# Shenqi Cave, Southeastern Tibetan Plateau 2300 Year Speleothem d18O Data #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 3.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/24710 # Description: NOAA Landing Page # Online_Resource: https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/asia/china/shenqi2018pi.txt # Description: NOAA location of the template # # Original_Source_URL: # Description: # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Archive: Speleothems # # Dataset DOI: # # Parameter_Keywords: oxygen isotopes #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2018-07-24 #-------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2018-07-24 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Shenqi Cave, Southeastern Tibetan Plateau 2300 Year Speleothem d18O Data #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Tan, L.; Cai, Y.; Cheng, H.; Edwards, R.L.; Lan, J.; Zhang, H.; Li, D.; Ma, L.; Zhao, P.; Gao, Y. #-------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: Speleothem oxygen isotope (d18O) records from Shenqi Cave, southeastern Tibetan Plateau over the past 2300 years, plus # reconstructed precipitation index (PI) for southwest China. Data are from stalagmites SQ1 and SQ7, and a combined SQ1-SQ7 record is also provided. # Provided Keywords: Speleothem, oxygen isotope, precipitation index, Shenqi cave, paleoclimate #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Liangcheng Tan, Yanjun Cai, Hai Cheng, R. Lawrence Edwards, Jianghu Lan, Haiwei Zhang, Dong Li, Le Ma, Peipei Zhao, Yongli Gao # Published_Date_or_Year: 2018-09-01 # Published_Title: High resolution monsoon precipitation changes on southeastern Tibetan Plateau over the past 2300 years. # Journal_Name: Quaternary Science Reviews # Volume: 195 # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: 122-132 # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2018.07.021 # Online_Resource: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0277379118302920 # Full_Citation: # Abstract: Climate changes on Southeastern Tibetan Plateau have important impacts on social and economic development, as well as the ecosystem of southwestern China and Indo-China Peninsula. Here, we collected two stalagmites from Shenqi (Miraculous) cave in southern Sichuan, China. The stalagmite d18O record shows good coherence with local instrumental rainfall record, as well as tree ring- and pollen-based moisture reconstructions from southeastern Tibetan Plateau during overlapped time periods. As a result, we reconstructed high-resolution (~4.9 yrs) monsoon precipitation variations on southeastern Tibetan Plateau over the past 2300 years by using the combined stalagmite d18O record. The result reveals an overall decreasing precipitation trend, with two most notable wet periods occurred in 60-280 AD and 370-510 AD. The most remarkably dry period is the recent 200 years. Some decadal scale wet and dry intervals were also identified. The abnormal drought during 1160-1245 AD might have accelerated Dali kingdom's demise at 1253 AD. Power spectrum analysis indicated significant 373-, 187-, 22-, 12- and 11- yr cycles in our stalagmite record, suggesting the impact of solar activity. Increased monsoon precipitation on southeastern TP was observed in solar activity minima during the last millennium. We further synthesized an integrated precipitation record for southwestern China and discussed spatial patterns of precipitation over China during the last two millennia. The comparisons confirm a "dry southern and wet northern" pattern in monsoonal China during the Medieval Warm Period and a "wet southern and dry northern" pattern during the Little Ice Age and Dark Age Cold Period. Solar activity, the strength of westerly jet and summer monsoon, as well as the SST of tropical Indo-Pacific might play important roles on the rainfall spatial patterns over monsoonal China during the last 2000 years. #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Shaanxi Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars # Grant: 2018JC-023 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: National Key Research and Development Program of China # Grant: 2017YFA0603401 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Youth Innovation Promotion Association of Chinese Academy of Sciences # Grant: 2012295 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Belt & Road project of IEECAS # Grant: #------------------ # Site_Information # Site_Name: Shenqi Cave # Location: Asia>Eastern Asia>China # Country: China # Northernmost_Latitude: 28.93 # Southernmost_Latitude: 28.93 # Easternmost_Longitude: 103.1 # Westernmost_Longitude: 103.1 # Elevation: 1407 m #------------------ # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: Shenqi2018PI # Earliest_Year: -315 # Most_Recent_Year: 2000 # Time_Unit: CE # Core_Length: # Notes: #------------------ # Chronology_Information # Chronology: # # Depth Sample 238U 232Th 230Th / 232Th d234U* 230Th / 238U 230Th Age (yr) 230Th Age (yr) d234UInitial** 230Th Age (yr BP)*** # mm Number (ppb) (ppt) (atomic x10-6) (measured) (activity) (uncorrected) (corrected) (corrected) (corrected ) # 0.6 SQ1-1 3185.2 +/- 13.5 421 +/- 9 88 +/- 3 -178.6 +/- 3.3 0.0007 +/- 0.0000 94 +/- 3 89 +/- 4 -179 +/- 3 29 +/- 4 # 0.9 SQ1-1B 4400.5 +/- 25.7 541 +/- 12 118 +/- 6 -180.3 +/- 4.0 0.0009 +/- 0.0000 117 +/- 5 112 +/- 6 -180 +/- 4 51 +/- 6 # 2.9 SQ1-2A 4370.6 +/- 15.1 274 +/- 8 452 +/- 24 -183.6 +/- 2.4 0.0017 +/- 0.0001 230 +/- 10 227 +/- 10 -184 +/- 2 166 +/- 10 # 4.8 SQ1-2 3318.8 +/- 8.7 140 +/- 3 1051 +/- 29 -183.7 +/- 1.8 0.0027 +/- 0.0000 360 +/- 5 358 +/- 5 -184 +/- 2 298 +/- 5 # 6.5 SQ1-3A 5084.3 +/- 21.6 89 +/- 8 3282 +/- 310 -188.7 +/- 2.6 0.0035 +/- 0.0001 468 +/- 14 467 +/- 14 -189 +/- 3 406 +/- 14 # 8 SQ1-3 3744.8 +/- 10.1 53 +/- 2 4815 +/- 202 -191.1 +/- 1.8 0.0041 +/- 0.0000 557 +/- 5 556 +/- 5 -191 +/- 2 496 +/- 5 # 11.3 SQ1-1b 4685.9 +/- 12.9 213 +/- 5 2501 +/- 54 -194.1 +/- 2.2 0.0069 +/- 0.0000 938 +/- 5 936 +/- 5 -195 +/- 2 875 +/- 5 # 17.1 SQ1-5A 4731.0 +/- 16.5 140 +/- 6 4489 +/- 206 -202.4 +/- 2.3 0.0081 +/- 0.0001 1111 +/- 13 1110 +/- 13 -203 +/- 2 1049 +/- 13 # 19.3 SQ1-6A 5155.2 +/- 19.4 878 +/- 18 884 +/- 19 -206.2 +/- 2.3 0.0091 +/- 0.0001 1262 +/- 9 1256 +/- 10 -207 +/- 2 1195 +/- 10 # 22.1 SQ1-7A 5272.8 +/- 17.4 919 +/- 19 986 +/- 21 -203.2 +/- 2.1 0.0104 +/- 0.0001 1436 +/- 11 1430 +/- 12 -204 +/- 2 1369 +/- 12 # 24.7 SQ1-6 4622.9 +/- 75.9 1872 +/- 38 474 +/- 10 -206.7 +/- 10.6 0.0116 +/- 0.0002 1614 +/- 35 1599 +/- 36 -208 +/- 11 1539 +/- 36 # 27.9 SQ1-8A 5761.7 +/- 20.0 115 +/- 4 10369 +/- 381 -210.9 +/- 2.1 0.0125 +/- 0.0001 1742 +/- 12 1741 +/- 12 -212 +/- 2 1680 +/- 12 # 30.1 SQ1-9A 5777.2 +/- 14.5 395 +/- 9 3251 +/- 72 -212.1 +/- 1.8 0.0135 +/- 0.0001 1883 +/- 11 1881 +/- 11 -213 +/- 2 1820 +/- 11 # 32.8 SQ1-10A 6120.5 +/- 17.3 864 +/- 18 1696 +/- 36 -212.2 +/- 2.1 0.0145 +/- 0.0001 2031 +/- 13 2026 +/- 13 -213 +/- 2 1965 +/- 13 # 35.5 SQ1-11A 5938.6 +/- 17.8 215 +/- 6 6973 +/- 183 -216.4 +/- 2.3 0.0153 +/- 0.0001 2158 +/- 13 2157 +/- 13 -218 +/- 2 2096 +/- 13 # 39.5 SQ1-8 5836.7 +/- 22.7 144 +/- 3 11041 +/- 263 -213.8 +/- 2.1 0.0166 +/- 0.0001 2324 +/- 14 2323 +/- 14 -215 +/- 2 2263 +/- 14 # 39.8 SQ1-9 4281.9 +/- 12.6 521 +/- 11 2868 +/- 59 -220.3 +/- 1.6 0.0212 +/- 0.0001 3005 +/- 15 3000 +/- 15 -222 +/- 2 2940 +/- 15 # 40.3 SQ1-10 8188.7 +/- 38.7 910 +/- 19 3690 +/- 78 -209.2 +/- 2.2 0.0249 +/- 0.0002 3488 +/- 26 3484 +/- 26 -211 +/- 2 3424 +/- 26 # 42.7 SQ1-12A 10608.1 +/- 28.9 415 +/- 9 10848 +/- 237 -234.4 +/- 1.6 0.0257 +/- 0.0001 3734 +/- 17 3733 +/- 17 -237 +/- 2 3672 +/- 17 # 44.3 SQ1-11 7520.4 +/- 23.4 141 +/- 4 23247 +/- 603 -237.8 +/- 1.6 0.0264 +/- 0.0001 3852 +/- 19 3851 +/- 19 -240 +/- 2 3791 +/- 19 # 3 SQ7-1a 3716 +/- 10 230 +/- 5 49 +/- 6 -167.8 +/- 1.4 0.0002 +/- 0.0000 24 +/- 3 22 +/- 3 -168 +/- 1 -42 +/- 3 # 5 SQ7-2a 4507 +/- 12 69 +/- 3 255 +/- 33 -168.6 +/- 1.3 0.0002 +/- 0.0000 31 +/- 4 30 +/- 4 -169 +/- 1 -34 +/- 4 # 13 SQ7-3a 2974 +/- 7 117 +/- 3 271 +/- 19 -171.0 +/- 1.2 0.0006 +/- 0.0000 85 +/- 6 84 +/- 6 -171 +/- 1 20 +/- 6 # 21 SQ7-4a 4811 +/- 14 321 +/- 7 263 +/- 9 -169.7 +/- 1.3 0.0011 +/- 0.0000 140 +/- 4 138 +/- 4 -170 +/- 1 74 +/- 4 # 27 SQ7-2 3948 +/- 14 1107 +/- 22 103 +/- 3 -169.0 +/- 1.6 0.0018 +/- 0.0000 231 +/- 5 221 +/- 8 -169 +/- 2 157 +/- 8 # 42 SQ7-5a 3448 +/- 7 203 +/- 5 571 +/- 19 -172.0 +/- 1.1 0.0020 +/- 0.0000 269 +/- 6 267 +/- 6 -172 +/- 1 203 +/- 6 # 60 SQ7-6a 3849 +/- 9 676 +/- 14 246 +/- 7 -172.8 +/- 1.2 0.0026 +/- 0.0000 346 +/- 6 340 +/- 7 -173 +/- 1 276 +/- 7 # 83 SQ7-7a 3577 +/- 9 171 +/- 4 1300 +/- 33 -180.1 +/- 1.2 0.0038 +/- 0.0000 502 +/- 6 500 +/- 6 -180 +/- 1 436 +/- 6 # 91 SQ7-4 4510 +/- 16 589 +/- 12 641 +/- 14 -182.6 +/- 1.5 0.0051 +/- 0.0000 680 +/- 6 676 +/- 7 -183 +/- 2 612 +/- 7 # 121 SQ7-8a 6237 +/- 20 405 +/- 8 1464 +/- 32 -186.1 +/- 1.4 0.0058 +/- 0.0000 775 +/- 5 773 +/- 5 -187 +/- 1 709 +/- 5 # 143 SQ7-5 8678 +/- 41 511 +/- 11 1780 +/- 38 -188.6 +/- 1.7 0.0064 +/- 0.0000 858 +/- 5 856 +/- 5 -189 +/- 2 792 +/- 5 # 161 SQ7-9a 7326 +/- 24 461 +/- 10 1763 +/- 39 -189.1 +/- 1.4 0.0067 +/- 0.0000 909 +/- 7 907 +/- 7 -190 +/- 1 843 +/- 7 # 183 SQ7-6 6422 +/- 28 550 +/- 11 1421 +/- 30 -191.9 +/- 1.7 0.0074 +/- 0.0000 1001 +/- 6 998 +/- 6 -192 +/- 2 934 +/- 6 # 203 SQ7-10a 4367 +/- 12 270 +/- 6 2372 +/- 53 -200.0 +/- 1.3 0.0089 +/- 0.0001 1221 +/- 9 1219 +/- 9 -201 +/- 1 1155 +/- 9 # 210 SQ7-7 3986 +/- 14 212 +/- 5 2957 +/- 69 -202.0 +/- 1.6 0.0096 +/- 0.0001 1313 +/- 9 1312 +/- 9 -203 +/- 2 1248 +/- 9 # # # *d234U + ([234U/238U]activity - 1)x1000. # **d234Uinitial was calculated based on 230Th age (T), i.e., d234Uinitial = d234Umeasured x elambda234xT. # # Corrected 230Th ages assume the initial 230Th/232Th atomic ratio of 4.4 +/-2.2x 10-6. # Those are the values for a material at secular equilibrium, with the bulk earth 232Th/238U value of 3.8. # The errors are arbitrarily assumed to be 50%. # # ***B.P. stands for "Before Present" where the "Present" is defined as the year 1950 A.D. # #---------------- # Variables # # Data variables follow are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Data line variables format: Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-longname-tab-longname components (9 components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, archive, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) # ## age_CE age, , , CE, , , , ,N, ## PI Precipitation Index, , , , ,climate reconstructions, ,,N, Precipitation Index for southwest China # #---------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing Values: # age_CE PI 2000 -2.622 1995 -3.118 1990 -2.225 1985 -2.157 1980 -1.94 1975 -1.423 1970 -1.305 1965 -1.482 1960 -2.045 1955 -1.972 1950 -1.27 1945 -1.814 1940 -1.535 1935 -1.559 1930 -0.343 1925 -0.174 1920 0.168 1915 0.309 1910 -0.219 1905 -1.934 1900 -2.064 1895 -2.001 1890 -1.445 1885 0.005 1880 -0.652 1875 -0.451 1870 -0.408 1865 -0.699 1860 -1.07 1855 -0.92 1850 -0.572 1845 -0.822 1840 -0.646 1835 -0.812 1830 -1.463 1825 -1.799 1820 -1.56 1815 -1.526 1810 -1.484 1805 -1.131 1800 -0.908 1795 -1.185 1790 -0.201 1785 -0.166 1780 -0.499 1775 -0.989 1770 -1.37 1765 -0.966 1760 -1.182 1755 -1.118 1750 -2.02 1745 -1.405 1740 -0.818 1735 -0.343 1730 0.011 1725 -0.064 1720 -0.333 1715 -0.216 1710 0.417 1705 1.156 1700 0.09 1695 -0.154 1690 -0.96 1685 -0.398 1680 0.404 1675 -0.202 1670 -0.558 1665 -0.343 1660 -0.458 1655 0.095 1650 1.277 1645 1.613 1640 0.979 1635 -0.251 1630 -0.702 1625 -0.761 1620 -0.08 1615 0.056 1610 0.621 1605 0.291 1600 0.102 1595 0.358 1590 0.191 1585 0.939 1580 -0.551 1575 0.081 1570 0.361 1565 -0.339 1560 -1.364 1555 -1.375 1550 0.04 1545 0.912 1540 0.352 1535 0.332 1530 0.387 1525 1.233 1520 1.088 1515 -0.956 1510 -0.209 1505 -0.444 1500 0.149 1495 0.053 1490 0.465 1485 -0.107 1480 0.708 1475 1.075 1470 0.84 1465 -0.242 1460 -0.661 1455 0.416 1450 0.565 1445 0.466 1440 0.839 1435 0.415 1430 0.194 1425 0.58 1420 0.57 1415 0.479 1410 -0.02 1405 0.108 1400 0.158 1395 -0.025 1390 -0.149 1385 -0.049 1380 -0.032 1375 0.416 1370 0.135 1365 0.065 1360 -0.469 1355 -0.696 1350 -0.451 1345 -0.07 1340 1.231 1335 1.027 1330 0.733 1325 0.706 1320 0.299 1315 -0.483 1310 -0.631 1305 0.699 1300 0.654 1295 -1.287 1290 0.145 1285 1.123 1280 1.705 1275 0.772 1270 1.716 1265 1.169 1260 0.804 1255 0.969 1250 1.376 1245 -0.29 1240 -0.027 1235 -0.18 1230 0 1225 -0.179 1220 -0.368 1215 -0.289 1210 0.568 1205 -1.759 1200 -2.058 1195 -1.34 1190 -1.817 1185 -0.673 1180 -0.254 1175 -1.485 1170 -1.471 1165 -1.478 1160 -0.345 1155 0.213 1150 0.556 1145 0.746 1140 0.612 1135 0.945 1130 0.189 1125 0.048 1120 -0.457 1115 0.291 1110 0.852 1105 -0.774 1100 -0.897 1095 -1.02 1090 -0.687 1085 0.193 1080 -0.844 1075 -0.137 1070 -1.069 1065 -1.322 1060 -0.075 1055 0.502 1050 -0.314 1045 -0.107 1040 -1.063 1035 -1.584 1030 -1.296 1025 -0.798 1020 0.207 1015 -0.155 1010 0.476 1005 -0.38 1000 -0.306 995 -0.089 990 0.633 985 1.376 980 -0.203 975 -0.099 970 0.286 965 -0.185 960 -0.493 955 0.151 950 0.823 945 0.133 940 -0.036 935 0.863 930 1.034 925 -0.212 920 -0.562 915 -0.582 910 0.172 905 0.772 900 0.182 895 0.18 890 -0.044 885 -0.401 880 0.243 875 0.333 870 0.544 865 0.189 860 1.03 855 0.112 850 0.395 845 -0.153 840 -0.379 835 -0.217 830 -0.366 825 0.321 820 -0.799 815 -1.498 810 -0.747 805 -0.313 800 -2.061 795 -2.126 790 -1.838 785 -1.565 780 -1.281 775 -1.239 770 -0.846 765 -1.565 760 -1.295 755 -0.913 750 0.226 745 -0.505 740 -1.241 735 -1.251 730 -0.858 725 -0.441 720 -0.588 715 -0.194 710 0.093 705 0.385 700 -0.396 695 -0.669 690 -0.937 685 -0.886 680 -0.922 675 -0.891 670 -0.903 665 -1.364 660 -1.094 655 -0.673 650 -0.849 645 -0.431 640 0.211 635 0.355 630 1.157 625 -0.249 620 0.064 615 0.96 610 0.71 605 1.191 600 0.943 595 0.246 590 -0.263 585 -0.134 580 0.021 575 0.37 570 0.837 565 0.584 560 0.944 555 -0.307 550 -0.348 545 0.119 540 0.553 535 0.067 530 0.945 525 0.373 520 0.568 515 0.089 510 -0.115 505 0.55 500 0.889 495 1.28 490 0.387 485 0.315 480 0.589 475 0.464 470 0.772 465 1.761 460 1.007 455 1.37 450 1.47 445 1.946 440 0.756 435 0.503 430 0.588 425 0.756 420 1.2 415 0.902 410 1.081 405 0.911 400 0.959 395 1.288 390 0.934 385 0.789 380 1.681 375 0.718 370 1.299 365 -0.073 360 0.788 355 -0.082 350 0.093 345 0.197 340 -0.544 335 -0.232 330 0.107 325 1.462 320 1.369 315 -0.284 310 1.076 305 -0.641 300 -0.021 295 -0.227 290 0.886 285 0.415 280 0.212 275 0.818 270 1.632 265 0.205 260 1.514 255 0.667 250 0.595 245 1.785 240 1.148 235 1.776 230 0.852 225 1.582 220 2.079 215 1.577 210 1.696 205 1.85 200 2.165 195 1.903 190 1.526 185 1.265 180 1.596 175 1.725 170 1.59 165 1.066 160 1.269 155 1.065 150 1.286 145 1.144 140 0.842 135 0.767 130 0.742 125 0.957 120 1.368 115 1.734 110 1.636 105 0.789 100 1.418 95 2.531 90 1.333 85 1.011 80 1.156 75 0.283 70 -0.27 65 0.554 60 0.602 55 -0.387 50 -1.416 45 -2.793 40 -3.175 35 -2.409 30 -1.887 25 -1.201 20 -0.888 15 -0.751 10 -1.171 5 -2.077 0 -2.625 -5 -2.583 -10 -0.778 -15 -0.542 -20 -0.125 -25 0.317 -30 0.48 -35 0.815 -40 0.925 -45 0.034 -50 -0.584 -55 -0.224 -60 1.053 -65 -0.319 -70 -0.323 -75 -0.703 -80 -0.975 -85 -0.233 -90 0.05 -95 1.072 -100 -0.296 -105 -0.729 -110 0.156 -115 0.004 -120 0.677 -125 1.558 -130 2.179 -135 1.686 -140 2.244 -145 1.957 -150 0.591 -155 0.006 -160 0.718 -165 1.096 -170 1.617 -175 1.009 -180 0.511 -185 0.47 -190 0.68 -195 -0.821 -200 -0.828 -205 -0.778 -210 -0.014 -215 0.278 -220 0.896 -225 0.861 -230 -0.485 -235 -0.599 -240 -0.518 -245 0.183 -250 -0.848 -255 -0.293 -260 -0.027 -265 0.25 -270 1.392 -275 -0.275 -280 -0.076 -285 0.587 -290 0.966 -295 1.214 -300 -0.415 -305 0.252 -310 0.229 -315 -0.369