XiaoBailong Cave, China Stalagmite Oxygen Isotope Data ----------------------------------------------------------------------- World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder and NOAA Paleoclimatology Program ----------------------------------------------------------------------- NOTE: PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL REFERENCE WHEN USING THIS DATA!!!!! NAME OF DATA SET: XiaoBailong Cave, China Stalagmite Oxygen Isotope Data LAST UPDATE: 10/2009 (Original receipt by WDC Paleo) CONTRIBUTOR: Yanjun Cai, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences IGBP PAGES/WDCA CONTRIBUTION SERIES NUMBER: 2009-116 WDC PALEO CONTRIBUTION SERIES CITATION: Cai, Y., et al. 2009. XiaoBailong Cave, China Stalagmite Oxygen Isotope Data. IGBP PAGES/World Data Center for Paleoclimatology Data Contribution Series # 2009-116. NOAA/NCDC Paleoclimatology Program, Boulder CO, USA. ORIGINAL REFERENCE: Cai, Y., Z. An, H. Cheng, R.L. Edwards, M.J. Kelly, W. Liu, X. Wang, and C.-C. Shen. 2006. High-resolution absolute-dated Indian Monsoon record between 53 and 36 ka from Xiaobailong Cave, southwestern China. Geology, Vol. 34, No. 8, pp. 621-624, August 2006. doi: 10.1130/G22567.1. ABSTRACT: The oxygen isotopic record of stalagmite XBL-1 from southwestern China reveals millennial-scale variability of the Indian Monsoon between 53 and 36 ka, synchronous with changes in the East Asian Monsoon recorded at Hulu Cave and similar to Dansgaard-Oeschger cycles recorded in Greenland ice. Our record, in general, confirms the chronology of Hulu Cave. If our correlations between Greenland and the Xiaobailong Cave record are correct, both the Greenland Ice Sheet Project 2 and Greenland Ice Core Project (ss09sea) chronologies are accurate within quoted errors. A dry interval that we correlate with Heinrich Event 5 (H5) and the Greenland stadial preceding Greenland Interstadial 12 (GIS 12) is centered ca. 48.0 ka and a shift to drier conditions, correlated to the end of GIS 12, is ca. 43.5 ka. Overall, the variability of the Indian Monsoon, from XBL-1 data, on millennial scales is similar to and correlated with high-latitude ice core records from the Northern Hemisphere. However, some Indian Monsoon characteristics more closely resemble, but are anticorrelated with, features in the Antarctic record, suggesting some link to climate of the high southern latitudes, in addition to the clear link to the climate of the high northern latitudes. GEOGRAPHIC REGION: Southwestern China PERIOD OF RECORD: 53 - 36 KYrBP FUNDING SOURCES: Chinese Academy of Sciences grants KZCX2-SW-118 and KZCX3-SW-120, National Basic Research Program of China grant 2004CB720206, National Science Foundation of China grants 40403001 and 40328005, U.S. National Science Foundation grants 0116395, 0214041, and 0502535, and Gary Comer Science and Education Foundation grant CC8. DESCRIPTION: Stalagmite oxygen isotope data from XiaoBailong Cave, Mile County, Yunnan, southwestern China. Calcite stalagmite XBL-1 is ~59 cm in height and 15-19 cm in diameter, and was collected near the cave's end. XiaoBailong Cave: 24º12'N, 103º21'E, 1500 m above sea level DATA: 1. Table DR1. 230Th dating results of stalagmite XBL-1 from Xiaobailong Cave. The measurements were performed on a magnetic sector ICP-MS (Shen et al., 2002). Errors are 2 sigma. Decay constant values are: L230 = 9.1577 x 10-6 y-1, L234 = 2.8263 x 10-6 y-1 and L238 = 1.55125 x 10-10 y-1 (Cheng et al., 2000). The 230Th ages were corrected by an initial 230Th/232Th atomic ratio of 4.4 ± 2.2 x10-6. Due to a very small amount of 232Th incorporated in stalagmite XBL-1, the corrections are trivial (<=10 years). Depths along the growth axis are relative to the top (youngest surface) of the stalagmite. BP: year before present (1950 AD). Sample Depth 238U 232Th d234U* 230Th/238U 230Th AgeBP 230Th AgeBP d234U Initial Number (cm) (ppb) (ppt) (measured) (activity) (uncorrected) (corrected) (corrected) MC-49 0.2 149.0±0.4 508.5±4.1 42.0±2.8 0.1720±0.0016 19631±215 19536±219 44.4±3.0 JA-24 1.4 153.7±0.9 9.1±3.4 40.5±4.7 0.2340±0.0020 27719±303 27717±303 43.9±5.0 JA-23 3.8 187.9±0.4 3.0±3.0 44.3±2.2 0.2948±0.0017 36073±259 36073±259 49.1±2.5 JA-22 6 202.2±0.4 1.8±3.4 43.8±1.9 0.2964±0.0012 36342±188 36341±188 48.5±2.1 XBL-1 7.5 197.7±0.3 5.1±5.8 42.3±1.6 0.2956±0.0015 36288±224 36287± 224 46.9±1.8 XBL-9 10.6 159.4±0.3 283.0±12.9 45.3±2.7 0.2981±0.0025 36517±383 36468±384 50.2±3.0 XBL-2 13.3 146.0±0.2 4.8±9.2 44.9±2.5 0.3087±0.0019 38091±306 38090± 306 50.0±2.8 XBL-10 14.5 144.0±0.2 310.8±11.1 43.4±2.2 0.3201±0.0024 39852±383 39792±384 48.6±2.4 XBL-3 17.3 241.6±0.3 109.9±5.6 43.5±1.7 0.3224±0.0014 40195±232 40183± 232 48.7±1.9 XBL-4 27.6 222.9±0.3 664.3±4.2 43.3±1.4 0.3310±0.0013 41501±207 41418± 211 48.7±1.6 XBL-5 38.5 230.9±0.3 43.6±3.6 46.0±1.2 0.3375±0.0013 42366±208 42361± 208 51.8±1.3 XBL-11 44.5 326.3±0.5 287.3±6.4 42.9±1.4 0.3413±0.0015 43113±243 43088±243 48.4±1.6 XBL-6 45.2 353.7±0.4 0.2±4.1 43.1±1.1 0.3404±0.0012 42957±191 42957± 191 48.7±1.2 XBL-14 47 299.9±0.4 77.7±7.5 42.5±1.7 0.3437±0.0018 43495±289 43488±289 48.1±1.9 XBL-7 47.3 696.7±0.9 36.7±6.2 42.4±1.1 0.3454±0.0011 43770±185 43768± 185 48.0±1.2 XBL-12 47.75 378.0±0.5 175.6±3.2 42.3±1.2 0.3492±0.0015 44365±237 44355±237 48.0±1.2 XBL-17 49.1 844.2±1.6 187.6±4.5 42.6±1.8 0.3552±0.0016 45350±268 45344±268 48.4±2.0 XBL-8 50.5 257.6±0.3 26.6±4.8 40.0±1.2 0.3630±0.0014 46686±233 46683± 233 45.7±1.4 XBL-16 52.2 6927.8±24.9 390.4±15.1 32.7±1.6 0.3756±0.0016 49175±290 49173±290 37.6±1.8 XBL-15 53.7 4593.9±15.5 804.2±7.4 30.9±1.6 0.3802±0.0016 50073±286 50068±286 35.6±1.8 JA-19 54.9 7409.5±36.6 892.6±7.5 34.7±2.2 0.3882±0.0022 51141±400 51137±400 40.1±2.5 JA-20 58.75 7268.1±23.6 5750.7±19.7 33.8±1.5 0.3960±0.0018 52527±326 52504±326 39.2±1.8 2. Stalagmite XBL-1 delta 18O data Column 1: Age (Years before 1950 AD) Column 2: delta 18O (per mil VPDB) Age d18O 52594 -11.48 52588 -11.49 52567 -11.46 52546 -11.61 52525 -11.72 52504 -11.73 52494 -11.78 52483 -11.81 52473 -11.75 52462 -11.83 52441 -11.48 52420 -11.27 52398 -11.42 52376 -11.63 52354 -11.87 52332 -11.58 52310 -11.81 52287 -11.82 52265 -11.9 52243 -12.02 52221 -11.99 52203 -11.69 52200 -11.72 52178 -11.61 52156 -11.64 52135 -11.34 52132 -11.37 52113 -11.26 52091 -10.95 52070 -10.76 52061 -11.09 52049 -11.68 52028 -11.59 52008 -11.68 51990 -11.64 51987 -11.48 51967 -11.49 51947 -11.31 51926 -11.45 51919 -11.93 51906 -11.54 51885 -11.56 51866 -11.34 51848 -11.54 51847 -11.33 51827 -10.98 51808 -10.5 51789 -10.86 51777 -11.29 51769 -10.65 51750 -10.15 51731 -10.27 51711 -10.25 51706 -10.37 51691 -10.32 51671 -10.34 51650 -10.7 51634 -9.99 51630 -10.83 51610 -11.05 51599 -10.83 51589 -11.24 51569 -11.31 51563 -11.64 51548 -11.63 51528 -11.6 51506 -11.13 51492 -10.59 51485 -10.38 51463 -10.2 51441 -10.49 51421 -11.08 51420 -10.66 51398 -11.3 51376 -11.4 51355 -11.74 51350 -11.75 51332 -11.72 51310 -11.71 51288 -11.69 51279 -11.8 51266 -11.8 51244 -11.91 51221 -11.84 51208 -11.56 51199 -11.68 51177 -11.62 51155 -11.46 51137 -10.6 51127 -11.3 51072 -11 51017 -11.06 50962 -11.06 50959 -10.81 50907 -10.93 50852 -11.03 50797 -11.07 50781 -11.27 50742 -11.19 50686 -11.29 50630 -11.28 50603 -10.75 50575 -11.37 50519 -10.96 50463 -10.68 50424 -11.55 50408 -10.83 50352 -11.78 50296 -11.57 50246 -11.1 50241 -11.64 50185 -11.25 50129 -10.92 50074 -10.96 50068 -11.19 50034 -11.43 49997 -11.26 49960 -11.3 49949 -10.59 49925 -11.46 49892 -11.74 49858 -11.55 49829 -11.22 49825 -11.56 49791 -11.4 49758 -11.34 49724 -11.19 49710 -11.51 49691 -11.17 49657 -11.11 49622 -11.18 49591 -11.16 49586 -11.38 49550 -11.31 49514 -11.37 49478 -11.19 49471 -11.1 49442 -10.97 49406 -11.09 49370 -11.42 49352 -10.86 49335 -10.83 49302 -10.5 49269 -10.54 49236 -10.32 49233 -10.32 49203 -10.54 49165 -10.35 49083 -10.19 49027 -10.51 49002 -10.62 48921 -10.61 48843 -10.16 48778 -10.06 48763 -9.53 48734 -10.62 48697 -9.52 48624 -8.97 48551 -8.64 48477 -8.68 48441 -9.57 48404 -8.73 48331 -8.67 48258 -8.66 48184 -8.85 48148 -8.91 48110 -9.21 48036 -9.26 47961 -9.46 47886 -9.63 47855 -9.29 47811 -9.58 47737 -9.71 47662 -10.09 47587 -9.91 47562 -10.08 47513 -9.58 47438 -9.96 47415 -9.59 47361 -10.44 47284 -10.37 47269 -10.47 47207 -10.39 47130 -10.31 47122 -10.35 47053 -10.61 46976 -10.44 46899 -10.51 46822 -10.63 46745 -10.71 46683 -10.19 46670 -10.72 46605 -10.7 46541 -10.73 46476 -10.67 46473 -10.98 46411 -10.8 46346 -11.01 46281 -10.69 46263 -10.56 46217 -10.73 46152 -10.5 46086 -10.99 46053 -10.95 46021 -10.93 45955 -10.72 45889 -10.73 45844 -10.45 45824 -10.48 45758 -10.95 45726 -11.01 45693 -10.96 45660 -11 45634 -11.2 45628 -10.97 45601 -11.03 45574 -11.08 45546 -11.04 45519 -10.81 45492 -11.09 45464 -11.01 45437 -11.03 45424 -11.08 45410 -10.97 45382 -10.88 45355 -10.92 45328 -10.88 45300 -10.87 45273 -11 45246 -10.92 45218 -10.92 45214 -10.77 45200 -11.02 45184 -10.93 45167 -10.96 45150 -10.94 45134 -10.79 45118 -10.79 45101 -10.79 45087 -10.41 45085 -10.78 45068 -10.77 45052 -10.98 45036 -10.93 45019 -10.94 45003 -10.86 44986 -11.09 44970 -11.14 44959 -10.79 44954 -11 44937 -11.01 44921 -11.17 44904 -11.11 44888 -11.22 44872 -11.11 44855 -11.17 44839 -11.31 44832 -10.86 44822 -11.21 44806 -11.28 44789 -11.41 44773 -11.28 44756 -11.33 44739 -11.37 44723 -11.28 44706 -11.3 44705 -11.18 44690 -11.24 44673 -11.17 44657 -11.31 44640 -11.44 44623 -11.36 44607 -11.46 44590 -11.37 44578 -11.61 44574 -11.57 44557 -11.54 44541 -11.56 44524 -11.67 44506 -11.7 44487 -11.72 44467 -11.62 44450 -11.58 44447 -11.56 44428 -11.56 44408 -11.61 44388 -11.63 44369 -11.75 44349 -11.84 44303 -11.82 44290 -11.59 44262 -11.78 44222 -11.57 44182 -11.56 44142 -11.37 44101 -11.6 44061 -11.68 44029 -11.87 44021 -11.72 43980 -11.46 43939 -11.36 43898 -11.64 43858 -11.24 43817 -11.15 43776 -10.99 43768 -11.93 43745 -10.76 43716 -10.79 43686 -10.66 43657 -10.62 43628 -10.61 43599 -10.9 43581 -10.68 43570 -10.57 43541 -10.43 43511 -10.54 43487 -10.42 43482 -10.13 43477 -10.36 43472 -10.26 43467 -10.4 43462 -10.18 43457 -10.25 43452 -10.18 43447 -10.07 43442 -10.09 43440 -10.25 43437 -10.49 43432 -10.37 43427 -10.57 43422 -10.52 43417 -10.48 43412 -10.59 43408 -10.05 43407 -10.59 43403 -10.61 43400 -10.79 43396 -10.69 43392 -10.76 43388 -10.74 43384 -10.81 43381 -10.81 43377 -10.89 43376 -10.81 43373 -10.88 43369 -10.77 43365 -10.88 43362 -10.96 43358 -10.92 43354 -10.75 43350 -10.77 43346 -11.03 43344 -10.91 43342 -10.88 43339 -11.01 43335 -10.99 43331 -11.05 43327 -11.1 43322 -11.21 43317 -11.17 43312 -10.92 43312 -11.14 43306 -11.06 43301 -11.16 43296 -11.16 43291 -11.23 43286 -11.25 43281 -11.26 43280 -11.28 43276 -11.22 43271 -11.27 43265 -11.37 43260 -11.33 43255 -11.2 43250 -11.24 43248 -11.4 43245 -11.19 43240 -11.24 43234 -11.24 43229 -11.27 43224 -11.12 43219 -11.42 43216 -11.47 43213 -11.22 43208 -11.46 43203 -11.48 43197 -11.56 43192 -11.48 43187 -11.62 43184 -11.37 43176 -11.6 43165 -11.57 43152 -11.77 43150 -11.58 43134 -11.59 43120 -12.17 43119 -11.61 43103 -11.57 43088 -11.44 43064 -11.86 43040 -11.28 43015 -11.48 42991 -11.28 42967 -12.12 42943 -12.07 42918 -12.35 42894 -11.93 42870 -12.11 42846 -12.47 42821 -12.03 42797 -11.47 42773 -12.01 42749 -11.84 42725 -11.79 42700 -12.3 42688 -12.53 42676 -11.37 42664 -12.12 42652 -12.64 42628 -12.11 42603 -11.82 42579 -12.31 42555 -11.56 42531 -12.31 42506 -11.33 42482 -11.07 42458 -12.35 42434 -12.02 42409 -12.24 42385 -12.35 42361 -11.56 42344 -11.02 42326 -11.44 42309 -11.04 42292 -10.63 42274 -10.5 42257 -10.79 42240 -10.94 42223 -10.59 42205 -11.22 42188 -10.99 42171 -10.86 42153 -11.51 42136 -10.56 42119 -10.77 42101 -10.96 42093 -10.02 42084 -9.81 42076 -10.09 42067 -10.85 42050 -11.03 42032 -10.96 42015 -11.29 41998 -10.56 41980 -10.04 41963 -10.5 41946 -10.72 41928 -11.12 41911 -11.13 41894 -11.19 41877 -10.81 41859 -10.84 41842 -10.44 41825 -10.56 41807 -10.21 41790 -10.52 41773 -10.31 41755 -11.1 41738 -10.98 41721 -11.04 41712 -10.53 41703 -10.38 41686 -10.76 41669 -11.1 41652 -10.77 41634 -11.58 41626 -11.05 41617 -10.13 41600 -10.7 41582 -10.76 41565 -10.27 41548 -10.22 41530 -10.52 41513 -10.76 41496 -10.55 41479 -10.7 41461 -10.98 41444 -10.87 41427 -10.78 41406 -11.59 41382 -11.25 41358 -11.21 41334 -11.4 41310 -11.44 41298 -11.68 41286 -12.29 41274 -12.25 41262 -11.36 41238 -11.13 41214 -11.27 41190 -11.84 41166 -11.93 41142 -11.61 41118 -11.87 41106 -12.32 41094 -12.52 41082 -11.98 41070 -11.92 41046 -11.42 41022 -11.42 40998 -11.64 40986 -11.48 40974 -10.85 40962 -11.57 40950 -11.57 40926 -11.46 40902 -11.45 40878 -11.6 40854 -11.09 40830 -11.38 40806 -10.96 40783 -11.32 40759 -11.19 40735 -11.38 40711 -11.58 40687 -11.89 40663 -11.47 40639 -11.29 40627 -11.45 40615 -10.51 40603 -11.11 40591 -11.4 40567 -11.08 40543 -11.19 40519 -11.42 40495 -10.82 40471 -10.86 40447 -11.32 40423 -10.81 40399 -10.49 40375 -10.53 40351 -10.98 40327 -11.48 40303 -11.08 40279 -11.4 40255 -11.05 40231 -11.57 40207 -11.98 40183 -12.06 40155 -11.67 40127 -11.06 40099 -11.61 40071 -11.33 40043 -10.94 40015 -10.69 39988 -10.76 39974 -11.83 39969 -11.73 39960 -11.17 39960 -11.19 39951 -10.87 39942 -10.82 39933 -10.67 39932 -10.94 39924 -10.63 39916 -10.78 39908 -10.91 39904 -11.36 39900 -11.1 39892 -10.99 39884 -10.95 39876 -10.95 39876 -11.22 39868 -11.17 39860 -11.01 39851 -11.17 39848 -10.84 39843 -11.27 39834 -11.29 39825 -11.28 39820 -11.04 39816 -10.99 39808 -10.98 39799 -11.04 39792 -11.22 39773 -11.11 39680 -11.06 39587 -10.82 39508 -10.49 39493 -10.74 39400 -9.95 39367 -9.66 39307 -9.85 39225 -8.62 39213 -9.11 39120 -8.92 39036 -9.19 38957 -9.4 38941 -9.13 38878 -9.3 38799 -9.26 38720 -9.44 38657 -10.36 38642 -9.51 38563 -10.28 38516 -9.8 38484 -10.06 38405 -9.68 38374 -9.48 38327 -9.58 38249 -9.91 38232 -10.08 38171 -10.34 38093 -11.34 38090 -11.17 38058 -11.88 38030 -11.63 38025 -12.3 37992 -11.97 37970 -12.15 37959 -11.82 37926 -11.49 37892 -11.34 37855 -11.38 37850 -11.28 37819 -11.52 37783 -11.46 37747 -11.89 37730 -11.35 37711 -11.8 37675 -11.96 37638 -12.04 37609 -12.25 37603 -12.02 37568 -12.07 37534 -12.06 37500 -12.09 37489 -12.19 37466 -12.05 37432 -12.11 37398 -12.1 37369 -11.99 37364 -12.03 37330 -11.93 37295 -11.98 37260 -12.03 37249 -12.11 37225 -12.06 37190 -12.09 37155 -12.03 37129 -11.93 37120 -11.81 37086 -11.84 37051 -11.73 37016 -11.84 37009 -12.22 36979 -11.85 36941 -11.86 36904 -11.89 36889 -11.63 36866 -11.96 36828 -11.86 36791 -12.11 36768 -11.86 36753 -12.26 36716 -12.03 36682 -11.99 36648 -11.98 36615 -11.76 36581 -11.55 36548 -11.53 36528 -12.13 36515 -11.63 36481 -11.85 36466 -11.69 36463 -11.78 36462 -11.25 36459 -11.84 36455 -11.6 36451 -11.43 36450 -11.85 36447 -11.16 36443 -11.5 36439 -11.14 36439 -11.75 36435 -11.84 36427 -11.77 36415 -11.39 36404 -12.06 36392 -11.64 36380 -11.48 36369 -12.07 36357 -11.75 36345 -11.44 36334 -11.93 36322 -11.29 36316 -11.5 36310 -12.55 36305 -10.95 36299 -11.25 36293 -11.48 36287 -10.8 36281 -11.05 36275 -11.94 36270 -11.38 36264 -10.25 36258 -11.25 36252 -11.2 36241 -11.4 36229 -10.75 36218 -11.06 36206 -11.41 36194 -11.21 36183 -11.02 36171 -11.25 36160 -10.63 36148 -10.47 36142 -10.65 36137 -11.56 36131 -10.81 36125 -10.24 36119 -10.79 36113 -11.95 36108 -11.29 36102 -10.52 36090 -10.9 36079 -10.95