# Denniston et al. 1999 north-central USA Speleothem Stable Isotope Data #---------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #---------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 4.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite original publication, NOAA Landing Page URL, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, study title, NOAA Landing Page URL, and date accessed. # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # NOAA_Landing_Page: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/5428 # Landing_Page_Description: NOAA Landing Page of this file's parent study, which includes all study metadata. # # Study_Level_JSON_Metadata: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/json/noaa-cave-5428.json # Study_Level_JSON_Description: JSON metadata of this data file's parent study, which includes all study metadata. # # Data_Type: Speleothems # # Dataset_DOI: 10.25921/a8wz-4970 # # Science_Keywords: #-------------------- # Resource_Links # # Data_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/northamerica/usa/wisconsin/denniston1999-crystal_cave-noaa.txt # Data_Download_Description: NOAA Template File; Core CC-A Oxygen and Carbon Isotope Data # #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 1999-01-01 #-------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2025-01-31 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Denniston et al. 1999 north-central USA Speleothem Stable Isotope Data #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Denniston, R.F.(https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6346-1221); González, L.A.; Baker, R.G.(https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5460-725X); Asmerom, Y.(https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3440-1294); Reagan, M.K.(https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1628-4194); Edwards, R.L.(https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7027-5881); Alexander, E.C. #-------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: Stable isotope data (13C and 18O) of one stalagmite from Crystal Cave Wisconsin (44° 49' 57"N, 92° 15' 08"W (WGS84/NAD83) 332 meters), one stalagmite from Mystery Cave Minnesota (43° 37.392’ N, 92° 18.086’ W (WGS84/NAD83) 403 meters at surface), and two stalagmites from Spring Valley Caverns Minnesota (SVC-IV - North Crawl) 43° 44' 45"N, 92° 24' 49"W (WGS84/NAD83), 397 m at surface). Stalagmites dated by U-Th Series, and isotope data collected on a Finnigan MAT 252 using a Kiel II device. Analyses of Cold Water Cave stalagmite 1S are tabulated in Dorale et al. (1992). The total length of SV-1 = 635 mm; SV-2 = 560 mm; MC-28 = 317 mm; CC-A = 311 mm. #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Denniston, R.F., L.A. González, R.G. Baker, Y. Asmerom, M.K. Reagan, R.L. Edwards, and C. Alexander # Journal_Name: The Holocene # Published_Title: Speleothem evidence for Holocene fluctuations of the prairie-forest ecotone, north-central USA # Published_Date_or_Year: 1999 # Volume: 9 # Pages: 671-676 # Issue: 6 # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1191/095968399674716399 # Full_Citation: # Abstract: Carbon and oxygen isotopic trends from seven Midwestern speleothems record significant offsets in the timing of middle-Holocene vegetation change. Interactions of dry Pacific and moist Gulf of Mexico air masses maintained a sharp moisture gradient across Iowa, Minnesota, and Wisconsin such that the arrival of prairie was offset by 2000 years between caves and pollen sites located only 50 km apart. Oxygen isotopes shift concomitantly with carbon in most cases, although these changes are believed to represent increased evaporative enrichment of 18O prior to infiltration during the prairie period. #-------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: US National Science Foundation # Grant: ATM-9731138 #-------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Geological Society of America # Grant: #-------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) # Grant: NA366PO238 #-------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Cave Research Foundation # Grant: #-------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Richmond Area Speleological Society # Grant: #-------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Cave Conservancy of the Virginias # Grant: #-------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: National Speleological Society # Grant: #-------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: University of Iowa # Grant: #-------------------- # Site_Information # Site_Name: Crystal Cave, Wisconsin # Location: Wisconsin # Northernmost_Latitude: 44.83 # Southernmost_Latitude: 44.83 # Easternmost_Longitude: -92.25 # Westernmost_Longitude: -92.25 # Elevation_m: 332 #-------------------- # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: CC-A # First_Year: 2906 # Last_Year: 0 # Time_Unit: cal yr BP # Core_Length_m: # Parameter_Keywords: carbon isotopes, oxygen isotopes # Notes: #-------------------- # Chronology_Information # Chronology: Uranium-Thorium # Chronology_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/templates/noaa-wds-paleo-uth-terms.csv # Chronology_Download_Description: Uranium-Thorium terms and definitions. # Chronology_Notes: Dated using TIMS. Although analytically precise, uncertainty associated with drilling large (approx. 1 g) samples increases the effective error of these dates. Ages are relative to the time of measurement, 1994–1997. # Rejection_Rationale: # 238U_Decay_Constant: Edwards et al., 1987 # 234U_Decay_Constant: Edwards et al., 1987 # 230Th_Decay_Constant: Edwards et al., 1987 # Initial_230Th/232Th: 4.4 × 10−6 (±2.2 × 10−6 ) # Initial_230Th/232Th_Method: # Age_Model_Method: # Missing_Values: na # Chronology_Table: # core_id depth_bot_mm U_ppb Th_ppt d234U_meas_permil d234U_meas_2s_permil 230Th_238U_act 230Th_238U_act_2s 230Th_232Th_atom 230Th_232Th_atom_2s age_corr_BM age_corr_2s_yr # CC-A 8 340 550 680 4 0.0438 0.0011 0.000444 0.000010 2840 80 # CC-A 139 390 230 650 3 0.0238 0.0003 0.000659 0.000017 1560 20 # CC-A 225 330 660 640 3 0.0127 0.0004 0.000105 0.000003 810 30 #-------------------- # Variables # PaST_Thesaurus_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/skos/past-thesaurus.rdf # PaST_Thesaurus_Download_Description: Paleoenvironmental Standard Terms (PaST) Thesaurus terms, definitions, and relationships in SKOS format. # # Data variables follow that are preceded by '##' in columns one and two. # Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-var components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, data type, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) # ## age_calBP age,,,calendar year before present,,speleothems,,,N, ## d13Cpdb delta 13C,calcium carbonate,,per mil PDB,,speleothems,raw,isotope ratio mass spectrometry,N, ## d18Osmow delta 18O,calcium carbonate,,per mil SMOW,,speleothems,raw,isotope ratio mass spectrometry,N, #-------------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing_Values: age_calBP d13Cpdb d18Osmow 0 -10.98 23.41 0 -10.81 23.41 18 -10.92 23.26 44 -9.81 23.3 73 -10.22 22.36 88 -10.31 22.62 115 -10.14 22.08 129 -9.73 22.77 151 -9.74 23.26 185 -9.88 23.35 204 -10.95 23.35 221 -9.92 22.66 241 -10.46 22.91 279 -9.67 23.2 307 -9.87 23.1 327 -10.36 22.98 353 -10.84 23.06 377 -11.08 22.58 400 -11.17 23.03 419 -11.63 23.54 441 -11.49 23.95 458 -11.61 23.15 475 -11.72 23.24 488 -11.76 23.44 513 -11.73 23.67 539 -12.36 23.53 560 -12.24 23.04 578 -12.25 23.04 597 -11.75 23.18 617 -11.73 23.25 634 -11.78 22.65 653 -12.24 22.66 676 -11.83 23.47 692 -11.9 22.83 709 -11.92 22.98 730 -11.62 23.29 748 -11.6 22.95 765 -12 22.82 785 -12.09 23.46 803 -12.1 22.1 821 -11.89 23.06 833 -11.47 23.4 855 -11.94 22.79 872 -12.23 22.1 887 -12.03 22.35 907 -11.69 22.31 924 -11.77 22.95 942 -11.95 23.12 963 -11.7 22.7 980 -11.78 24.02 1004 -11.92 22.63 1067 -11.54 23.44 1114 -11.64 22.89 1138 -11.66 23.56 1164 -11.42 23.54 1172 -11.5 22.7 1202 -11.88 22.09 1243 -11.78 22.93 1279 -11.48 22.36 1293 -11.8 23.25 1319 -11.54 22.23 1327 -11.46 22.75 1347 -11.42 23.28 1368 -11.43 22.78 1381 -11.4 22.86 1411 -10.44 23.52 1430 -11.94 22.75 1469 -10.91 23.94 1529 -11.01 23.49 1549 -11.73 22.6 1572 -11.9 23.43 1595 -11.73 23.48 1616 -11.35 23.29 1633 -11.85 23.21 1648 -11.22 23.44 1670 -11.83 22.59 1706 -11.63 23.52 1732 -12.03 23.33 1782 -12.23 23.14 1808 -11.43 23.13 1832 -12.02 23.38 1861 -11.72 23.33 1886 -11.19 23.12 1914 -9.43 23.77 1934 -9.43 23.79 1957 -8.41 23.99 1977 -7.31 23.5 1995 -11.6 23.12 2019 -11.16 22.22 2039 -11.46 22.06 2055 -11.61 23.11 2073 -11.87 22.72 2108 -11.66 22.08 2135 -11.73 21.84 2159 -11.72 22.51 2175 -11.33 22.75 2200 -11.42 22.92 2220 -11.56 22.95 2233 -11.91 23.78 2259 -11.9 22.78 2297 -11.68 23.1 2313 -11.78 22.8 2351 -12.09 23.21 2365 -11.85 22.89 2382 -11.76 23.05 2401 -11.74 22.76 2421 -11.74 22.16 2444 -11.84 23.26 2464 -11.77 22.91 2483 -11.78 23.57 2497 -12.34 22.58 2518 -12.13 22.41 2536 -11.49 22.76 2556 -11.99 22.56 2579 -12.72 23.22 2632 -11.93 22.71 2652 -12.06 22.95 2677 -11.49 22.31 2740 -11.95 22.35 2789 -11.35 23.31 2817 -11.67 22.36 2839 -11.28 23.45 2863 -11.03 23.46 2893 -8.95 23.8 2906 -8.49 23.73