# Liu-li Cave, China Speleothem d18O, d13C and Sr/Ca Data Over the Past 6,700 years #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 4.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite original publication, NOAA Landing Page URL, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. # If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, study title, NOAA Landing Page URL, and date accessed. # # Description/Documentation lines begin with '#' followed by a space # Data lines have no '#' # # NOAA_Landing_Page: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/38200 # Landing_Page_Description: NOAA Landing Page of this file's parent study, which includes all study metadata. # # Study_Level_JSON_Metadata: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/json/noaa-cave-38200.json # Study_Level_JSON_Description: JSON metadata of this data file's parent study, which includes all study metadata. # # Data_Type: Speleothems # # Dataset_DOI: 10.25921/c2db-gj83 # # Science_Keywords: #--------------------------------------- # Resource_Links # # Data_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/china/zhao2021/zhao2021-llc_trace.txt # Data_Download_Description: NOAA Template File; Sr/Ca Data # #--------------------------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2023-06-20 #--------------------------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2023-07-05 #--------------------------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Liu-li Cave, China Speleothem d18O, d13C and Sr/Ca Data Over the Past 6,700 years #--------------------------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Zhao, Jingyao #--------------------------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: # Provided Keywords: Speleothem, Stable isotopes, 2-kyr shift, Asian summer monsoon #--------------------------------------- # Publication # Authors: Jingyao Zhao, Liangcheng Tan, Yan Yang, Carlos Perez-Mejías, Yassine Ait Brahim, Jianghu Lan, Jian Wang, Hanying Li, Tianli Wang, Haiwei Zhang, Hai Cheng # Published_Date_or_Year: 2021 # Published_Title: New insights towards an integrated understanding of NE Asian monsoon during mid to late Holocene # Journal_Name: Quaternary Science Reviews # Volume: 254 # Edition: # Issue: 15 # Pages: # Report_Number: 106793 # DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2020.106793 # Online_Resource: # Full_Citation: # Abstract: Speleothem records from NE Asia are essential to understand the spatial patterns of the Asian Summer Monsoon (ASM) variability. In this paper, we present a new high-resolution and chronologically well-resolved speleothem record from Liu-li (LL) cave, NE China, through d18O, d13C and Sr/Ca ratio characterizing a dynamic ASM history over the past 6680 years. The LL d18O record shows a long-term trend to higher values, following the North Hemisphere summer insolation (NHSI), with the exception of the last 2 kyr characterized by a negative d18O excursion. The ‘2-kyr shift’ is evident in NE Asia over the past 2 kyr, originally inferred from the speleothem d18O negative excursion in South China, as well as in many other proxy records from East China, but it merely manifests a flat trend in most of the western East Asian Summer Monsoon (EASM) and Indian Summer Monsoon (ISM) regions, rather than a negative excursion. On multi-centennial to millennial timescales, the intensification of the Tsushima Warm Current (TWC) can amplify rainfall on both sides of the Japan Sea. A close comparison between the monsoon reconstruction and the cultural changes in NE Asia suggests contemporary climatic and cultural regime-shifts, implying an important role of the ASM weakening in the collapse of Neolithic and Early Bronze cultures in this region. #--------------------------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: National Science Foundation of China # Grant: 41888101, XDB40000000, 41731174 #--------------------------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Guangxi Key Science and Technology Innovation Base on Karst Dynamics # Grant: 42002199 #--------------------------------------- # Site_Information # Site_Name: Liu-li Cave # Location: China # Northernmost_Latitude: 41.02 # Southernmost_Latitude: 41.02 # Easternmost_Longitude: 125.82 # Westernmost_Longitude: 125.82 # Elevation_m: 490 #--------------------------------------- # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: L-LC Trace Metal # First_Year: 3071.47 # Last_Year: -60 # Time_Unit: calendar year before present # Core_Length_m: # Parameter_Keywords: trace metals # Notes: #--------------------------------------- # Chronology_Information # Chronology: Uranium-Thorium # Chronology_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/templates/noaa-wds-paleo-uth-terms.csv # Chronology_Download_Description: Uranium-Thorium terms and definitions. # Chronology_Notes: U-Th isotopic data and 230Th dates of stalagmite LL2. Two hiatuses exist at 55- and 116-mm depth from top. Sample LL2-4D discarded from the age-model due to the hiatus located at 55.0 mm. # 238U_Decay_Constant: 1.55125x10-10 (Jaffey et al., 1971) # 234U_Decay_Constant: 2.82206x10-6 (Cheng et al., 2013) # 230Th_Decay_Constant: 9.1705x10-6 (Cheng et al., 2013) # Initial_230Th/232Th: 4.4 +/- 2.2 x10-6 # Initial_230Th/232Th_Method: Values for a material at secular equilibrium, with the bulk earth 232Th/238U value of 3.8. The errors are arbitrarily assumed to be 50%. # Missing_Values: na # Chronology_Table: # samp_id depth_top_mm 238U_ppb 238U_2s_ppb 232Th_ppt 232Th_2s_ppt 230Th_232Th_atom_ppm 230Th_232Th_atom_2s_ppm d234U_meas_permil d234U_meas_2s_permil 230Th_238U_act 230Th_238U_act_2s age_uncorr_BM age_uncorr_2s_yr age_corr_BM age_corr_2s_yr d234U_init_permil d234U_init_2s_permil age_corr_BP1950 age_corr_2s_yr date_used date_type # LL2-1E 1 82.4915330623099 0.242788567626376 554.190205853379 11.4147562484341 7.47109990562017 0.322926717236104 643.183930544115 3.99406992957832 3.04416611137001E-03 1.16025034912908E-04 202.181881467642 7.72789931580691 83.1604636454086 84.5522430609261 643.334893147602 3.99795553176426 16.1604636454086 84.5522430609261 yes MC-ICP-MS # LL2-2B 7.5 77.006556297951 0.373726075645352 1939.8911498193 39.629844711537 8.39115569094285 0.439588208776496 733.55896439615 6.23324543200832 1.28205238232108E-02 6.21577496499672E-04 809.046739714682 39.4600549117447 385.65989457767 302.121146804568 734.357771998562 6.27136629265337 319.65989457767 302.121146804568 yes MC-ICP-MS # LL2-2D 16.5 82.3179191491653 0.139659692393259 719.503129351105 14.5215814205142 26.4277402646042 0.744939713847802 608.826905868701 2.55703689476058 1.40098235291116E-02 2.76700714889304E-04 953.246749795309 18.9611649190136 795.18276467142 113.408043934425 610.194680373341 2.57021142801467 729.18276467142 113.408043934425 yes MC-ICP-MS # LL2-4B 19 70.2974780777736 0.276998064179836 1477.65088279924 29.9667530565068 14.815406319051 0.480765746636533 567.406085444472 4.7826358886025 1.88877397835181E-02 4.84229214457829E-04 1321.11269211292 34.2935091191376 930.611891927246 278.362204918371 568.898190222902 4.81599271126981 864.611891927246 278.362204918371 yes MC-ICP-MS # LL2-3D 28 50.2518219356375 6.67203738755031E-02 340.423965732624 6.97984095475906 55.0030024060883 1.56364547331179 476.862984630697 2.32323150743201 2.25989906586963E-02 4.46032459830756E-04 1680.21337369113 33.4994416772558 1546.84534108971 100.098908232383 478.949180541309 2.33731436645918 1480.84534108971 100.098908232383 yes MC-ICP-MS # LL2-7B 34 64.196928408824 0.127418895064022 380.26353981181 7.6758222605167 91.5931588591843 2.70408467985215 496.595048286265 2.44265341094176 3.29054478675532E-02 7.11910718567416E-04 2421.53811712537 53.0667419144729 2306.55541822564 97.0747036283115 499.838047445534 2.4624152910639 2240.55541822564 97.0747036283115 yes MC-ICP-MS # Hiatus-1 55 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA yes Hiatus # LL2-4D 56 59.8722241984409 0.118641455303657 1348.59844241246 27.1712023228993 35.8278364165252 0.873197624288288 482.550903771196 2.70888904405635 4.89454331060781E-02 6.78179297666376E-04 3654.59343926506 51.8564372753581 3212.97373067873 316.670010286005 486.946188786092 2.76798381698467 3146.97373067873 316.670010286005 no MC-ICP-MS # LL2-5D 64.5 62.414414102017 0.148504751614078 952.342327420116 19.2386316248343 62.8608924000382 1.53847647096299 529.596138422471 3.02408170103188 5.81732145580429E-02 8.15563104422105E-04 4219.24905789358 60.7858323206255 3929.73426207275 213.563117325051 535.502019504453 3.07479016735952 3863.73426207275 213.563117325051 yes MC-ICP-MS # LL2-2E 74.5 49.9182051844863 0.112128729929585 442.830220044577 9.07482631091869 128.477926264256 2.95991957193108 557.557999376733 2.8712572152258 6.91259540919391E-02 7.44009707786416E-04 4937.64409484165 55.0253907268919 4772.5894198595 128.998549423951 565.118288269426 2.91745297881647 4705.5894198595 128.998549423951 yes MC-ICP-MS # LL2-1F 93.5 40.5068778615924 0.104616364019453 202.350002004893 4.32174580628089 255.356633642959 5.83416576550661 541.50521159475 2.93289642379974 7.73670287937807E-02 6.58706763888163E-04 5599.11521640951 49.9939205316553 5505.28769302283 83.0112866330738 549.983867499174 2.98160348585429 5438.28769302283 83.0112866330738 yes MC-ICP-MS # LL2-6D 102.5 46.0008604948858 8.74340309820047E-02 316.465264178105 6.4899515852377 188.017775792315 4.45249878750985 511.841456376502 2.88901006580876 7.84500698484664E-02 9.40893146766228E-04 5794.07029885399 72.0776550740691 5662.29410704822 117.741678855168 520.086039462756 2.94062751041081 5596.29410704822 117.741678855168 yes MC-ICP-MS # LL2-3E 106 52.2532880131769 8.59272234665886E-02 424.561019210182 8.63747524494208 159.427305612169 3.50336890822438 462.177513543196 1.88864683739065 7.85639900050492E-02 6.65195045521025E-04 6005.88132480237 52.745718271131 5844.91098149057 125.43430121381 469.864210171949 1.92724823662945 5777.91098149057 125.43430121381 yes MC-ICP-MS # LL2-2F 112 45.6301861995176 0.178529514830209 563.216169575448 11.7406008030289 108.714580875211 2.58355653783893 442.943040079556 4.17568182666933 8.13851186679106E-02 9.81591843985994E-04 6312.93009331872 80.4156377708732 6065.05808621035 192.664860814442 450.589689146407 4.25482687746454 5998.05808621035 192.664860814442 yes MC-ICP-MS # LL2-3F 114 47.5164924063453 0.120739528858102 219.132472407917 4.78027843888264 295.158458609096 7.46348535289107 447.370635999296 2.79392592008092 8.25566249132546E-02 1.0762895311198E-03 6386.01020517417 86.4414141792854 6293.75939097059 108.204258938437 455.387536244065 2.84739073850711 6226.75939097059 108.204258938437 yes MC-ICP-MS # LL2-1G 115 42.7490407628967 0.150697463491285 1064.76932064654 21.9510410906824 58.6475588692717 1.50425812434972 435.181643527048 4.03437037978261 8.85958596604064E-02 1.38740138670565E-03 6927.13992154719 113.468944639268 6423.84191398835 373.425036611147 443.142764712271 4.13463200091878 6356.84191398835 373.425036611147 yes MC-ICP-MS # Hiatus-2 116 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA yes Hiatus # LL2-4E 116.5 52.2572068641218 0.119316560969496 1430.4006396113 28.852473673945 55.5000983625182 1.19655830027344 434.074835398055 3.00647645985598 9.21381709886564E-02 7.3219181008392E-04 7218.34566172477 61.167569276335 6664.80862868345 396.270623647192 442.316391790704 3.1032344668212 6597.80862868345 396.270623647192 yes MC-ICP-MS # LL2-4F 118 36.8822486116945 0.110136297185843 1326.57731963006 27.0836428572486 44.0693089199613 1.05273758290877 438.340900993914 3.35736160680668 9.61359336908135E-02 1.22619700638308E-03 7518.30595421358 100.61796822212 6792.69644808227 522.969004392445 446.824688124051 3.48529596667492 6725.69644808227 522.969004392445 yes MC-ICP-MS # #--------------------------------------- # Variables # PaST_Thesaurus_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/skos/past-thesaurus.rdf # PaST_Thesaurus_Download_Description: Paleoenvironmental Standard Terms (PaST) Thesaurus terms, definitions, and relationships in SKOS format. # # Data variables follow that are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-var components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, data type, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) # ## age age,,,calendar year before present,,Speleothems,,,N, ## DFT depth,,,millimeter,,Speleothems,,,N,distance (millimeter) from the speleothem top ## Sr/Ca_comp strontium/calcium,calcium carbonate,,dimensionless,,Speleothems,,,N,average of element strontium and calcium intensities ratios obtained in 3 times by a laser-induced breakdown spectrometry (LIBS). #------------------------ # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing_Values: NA age DFT Sr/Ca_comp -60.00 0.00 0.18 -42.52 0.33 0.22 -25.05 0.67 0.21 -7.57 1.00 0.19 10.09 1.33 0.32 27.75 1.67 0.37 45.42 2.00 0.47 61.39 2.33 0.43 77.36 2.67 0.38 93.34 3.00 0.47 111.62 3.33 0.49 129.90 3.67 0.41 148.18 4.00 0.53 171.31 4.33 0.53 194.45 4.67 0.43 217.58 5.00 0.41 236.59 5.33 0.57 255.60 5.67 0.51 274.61 6.00 0.43 294.31 6.33 0.50 314.01 6.67 0.40 333.71 7.00 0.44 356.62 7.50 0.52 379.53 8.00 0.63 396.11 8.33 0.59 412.69 8.67 0.50 429.27 9.00 0.46 443.45 9.33 0.43 457.63 9.67 0.46 471.81 10.00 0.48 480.84 10.33 0.38 489.88 10.67 0.52 498.92 11.00 0.47 514.51 11.33 0.41 530.10 11.67 0.51 545.69 12.00 0.42 550.58 12.25 0.49 555.47 12.50 0.43 560.36 12.75 0.57 565.25 13.00 0.39 586.11 13.50 0.39 606.98 14.00 0.39 614.38 14.33 0.25 621.78 14.67 0.59 629.19 15.00 0.43 643.32 15.33 0.41 657.45 15.67 0.36 671.59 16.00 0.34 681.40 16.25 0.40 691.21 16.50 0.39 701.03 16.75 0.36 710.84 17.00 0.36 726.86 17.33 0.35 742.88 17.67 0.49 758.91 18.00 0.53 782.87 18.33 0.51 806.83 18.67 0.42 830.79 19.00 0.47 852.64 19.33 0.53 874.50 19.67 0.44 896.35 20.00 0.53 920.21 20.33 0.50 944.07 20.67 0.46 967.92 21.00 0.39 995.57 21.33 0.38 1023.22 21.67 0.34 1050.87 22.00 0.39 1082.05 22.33 0.38 1113.23 22.67 0.54 1144.41 23.00 0.48 1169.90 23.25 0.48 1195.39 23.50 0.51 1220.88 23.75 0.44 1246.37 24.00 0.60 1280.56 24.33 0.41 1314.76 24.67 0.37 1348.96 25.00 0.48 1378.41 25.50 0.42 1407.86 26.00 0.50 1430.67 26.50 0.30 1453.48 27.00 0.46 1471.62 27.33 0.39 1489.75 27.67 0.28 1507.88 28.00 0.30 1528.27 28.50 0.34 1548.66 29.00 0.32 1561.41 29.25 0.34 1574.16 29.50 0.43 1586.92 29.75 0.38 1599.67 30.00 0.31 1633.30 30.50 0.41 1666.93 31.00 0.25 1715.94 31.33 0.37 1764.96 31.67 0.38 1813.97 32.00 0.36 1842.63 32.33 0.41 1871.30 32.67 0.40 1899.96 33.00 0.44 1928.50 33.33 0.36 1957.03 33.67 0.45 1985.57 34.00 0.36 2011.92 34.33 0.59 2038.27 34.67 0.33 2064.62 35.00 0.38 2101.60 35.33 0.28 2138.59 35.67 0.33 2175.57 36.00 0.47 2193.76 36.33 0.45 2211.95 36.67 0.47 2230.14 37.00 NA 2241.39 37.25 NA 2252.64 37.50 0.41 2263.89 37.75 0.46 2275.14 38.00 0.35 2285.14 38.33 NA 2295.14 38.67 0.47 2305.14 39.00 0.42 2329.14 39.33 0.41 2353.14 39.67 0.48 2377.14 40.00 0.34 2395.81 40.33 0.32 2414.47 40.67 0.36 2433.14 41.00 0.40 2461.14 41.50 0.31 2489.14 42.00 0.36 2505.64 42.25 0.37 2522.14 42.50 0.32 2538.64 42.75 0.38 2555.14 43.00 0.43 2563.14 43.33 0.36 2571.14 43.67 0.47 2579.14 44.00 0.48 2590.64 44.50 0.39 2602.14 45.00 0.29 2602.14 45.00 0.38 2602.14 45.00 0.39 2602.14 45.00 0.32 2602.14 45.00 0.38 2624.81 45.67 0.39 2647.47 46.33 0.40 2670.14 47.00 0.41 2689.14 47.33 0.46 2708.14 47.67 0.41 2727.14 48.00 0.44 2745.47 48.33 0.47 2763.81 48.67 0.43 2782.14 49.00 0.44 2797.47 49.33 0.58 2812.81 49.67 0.44 2828.14 50.00 0.41 2850.47 50.33 0.46 2872.81 50.67 0.38 2895.14 51.00 0.47 2924.64 51.50 0.38 2954.14 52.00 0.36 2971.47 52.33 0.43 2988.81 52.67 0.38 3006.14 53.00 0.45 3022.47 53.33 0.38 3038.81 53.67 0.42 3055.14 54.00 0.41 3071.47 54.50 0.38