# Yangkou Cave, Southwest China 124-206KYrBP Stalagmite d18O Data #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # # Online_Resource: http://ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/17287 # # Original_Source_URL: ftp://ftp.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/asia/china/yangkou2014yk05.txt # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Archive: Speleothems #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2014-10-14 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Yangkou Cave, Southwest China 124-206KYrBP Stalagmite d18O Data #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Li, T.-Y.; Shen, C.-C.; Huang, L.-J.; Jiang, X.-Y.; Yang, X.-L.; Mii, H.-S.; Lee, S.-Y.; Lo, L. #-------------------- # Description_and_Notes # Description: Oxygen isotope (d18O) data from 5 stalagmites collected in Yangkou Cave, Chongqing, southwest China, # covering the interval from 124,000 to 206,000 years before present. # #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: T.-Y. Li, C.-C. Shen, L.-J. Huang, X.-Y. Jiang, X.-L. Yang, H.-S. Mii, S.-Y. Lee, and L. Lo # Published_Date_or_Year: 2014-06-24 # Published_Title: Stalagmite-inferred variability of the Asian summer monsoon during the penultimate glacial-interglacial period # Journal_Name: Climate of the Past # Volume: 10 # Edition: # Issue: 3 # Pages: 1211-1219 # DOI: 10.5194/cp-10-1211-2014 # Online_Resource: http://www.clim-past.net/10/1211/2014/cp-10-1211-2014.html # Full_Citation: # Abstract: The orbital-timescale dynamics of the Quaternary Asian summer monsoons (ASM) are frequently attributed to precession-dominated northern hemispheric summer insolation. However, this long-term continuous ASM variability is inferred primarily from oxygen isotope records of stalagmites, mainly from Sanbao cave in mainland China, and may not provide a comprehensive picture of ASM evolution. A new spliced stalagmite oxygen isotope record from Yangkou cave tracks summer monsoon precipitation variation from 124 to 206 thousand years ago in Chongqing, southwest China. Our Yangkou record supports that the evolution of ASM was dominated by the North Hemisphere solar insolation on orbital timescales. When superimposed on the Sanbao record, the precipitation time series referred from Yangkou cave stalagmites supports the strong ASM periods at marine isotope stages (MIS) 6.3, 6.5, and 7.1 and weak ASM intervals at MIS 6.2, 6.4, and 7.0. This consistency confirms that ASM events affected most of mainland China. Except for the solar insolation forcing, the large amplitude of minimum d18O values in Yangkou record during glacial period, such as MIS 6.5, could stem from the enhanced prevailing Pacific trade wind and/or continental shelf exposure in the Indo-Pacific warm pool. #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Taiwan ROC MOST and NTU # Grant: 101-2116-M-002-009, 102-2116-M-002-016, 101R7625 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: National Natural Science Foundation of China # Grant: 41030103, 41172165, 41072141, 41272192 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, China # Grant: XDJK2013A012, XDJK2012A003 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology # Grant: Opening Fund SKLLQG1310 #------------------ # Site_Information # Site_Name: Yangkou Cave # Location: Asia>Eastern Asia>China # Country: China # Northernmost_Latitude: 29.0333 # Southernmost_Latitude: 29.0333 # Easternmost_Longitude: 107.1833 # Westernmost_Longitude: 107.1833 # Elevation: 2140 m #------------------ # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: Yangkou2014YK05 # Earliest_Year: 190357 # Most_Recent_Year: 179643 # Time_Unit: Cal. Year BP # Core_Length: 0.191 m # Notes: #------------------ # Chronology: # # Table 1. U-Th isotopic compositions and 230Th ages for subsamples of five Yangkou stalagmites on MC-ICP-MS at the HISPEC, NTU # # Subsample ID Depth 238U 232Th d234U [230Th/238U] [230Th/232Th] Age (kyr) Age (kyr, BP) d234Uinitial # (mm) (ppb) (ppt) measured*a activity*c (ppm)*d uncorrected corrected*c,*e corrected*b # Stalagmite: YK5 YK5-01 3.0 8730 ±13 553.0 ±7.1 215.8 ±2.1 1.0192 ±0.0024 265626 ±3445 179.7 ±1.3 179.6 ±1.3 358.5 ±3.7 # YK5-02 24.0 7335 ±14 263.1 ±7.1 218.4 ±2.7 1.0235 ±0.0027 471128 ±12563 180.4 ±1.6 180.4 ±1.6 363.6 ±4.8 # YK5-03 57.0 4322.4 ±7.6 5997 ±17 192.9 ±2.3 1.0002 ±0.0024 11903 ±39 181.2 ±1.4 181.1 ±1.4 321.9 ±4.1 # YK5-04 79.0 5041 ±10 500.2 ±5.7 187.7 ±2.9 0.9997 ±0.0026 166348 ±1928 183.2 ±1.7 183.2 ±1.7 315.1 ±5.0 # YK5-05 88.0 5729.6 ±9.4 356.1 ±5.1 184.6 ±2.4 0.9986 ±0.0027 265267 ±3814 184.2 ±1.6 184.1 ±1.6 310.6 ±4.2 # YK5-06 103.0 5375.3 ±9.9 593.2 ±5.0 202.1 ±2.6 1.0161 ±0.0022 152028 ±1290 184.2 ±1.5 184.1 ±1.5 340.1 ±4.7 # YK5-07 128.0 4986.2 ±8.8 137.6 ±5.8 201.6 ±2.3 1.0175 ±0.0023 608876 ±25827 185.1 ±1.4 185.0 ±1.4 340.0 ±4.1 # YK5-08 149.0 6076 ±14 269.0 ±5.2 205.0 ±3.0 1.0259 ±0.0028 382639 ±7471 187.2 ±1.8 187.2 ±1.8 348.1 ±5.3 # YK5-09 177.0 8808 ±11 1103.7 ±7.2 215.0 ±1.9 1.0374 ±0.0016 136699 ±889 187.9 ±1.1 187.8 ±1.1 365.7 ±3.5 # YK5-10 188.0 12100 ±19 168.3 ±6.1 210.0 ±2.5 1.0368 ±0.0027 1230671 ±44610 189.9 ±1.7 189.8 ±1.7 359.2 ±4.7 # Stalagmite: YK12 YK12-01 3.6 6262.6 ±4.1 3895 ±24 309.6 ±1.2 0.9620 ±0.0015 25540 ±164 133.76 ±0.46 133.69 ±0.46 451.8 ±1.9 # YK12-02 10.5 5016.7 ±2.5 12393 ±25 296.1 ±1.2 0.9590 ±0.0017 6410 ±17 135.88 ±0.51 135.78 ±0.51 434.7 ±1.8 # YK12-03 21.5 6384.1 ±3.6 1050 ±21 296.2 ±1.1 0.9796 ±0.0014 98334 ±1947 141.43 ±0.46 141.36 ±0.46 441.8 ±1.7 # YK12-04 40.0 5675.3 ±5.8 9675 ±32 273.0 ±1.6 0.9792 ±0.0017 9483 ±34 147.07 ±0.67 146.98 ±0.67 413.7 ±2.6 # YK12-05 57.5 13314 ±13 1488 ±21 259.4 ±1.5 0.9840 ±0.0015 145382 ±2094 152.20 ±0.62 152.14 ±0.62 398.9 ±2.4 # YK12-06 78.0 11746.6 ±5.5 1425 ±24 253.54 ±0.90 0.9852 ±0.0013 134061 ±2272 154.30 ±0.49 154.24 ±0.49 392.1 ±1.5 # YK12-07 80.0 8830.3 ±5.3 38573 ±98 212.8 ±1.2 0.9796 ±0.0027 3702 ±14 165.3 ±1.1 165.1 ±1.1 339.4 ±2.2 # YK12-08 92.0 7106.6 ±3.6 7546 ±25 199.70 ±0.89 0.9823 ±0.0014 15274 ±55 171.08 ±0.64 170.99 ±0.64 323.9 ±1.5 # YK12-09 101.0 9513.1 ±6.5 4483 ±23 203.4 ±1.1 0.9976 ±0.0013 34954 ±182 175.80 ±0.72 175.73 ±0.72 334.3 ±2.0 # YK12-10 105.0 5118.6 ±6.7 2378 ±21 185.4 ±1.9 0.9924 ±0.0018 35265 ±317 181.0 ±1.1 180.9 ±1.1 309.3 ±3.3 # YK12-11 109.5 6109.1 ±3.8 572 ±18 178.4 ±1.2 0.9875 ±0.0013 174125 ±5633 181.93 ±0.77 181.87 ±0.77 298.4 ±2.1 # Stalagmite: YK23 YK23-01 2.4 2893.2 ±2.3 13899 ±26 102.8 ±1.5 0.8935 ±0.0018 3070.9 ±8.0 172.8 ±1.0 172.6 ±1.0 167.6 ±2.4 # YK23-02 9.6 2608.9 ±1.7 13210 ±23 99.6 ±1.1 0.9008 ±0.0016 2937.3 ±7.1 177.70 ±0.95 177.53 ±0.95 164.5 ±1.9 # Hiatus # YK23-03 11.2 2705.2 ±1.3 1370 ±17 59.55 ±0.91 0.8799 ±0.0016 28683 ±355 187.3 ±1.0 187.3 ±1.0 101.1 ±1.6 # YK23-04 14.8 2541.1 ±1.2 10313 ±20 60.06 ±0.89 0.8830 ±0.0015 3592.3 ±8.9 188.73 ±0.98 188.57 ±0.98 102.4 ±1.5 # Hiatus # YK23-05 16.8 3255.5 ±2.0 1365 ±14 32.5 ±1.1 0.8632 ±0.0012 33986 ±363 193.47 ±0.99 193.40 ±0.99 56.1 ±1.8 # YK23-06 27.6 3084.7 ±1.5 2354 ±14 32.53 ±0.92 0.8671 ±0.0012 18764 ±112 195.87 ±0.93 195.79 ±0.93 56.6 ±1.6 # YK23-07 35.6 2208.7 ±1.3 2343 ±15 47.1 ±1.0 0.8848 ±0.0014 13768 ±89 197.5 ±1.1 197.5 ±1.1 82.2 ±1.8 # YK23-08 42.4 1917.04 ±0.90 4503 ±17 39.3 ±1.1 0.8795 ±0.0013 6182 ±25 199.3 ±1.1 199.2 ±1.1 68.9 ±1.9 # Hiatus # YK23-09 43.0 2720.4 ±1.5 1128 ±14 21.23 ±0.90 0.8633 ±0.0013 34369 ±430 201.0 ±1.1 200.9 ±1.1 37.5 ±1.7 # YK23-10 62.4 3355.3 ±2.2 698 ±23 16.2 ±1.0 0.8657 ±0.0014 68753 ±2263 206.2 ±1.2 206.1 ±1.2 29.0 ±1.8 # YK23-11 77.2 2262.6 ±1.5 899 ±19 15.0 ±1.1 0.8655 ±0.0015 35976 ±777 206.9 ±1.3 206.8 ±1.3 26.9 ±2.1 # Stalagmite: YK47 YK47-01 118.8 812.37 ±0.81 6437 ±11 395.2 ±1.8 1.0173 ±0.0022 2120.0 ±6.0 130.19 ±0.61 129.99 ±0.61 570.7 ±2.8 # YK47-02 137.5 765.96 ±0.70 2997.5 ±7.6 398.9 ±1.8 1.0295 ±0.0019 4343 ±13 132.27 ±0.57 132.14 ±0.57 579.7 ±2.8 # Stalagmite: YK61 YK61-01 13.6 3427.4 ±2.1 13736 ±25 295.8 ±1.2 0.9172 ±0.0019 3779 ±10 125.39 ±0.51 125.26 ±0.51 421.5 ±1.8 # YK61-02 15.5 3636.8 ±1.9 4502 ±12 275.4 ±1.2 0.9027 ±0.0013 12039 ±37 125.80 ±0.41 125.72 ±0.41 393.0 ±1.8 # YK61-03 17.0 3974.8 ±2.4 4663 ±10 261.5 ±1.2 0.8936 ±0.0013 12577 ±32 126.29 ±0.41 126.21 ±0.41 373.6 ±1.8 # YK61-04 20.0 3418.6 ±3.7 1271.0 ±8.9 302.6 ±1.8 0.9278 ±0.0013 41205 ±291 126.64 ±0.48 126.58 ±0.48 432.9 ±2.6 # YK61-05 22.4 1520.4 ±2.4 3627 ±33 340.2 ±2.4 0.9619 ±0.0024 6658 ±63 127.60 ±0.72 127.50 ±0.72 487.8 ±3.5 # YK61-06 26.0 2414.5 ±4.3 2217 ±29 315.2 ±2.4 0.9448 ±0.0027 16993 ±229 128.33 ±0.80 128.25 ±0.80 453.0 ±3.6 # YK61-07 28.3 4454.4 ±4.8 801.0 ±8.8 313.7 ±1.7 0.9452 ±0.0013 86784 ±959 128.70 ±0.47 128.63 ±0.47 451.4 ±2.5 # YK61-08 30.1 2434.4 ±2.3 657.4 ±8.6 314.5 ±1.6 0.9479 ±0.0012 57958 ±756 129.21 ±0.43 129.15 ±0.43 453.1 ±2.3 # YK61-09 40.8 3633.5 ±4.6 207 ± 25 302.5 ±2.1 0.9389 ±0.0019 271567 ±32442 129.37 ±0.64 129.31 ±0.64 436.1 ±3.2 # YK61-10 47.8 3140.5 ±3.0 132.3 ±7.0 305.6 ±1.6 0.9459 ±0.0013 370865 ±19563 130.52 ±0.45 130.46 ±0.45 441.9 ±2.3 # YK61-11 61.3 5420.5 ±6.6 3648 ±10 306.2 ±1.8 0.9502 ±0.0016 23311 ±67 131.47 ±0.55 131.39 ±0.55 443.9 ±2.7 # Hiatus # YK61-12 63.1 2307.3 ±1.8 1947.5 ±8.3 303.9 ±1.3 0.9801 ±0.0012 19171 ±84 139.78 ±0.45 139.70 ±0.45 451.0 ±2.0 # YK61-13 74.0 5853.2 ±7.4 3435 ±11 287.2 ±1.7 0.9743 ±0.0017 27409 ±90 142.09 ±0.63 142.01 ±0.63 429.2 ±2.7 # YK61-14 88.0 3614.8 ±7.1 352 ±20 321.2 ±2.9 1.0365 ±0.0027 175586 ±9727 151.4 ±1.1 151.3 ±1.1 492.7 ±4.7 # YK61-15 110.0 4705.3 ±8.5 672 ±16 320.3 ±2.6 1.0476 ±0.0026 121199 ±2976 154.9 ±1.1 154.9 ±1.1 496.2 ±4.4 # YK61-16 130.0 5173.2 ±8.0 646 ±18 303.7 ±2.3 1.0495 ±0.0022 138661 ±3763 160.25 ±0.98 160.18 ±0.98 477.6 ±3.8 # YK61-17 137.8 6174.8 ±8.5 405.3 ±7.9 299.4 ±2.0 1.0514 ±0.0019 264459 ±5140 162.16 ±0.87 162.10 ±0.87 473.5 ±3.4 # YK61-18 167.8 4766.3 ±5.3 347.8 ±7.3 274.1 ±1.7 1.0478 ±0.0014 237115 ±4998 169.06 ±0.77 168.99 ±0.77 441.9 ±3.0 # YK61-19 185.8 2984.1 ±2.9 1897.4 ±9.4 239.0 ±1.7 1.0238 ±0.0015 26585 ±135 172.56 ±0.84 172.49 ±0.84 389.2 ±2.9 # # Chemistry was performed during 2011-2012 (Shen et al., 2003) and instrumental analyses on MC-ICP-MS (Shen et al., 2012). # # Analytical errors are 2s of the mean. # # a* d234U = ([234U/238U]activity - 1) x 1000. # # b* d234Uinitial corrected was calculated based on 230Th age (T), i.e., d234Uinitial = d234U x eLambda234*T, and T is corrected age. # # c* [230Th/238U]activity = 1 - e-Lambda230T + (d234U/1000)[Lambda230/(Lambda230 -Lambda234)](1 - e-(Lambda230 - Lambda234) T), where T is the age. # # Decay constants used are available in Cheng et al. (2000). # # d* The degree of detrital 230Th contamination is indicated by the [230Th/232Th] atomic ratio instead of the activity ratio. # # e* Age [yr BP (before AD 1950)] corrections were made using an 230Th/232Th atomic ratio of 4 +/- 2 ppm. # # Those are the values for material at secular equilibrium, with the crustal 232Th/238U value of 3.8. The errors are arbitrarily assumed to be 50%. # # # #---------------- # Variables # # Data variables follow that are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Data line variables format: Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-longname-tab-longname components (9 components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, archive, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) # ##depth_mm depth, , , mm, , , , ,N ##age_calkaBP age, , , calendar kyears before present, , , , ,N ##d18OcarbVPDB delta18O, calcium carbonate, , per mil VPDB, ,speleothem, , ,N # #---------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing Values: # depth_mm age_calkaBP d18OcarbVPDB 3 179.643 -7.782 6 179.748 -7.717 9 179.852 -8.200 12 179.957 -8.164 15 180.061 -7.685 18 180.166 -7.905 21 180.270 -8.073 24 180.375 -8.266 27 180.441 -7.940 30 180.507 -7.423 33 180.573 -7.885 36 180.639 -7.904 39 180.705 -7.402 42 180.772 -7.855 45 180.838 -7.538 48 180.904 -7.723 51 180.970 -7.750 54 181.036 -7.559 57 181.102 -7.139 60 181.384 -7.327 63 181.666 -7.183 66 181.948 -7.144 69 182.231 -7.586 72 182.513 -6.919 75 182.795 -6.517 78 183.077 -7.454 79 183.171 81 183.378 -7.485 84 183.689 -7.358 87 183.999 -6.976 88 184.103 90 184.108 -7.701 93 184.116 -7.397 96 184.124 -7.426 99 184.132 -7.653 102 184.140 -7.429 103 184.143 105 184.211 -7.067 108 184.314 -7.293 111 184.417 -7.564 114 184.520 -7.700 117 184.622 -7.664 120 184.725 -7.295 123 184.828 -7.511 126 184.931 -8.183 128 184.999 129 185.102 -8.470 132 185.410 -8.133 135 185.719 -7.565 138 186.028 -7.420 141 186.336 -7.730 144 186.645 -8.510 147 186.953 -7.868 149 187.159 150 187.183 -7.445 153 187.254 -7.644 156 187.326 -7.727 159 187.397 -7.453 162 187.469 -8.145 165 187.540 -7.573 168 187.612 -8.191 171 187.683 -7.592 174 187.755 -7.901 177 187.826 -7.512 180 188.368 -7.202 183 188.911 -7.194 186 189.453 -6.891 188 189.815 189 189.996 -6.731 191 190.357 -7.082