# Devils Hole 2, Nevada 350,000 Year Water Table Fluctuations #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 3.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/25690 # Description: NOAA Landing Page # Online_Resource: https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/northamerica/usa/nevada/devilshole2watertable.txt # Description: NOAA location of the template # # Original_Source_URL: # Description: # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Archive: Speleothems # # Dataset DOI: 10.25921/pwvx-6275 # # Parameter_Keywords: age control #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2018-11-09 #-------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2022-06-14 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Devils Hole 2, Nevada 350,000 Year Water Table Fluctuations #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Wendt, K.A.; Dublyansky, Y.V.; Moseley, G.E.; Edwards, R.L.; Cheng, H.; Spötl, C. #-------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: Ages of petrographic boundaries that indicate increasing, decreasing, or brief rises in the water-table of Devils Hole 2 cave, # Death Valley National Park, Nevada, USA. # See text for full description of boundary interpretations. U-Th dated petrographic boundaries of sampled calcite cores. # Provided Keywords: speleothems, water table, Devils Hole 2 # Note: This file corrected 1 February 2019 and updated with data table 14 June 2022. # Figures 2, 3, and 4 of the published paper show data from Szabo et al. 1994 that are available as NOAA/WDS-Paleo study 36578. #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Kathleen A. Wendt, Yuri V. Dublyansky, Gina E. Moseley, R. Lawrence Edwards, Hai Cheng, and Christoph Spötl # Published_Date_or_Year: 2018-10-24 # Published_Title: Moisture availability in the southwest United States over the last three glacial-interglacial cycles # Journal_Name: Science Advances # Volume: 4 # Edition: eaau1375 # Issue: 10 # Pages: # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aau1375 # Online_Resource: http://advances.sciencemag.org/content/4/10/eaau1375 # Full_Citation: # Abstract: The projected long-term drying of the southwest (SW) United States in response to climate warming raises a sobering alarm for this already water-limited region, yet the climatic controls on moisture availability over longer time scales remain a topic of debate. Here, we present a 350,000-year record of past water table fluctuations in Devils Hole 2 cave that are driven by variations in recharge amount to the local groundwater flow system. Because of the unprecedented length and precision of our record, we can observe variations in regional moisture availability over the last three glacial-interglacial cycles at a millennial-scale resolution. The timing of past water table rises and falls (>9 m in amplitude) closely coincides with the expansion and reduction of Northern Hemisphere ice volume, which in turn influences the position and intensity of westerly winter storms on orbital time scales. Superimposed on this long-term trend are millennial-scale highstands recorded during the last glaciation that coincide with North Atlantic Heinrich events. Earlier millennial-scale highstands provide the first evidence of multiple short-lived wet periods in the SW United States linked to coeval cooling intervals in the North Atlantic during marine isotope stages 6 and 8. The Devils Hole 2 water table record is currently the longest independently dated paleomoisture record in the SW United States and thus provides a critical testbed to examine the controls on regional moisture availability over larger time scales. #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Austrian Science Fund (FWF) # Grant: FP263050, T710-NBL #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: US National Science Foundation # Grant: 1602940 #------------------ # Site_Information # Site_Name: Devils Hole 2 # Location: North America>United States Of America>Nevada # Country: United States Of America # Northernmost_Latitude: 36.416 # Southernmost_Latitude: 36.416 # Easternmost_Longitude: -116.283 # Westernmost_Longitude: -116.283 # Elevation: 719 m #------------------ # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: DevilsHole2O-H # Earliest_Year: 350000 # Most_Recent_Year: 0 # Time_Unit: Cal. Year BP # Core_Length: # Notes: #------------------ # Chronology_Information # Chronology: Uranium-Thorium # Chronology_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/templates/noaa-wds-paleo-uth-terms.csv # Chronology_Download_Description: Uranium-Thorium terms and definitions. # Chronology_Notes: Analytical errors are 2s of the mean. Notes field is elevation above present water table. d234U initial values were back-calculated based on respective U-Th corrected age. # 238U_Decay_Constant: 1.55125e[-10]/year # 234U_Decay_Constant: 2.82206e[-6]/year # 230Th_Decay_Constant: 9.1705e[-6]/year # Initial_230Th/232Th: 4.4 ppm +/- 2.2 ppm # Initial_230Th/232Th_Method: Values represent material at secular equilibrium, with the crustal 232Th/238U value of 3.8. # Missing_Values: na # Chronology_Table: # samp_id notes depth_top_mm material_dated 238U_ppb 238U_2s_ppb 232Th_ppt 232Th_2s_ppt 230Th_232Th_atom_ppm 230Th_232Th_atom_2s_ppm d234U_meas_permil d234U_meas_2s_permil 230Th_238U_act 230Th_238U_act_2s age_uncorr_BM age_uncorr_2s_yr age_corr_BM age_corr_2s_yr d234U_init_permil d234U_init_2s_permil age_corr_BP1950 age_corr_2s_yr # Core O 0 0.5 Folia Calcite na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core O 0 7.9 Calcite layers too thin to date na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core O 0 8.5 Folia Calcite na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core O 0 17.6 Calcite layers too thin to date na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core O 0 21 Folia Calcite na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core O 0 21.5 Mammillary Calcite 1516.4 4.2 1394 33 841 25 1746.5 4.1 0.0469 0.0008 1876 34 1866 35 1756 4 1800 35 # Core O 0 30 Folia Calcite na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core O 0 31 Mammillary Calcite 37602.3 50.8 105450 2115 419 9 1745.2 2.5 0.0712 0.0003 2859 13 2830 25 1759 3 2764 25 # Core O 0 42 Folia Calcite na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core O 0 44 Undatable calcite layer na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core O 0 138 Folia Calcite na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core O 0 139 Mammillary Calcite 18923.3 3.3 24 3 2035236 289622 1163.5 2.4 1.5668 0.0031 120428 451 120428 451 1634 4 120361 451 # Core O 0 142 Mammillary Calcite 668.8 1.0 543 19 32539 1117 1118.5 2.2 1.6010 0.0036 129555 543 129546 543 1612 4 129480 543 # Core O 0 145 Mammillary Calcite 471.1 0.5 1137 24 11598 245 1171.8 2.2 1.6981 0.0028 136928 473 136902 473 1724 4 136836 473 # Core E 0.8 0.3 Folia Calcite na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core E 0.8 0.4 Mammillary Calcite 1526.4 2.1 2557 52 1392 28 1713.5 2.4 0.1414 0.0004 5806 16 5788 21 1742 2 5723 21 # Core E 0.8 5.4 Mammillary Calcite 1512.9 2.1 1241 25 3058 62 1728.4 2.6 0.1522 0.0003 6223 15 6214 16 1759 3 6149 16 # Core E 0.8 9.9 Mammillary Calcite 1521.2 2.0 2025 41 2177 44 1715.7 2.3 0.1757 0.0004 7247 17 7233 20 1751 2 7168 20 # Core E 0.8 81.4 Mammillary Calcite 948.3 1.0 293 7 82839 2036 1187.5 2.0 1.5515 0.0024 116313 339 116310 339 1649 3 116245 339 # Core E 0.8 89.9 Folia Calcite na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core E 0.8 91.9 Mammillary Calcite 1694.0 2.8 93 5 463452 22717 1152.9 2.5 1.5361 0.0037 117615 508 117614 508 1607 4 117549 508 # Core E 0.8 96.9 Mammillary Calcite 549.0 0.5 105 3 137978 4298 1191.4 1.8 1.5987 0.0024 121709 349 121707 349 1680 3 121642 349 # Core E 0.8 98.9 Mammillary Calcite 562.0 0.6 1021 21 14573 296 1122.8 2.1 1.6061 0.0028 129762 449 129742 449 1619 4 129677 449 # Core E 0.8 222.4 Folia Calcite na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core E 0.8 222.9 Mammillary Calcite 1619.3 2.6 22 3 2275966 318718 961.5 2.1 1.8877 0.0036 212974 1183 212973 1183 1754 7 212907 1183 # Core E 0.8 248.2 Mammillary Calcite 471.7 0.5 7316 147 2029 41 930.2 2.2 1.9082 0.0029 229297 1215 229133 1219 1776 7 229068 1219 # Core E 0.8 285.4 Folia Calcite na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core D 1.8 0 Mammillary Calcite 1906.5 2.0 10850 218 356 7 1716.9 2.4 0.1228 0.0003 5021 15 4961 45 1741 2 4896 45 # Core D 1.8 0.9 Mammillary Calcite 1718.3 3.6 4574 100 1203 28 1713.2 2.4 0.1942 0.0017 8038 72 8010 75 1752 2 7945 75 # Core D 1.8 2.3 Mammillary Calcite 1502.4 1.6 16147 324 303 6 1707.5 2.8 0.1977 0.0005 8205 23 8091 84 1747 3 8026 84 # Core D 1.8 65.4 Mammillary Calcite 425.8 0.4 9407 188 1139 23 1257.9 2.1 1.5265 0.0028 107590 338 107352 377 1703 3 107287 377 # Core D 1.8 69.4 Mammillary Calcite 415.8 0.4 244 7 43463 1223 1236.7 2.0 1.5470 0.0028 111552 356 111545 356 1694 3 111480 356 # Core D 1.8 77.7 Mammillary Calcite 602.4 0.7 123 7 126477 7194 1204.8 2.2 1.5630 0.0031 116139 415 116137 415 1672 4 116072 415 # Core D 1.8 95.1 Folia Calcite na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core D 1.8 97.4 Mammillary Calcite 1054.4 1.3 91 3 297873 8494 1153.2 2.3 1.5671 0.0027 121465 411 121464 411 1625 4 121404 411 # Core D 1.8 99.4 Mammillary Calcite 511.3 0.4 72 3 185162 6478 1163.2 1.7 1.5864 0.0020 122928 304 122926 304 1646 3 122861 304 # Core D 1.8 101.4 Mammillary Calcite 564.0 0.6 533 11 27891 595 1123.2 2.1 1.5995 0.0026 128826 421 128816 421 1616 4 128751 421 # Core D 1.8 155.4 Mammillary Calcite 407.6 0.4 1837 37 6946 140 1024.8 2.2 1.8987 0.0031 198544 936 198497 937 1794 6 198437 937 # Core D 1.8 158.4 Mammillary Calcite 430.3 0.3 1879 38 7208 146 1012.1 1.9 1.9092 0.0030 204412 918 204366 918 1802 6 204301 918 # Core D 1.8 169.8 Mammillary Calcite 852.5 1.6 3347 68 8042 164 970.5 2.6 1.9151 0.0062 217974 1966 217932 1966 1795 11 217867 1966 # Core D 1.8 187.4 Folia Calcite na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core D 1.8 192.6 Mammillary Calcite 424.7 0.5 1979 40 6722 137 957.2 1.9 1.9002 0.0040 217856 1307 217806 1307 1770 7 217741 1307 # Core D 1.8 203.6 Mammillary Calcite 521.1 0.7 7272 146 2232 45 939.2 2.1 1.8889 0.0051 220263 1678 220115 1680 1748 9 220050 1680 # Core D 1.8 208.6 Mammillary Calcite 407.6 0.5 3180 64 3992 81 921.7 2.2 1.8891 0.0044 226235 1571 226151 1571 1745 9 226086 1571 # Core D 1.8 229 Folia Calcite na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core D 1.8 230 Mammillary Calcite 506.4 0.6 2367 48 6666 136 889.0 2.0 1.8893 0.0043 238447 1711 238397 1711 1742 9 238332 1711 # Core D 1.8 231.6 Mammillary Calcite 498.7 0.6 4419 89 3498 70 878.3 2.0 1.8797 0.0036 239347 1541 239252 1541 1725 8 239187 1541 # Core D 1.8 233.4 Mammillary Calcite 551.0 0.6 9039 181 1907 38 872.3 2.1 1.8972 0.0029 248412 1476 248238 1479 1757 9 248178 1479 # Core D 1.8 300 Mammillary Calcite 153.9 0.1 276 8 16777 512 692.4 1.8 1.8259 0.0041 327802 3779 327781 3778 1746 19 327716 3778 # Core F 3.1 3 Folia Calcite na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core F 3.1 3.2 Mammillary Calcite 1419.0 3.3 1187 25 4571 97 1686.7 3.1 0.2320 0.0009 9760 43 9751 43 1734 3 9685 43 # Core F 3.1 7 Mammillary Calcite 449.4 0.3 10196 204 476 10 1674.4 2.3 0.6549 0.0018 29744 97 29509 192 1820 3 29443 192 # Core F 3.1 12 Mammillary Calcite 450.0 0.3 5073 102 1467 30 1576.9 2.2 1.0030 0.0025 50965 162 50849 182 1820 3 50783 182 # Core F 3.1 49 Mammillary Calcite 366.4 0.4 542 11 17312 353 1976.4 2.9 1.5521 0.0023 73326 172 73313 173 2431 4 73246 173 # Core F 3.1 73 Folia Calcite na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core F 3.1 75 Mammillary Calcite 411.5 0.4 197 7 53155 1975 1781.6 2.6 1.5399 0.0025 79658 202 79654 202 2231 3 79588 202 # Core F 3.1 79 Mammillary Calcite 381.4 0.3 678 15 14183 306 1255.9 2.3 1.5297 0.0035 108098 418 108079 418 1704 4 108013 418 # Core F 3.1 85 Mammillary Calcite 411.7 0.3 415 10 25210 624 1232.5 2.2 1.5428 0.0027 111425 354 111414 354 1688 3 111348 354 # Core F 3.1 90.9 Mammillary Calcite na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core F 3.1 111 Folia Calcite na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core F 3.1 112 Mammillary Calcite 1767.7 3.8 28 9 1660512 549231 1143.8 2.4 1.5776 0.0052 123741 714 123740 714 1622 5 123674 714 # Core F 3.1 118.5 Mammillary Calcite 562.9 0.6 1444 29 10365 209 1127.3 2.0 1.6124 0.0029 130129 454 130100 454 1627 4 130034 454 # Core F 3.1 121.5 Mammillary Calcite 542.4 0.6 1092 22 14125 285 1166.5 2.1 1.7245 0.0026 141340 455 141319 455 1738 4 141253 455 # Core F 3.1 186.5 Folia Calcite na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core F 3.1 213 Mammillary Calcite 444.9 0.6 948 21 14742 326 953.5 2.1 1.9057 0.0048 220612 1570 220589 1570 1777 9 220523 1570 # Core F 3.1 248 Folia Calcite na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core F 3.1 248.5 Mammillary Calcite 491.9 0.6 3402 68 4517 91 881.5 2.3 1.8950 0.0043 243578 1864 243505 1864 1752 10 243439 1864 # Core F 3.1 279 Mammillary Calcite 243.1 0.2 4069 82 1839 37 755.7 1.9 1.8668 0.0026 300973 2160 300795 2161 1766 12 300728 2161 # Core F 3.1 320 Folia Calcite na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core F 3.1 323 Mammillary Calcite 43.7 0.1 55 1 23444 535 661.4 2.0 1.7966 0.0038 336239 3987 336224 3987 1708 20 336158 3987 # Core G 4.4 0.5 Folia Calcite na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core G 4.4 2.5 Mammillary Calcite 438.1 0.5 13329 267 552 11 1541.1 2.3 1.0178 0.0017 52801 126 52483 258 1787 3 52417 258 # Core G 4.4 5.5 Mammillary Calcite 447.9 0.5 8313 167 978 20 1541.1 2.3 1.1003 0.0019 58139 141 57947 196 1815 3 57881 196 # Core G 4.4 10 Mammillary Calcite 459.1 0.5 5386 108 1634 33 1506.3 2.4 1.1628 0.0021 63465 170 63343 190 1801 3 63277 190 # Core G 4.4 18.5 Mammillary Calcite 234.1 0.2 6687 134 785 16 1462.0 2.2 1.3589 0.0020 79840 192 79546 282 1830 3 79480 282 # Core G 4.4 26 Folia Calcite na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core G 4.4 31 Mammillary Calcite 427.5 0.4 12254 246 791 16 1476.8 2.2 1.3755 0.0023 80490 212 80197 296 1852 3 80131 296 # Core G 4.4 34 Mammillary Calcite 412.3 0.4 6722 135 1416 28 1380.9 2.2 1.4001 0.0028 87338 274 87167 299 1766 3 87101 299 # Core G 4.4 43 Mammillary Calcite 352.9 0.3 695 14 12117 248 1332.6 2.4 1.4482 0.0022 94512 256 94491 257 1740 3 94425 257 # Core G 4.4 64 Folia Calcite na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core G 4.4 68 Mammillary Calcite 376.0 0.4 180 5 52378 1418 1274.2 2.7 1.5188 0.0027 105533 345 105528 345 1716 4 105462 345 # Core G 4.4 71 Mammillary Calcite 346.5 0.4 453 10 19352 432 1256.0 2.3 1.5342 0.0029 108583 363 108569 363 1706 4 108503 363 # Core G 4.4 75 Mammillary Calcite 313.3 0.3 311 8 25842 627 1230.1 2.2 1.5565 0.0033 113186 416 113175 417 1693 4 113109 417 # Core G 4.4 87 Folia Calcite na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core G 4.4 87.8 Mammillary Calcite 1394.0 1.7 63 4 583060 40111 1122.2 2.0 1.6075 0.0027 130023 440 130023 440 1620 4 129957 440 # Core G 4.4 89 Mammillary Calcite 571.4 0.7 4407 89 3505 71 1125.4 2.3 1.6395 0.0032 134118 528 134033 531 1643 4 133967 531 # Core G 4.4 92 Mammillary Calcite 536.6 0.6 5416 109 2740 55 1158.8 2.1 1.6769 0.0031 135483 492 135374 498 1698 4 135308 498 # Core G 4.4 145 Folia Calcite na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core G 4.4 158 Undatable calcite layer na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core G 4.4 182 Folia Calcite na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core G 4.4 183 Thin Mammillary Calcite 469.5 0.5 507 10 28730 580 979.1 2.0 1.8830 0.0029 206631 954 206619 953 1754 6 206552 953 # Core G 4.4 235 Folia Calcite na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core G 4.4 237 Mammillary Calcite 312.5 0.3 6770 136 1450 29 874.5 2.2 1.9047 0.0033 250331 1621 250103 1626 1771 9 250037 1626 # Core G 4.4 240 Mammillary Calcite 423.5 0.5 3048 61 4360 88 861.7 2.0 1.9029 0.0033 255534 1675 255457 1675 1772 9 255391 1675 # Core G 4.4 246 Mammillary Calcite 507.7 0.5 5915 119 2708 54 839.9 2.0 1.9135 0.0032 271284 1880 271162 1880 1805 11 271096 1880 # Core G 4.4 256 Mammillary Calcite 349.4 0.3 1028 21 11723 237 949.1 2.0 2.0925 0.0025 294532 1759 294504 1759 2179 12 294438 1759 # Core G 4.4 283 Folia Calcite na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core G 4.4 285.5 Mammillary Calcite 466.1 0.5 2397 48 6160 124 792.7 2.3 1.9215 0.0036 306655 2871 306602 2870 1883 16 306536 2870 # Core G 4.4 314 Folia Calcite na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core G 4.4 330.7 Undatable calcite layer na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core G 4.4 342 Folia Calcite na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core G 4.4 343 Mammillary Calcite 873.7 1.1 90 3 291464 10777 666.4 2.1 1.8158 0.0034 348032 4185 348030 4185 1779 22 347964 4185 # Core J 5.3 2 Mammillary Calcite 480.4 0.4 18118 363 269 5 1685.1 2.4 0.6151 0.0009 27612 53 27222 281 1820 3 27156 281 # Core J 5.3 5 Mammillary Calcite 496.4 0.5 13554 272 439 9 1662.2 2.3 0.7272 0.0016 33644 89 33362 218 1826 3 33296 218 # Core J 5.3 9.5 Mammillary Calcite 487.7 0.5 17972 360 473 10 1558.9 2.4 1.0579 0.0018 54879 132 54498 300 1818 3 54432 300 # Core J 5.3 33 Mammillary Calcite 461.9 0.4 33401 669 301 6 1478.1 2.2 1.3204 0.0020 76097 183 75351 558 1828 4 75284 558 # Core J 5.3 38 Folia Calcite na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core J 5.3 38.2 Thin Mammillary Calcite 385.4 0.4 18731 375 463 9 1423.3 2.4 1.3650 0.0032 82174 288 81667 459 1792 4 81601 459 # Core J 5.3 102 Folia Calcite na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core J 5.3 102.1 Mammillary Calcite 1669.3 2.9 340 9 118052 3042 1363.2 2.4 1.4595 0.0030 93708 314 93706 314 1776 4 93640 314 # Core J 5.3 102.2 Mammillary Calcite 394.4 0.4 25162 504 378 8 1339.4 2.3 1.4631 0.0019 95507 233 94830 532 1750 4 94763 532 # Core J 5.3 111.5 Folia Calcite na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core J 5.3 143.8 Calcite layers too thin to date na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core J 5.3 158 Folia Calcite na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core J 5.3 158.1 Mammillary Calcite 408.6 0.4 25674 514 401 8 1252.9 2.6 1.5285 0.0030 108195 382 107515 613 1697 5 107449 613 # Core J 5.3 171.6 Mammillary Calcite 1475.4 2.7 3134 63 11924 240 1217.4 2.6 1.5362 0.0032 111929 419 111906 419 1669 4 111839 419 # Core J 5.3 188.7 Folia Calcite na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core J 5.3 189 Mammillary Calcite 650.3 1.6 83690 1683 217 4 1157.0 3.8 1.6913 0.0066 137726 1047 136332 1429 1700 9 136266 1429 # Core J 5.3 190 Mammillary Calcite 521.4 1.2 9560 192 1538 31 1166.4 3.9 1.7101 0.0072 139261 1130 139065 1136 1727 8 138999 1136 # Core J 5.3 192 Mammillary Calcite 505.5 1.4 10133 204 1421 29 1159.7 4.0 1.7272 0.0077 142591 1239 142377 1246 1733 9 142311 1246 # Core J 5.3 225 Mammillary Calcite 409.6 0.4 11188 224 1152 23 1066.2 2.1 1.9090 0.0027 191088 763 190807 787 1827 5 190740 787 # Core J 5.3 246 Folia Calcite na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core J 5.3 247 Mammillary Calcite 401.7 0.4 14006 281 907 18 1051.1 2.2 1.9182 0.0032 196731 917 196372 948 1829 6 196306 948 # Core J 5.3 267 Mammillary Calcite 499.9 0.6 3850 77 4053 81 1005.8 2.1 1.8930 0.0028 201969 894 201888 895 1778 6 201821 895 # Core J 5.3 293 Folia Calcite na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core J 5.3 298 Calcite layers too thin to date na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core J 5.3 314.2 Folia Calcite na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core J 5.3 318 Thin Mammillary Calcite 2195.7 2.0 102425 2051 680 14 826.4 2.0 1.9227 0.0033 283851 2134 283371 2153 1839 12 283305 2153 # Core J 5.3 332.5 Folia Calcite na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core J 5.3 339 Calcite layers too thin to date na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core J 5.3 345 Mammillary Calcite 413.9 0.4 6616 132 1952 39 787.4 1.8 1.8925 0.0027 293107 2009 292940 2010 1800 11 292874 2010 # Core J 5.3 351 Mammillary Calcite 321.6 0.3 3685 74 2701 55 768.3 1.8 1.8773 0.0041 297875 2774 297754 2773 1780 15 297688 2773 # Core J 5.3 357 Folia Calcite na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core J 5.3 358 Thin Mammillary Calcite 363.6 0.4 7776 156 1437 29 739.1 1.9 1.8640 0.0040 312621 3222 312396 3220 1785 17 312330 3220 # Core J 5.3 374 Folia Calcite na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core J 5.3 375 Mammillary Calcite 394.8 0.4 1184 24 10204 206 724.5 1.9 1.8558 0.0031 319712 2851 319680 2850 1786 15 319614 2850 # Core N 6.5 5 Calcite layers too thin to date na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core N 6.5 10.7 Folia Calcite na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core N 6.5 15.5 Undatable calcite layer na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core N 6.5 30 Folia Calcite na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core N 6.5 30.1-30.8 Thin Mammillary Calcite 1012.5 1.4 4935 100 2376 48 1581.4 2.7 0.7022 0.0016 33519 97 33467 104 1738 3 33401 104 # Core N 6.5 30 Folia Calcite na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core N 6.5 40.8 Calcite layers too thin to date na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core N 6.5 118 Folia Calcite na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core N 6.5 120.5 Mammillary Calcite 487.5 0.6 435 10 32015 763 1163.0 2.0 1.7344 0.0029 143236 507 143226 507 1742 4 143160 507 # Core N 6.5 122.5 Mammillary Calcite 464.5 0.5 330 8 40268 947 1141.2 2.1 1.7354 0.0029 146229 524 146221 524 1724 4 146155 524 # Core N 6.5 125 Mammillary Calcite 458.8 0.5 330 8 40259 951 1137.2 2.2 1.7584 0.0033 150347 610 150339 610 1738 5 150273 610 # Core N 6.5 139.5 Folia Calcite na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core N 6.5 140.5 Mammillary Calcite 532.2 0.6 582 12 27729 592 1084.5 2.1 1.8387 0.0029 172822 680 172810 680 1766 5 172744 680 # Core N 6.5 145 Mammillary Calcite 510.0 0.6 1098 22 14292 291 1089.3 2.1 1.8659 0.0027 177227 675 177205 675 1796 5 177139 675 # Core N 6.5 152.5 Mammillary Calcite 424.3 0.4 1657 33 8758 177 1305.0 2.1 2.0746 0.0038 176927 755 176891 755 2150 6 176825 755 # Core N 6.5 165.5 Folia Calcite na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core N 6.5 165.7-166.4 Thin Mammillary Calcite 327.4 0.7 119 7 86167 5406 1049.5 4.9 1.9018 0.0066 193316 1901 193312 1901 1811 13 193246 1901 # Core N 6.5 183.5 Folia Calcite na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core N 6.5 185-202.5 Undatable calcite layer na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core N 6.5 244 Folia Calcite na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core N 6.5 253 Undatable calcite layer na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core N 6.5 362 Folia Calcite na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core N 6.5 365 Undatable calcite layer na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core N 6.5 367 Folia Calcite na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core N 6.5 379 Calcite layers too thin to date na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core N 6.5 420 Folia Calcite na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core N 6.5 422 Mammillary Calcite 806.5 1.0 10214 205 2469 50 841.3 1.8 1.8963 0.0040 262923 2011 262789 2012 1766 11 262723 2012 # Core N 6.5 473 Folia Calcite na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core N 6.5 475 Mammillary Calcite 570.2 0.8 4965 100 3571 72 771.7 2.2 1.8860 0.0054 300651 3720 300560 3718 1802 20 300494 3718 # Core N 6.5 503.5 Folia Calcite na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core I 8 5 Calcite layers too thin to date na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core I 8 6 Folia Calcite na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core I 8 6.3 Thin Mammillary Calcite 1230.3 1.4 1869 38 4948 100 1681.6 2.4 0.4558 0.0008 19933 40 19917 42 1779 3 19851 42 # Core I 8 8 Folia Calcite na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core I 8 24 Calcite layers too thin to date na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core I 8 32 Folia Calcite na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core I 8 34 Thin Mammillary Calcite 1419.8 2.3 581 12 37962 807 1586.6 2.7 0.9428 0.0019 47086 126 47082 126 1812 3 47016 126 # Core I 8 45 Folia Calcite na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core I 8 59 Calcite layers too thin to date na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core I 8 70.6 Folia Calcite na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core I 8 70.7 Mammillary Calcite 1411.0 1.8 350 7 71107 1489 1522.4 2.5 1.0690 0.0019 56614 145 56611 145 1786 3 56545 145 # Core I 8 77 Folia Calcite na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core I 8 103.3 Calcite layers too thin to date na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core I 8 104 Folia Calcite na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core I 8 105 Mammillary Calcite 539.2 0.5 7212 145 1423 29 1505.7 2.6 1.1545 0.0018 62905 153 62766 182 1798 3 62700 182 # Core I 8 107.5 Mammillary Calcite 453.8 0.4 11120 223 815 16 1501.8 2.6 1.2112 0.0017 67040 154 66786 236 1813 3 66720 236 # Core I 8 108.5 Mammillary Calcite 395.2 0.4 6149 123 1403 28 1635.2 2.4 1.3235 0.0023 70160 181 70008 210 1992 3 69942 210 # Core I 8 133 Calcite layers too thin to date na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core I 8 135 Mammillary Calcite 475.4 6.0 13756 176 708 2 1494.4 2.1 1.2428 0.0015 69602 137 69303 252 1817 3 69236 252 # Core I 8 145 Folia Calcite na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core I 8 165 Calcite layers too thin to date na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core I 8 181 Folia Calcite na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core I 8 165 Calcite layers too thin to date na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core I 8 212 Folia Calcite na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core I 8 259 Calcite layers too thin to date na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core I 8 265 Folia Calcite na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core I 8 266 Thin Mammillary Calcite 955.1 1.3 1042 22 25792 534 1175.2 2.1 1.7064 0.0031 137687 502 137675 502 1733 4 137609 502 # Core I 8 305 Folia Calcite na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core I 8 306 Thin Mammillary Calcite 552.4 0.6 200 6 83026 2614 1106.1 2.2 1.8194 0.0032 165417 685 165413 685 1764 5 165347 685 # Core I 8 315 Folia Calcite na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core I 8 336 Calcite layers too thin to date na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core I 8 337 Folia Calcite na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core I 8 338 Mammillary Calcite 615.3 0.8 14231 286 1367 28 1081.7 2.1 1.9172 0.0052 189442 1214 189205 1223 1845 7 189139 1223 # Core I-second half 8 27 Calcite layers too thin to date na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core I-second half 8 28 Folia Calcite na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core I-second half 8 28.2-34.8 Thin Mammillary Calcite 1367.6 2.0 886 18 13387 271 1680.2 2.6 0.5259 0.0009 23288 51 23282 52 1794 3 23216 52 # Core I-second half 8 37 Folia Calcite na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core I-second half 8 37.2 - 38.9 Thin Mammillary Calcite 1566.8 2.5 5282 106 3429 69 1657.7 2.6 0.7012 0.0014 32345 82 32310 85 1816 3 32244 85 # Core I-second half 8 40 Folia Calcite na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core I-second half 8 428 Calcite layers too thin to date na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core I-second half 8 430 Folia Calcite na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core I-second half 8 430.5 Thin Mammillary Calcite 521.9 0.5 2588 52 6036 122 1135.0 2.0 1.8153 0.0036 159996 690 159944 690 1783 5 159878 690 # Core I-second half 8 431 Folia Calcite na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core I-second half 8 633 Calcite layers too thin to date na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core I-second half 8 634 Folia Calcite na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core I-second half 8 635 Mammillary Calcite 497.7 0.5 20158 404 782 16 841.7 2.0 1.9207 0.0034 273723 1984 273304 2000 1820 11 273238 2000 # Core H 9.5 15 Calcite layers too thin to date na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core H 9.5 18 Folia Calcite na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core H 9.5 19 Mammillary Calcite 818.2 1.3 931 20 27128 573 1312.0 2.5 1.8715 0.0036 144402 576 144390 576 1972 5 144324 576 # Core H 9.5 20 Folia Calcite na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core H 9.5 55 Calcite layers too thin to date na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core H 9.5 59 Folia Calcite na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core H 9.5 60 Undatable calcite layer na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core H 9.5 66 Folia Calcite na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core H 9.5 69 Thin Mammillary Calcite 429.9 5.7 2502 34 5466 13 1091.1 2.2 1.9296 0.0023 190082 694 190024 695 1865 5 189957 695 # Core H 9.5 77 Calcite layers too thin to date na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core H 9.5 78 Folia Calcite na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core H 9.5 129 Calcite layers too thin to date na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core H 9.5 129.5 Folia Calcite na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # Core H 9.5 131 Mammillary Calcite 1068.6 15.2 9091 130 4028 10 2331.6 31.8 2.0781 0.0044 350082 4685 350012 4682 2332 32 349945 4682 # Core H 9.5 176 Folia Calcite na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na # #---------------- # Variables # # Data variables follow are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Data line variables format: one per line, shortname-tab-variable components (what, material, error, units, seasonality, data type,detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data, free text) # ## coreID sample identification, , , , , speleothems; climate reconstructions, , , C, core name ## watertable water table depth, , , meter, , speleothems; climate reconstructions, , ,N, relative to present water table ## depth_mm depth, , , millimeter, , speleothems; climate reconstructions, , , N, distance from top of core ## age_calBP age, , , calendar year before present, , speleothems; climate reconstructions, , ,N, ## age_err age, , one standard deviation, calendar year, , speleothems; climate reconstructions, , ,N, ## dep_type notes, , , , , speleothems; climate reconstructions, , ,C, deposit type ## change_dir notes, , , , , speleothems; climate reconstructions, , ,C, direction of inferred water table change ## extrap notes, , , , , speleothems; climate reconstructions, , , C, was boundary age extrapolated? # #---------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing Values: # coreID watertable depth_mm age_calBP age_err dep_type change_dir extrap Core O 0 21 1800 35 Mammillary-Folia Boundary Decreasing water table no Core O 0 30 2764 25 Mammillary-Folia Boundary Decreasing water table no Core D 1.8 0 4896 45 Mammillary-Folia Boundary Decreasing water table no Core E 0.8 0.3 5692 80 Mammillary-Folia Boundary Decreasing water table yes Core F 3.1 3 9243 1544 Mammillary-Folia Boundary Decreasing water table yes Core I 8 6.3 19851 42 Mammillary-Folia Boundary Brief rises no Core I-second half 8 28.2-34.8 23216 52 Mammillary-Folia Boundary Brief rises no Core I-second half 8 37.2-38.9 32244 85 Mammillary-Folia Boundary Brief rises no Core N 6.5 30.1-30.8 33401 104 Mammillary-Folia Boundary Brief rises no Core I 8 34 47016 126 Mammillary-Folia Boundary Brief rises no Core G 4.4 0.5 50180 2302 Mammillary-Folia Boundary Decreasing water table yes Core I 8 70.6 56545 145 Mammillary-Folia Boundary Decreasing water table no Core I 8 104 61651 200 Mammillary-Folia Boundary Decreasing water table yes Core I 8 135 69236 252 Folia-Mammillary Boundary Increasing water table no Core F 3.1 49 74407 397 Folia-Mammillary Boundary Increasing water table yes Core J 5.3 33 75284 558 Folia-Mammillary Boundary Increasing water table no Core F 3.1 73 78907 374 Mammillary-Folia Boundary Decreasing water table yes Core G 4.4 18.5 79575 184 Folia-Mammillary Boundary Increasing water table yes Core G 4.4 26 79768 203 Mammillary-Folia Boundary Decreasing water table yes Core J 5.3 38.2-39.1 81601 459 Mammillary-Folia Boundary Brief rises no Core J 5.3 102 93640 314 Mammillary-Folia Boundary Decreasing water table no Core J 5.3 102.2-109 94763 532 Folia-Mammillary Boundary Increasing water table no Core G 4.4 43 96049 1451 Folia-Mammillary Boundary Increasing water table yes Core G 4.4 64 101295 2372 Mammillary-Folia Boundary Decreasing water table yes Core J 5.3 111.5 107449 613 Mammillary-Folia Boundary Decreasing water table no Core J 5.3 171.6 111839 419 Folia-Mammillary Boundary Increasing water table no Core G 4.4 75 114312 1630 Folia-Mammillary Boundary Increasing water yes Core E 0.8 81.4 116894 399 Folia-Mammillary Boundary Increasing water table yes Core F 3.1 90.9 117485 3261 Folia-Mammillary Boundary Increasing water table yes Core E 0.8 89.9 117549 508 Mammillary-Folia Boundary Decreasing water table no Core D 1.8 77.7 118293 1263 Folia-Mammillary Boundary Increasing water table yes Core D 1.8 95.1 120313 1034 Mammillary-Folia Boundary Decreasing water table yes Core O 0 138 120361 451 Mammillary-Folia Boundary Decreasing water table no Core F 3.1 111 123276 966 Mammillary-Folia Boundary Decreasing water table yes Core G 4.4 87 125118 3327 Mammillary-Folia Boundary Decreasing water table yes Core J 5.3 188.7 136266 1429 Mammillary-Folia Boundary Decreasing water table no Core I 8 266 137609 502 Mammillary-Folia Boundary Brief rises no Core N 6.5 118 140772 3170 Mammillary-Folia Boundary Decreasing water table yes Core H 9.5 19 144324 576 Mammillary-Folia Boundary Decreasing water table no Core I-second half 8 430.5 159878 690 Mammillary-Folia Boundary Brief rises no Core I 8 306 165347 685 Mammillary-Folia Boundary Brief rises no Core N 6.5 139.5 170834 2581 Mammillary-Folia Boundary Decreasing water table yes Core N 6.5 152.5 177695 946 Folia-Mammillary Boundary Increasing water table yes Core I 8 337 189139 1223 Mammillary-Folia Boundary Decreasing water table no Core H 9.5 69 189957 695 Mammillary-Folia Boundary Brief rises no Core J 5.3 225 190740 787 Folia-Mammillary Boundary Increasing water table no Core N 6.5 165.7-166.4 193246 1901 Mammillary-Folia Boundary Brief rises no Core J 5.3 246 196306 2100 Mammillary-Folia Boundary Decreasing water table no Core J 5.3 267 201821 895 Folia-Mammillary Boundary Increasing water table no Core E 0.8 222.4 212907 1183 Mammillary-Folia Boundary Decreasing water table no Core D 1.8 169.8 216753 738 Folia-Mammillary Boundary Increasing water table yes Core D 1.8 187.4 217390 697 Mammillary-Folia Boundary Decreasing water table yes Core F 3.1 213 220523 1570 Folia-Mammillary Boundary Increasing water table yes Core D 1.8 208.6 226047 1162 Folia-Mammillary Boundary Increasing water table yes Core E 0.8 248.2 229068 1219 Folia-Mammillary Boundary Increasing water table no Core D 1.8 229 237228 1932 Mammillary-Folia Boundary Decreasing water table yes Core F 3.1 248 243439 1864 Mammillary-Folia Boundary Decreasing water table yes Core G 4.4 235 245144 4837 Mammillary-Folia Boundary Decreasing water table yes Core N 6.5 420 262723 2012 Mammillary-Folia Boundary Decreasing water table no Core I-second half 8 634 273238 2000 Mammillary-Folia Boundary Decreasing water table no Core J 5.3 318 283305 2153 Mammillary-Folia Boundary Brief rises no Core J 5.3 344 292874 2010 Mammillary-Folia Boundary Decreasing water table no Core G 4.4 256 295668 2262 Folia-Mammillary Boundary Increasing water table yes Core J 5.3 351 297688 2773 Folia-Mammillary Boundary Increasing water table no Core N 6.5 473 300494 3718 Mammillary-Folia Boundary Decreasing water table no Core G 4.4 283 306536 2870 Mammillary-Folia Boundary Decreasing water table no Core F 3.1 279 310120 2791 Folia-Mammillary Boundary Increasing water table yes Core J 5.3 358 312330 3220 Mammillary-Folia Boundary Brief rises no Core J 5.3 374 319614 2850 Mammillary-Folia Boundary Decreasing water table no Core D 1.8 300 327154 2021 Folia-Mammillary Boundary Increasing water table yes Core F 3.1 320 336158 3987 Mammillary-Folia Boundary Decreasing water table no Core G 4.4 342 347964 4185 Mammillary-Folia Boundary Decreasing water table yes Core H 9.5 131 349945 4682 Mammillary-Folia Boundary Decreasing water table no