# Trio Cave, Hungary 5000 Year Trace Element and Stable Isotope Data #---------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #---------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 4.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite original publication, NOAA Landing Page URL, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, study title, NOAA Landing Page URL, and date accessed. # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # NOAA_Landing_Page: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/11817 # Landing_Page_Description: NOAA Landing Page of this file's parent study, which includes all study metadata. # # Study_Level_JSON_Metadata: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/json/noaa-cave-11817.json # Study_Level_JSON_Description: JSON metadata of this data file's parent study, which includes all study metadata. # # Data_Type: Speleothems # # Dataset_DOI: 10.25921/cqc7-zn14 # # Science_Keywords: #-------------------- # Resource_Links # # Data_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/europe/hungary/trio2009-d18o-lowres-noaa.txt # Data_Download_Description: NOAA Template File; Low-Resolution Stable Isotope Data # #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2011-07-11 #-------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2025-03-17 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Trio Cave, Hungary 5000 Year Trace Element and Stable Isotope Data #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Siklósy, Z.; Demény, A.(https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0522-9018); Vennemann, T.W.; Pilet, S.; Kramers, J.(https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6223-9530); Leél-Ossy, S.; Bondár, M.; Shen, C.-C.(https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2833-2771); Hegner, E. #-------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: Stable Hydrogen, Carbon, and Oxygen isotope analyses on carbonate and inclusion water have been combined with multicollector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (MC-ICP-MS) age dating and laser-ablation ICP-MS trace element analyses on a stalagmite from southern Hungary. Trio Cave, Hungary: 46°7.9'N, 19°9.83'E, 275m elevation. UPDATE 3/2025: Added age column to data tables using linear age model documented in Siklósy et al. 2009. #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Siklósy, Z., A. Demény, T.W. Vennemann, S. Pilet, J. Kramers, S. Leél-Ossy, M. Bondár, C.-C. Shen, and E. Hegner # Journal_Name: Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry # Published_Title: Bronze Age volcanic event recorded in stalagmites by combined isotope and trace element studies # Published_Date_or_Year: 2009 # Volume: 23 # Pages: 801-808 # Issue: 6 # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1002/rcm.3943 # Full_Citation: # Abstract: Stable isotope analyses of speleothems (carbonate deposits formed in caves) have been widely used to reconstruct paleoenvironmental conditions. Recent improvements in geochemical techniques have enabled us to analyze climate-influenced deposits at high temporal resolution so that hitherto unrecognized environmental conditions may be identified. Stable H, C and O isotope analyses on carbonate and inclusion water have been combined with multicollector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (MC-ICP-MS) age dating and laser-ablation ICP-MS trace element analyses on a stalagmite from southern Hungary. The study reveals significant changes in chemical and isotopic compositions of the speleothem between approx. 3800 and 3500 years BP ('Before Present') indicating coupled changes in the temperature and precipitation regime under which the speleothem formed. Stable isotopic and trace element correlations within this time period correlate with similar studies of stalagmites of comparable age from the Alpine-Mediterranean region. Our studies suggest that traces of deposition of volcanic dust, possibly related to the Thera eruption of Santorini (Greece) ca. 1650 BC (~3650 BP), and environmental changes can be detected at a distance of several thousand kilometers. #-------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: European Commission MILLENNIUM Integrated Project # Grant: #-------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Hungarian Scientific Research Fund # Grant: OTKA T 049713 #-------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Hungarian National Office for Research and Technology # Grant: GVOP-3.2.1-2004-04-0235/3.0 #-------------------- # Site_Information # Site_Name: Trio Cave # Location: Hungary # Northernmost_Latitude: 46.1317 # Southernmost_Latitude: 46.1317 # Easternmost_Longitude: 19.1638 # Westernmost_Longitude: 19.1638 # Elevation_m: 275 #-------------------- # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: TRIO1 d18o-lowres # First_Year: 4804 # Last_Year: 1976 # Time_Unit: cal yr BP # Core_Length_m: # Parameter_Keywords: carbon isotopes, oxygen isotopes # Notes: Stable carbon and oxygen isotope compositions of stalagmite carbonate from dual inlet analyses using a Finnigan MAT delta S mass spectrometer. Distance is measured from the starting point of high-resolution continuous flow analyses. #-------------------- # Chronology_Information # Chronology: Uranium-Thorium # Chronology_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/templates/noaa-wds-paleo-uth-terms.csv # Chronology_Download_Description: Uranium-Thorium terms and definitions. # Chronology_Notes: Age data determined by MC-ICP-MS techniques. Sample identity is based on distance measured from the starting point of high-resolution continuous flow analyses. A preliminary alpha spectrometric analysis yielded a date of 4822 +/- 200 years for a distance of -100 mm. For analyses conducted in National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan ROC, chemistry was performed in April 2008 and instrumental analysis by MC-ICP-MS during April 26-May 1st, 2008 (Shen CC, Chiu HY, Chiang HW, Chu MF, Wei KY, Steinke S, Chen MT, Lin YS, Lo L. Chem. Geol. 2007; 236: 339). Other analyses were conducted in the Institute of Geological Sciences, University of Bern, Switzerland. # Rejection_Rationale: # 238U_Decay_Constant: 1.55125 × 10-10 year-1 # 234U_Decay_Constant: 2.8263 × 10-6 year-1 (Cheng et al. 2000) # 230Th_Decay_Constant: 9.1577 × 10-6 year-1 (Cheng et al. 2000) # Initial_230Th/232Th: 2 ± 2 ppm # Initial_230Th/232Th_Method: # Age_Model_Method: # Missing_Values: na # Chronology_Table: # samp_id depth_bot_mm weight_g U_ppb U_2s_ppb Th_ppb Th_2s_ppb 238U_ppb 238U_2s_ppb 232Th_ppt 232Th_2s_ppt d234U_meas_permil d234U_meas_2s_permil 234U_238U_act 234U_238U_act_2s 238U_232Th_act 238U_232Th_act_2s 234U_232Th_act 234U_232Th_act_2s 230Th_232Th_act 230Th_232Th_act_2s 230Th_232Th_atom 230Th_232Th_atom_2s 230Th_238U_act 230Th_238U_act_2s 230Th_234U_act 230Th_234U_act_2s age_uncorr_BM age_uncorr_2s_yr age_corr_BP1950 age_corr_2s_yr age_corr_1s_yr d234U_init_permil d234U_init_2s_permil notes # TRIO-52mm -52 0.2561 529.412 1.325 22.8378 0.1311 1.0924 0.0009 69.961 0.4381 76.4293 0.4827 3.7588 0.0508 0.054 0.001 0.049 0.001 4356 76 38 University of Bern # TRIO25mm 25 0.1621 440.937 1.1071 13.1055 0.0791 1.0882 0.0012 101.541 0.664 110.496 0.7322 4.6137 0.0727 0.045 0.001 0.042 0.001 3862 75 37 University of Bern # TRIO58mm 58 0.1821 462.021 1.1512 12.5753 0.0746 1.1486 0.0013 110.882 0.7137 127.367 0.8327 4.7306 0.0905 0.043 0.001 0.037 0.001 3444 80 40 University of Bern # TRIO62mm 62 0.1869 430.078 1.0703 17.6409 0.1153 1.1799 0.0013 73.5771 0.5145 86.8143 0.6142 3.5087 0.1037 0.048 0.001 0.04 0.001 3492 135 68 University of Bern # TRIO71mm 71 0.1194 431.7 1.2 4327 22.2 300.0 4.3 63.9 1.1 0.0388 0.0006 3306 56 3205 116 302.7 4.4 National Taiwan University #-------------------- # Variables # PaST_Thesaurus_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/skos/past-thesaurus.rdf # PaST_Thesaurus_Download_Description: Paleoenvironmental Standard Terms (PaST) Thesaurus terms, definitions, and relationships in SKOS format. # # Data variables follow that are preceded by '##' in columns one and two. # Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-var components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, data type, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) # ## depth_mm depth,,,millimeter,,speleothems,,,N,distance from the starting point of high-resolution continuous flow analyses ## age_calBP age,,,calendar year before present,,speleothems,,,N,calculated from depth using age = -8.2386*distance + 3980 ## d13C_vpdb delta 13C,calcium carbonate,,per mil VPDB,,speleothems,raw,isotope ratio mass spectrometry,N, ## d18O_vpdb delta 18O,calcium carbonate,,per mil VPDB,,speleothems,raw,isotope ratio mass spectrometry,N, ## d18O_vsmow delta 18O,calcium carbonate,,per mil VSMOW,,speleothems,raw,isotope ratio mass spectrometry,N, #-------------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing_Values: depth_mm age_calBP d13C_vpdb d18O_vpdb d18O_vsmow -100 4804 -10.3 -7.4 23.3 -86 4689 -10.0 -7.4 23.3 -73 4581 -10.0 -6.9 23.8 -65 4516 -10.0 -7.2 23.4 -62 4491 -10.4 -6.7 24.0 -56 4441 -9.9 -6.8 23.9 -52 4408 -10.2 -6.4 24.3 -43 4334 -9.9 -6.7 24.0 -37 4285 -9.8 -7.2 23.5 -34 4260 -9.7 -7.2 23.5 -26 4194 -10.1 -6.8 23.9 -19 4137 -9.3 -6.9 23.8 -14 4095 -10.1 -7.0 23.7 -6 4029 -9.9 -6.8 23.9 -4 4013 -9.8 -6.5 24.2 -1 3988 -10.1 -7.2 23.5 3 3955 -10.2 -7.1 23.6 6 3931 -9.8 -7.3 23.4 8 3914 -9.9 -7.4 23.3 10 3898 -9.9 -7.4 23.3 14 3865 -9.5 -6.7 24.0 19 3823 -9.3 -7.0 23.7 24 3782 -9.4 -7.0 23.6 28 3749 -9.5 -6.6 24.1 33 3708 -9.9 -6.7 24.0 38 3667 -10.5 -7.5 23.1 41 3642 -10.9 -8.3 22.4 46 3601 -10.7 -7.8 22.9 50 3568 -9.6 -7.9 22.8 54 3535 -10.3 -7.9 22.7 59 3494 -10.2 -8.8 21.8 67 3428 -10.2 -7.8 22.9 71 3395 -10.1 -8.1 22.5 78 3337 -9.1 -6.1 24.6 84 3288 -9.2 -6.8 23.9 91 3230 -9.4 -7.4 23.2 95 3197 -9.3 -7.2 23.5 99 3164 -9.3 -6.8 23.9 106 3107 -9.6 -7.2 23.5 113 3049 -9.8 -6.6 24.1 120 2991 -9.4 -6.3 24.4 128 2925 -10.0 -6.9 23.8 133 2884 -9.3 -6.9 23.8 138 2843 -8.8 -6.9 23.8 142 2810 -9.6 -7.1 23.6 143 2802 -9.6 -6.9 23.8 146 2777 -8.8 -6.6 24.1 158 2678 -8.9 -6.5 24.2 163 2637 -8.5 -6.8 23.9 170 2579 -8.8 -6.9 23.8 176 2530 -9.0 -6.5 24.2 186 2448 -8.6 -6.7 24.0 191 2406 -8.9 -7.2 23.5 201 2324 -8.1 -6.8 23.9 207 2275 -8.4 -6.6 24.1 211 2242 -9.7 -6.7 24.0 216 2200 -10.2 -6.6 24.1 219 2176 -9.9 -6.4 24.3 225 2126 -9.7 -7.2 23.5 229 2093 -9.7 -6.2 24.5 231 2077 -9.6 -7.0 23.7 234.3 2050 -9.4 -7.7 24.0 237.3 2025 -9.4 -7.5 24.1 240.3 2000 -8.9 -8.5 23.1 243.3 1976 -8.4 -8.2 23.4