Chilibrillo Cave, Panama Speleothem Stable Isotope Data --------------------------------------------------------------------- NOAA Paleoclimatology Program and World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder --------------------------------------------------------------------- NOTE: PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL REFERENCE WHEN USING THIS DATA!!!!! NAME OF DATA SET: Chilibrillo Cave, Panama Speleothem Stable Isotope Data LAST UPDATE: 10/2004 (Original Receipt by WDC Paleo) CONTRIBUTOR: Matthew Lachniet, University of Nevada, Las Vegas IGBP PAGES/WDCA CONTRIBUTION SERIES NUMBER: 2004-061 SUGGESTED DATA CITATION: Lachniet, M.S., et al.. 2004. Chilibrillo Cave, Panama Speleothem Stable Isotope Data. IGBP PAGES/World Data Center for Paleoclimatology Data Contribution Series #2004-061. NOAA/NGDC Paleoclimatology Program, Boulder CO, USA. ORIGINAL REFERENCE: Lachniet, M.S., S.J. Burns, D.R. Piperno, Y. Asmerom, V.J. Polyak, C.M. Moy, and K. Christenson. 2004. A 1500-year El Niņo/Southern Oscillation and rainfall history for the Isthmus of Panama from speleothem calcite. Journal of Geophysical Research, Atmospheres, Vol. 109, D20117, doi:10.1029/2004JD004694. GEOGRAPHIC REGION: Central America PERIOD OF RECORD: 2180-690 yr BP ABSTRACT: The effect of the El Niņo/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on tropical rainfall variations of the past two millennia is largely unknown. High-resolution monsoon records are sparse, despite the role of ENSO in generating global hydrologic anomalies in modern climate. To investigate the relationship between ENSO and the Central American Monsoon, we generated a high-resolution (~2.9 yr/sample) oxygen-isotope monsoon rainfall record from a U/Th-dated stalagmite (180 B.C. to 1310 A.D.) from the Isthmus of Panama. We present evidence for a weakened monsoon during the "High Medieval" (1100 - 1200 A.D.) and the Classic Maya Collapse (750 - 950 A.D.). Rainfall decreased and was more variable after 550 A.D., and the period 900 - 1310 A.D. was drier than the preceding millennium. A weaker monsoon corresponds with increased El Niņo variability, and our data display statistical variance in the ENSO band. We conclude that ENSO variation has forced isthmian rainfall and may have contributed to hemispheric climatic anomalies at this time. DESCRIPTION: Stable oxygen and carbon isotope values for a U-Th-dated stalagmite from Chilibrillo Cave, Panama, 9.2N, 79.7W, 60m. elevation. DATA: Column 1: Distance from base (mm) Column 2: Age (yr BP, 1950 AD) Column 3: d13C (permil VPDB) Column 4: d18O (permil VPDB) Dist. Age d13C d18O 0 2179.5 -8.86 -6.73 1 2175.7 -8.74 -6.64 2 2172 -9.39 -6.88 3 2168.2 -8.77 -6.5 4 2164.5 -8.47 -6.17 5 2160.7 -9.88 -6.82 6 2157 -10.1 -6.66 7 2153.2 -10.24 -6.71 8 2149.5 -10.4 -6.7 9 2145.7 -10.27 -6.81 10 2141.9 -10.19 -6.73 11 2138.2 -10.21 -6.73 12 2134.4 -10.21 -6.72 13 2130.6 -10.26 -6.76 14 2126.9 -10.22 -6.64 15 2123.1 -10.08 -6.8 16 2119.3 -10.24 -6.73 17 2115.5 -10.32 -6.68 18 2111.7 -10.1 -6.57 19 2108 -10.05 -6.57 20 2104.2 -9.95 -6.4 21 2100.4 -10.41 -6.61 23 2092.8 -9.22 -6.35 24 2089 -9.65 -6.4 25 2085.2 -9.97 -6.43 26 2081.4 -10.36 -6.54 27 2077.6 -10.44 -6.56 28 2073.8 -10.49 -6.51 29 2070 -10.34 -6.44 30 2066.2 -10.15 -6.59 31 2062.4 -10.06 -6.48 32 2058.6 -10.26 -6.62 32 2058.6 -10.35 -6.55 33 2054.8 -10.1 -6.36 34 2051 -10.24 -6.49 35 2047.2 -10.28 -6.78 36 2043.4 -9.88 -6.25 37 2039.6 -10.07 -6.6 38 2035.8 -9.95 -6.47 40 2028.2 -10.2 -6.43 41 2024.3 -9.79 -6.17 42 2020.5 -9.6 -6.04 43 2016.7 -9.66 -6.19 44 2012.9 -9.94 -6.36 45 2009.1 -9.71 -6.18 46 2005.2 -9.75 -6.25 47 2001.4 -9.71 -6.27 48 1997.6 -9.72 -6.36 49 1993.8 -9.45 -6.13 50 1990 -9.49 -6.29 51 1986.1 -9.41 -6.14 52 1982.3 -9.69 -6.37 53 1978.5 -9.18 -6.11 54 1974.6 -9.21 -6.24 55 1970.8 -8.57 -5.83 56 1967 -9.14 -6.18 57 1963.2 -9.5 -6.1 58 1959.3 -7.84 -5.29 59 1955.5 -9.3 -6.13 60 1951.7 -8.54 -5.77 61 1947.8 -8.62 -5.82 62 1944 -9.25 -6.13 63 1940.2 -8.65 -5.8 64 1936.3 -8.34 -6.07 65 1932.5 -7.51 -5.76 66 1928.6 -7.59 -5.97 67 1924.8 -7.35 -5.9 68 1921 -7.33 -5.94 69 1917.1 -7.01 -5.74 70 1913.3 -6.96 -5.88 71 1909.5 -6.48 -5.51 72 1905.6 -7.04 -5.86 73 1901.8 -6.52 -5.55 74 1898 -6.73 -5.79 75 1894.1 -6.61 -6.09 76 1890.3 -6.62 -6.08 77 1886.4 -6.48 -6.03 78 1882.6 -6.04 -5.86 79 1878.8 -6.69 -6.3 80 1874.9 -6.77 -6.33 81 1871.1 -6.31 -6.06 82 1867.3 -5.62 -5.5 83 1863.4 -5.49 -5.73 84 1859.6 -5.79 -5.67 85 1855.8 -5.95 -5.89 86 1851.9 -5.56 -5.53 87 1848.1 -6.01 -5.85 88 1844.2 -6.06 -5.53 89 1840.4 -5.83 -5.88 90 1836.6 -6.08 -5.66 91 1832.7 -5.9 -6.16 92 1828.9 -5.85 -6.16 93 1825.1 -6.19 -6.08 94 1821.2 -6.24 -6.24 95 1817.4 -5.77 -6.08 96 1813.6 -5.49 -6.02 97 1809.7 -5.12 -5.8 98 1805.9 -6.04 -5.92 99 1802.1 -3.21 -4.75 100 1798.3 -5.23 -5.5 101 1794.4 -5.01 -5.88 102 1790.6 -5.65 -5.88 103 1786.8 -5.23 -5.89 104 1783 -5.01 -5.46 105 1779.1 -4.84 -5.63 106 1775.3 -5.53 -5.92 107 1771.5 -4.32 -5.53 108 1767.7 -5.61 -5.86 109 1763.8 -6.08 -6.1 110 1760 -5.56 -5.89 111 1756.2 -4.4 -5.4 112 1752.4 -4.9 -5.43 113 1748.6 -5.29 -5.8 114 1744.8 -6 -5.99 115 1740.9 -5.63 -6.11 116 1737.1 -5.99 -6.08 117 1733.3 -5.98 -6.2 118 1729.5 -6.09 -6.27 119 1725.7 -6.13 -6.37 120 1721.9 -5.95 -6.24 121 1718.1 -5.59 -6.12 122 1714.3 -5.28 -5.69 123 1710.5 -4.73 -5.31 124 1706.7 -4.52 -5.52 125 1702.9 -5.58 -5.92 126 1699.1 -4.95 -5.55 127 1695.3 -3.69 -4.86 128 1691.5 -4.61 -5.66 129 1687.7 -4.22 -5.49 130 1683.9 -5.16 -5.78 131 1680.1 -5.36 -5.64 132 1676.3 -5.42 -5.97 133 1672.5 -5.83 -5.82 134 1668.8 -5.79 -6.2 135 1665 -5.49 -6.11 136 1661.2 -5.45 -5.95 137 1657.4 -5.65 -6.06 138 1653.6 -5.58 -6.08 139 1649.9 -5.98 -6.08 140 1646.1 -6.01 -6.5 141 1642.3 -5.21 -5.56 142 1638.6 -5.7 -6.15 143 1634.8 -6.12 -6.37 144 1631 -6.04 -6.47 145 1627.3 -5.78 -5.55 146 1623.5 -5.69 -6.03 147 1619.8 -5.55 -5.9 148 1616 -5.95 -6.19 149 1612.3 -6.17 -6.53 150 1608.5 -5.85 -6.3 151 1604.8 -5.77 -6.22 152 1601 -6.08 -6.25 153 1597.3 -5.97 -5.91 154 1593.5 -5.94 -6.13 155 1589.8 -6.09 -6.19 156 1586.1 -6.11 -6.43 157 1582.3 -6.06 -6.28 158 1578.6 -5.98 -6.4 159 1574.9 -5.81 -6.08 160 1571.1 -5.71 -6.2 161 1567.4 -5.67 -6.25 162 1563.7 -5.78 -6.21 163 1560 -5.95 -6.21 164 1556.3 -6.09 -6.31 165 1552.6 -5.77 -6.15 166 1548.9 -5.42 -5.7 167 1545.2 -5.95 -6.16 168 1541.5 -6.04 -6.12 169 1537.8 -5.65 -5.84 170 1534.1 -5.98 -6.1 171 1530.4 -5.9 -5.82 172 1526.7 -5.47 -5.87 173 1523 -5.98 -5.59 174 1519.3 -6.02 -5.91 175 1515.6 -6.11 -6.35 176 1512 -6.23 -5.85 178 1504.6 -5.67 -5.9 179 1501 -5.83 -5.7 180 1497.3 -5.95 -6.17 181 1493.6 -5.43 -5.71 182 1490 -5.87 -5.96 183 1486.3 -6.35 -6.25 184 1482.7 -6.08 -6.26 185 1479 -6.17 -6.1 186 1475.4 -5.54 -5.38 187 1471.8 -6.2 -6.06 188 1468.1 -6.09 -5.58 189 1464.5 -6.3 -5.9 190 1460.9 -6.07 -5.46 191 1457.2 -6.06 -5.91 192 1453.6 -6.25 -5.87 193 1450 -6.1 -5.82 194 1446.4 -6.04 -5.71 195 1442.8 -6.03 -5.69 196 1439.2 -5.55 -5.21 197 1435.6 -4.96 -4.92 198 1432 -4.83 -4.76 199 1428.4 -4.58 -4.81 200 1424.8 -4.91 -4.8 201 1421.2 -4.82 -4.95 202 1417.6 -5.29 -4.83 203 1414.1 -4.06 -4.11 204 1410.5 -4.13 -4.11 205 1406.9 -3.64 -4.35 206 1403.4 -3.83 -4.13 207 1399.8 -3.79 -4.11 208 1396.2 -5.78 -4.88 209 1392.7 -5.91 -5.23 210 1389.2 -6.56 -5.2 211 1385.6 -5.96 -5.47 212 1382.1 -6.2 -5.42 213 1378.5 -5.59 -5.63 214 1375 -5.65 -5.35 215 1371.5 -3.95 -4.42 216 1368 -5.44 -5.48 218 1360.9 -4.56 -5.3 219 1357.4 -5.86 -6.09 220 1353.9 -4.65 -4.97 221 1350.4 -4.37 -5.55 222 1347 -5.19 -5.93 223 1343.5 -4.46 -5.4 224 1340 -5.61 -6.21 225 1336.5 -4.76 -5.73 226 1333 -5.65 -5.76 227 1329.6 -4.97 -5.77 228 1326.1 -4.26 -5.2 229 1322.7 -4.52 -5.42 230 1319.2 -3.77 -4.75 231 1315.8 -4.2 -5.4 232 1312.3 -4.36 -5.49 233 1308.9 -4.05 -5.53 234 1305.4 -2.9 -4.56 235 1302 -3.33 -5.19 236 1298.6 -4.19 -5.41 237 1295.2 -4.51 -5.64 238 1291.8 -4.65 -5.43 239 1288.4 -4.18 -5.42 240 1285 -4.71 -5.63 241 1281.6 -3.47 -5 242 1278.2 -3.91 -5.1 243 1274.8 -3.67 -5.24 244 1271.4 -4.52 -5.73 245 1268.1 -5.04 -5.98 246 1264.7 -5.17 -5.95 247 1261.3 -4.67 -5.68 248 1258 -3.93 -5.08 249 1254.6 -3.63 -5.2 250 1251.3 -3.96 -5.22 251 1247.9 -4.57 -5.7 252 1244.6 -4.81 -5.55 253 1241.3 -4.98 -5.9 254 1238 -4.1 -5.02 255 1234.6 -4.06 -5.67 256 1231.3 -4.21 -5.64 257 1228 -4.58 -6.15 258 1224.7 -3.38 -5.24 259 1221.4 -3.09 -5.44 260 1218.2 -3.31 -5.13 261 1214.9 -2.97 -5.14 262 1211.6 -3.07 -4.6 263 1208.3 -2.81 -5.02 264 1205.1 -2.99 -4.82 265 1201.8 -2.36 -4.71 266 1198.6 -2.7 -4.45 267 1195.3 -4.38 -5.7 268 1192.1 -4 -5.15 269 1188.9 -4.12 -5.39 270 1185.6 -2.67 -4.37 271 1182.4 -2.95 -4.75 272 1179.2 -3.63 -4.59 273 1176 -4.42 -5.46 274 1172.8 -4.55 -5.58 275 1169.6 -3.81 -6.01 276 1166.4 -4.3 -6 277 1163.3 -4.29 -6.31 278 1160.1 -4.59 -6.1 279 1156.9 -3.94 -6.1 280 1153.8 -3.3 -5.64 281 1150.6 -4.35 -6.09 282 1147.5 -3.68 -5.72 283 1144.3 -3.64 -5.54 284 1141.2 -3.53 -5.6 285 1138.1 -3.91 -5.96 286 1135 -3.71 -5.54 287 1131.8 -3.47 -5.83 288 1128.7 -3.33 -5.24 289 1125.6 -3.55 -5.85 290 1122.6 -3.76 -5.63 291 1119.5 -3.63 -5.84 292 1116.4 -3.98 -5.76 293 1113.3 -3.52 -5.8 294 1110.3 -3.12 -5.31 295 1107.2 -3.25 -5.74 296 1104.2 -3.5 -5.59 297 1101.1 -3.71 -6.1 298 1098.1 -3.49 -5.84 299 1095.1 -3.62 -6.07 300 1092.1 -3.58 -5.74 301 1089 -2.42 -5.37 302 1086 -2.89 -5.2 303 1083 -3.21 -5.67 304 1080.1 -3.73 -5.51 305 1077.1 -3.47 -5.7 306 1074.1 -2.95 -5.21 307 1071.1 -3.21 -5.67 308 1068.2 -1.34 -4.61 309 1065.2 -2.59 -5.69 310 1062.3 -2.79 -5.27 311 1059.3 -2.58 -5.58 312 1056.4 -2.98 -5.48 313 1053.5 -2.72 -5.84 314 1050.6 -2.72 -5.43 315 1047.7 -2.65 -5.62 316 1044.8 -1.35 -4.53 317 1041.9 -1.59 -4.89 318 1039 -0.55 -4.06 319 1036.1 -1.05 -4.72 320 1033.3 -0.7 -4.21 321 1030.4 -1.47 -4.95 322 1027.6 -0.12 -3.93 323 1024.7 -2.42 -5.59 324 1021.9 -1.15 -4.51 325 1019.1 -1.44 -5.06 326 1016.3 -1.27 -4.43 327 1013.5 -1.5 -4.96 328 1010.7 -2.43 -5.1 329 1007.9 -2.27 -5.34 330 1005.1 -2.66 -5.03 331 1002.3 -3.12 -5.77 332 999.5 -3.21 -5.38 333 996.8 -3.2 -5.9 334 994 -3.2 -5.59 335 991.3 -2.34 -5.79 336 988.6 -2.41 -5.32 337 985.8 -2.88 -5.96 338 983.1 -3.23 -5.93 339 980.4 -2.07 -5.69 340 977.7 -2.56 -5.54 341 975 -2.72 -5.83 342 972.4 -2.05 -5.15 343 969.7 -2.86 -6.09 344 967 -3.39 -5.78 345 964.4 -2.38 -5.56 346 961.7 -1.65 -4.92 347 959.1 -1.56 -5.24 348 956.5 -0.52 -4.33 349 953.8 -2.1 -5.3 350 951.2 -2.37 -5.22 351 948.6 -2.88 -5.62 355 938.3 -2.83 -4.91 356 935.8 -2.18 -4.21 357 933.2 -2.36 -4.53 358 930.7 -2.04 -4.07 359 928.2 -2.04 -4.23 360 925.6 -2.98 -4.59 361 923.1 -3.63 -5.13 362 920.6 -3.28 -4.82 363 918.1 -3.33 -4.9 364 915.7 -2.77 -4.45 365 913.2 -2.9 -4.77 366 910.7 -3.05 -4.61 367 908.3 -3.24 -5.07 368 905.8 -3.21 -4.74 369 903.4 -2.91 -4.92 370 901 -3.03 -4.77 371 898.6 -3.19 -5.09 372 896.2 -3.3 -4.91 373 893.8 -3.32 -5.19 374 891.4 -3.48 -5.1 375 889 -3.38 -5.3 376 886.7 -2.84 -5.02 377 884.3 -3.04 -5.16 378 882 -2.83 -4.95 379 879.6 -2.69 -5.08 380 877.3 -2.51 -4.92 381 875 -2.37 -5.05 382 872.7 -2.84 -5.06 383 870.4 -2.15 -4.99 384 868.1 -2.34 -4.81 385 865.8 -2.24 -5.1 386 863.6 -1.99 -4.86 387 861.3 -0.17 -4.15 388 859.1 -1.71 -4.81 389 856.8 -2.08 -4.95 390 854.6 -2.34 -4.84 391 852.4 -2.03 -5.01 392 850.2 -2.21 -4.83 393 848 -2.26 -5.08 394 845.8 -1.19 -4.14 395 843.7 -1.37 -4.63 396 841.5 -2.45 -5.02 397 839.3 -2.63 -5.07 398 837.2 -2.46 -4.54 399 835.1 -1.83 -4.53 400 833 -2.68 -5.1 401 830.8 -2.6 -5.2 402 828.8 -2.02 -4.51 403 826.7 0.02 -3.92 404 824.6 -1.54 -4.57 405 822.5 -1.35 -4.87 406 820.5 -1.56 -4.6 407 818.4 -1.35 -4.83 408 816.4 -1.45 -4.44 409 814.4 -2.83 -5.42 410 812.4 -1.79 -4.6 411 810.4 -1.52 -4.76 412 808.4 -1.39 -4.31 413 806.4 -1.22 -4.54 414 804.4 -1.37 -4.53 415 802.5 -1.29 -4.51 416 800.5 -1.36 -4.4 417 798.6 -1.92 -4.85 418 796.7 -2.71 -5.18 419 794.8 -2.52 -5.31 420 792.9 -2.37 -4.95 421 791 -2.4 -5.15 422 789.1 -1.43 -4.39 423 787.2 -1.77 -4.53 424 785.4 -2.15 -4.68 425 783.6 -2.62 -5.14 426 781.7 -2.98 -5.04 427 779.9 -3.07 -5.45 428 778.1 -2.96 -5.38 429 776.3 -3.32 -5.62 430 774.5 -3.32 -5.13 431 772.7 -2.69 -5.19 432 771 -3.27 -5.22 433 769.2 -2.7 -5.32 434 767.5 -2.47 -4.88 435 765.8 -2.46 -5.44 436 764.1 -1.12 -4.46 437 762.4 -2.38 -5.32 438 760.7 -2.74 -5.47 439 759 -2.97 -5.64 440 757.3 -1.51 -4.63 441 755.7 -2.62 -5.72 442 754 -3.1 -5.64 443 752.4 -2.08 -5.37 444 750.8 -2.95 -5.8 445 749.2 -2.39 -5.39 446 747.6 -2.56 -5.12 447 746 -2.26 -5.18 448 744.4 -2.34 -5.23 449 742.9 -2.11 -4.89 450 741.3 -1.5 -4.51 451 739.8 -1.92 -5.07 452 738.3 -2.17 -5.21 453 736.8 -2.19 -5.33 454 735.3 -0.64 -4.05 455 733.8 -1.78 -4.78 456 732.3 -1.52 -4.3 457 730.9 -1.31 -4.55 458 729.4 -1.39 -4.54 459 728 -1.67 -4.81 460 726.6 -1.69 -4.67 461 725.2 -1.66 -4.89 462 723.8 -2.09 -4.96 463 722.4 -1.55 -4.59 464 721 -1.31 -4.15 465 719.6 -2.01 -4.89 466 718.3 -0.99 -4.44 467 717 -1.29 -4.95 468 715.7 -1.5 -4.91 470 713.1 -1.45 -4.6 471 711.8 -1.7 -4.96 472 710.5 -1.36 -4.47 473 709.3 -1.06 -4.69 474 708 -1.54 -5.14 475 706.8 -1.45 -5.28 476 705.6 -1.51 -5.25 477 704.4 -2.03 -5.7 478 703.2 -1.1 -5.2 479 702 -1.29 -5.47 480 700.9 -0.73 -4.68 481 699.7 -0.12 -4.56 482 698.6 -1.53 -5.14 483 697.5 0.15 -4.58 484 696.3 -0.66 -4.68 485 695.2 -0.59 -5.02 486 694.2 -0.71 -4.9 487 693.1 -0.79 -5.02 488 692 -0.23 -4.63 489 691 -1.01 -5.12 490 690 -1.19 -5.22