345 9537 -10.351 346 9543 -10.568 347 9550 -10.275 348 9556 -10.368 349 9563 -10.322 350 9569 -10.314 351 9602 -10.278 352 9635 -10.389 353 9669 -10.272 354 9702 -10.456 355 9735 -10.265 356 9768 -10.348 357 9801 -10.358 358 9835 -10.249 359 9868 -10.315 360 9901 -10.369 361 9934 -10.391 362 9967 -10.366 363 10001 -10.289 364 10034 -10.323 365 10067 -10.159 366 10100 -10.373 367 10133 -10.359 368 10167 -10.375 369 10200 -10.115 370 10233 -10.068 371 10266 -10.13 372 10299 -10.22 373 10333 -10.197 374 10366 -10.053 375 10399 -10.095 376 10431 -10.068 377 10463 -10.134 378 10495 -10.362 379 10527 -9.938 380 10559 -9.92 381 10591 -9.874 382 10623 -9.993 383 10655 -9.762 384 10687 -9.943 385 10719 -9.799 386 10751 -9.773 387 10783 -9.71 388 10815 -9.588 389 10847 -9.593 390 10879 -9.885 391 10910 -9.853 392 10942 -9.984 393 10974 -9.871 394 11006 -9.966 395 11038 -9.732 396 11070 -9.836 397 11102 -9.699 398 11134 -9.816 399 11166 -9.615 400 11198 -9.67 401 11230 -9.656 402 11262 -9.827 403 11294 -9.605 404 11326 -9.564 405 11358 -9.571 406 11364 -9.575 407 11371 -9.441 408 11377 -9.677 409 11384 -9.477 410 11390 -9.773 411 11397 -9.437 412 11403 -9.373 413 11410 -9.378 414 11416 -9.426 415 11422 -9.352 416 11429 -9.488 417 11435 -9.307 418 11442 -9.503 419 11448 -9.266 420 11455 -9.165 421 11461 -8.895 422 11468 -9.128 423 11474 -8.595 424 11495 -8.498 425 11517 -8.391 426 11538 -8.595 427 11559 -8.332 428 11580 -8.293 429 11602 -8.121 430 11623 -8.252 431 11644 -8.005 432 11665 -8.068 433 11687 -7.974 434 11708 -8.095 435 11729 -7.974 436 11751 -8.037 437 11772 -8 438 11793 -8.271 439 11814 -7.902 440 11836 -8.048 441 11857 -7.901 442 11878 -8.178 443 11899 -8.016 444 11921 -8.315 445 11942 -7.966 446 11963 -8.16 447 11984 -8.056 448 12006 -8.14 449 12027 -8.032 450 12062 -8.155 451 12098 -8.003 452 12133 -7.842 453 12169 -7.787 454 12204 -8.212 455 12240 -8.362 456 12275 -8.5 457 12311 -8.33 458 12346 -8.556 459 12382 -8.328 460 12417 -8.631 461 12440 -8.631 462 12463 -8.746 463 12486 -8.52 464 12509 -8.854 465 12532 -8.699 466 12556 -8.855 467 12579 -8.824 468 12602 -8.86 469 12625 -8.813 470 12648 -9.117 471 12671 -8.948 472 12682 -9.119 473 12692 -8.868 474 12703 -9.106 475 12714 -9.182 476 12724 -9.495 477 12735 -9.268 478 12746 -9.627 479 12756 -9.53 480 12767 -9.697 481 12777 -9.577 482 12788 -9.681 483 12799 -9.42 484 12809 -9.597 485 12820 -9.571 486 12831 -9.55 487 12841 -9.418 488 12852 -9.566 489 12863 -9.171 5. Stalagmite sb26 Column 1: Depth (mm from top) Column 2: Age (years before AD 1950) Column 3: d18O (VPDB) Depth Age d18O 1 403 -8.947 2 421 -8.616 3 439 -8.802 4 457 -8.814 5 475 -8.9 6 493 -9.047 7 511 -8.956 8 529 -8.896 9 548 -8.949 10 566 -9.106 11 584 -8.932 12 602 -9.044 13 620 -8.848 14 638 -8.936 15 656 -8.807 16 674 -8.942 17 692 -8.952 18 710 -8.957 19 728 -8.92 20 746 -9.091 21 764 -9.165 22 782 -9.026 23 800 -9.01 24 818 -8.859 25 837 -8.975 26 855 -9.146 27 873 -9.143 28 891 -9.13 29 909 -8.943 30 927 -9.258 31 945 -9.052 32 963 -9.14 33 981 -9.066 34 999 -9.071 35 1017 -8.917 36 1035 -9.032 37 1053 -8.951 38 1071 -8.955 39 1089 -9.077 40 1107 -9.042 41 1126 -8.988 42 1144 -9.333 43 1162 -9.314 44 1180 -9.069 45 1198 -8.928 46 1216 -8.763 47 1234 -9.117 48 1252 -9.131 49 1270 -9.063 50 1288 -9.065 51 1306 -9.255 52 1324 -9.033 53 1342 -8.997 54 1360 -8.877 55 1378 -9.157 56 1397 -9.122 57 1415 -8.997 58 1433 -8.954 59 1451 -9.179 60 1469 -8.958 61 1487 -9.044 62 1505 -9.044 63 1523 -9.143 64 1541 -9.061 65 1559 -9.138 66 1577 -9.113 67 1595 -9.023 68 1613 -8.81 69 1631 -8.864 70 1649 -8.914 71 1667 -9.023 72 1686 -9.101 73 1704 -8.969 74 1722 -8.968 75 1740 -9.17 76 1758 -9.071 77 1776 -9.209 78 1794 -9.308 79 1812 -9.322 80 1830 -9.362 81 1848 -8.862 82 1866 -9.143 83 1884 -9.153 84 1902 -9.351 85 1920 -9.438 86 1938 -9.185 87 1957 -9.268 88 1975 -9.46 89 1993 -9.055 90 2011 -9.267 91 2029 -8.845 92 2047 -9.054 93 2065 -8.858 94 2083 -8.994 95 2101 -9.017 96 2119 -8.948 97 2137 -8.857 98 2155 -9.129 99 2173 -9.238 100 2191 -9.387 101 2209 -9.078 102 2227 -9.17 103 2246 -9.361 104 2264 -9.037 105 2282 -9.41 106 2300 -9.267 107 2318 -9.264 108 2336 -9.276 109 2354 -9.362 110 2372 -9.323 111 2390 -9.245 112 2408 -9.278 113 2426 -9.497 114 2444 -9.314 115 2462 -9.232 116 2480 -9.838 117 2498 -9.188 118 2516 -9.574 119 2535 -9.517 120 2553 -9.56 121 2571 -9.067 122 2589 -9.253 123 2607 -9.693 124 2625 -9.399 125 2643 -9.72 126 2661 -9.012 127 2682 -9.198 128 2702 -9.283 129 2723 -9.197 130 2744 -8.989 131 2764 -9.227 132 2785 -9.274 133 2806 -9.583 134 2826 -9.786 135 2847 136 2868 -9.483 137 2888 -9.767 138 2909 -9.454 139 2930 -9.83 140 2950 -9.508 141 2971 -9.607 142 2992 143 3012 -9.619 144 3033 -9.45 145 3053 -9.348 146 3073 -9.488 147 3093 -9.498 148 3112 -9.451 149 3132 -9.487 150 3152 -9.331 151 3172 -9.518 152 3192 -9.536 153 3212 -9.333 154 3231 -9.511 155 3251 -9.244 156 3271 -9.509 157 3291 -9.43 158 3311 -9.439 159 3331 -9.266 160 3350 -9.42 161 3370 -9.34 162 3390 -9.688 163 3409 -9.679 164 3427 -9.651 165 3446 -9.655 166 3464 -9.669 167 3483 -9.775 168 3501 -9.732 169 3520 -9.781 170 3539 -9.882 171 3557 -9.8 172 3576 -9.821 173 3594 -9.896 174 3613 -9.853 175 3632 -9.824 176 3650 -9.793 177 3669 -9.892 178 3687 -9.79 179 3706 -9.827 180 3724 -9.739 181 3743 -9.5 182 3762 -9.656 183 3780 -9.83 184 3799 -9.977 185 3817 -9.864 186 3836 -9.802 187 3854 -9.855 188 3873 -9.608 189 3892 -9.758 190 3910 -9.902 191 3929 -9.822 192 3947 -9.708 193 3966 -9.878 194 3984 -9.849 195 4003 -9.746 196 4022 -9.801 197 4040 -9.653 198 4059 -9.912 199 4077 -9.967 200 4096 -9.607 201 4115 -9.711 202 4133 -9.556 203 4152 -9.506 204 4170 -9.59 205 4189 -9.758 206 4207 -9.907 207 4226 -9.939 208 4245 -9.832 209 4263 -9.909 210 4282 -9.674 211 4300 -9.886 212 4319 -9.953 213 4337 -9.959 214 4356 -9.952 215 4375 -9.992 216 4393 -9.986 217 4412 -9.875 218 4430 -10.03 219 4449 -9.949 220 4467 -9.977 221 4486 -10.026 222 4505 -10.071 223 4523 -9.862 224 4542 -9.779 225 4560 -10.083 226 4579 -10.121 227 4598 -9.995 228 4616 -9.897 229 4635 -9.966 230 4653 -9.907 231 4672 -10.031 232 4690 -10.021 233 4709 -10.009 234 4728 -10.029 235 4746 -9.923 236 4765 -10 237 4783 -10.048 238 4802 -10.009 239 4820 -9.972 240 4839 -10.086 241 4858 -10.003 242 4876 -9.924 243 4895 -10.001 244 4913 -9.987 245 4932 -10.011 246 4950 -9.898 247 4969 -10.018 248 4988 -10.053 249 5006 -10.161 250 5025 -9.83 251 5043 -10.077 252 5062 -10.05 253 5081 -10.184 254 5099 -10.304 255 5118 -10.399 256 5136 -10.312 257 5155 -10.159 258 5173 -10.288 259 5192 -10.302 260 5211 -10.167 261 5229 -10.155 6. Stalagmite sb27 Column 1: Depth (mm from top) Column 2: Age (years before AD 1950) Column 3: d18O (VPDB) Depth Age d18O 1 2351 -8.696 2 2369 -8.94 3 2386 -9.196 4 2404 -9.078 5 2422 -9.105 6 2439 -9.106 7 2457 -9.012 8 2474 -9.109 9 2492 -9.127 10 2510 -9.011 11 2527 -9.134 12 2545 -9.066 13 2563 -9.069 14 2580 -9.243 15 2598 -9.139 16 2615 -9.221 17 2633 -8.971 18 2683 -9.12 19 2732 -8.913 20 2782 -9.118 21 2832 -8.994 22 2881 -9.098 23 2931 -9.155 24 2980 -9.218 25 3030 -9.372 26 3080 -9.325 27 3129 -9.229 28 3179 -9.248 29 3204 -9.375 30 3228 -9.359 31 3253 -9.313 32 3277 -9.338 33 3302 -9.309 34 3326 -9.3 35 3351 -9.195 36 3375 -9.295 37 3400 -9.255 38 3424 -9.31 39 3449 -9.246 40 3473 -9.293 41 3498 -9.287 42 3522 -9.42 43 3547 -9.42 44 3571 -9.352 45 3596 -9.371 46 3620 -9.35 47 3645 -9.472 48 3669 -9.553 49 3694 -9.462 50 3718 -9.547 51 3743 -9.607 52 3767 -9.592 53 3792 -9.665 54 3816 -9.74 55 3841 -9.703 56 3865 -9.637 57 3890 -9.582 58 3914 -9.631 59 3939 -9.631 60 3963 -9.563 61 4075 -9.683 62 4187 -9.658 63 4300 -9.893 64 4412 65 4524 -9.709 66 4636 -9.912 67 4683 -9.887 68 4730 -9.83 69 4778 -10.106 70 4825 -10.037 71 4872 -9.996 72 4919 -10.012 73 4967 -9.599 74 5014 -10.094 75 5061 -10.121 76 5108 -10.107 77 5156 -9.962 78 5203 -9.897 79 5250 -10.161 80 5297 -10.232 81 5345 -10.303 82 5392 -10.286 83 5439 -10.141 84 5486 -10.301 85 5534 -10.454 86 5581 -10.317 87 5628 -10.393 88 5675 -10.164 89 5723 -10.245 90 5770 -10.254 91 5817 -10.288 92 5864 -10.234 93 5912 -10.271 94 5959 95 6006 -10.274 96 6053 -10.176 97 6101 -10.431 98 6148 -10.288 99 6195 -10.332 100 6242 -10.384 101 6290 -10.293 102 6337 -10.232 103 6384 -10.42 104 6431 -10.362 105 6479 -10.503 106 6526 -10.475 107 6573 -10.539 108 6613 -10.499 109 6654 -10.313 110 6694 -10.51 111 6735 -10.5 112 6775 -10.647 113 6816 -10.7 114 6856 -10.583 115 6897 -10.623 116 6937 -10.587 117 6978 -10.496 118 7018 -10.296 119 7059 -10.307 120 7099 -10.477 121 7140 -10.591 122 7180 -10.472 123 7221 -10.62 124 7261 -10.696 125 7302 -10.589 126 7342 -10.683 127 7383 -10.619 128 7423 -10.745 129 7464 -10.604 130 7504 131 7545 132 7585 -10.707 133 7626 -10.501 134 7666 -10.393 135 7707 -10.411 136 7747 -10.492 137 7788 -10.641 138 7828 -10.585 139 7869 -10.489 140 7909 -10.358 141 7950 -10.417 142 7990 -10.35 143 8031 -10.302 144 8071 -10.11 145 8112 -10.369 146 8152 -10.343 147 8193 -10.382 148 8233 -10.45 149 8274 -10.484 150 8314 -10.495 151 8355 -10.371 152 8395 -10.427 153 8435 -10.448 154 8476 -10.518 7. Stalagmite sb10 Column 1: Depth (mm from top) Column 2: Age (years before AD 1950) Column 3: d18O (VPDB) Depth Age d18O 1 2089 -9.167 2 2134 -9.313 3 2180 -9.346 4 2225 -9.129 5 2270 -9.174 6 2316 -9.071 7 2361 -9.266 8 2406 -9.203 9 2452 -9.219 10 2497 -9.184 11 2542 -9.186 12 2587 -9.108 13 2633 -9.183 14 2678 -9.259 15 2723 -9.224 16 2769 -9.128 17 2814 -9.153 18 -9.142 19 -9.481 20 -9.533 21 -9.385 22 -9.896 23 -9.16 24 -10.175 25 -10.378 26 -10.48 27 5687 -10.216 28 5700 -10.475 29 5712 -10.519 30 5724 -10.346 31 5736 -10.381 32 5749 -10.471 33 5761 -10.389 34 5773 -10.423 35 5785 -10.504 36 5798 -10.367 37 5810 -10.354 38 5822 -10.41 39 5905 -10.346 40 5988 -10.552 41 6071 -10.196 42 6154 -10.389 43 6237 -10.233 44 6320 -10.34 45 6403 -10.337 46 6486 -10.485 47 6569 -10.572 48 6612 -10.322 49 6654 -10.381 50 6697 -10.319 51 6740 -10.454 52 6782 -10.419 53 6825 -10.468 54 6868 -10.785 55 6910 -10.718 56 6953 -10.614 57 6995 -10.669 58 7038 -10.384 59 7081 -10.62 60 7123 -10.595 61 7166 -10.599 62 7191 -10.513 63 7216 -10.407 64 7241 -10.595 65 7266 -10.659 66 7292 -10.627 67 7317 -10.562 68 7342 -10.589 69 7367 -10.752 70 7392 -10.674 71 7417 -10.549 72 7458 -10.436 73 7500 -10.401 74 7541 -10.444 75 7582 -10.513 76 7624 -10.529 77 7665 -10.462 78 7706 -10.464 79 7747 -10.122 80 7789 -10.21 81 7830 -10.353 82 7851 -10.699 83 7871 -10.436 84 7892 -10.251 85 7912 -10.37 86 7933 -10.29 87 7953 -10.163 88 7974 -10.217 89 7995 -10.269 90 8017 -10.456 91 8038 -10.474 92 8059 -10.651 93 8080 -10.512 94 8102 -10.348 95 8123 -10.547 96 8144 -10.335 97 8166 -10.495 98 8187 -10.58 99 8208 -10.518 100 8230 -10.472 101 8251 -10.502 102 8272 -10.408 103 8293 -10.51 104 8315 -10.218 105 8336 -10.419 106 8357 -10.579 107 8379 -10.413 108 8400 -10.585 109 8421 -10.414 110 8442 -10.301 111 8464 -10.544 112 8485 -10.494 113 8498 -10.211 114 8511 -10.297 115 8523 -10.3 116 8536 -10.223 117 8549 -10.355 118 8562 -10.38 119 8575 -10.222 120 8587 -10.625 121 8600 -10.583 122 8613 -10.37 123 8626 -10.214 124 8639 -10.498 125 8651 -10.452 126 8664 -10.656 127 8677 -10.558 128 8690 -10.636 129 8702 -10.571 130 8715 -10.544 131 8728 -10.619 132 8741 -10.638 133 8754 -10.555 134 8766 -10.493 135 8779 -10.748 136 8792 -10.826 137 8816 -10.687 138 8840 -10.459 139 8864 -10.55 140 8887 -10.454 141 8911 -10.587 142 8935 -10.593 143 8959 -10.536 144 8983 -10.449 145 9007 -10.343 146 9030 -10.661 147 9054 -10.558 148 9078 -10.606 149 9102 -10.544 150 9126 -10.529 151 9150 -10.546 152 9173 -10.668 153 9197 -10.408 154 9221 -10.445 155 9245 -10.108 156 9263 -10.443 157 9280 -10.466 158 9298 -10.325 159 9316 -10.487 160 9333 -10.422 161 9351 -10.476 162 9368 -10.402 163 9386 -10.424 164 9404 -10.542 165 9421 -10.478 166 9439 -10.452 167 9457 -10.68 168 9474 -10.307 169 9492 -10.268 170 9510 -10.471 171 9527 -10.38 172 9545 -10.296 173 9562 -10.311 174 9580 -10.346 175 9598 -10.226 176 9615 -10.378 177 9633 -10.108 178 9647 -10.229 179 9661 -10.307 180 9675 -10.423 181 9689 -10.158 182 9703 -10.478 183 9717 -10.329 184 9732 -10.482 185 9746 -10.543 186 9760 -10.493 187 9774 -10.542 188 9788 -10.406 189 9802 -10.142 190 9816 -10.189 191 9838 -10.147 192 9859 -10.37 193 9881 -10.489 194 9902 -10.477 195 9924 -10.269 196 9946 -10.473 197 9967 -10.538 198 9989 -10.536 199 10010 -10.025 200 10032 -10.143 201 10054 -10.095 202 10075 -9.951 203 10097 -9.953 204 10118 -10.143 205 10140 -9.835 206 10163 -10.153 207 10186 -10.375 208 10210 -10.208 209 10233 -9.956 210 10256 -10.231 211 10279 -10.186 212 10302 -10.155 213 10326 -10.259 214 10349 -10.049 215 10372 -10.001 216 10395 -10.01 217 10418 -10.201 218 10442 -10.156 219 10465 -10.408 220 10488 -10.065 221 10511 -9.954 222 10534 -10.064 223 10558 -10.064 224 10581 -9.934 225 10604 -9.647 226 10627 -10.06 227 10650 -9.94 228 10674 -9.907 229 10697 -9.867 230 10720 -9.901 231 10743 -9.898 232 10766 -10.025 233 10790 -9.861 234 10813 -9.832 235 10836 -9.635 236 10859 -9.789 237 10882 -9.753 238 10906 -9.672 239 10929 -9.625 240 10952 -9.987 241 10975 -9.678 242 10998 -9.579 243 11022 -9.815 244 11045 -9.631 245 11068 -9.578 246 11091 -9.532 247 11114 -9.403 248 11138 -9.416 249 11161 -9.279 250 11184 -9.37 251 11207 -9.417 252 11230 -9.382 253 11254 -9.228 254 11277 -9.166 255 11300 -9.287 256 11323 -9.222 257 11346 -9.107 258 11370 -9.254 259 11393 -8.932 260 11416 -9.084 261 11439 -8.63 262 11462 -8.501 263 11486 -8.396 264 11509 -8.33 265 11532 -8.176