# Buraca Gloriosa Cave d13C and d18O and Model Output Data from 800 - 2013 CE #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 4.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite original publication, NOAA Landing Page URL, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. # If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, study title, NOAA Landing Page URL, and date accessed. # # Description/Documentation lines begin with '#' followed by a space # Data lines have no '#' # # NOAA_Landing_Page: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/37160 # Landing_Page_Description: NOAA Landing Page of this file's parent study, which includes all study metadata. # # Study_Level_JSON_Metadata: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/json/noaa-cave-37160.json # Study_Level_JSON_Description: JSON metadata of this data file's parent study, which includes all study metadata. # # Data_Type: Speleothems # # Dataset_DOI: 10.25921/pg3x-tp22 # # Science_Keywords: #--------------------------------------- # Resource_Links # # Data_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/europe/portugal/thatcher2022/thatcher2022-bg134_isotope_record.txt # Data_Download_Description: NOAA Template File; BG134 Isotope Record Data # #--------------------------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2022-12-22 #--------------------------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2025-06-23 #--------------------------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Buraca Gloriosa Cave d13C and d18O and Model Output Data from 800 - 2013 CE #--------------------------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Thatcher, Diana #--------------------------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: # Provided Keywords: Stalagmite, Azores High, Hydroclimate, Last millennium, Last MillenniumEnsemble, Paleoclimate #--------------------------------------- # Publication # Authors: D.L. Thatcher, A.D. Wanamaker, R.F. Denniston, C.C. Ummenhofer, Y. Asmerom, V.J. Polyak, N. Cresswell-Clay, F. Hasiuk, J. Haws, D.P. Gillikin # Published_Date_or_Year: 2023-04-01 # Published_Title: Iberian hydroclimate variability and the Azores High during the last 1200 years: Evidence from proxy records and climate model simulations # Journal_Name: Climate Dynamics # Volume: 60 # Edition: # Issue: 7-8 # Pages: 2365–2387 # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1007/s00382-022-06427-6 # Online_Resource: # Full_Citation: # Abstract: The state of the atmospheric circulation and the associated hydroclimate in the North Atlantic during the last millennium remain the subject of considerable debate in both proxy- and model-based studies. Of particular interest in the Iberian region is the Azores High (AH) system, the southern node of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), an atmospheric dipole closely tied to regional hydroclimate. Hydroclimate-sensitive proxy reconstructions from this region offer some insights into atmospheric dynamics, but large spatiotemporal gaps in these data inhibit a robust evaluation of hydroclimate variability. In this study, we present a continuous, sub-decadally-resolved composite stalagmite carbon isotopic record from three partially overlapping stalagmites from Buraca Gloriosa (BG) cave, western Portugal, situated within the center of the AH, that preserves evidence of regional hydroclimate variability from approximately 800 CE to the present. Chronologies are derived from U/Th dating and annual laminae. Stalagmite carbon isotopic values primarily reflect the amount of effective moisture and reveal generally dry conditions during the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA; ~ 850–1250 CE) and Modern Climate/Industrial Era (1850 CE-present), and wetter conditions during the Little Ice Age (LIA; ~ 1400–1850 CE). Multidecadal to centennial variability in the BG record and state-of-the-art last millennium climate model simulations show considerable coherence with precipitation-sensitive records from Spain and Morocco that, like BG, are strongly influenced by the intensity, size, and location of the AH. Model-proxy synthesis suggests that western Portugal was persistently dry during much of the MCA consistent with other NAO reconstructions; however, even considering age uncertainties, the apparent timing in the transition from a relatively dry MCA to a wetter LIA is spatially variable and confirms the non-stationary behavior of the AH system indicated by model output. #--------------------------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: US National Science Foundation # Grant: 1804528, 1804132, 1806025, 1805163, BCS-0455145, BCS-0612923, BCS-1118155, 1804635 #--------------------------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Center for Global and Regional Environmental Research # Grant: #--------------------------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Ocean Climate Change Institute # Grant: #--------------------------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution # Grant: James E. and Barbara V. Moltz Fellowship #--------------------------------------- # Site_Information # Site_Name: Buraca Gloriosa Cave # Location: Portugal # Northernmost_Latitude: 39.53 # Southernmost_Latitude: 39.53 # Easternmost_Longitude: -8.78 # Westernmost_Longitude: -8.78 # Elevation_m: 420 #--------------------------------------- # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: BG134_Isotope_Record # First_Year: 800 # Last_Year: 2013 # Time_Unit: CE # Core_Length_m: # Parameter_Keywords: oxygen isotopes, carbon isotopes # Notes: #--------------------------------------- # Chronology_Information # Chronology: Uranium-Thorium # Chronology_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/templates/noaa-wds-paleo-uth-terms.csv # Chronology_Download_Description: Uranium-Thorium terms and definitions. # Chronology_Notes: U-Th isotopic ratios and 230Th ages for core BG134 # Rejection_Rationale: # 238U_Decay_Constant: 1.55125e-10 # 234U_Decay_Constant: 2.82206e-6 # 230Th_Decay_Constant: 9.1705e-6 # Initial_230Th/232Th: 13.5 ± 6.75 ppm # Initial_230Th/232Th_Method: based on analysis of modern drip water and an isochron at 109 mm from the stalagmite top # Age_Model_Method: # Missing_Values: na # Chronology_Table: # samp_id depth_top_mm 238U_ppb 232Th_ppt d234U_init_permil d234U_init_2s_permil 230Th_238U_act 230Th_238U_act_2s 230Th_232Th_atom_ppm 230Th_232Th_atom_2s_ppm age_uncorr_BM meas_yr age_uncorr_2s_yr age_corr_BM age_corr_CE age_corr_2s_yr # BG134 0.8 91.9 164.0 393.0 3.4 0.0048 0.00167 44 21 376 2013 132 262 1751 148 # BG134 2 104.9 1176.7 376.3 1.4 0.0093 0.00126 14 2 738 2013 101 8 2005 379 # BG134 8 79.7 82.1 363.1 1.4 0.0114 0.00097 166 66 915 2013 78 847 1166 88 # BG134 9 66.5 147.8 364.9 3.5 0.0146 0.00222 109 41 1177 2013 179 1032 981 199 # BG134 17 90.3 157.7 376.4 1.4 0.0175 0.00126 182 47 1400 2013 101 1287 726 120 # BG134 29 101.7 296.4 382.0 2.4 0.0272 0.00148 154 29 2173 2013 119 1985 28 155 # BG134 31 95.3 102.2 397.8 1.4 0.0250 0.00132 385 176 1971 2013 105 1902 111 114 #--------------------------------------- # Variables # PaST_Thesaurus_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/skos/past-thesaurus.rdf # PaST_Thesaurus_Download_Description: Paleoenvironmental Standard Terms (PaST) Thesaurus terms, definitions, and relationships in SKOS format. # # Data variables follow that are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-var components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, data type, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) # ## age_CE age,,,year Common Era,,speleothems,,,N, ## d13C_VPDB delta 13C,calcite,,per mil VPDB,,speleothems,,isotope ratio mass spectrometry,N,core BG134 ## d18O_VPDB delta 18O,calcite,,per mil VPDB,,speleothems,,isotope ratio mass spectrometry,N,core BG134 #------------------------ # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing_Values: age_CE d13C_VPDB 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