# Huagapo Cave, Peru 7,200 Year Speleothem Stable Isotope Data #---------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #---------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 4.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite original publication, NOAA Landing Page URL, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, study title, NOAA Landing Page URL, and date accessed. # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # NOAA_Landing_Page: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/16405 # Landing_Page_Description: NOAA Landing Page of this file's parent study, which includes all study metadata. # # Study_Level_JSON_Metadata: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/json/noaa-cave-16405.json # Study_Level_JSON_Description: JSON metadata of this data file's parent study, which includes all study metadata. # # Data_Type: Speleothems # # Dataset_DOI: 10.25921/rnbh-fh93 # # Science_Keywords: Monsoon #-------------------- # Resource_Links # # Data_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/southamerica/peru/huagapo2013h1-noaa.txt # Data_Download_Description: NOAA Template File; Huagapo Cave P00-H1 Stable Isotope Data # #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2014-03-26 #-------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2025-03-17 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Huagapo Cave, Peru 7,200 Year Speleothem Stable Isotope Data #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Kanner, L.C.; Burns, S.J.(https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4623-5326); Cheng, H.(https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5305-9458); Edwards, R.L.(https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7027-5881); Vuille, M.(https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9736-4518) #-------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: Stable oxygen (d18O) and carbon (d13C) isotope long axis profiles from two speleothems collected in Huagapo Cave, central Peruvian Andes. Speleothem 230Th age determinations are also provided and were measured using a MC-ICPMS Thermo Finnigan Neptune. # #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Lisa C. Kanner, Stephen J. Burns, Hai Cheng, R. Lawrence Edwards, Mathias Vuille # Journal_Name: Quaternary Science Reviews # Published_Title: High-resolution variability of the South American summer monsoon over the last seven millennia: insights from a speleothem record from the central Peruvian Andes # Published_Date_or_Year: 2013 # Volume: 75 # Pages: 1-10 # Issue: # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2013.05.008 # Full_Citation: # Abstract: Stable oxygen isotope (d18O) measurements of two speleothems, collected from Huagapo Cave in the central Peruvian Andes and with overlapping age from 1.1 to 1.4 ka, characterize tropical South American climate variability over the last 7150 years. In the study region, precipitation d18O (d18Op) is inversely correlated to rainfall amount upstream in the Amazon Basin and the intensity of convection associated with the South American summer monsoon (SASM). Speleothem long-axis profiles yield an average age resolution of five years and permit investigation of climate over orbital to decadal timescales. Variations in the isotopic composition of Huagapo Cave calcite (d18Oc) are in good agreement with several precipitation proxy records from ice cores, speleothems, and lake sediments from the central Peruvian Andes. From the mid-Holocene to today, d18Oc, a proxy for d18Op, tracks changes in local insolation and exhibits a ~2 per mil decrease. In the Late Holocene, Huagapo Cave d18Oc is characterized by two periods of significant decline in SASM intensity (up to 1.5 per mil increase in d18Oc) even when insolation is reaching a local maximum and the SASM would be expected to intensify. These millennial-scale reductions in SASM intensity could in part be influenced by a reduction in the zonal SST gradient of the Pacific Ocean, favoring El Nino-like development. #-------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: US National Science Foundation # Grant: ATM-1003466, 0502535, 1103403 #-------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: National Science Foundation of China # Grant: 41230524, 2013CB955902, AGS-1003690 #-------------------- # Site_Information # Site_Name: Huagapo Cave # Location: Peru # Northernmost_Latitude: -11.27 # Southernmost_Latitude: -11.27 # Easternmost_Longitude: -75.79 # Westernmost_Longitude: -75.79 # Elevation_m: 3850 #-------------------- # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: Huagapo2013H1iso # First_Year: 1391 # Last_Year: -50 # Time_Unit: cal yr BP # Core_Length_m: # Parameter_Keywords: carbon isotopes, oxygen isotopes # Notes: #-------------------- # Chronology_Information # Chronology: Uranium-Thorium # Chronology_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/templates/noaa-wds-paleo-uth-terms.csv # Chronology_Download_Description: Uranium-Thorium terms and definitions. # Chronology_Notes: # Rejection_Rationale: # 238U_Decay_Constant: # 234U_Decay_Constant: # 230Th_Decay_Constant: # Initial_230Th/232Th: 4.4 ± 2.2 × 10^-6 # Initial_230Th/232Th_Method: Those are the values for a material at secular equilibrium, with the bulk earth 232Th/238U value of 3.8. The errors are arbitrarily assumed to be 50%. # Age_Model_Method: # Missing_Values: na # Chronology_Table: # depth_top_mm 238U_ppb 238U_2s_ppb 232Th_ppt 232Th_2s_ppt 230Th_232Th_atom_ppm 230Th_232Th_atom_2s_ppm d234U_meas_permil d234U_meas_2s_permil 230Th_238U_act 230Th_238U_act_2s age_uncorr_BM age_uncorr_2s_yr age_corr_BP1950 age_corr_2s_yr d234U_init_permil d234U_init_2s_permil # 8.5 1143 1 131 3 1120 30 3415 4 0.0078 0.0001 193 2 132 2 3417 4 # 19 985 2 642 13 510 10 3488 6 0.0200 0.0001 487 3 423 4 3493 6 # 41.5 979 1 137 3 4670 100 3498 5 0.0396 0.0001 962 3 902 4 3507 5 # 66.5 786 1 258 5 2960 60 3406 5 0.0590 0.0002 1467 5 1405 6 3420 5 # 118.5 967 2 321 7 4680 100 3516 5 0.0941 0.0002 2290 6 2228 6 3539 5 #-------------------- # Variables # PaST_Thesaurus_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/skos/past-thesaurus.rdf # PaST_Thesaurus_Download_Description: Paleoenvironmental Standard Terms (PaST) Thesaurus terms, definitions, and relationships in SKOS format. # # Data variables follow that are preceded by '##' in columns one and two. # Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-var components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, data type, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) # ## depth_mm depth,,,millimeter,,speleothems,,,N, ## age_calBP age,,,calendar year before present,,speleothems,,,N, ## d13CcarbVPDB delta 13C,calcium carbonate,,per mil VPDB,,speleothems,raw,isotope ratio mass spectrometry,N, ## d18OcarbVPDB delta 18O,calcium carbonate,,per mil VPDB,,speleothems,raw,isotope ratio mass spectrometry,N, #-------------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing_Values: depth_mm age_calBP d13CcarbVPDB d18OcarbVPDB 0 -50 -5.41 -12.16 0.4 -43 -6.08 -13.42 0.6 -37 0.8 -33 -5.55 -12.07 1 -29 -6.08 -13.22 1.2 -24 -5.76 -12.76 1.4 -20 -6.07 -13.11 1.6 -16 -6.24 -13.57 1.8 -11 -5.76 -12.62 2 -7 2.2 -3 -6.26 -13.54 2.4 1 -6.12 -13.27 2.6 6 -6.46 -13.58 2.8 10 -6.35 -13.25 3 14 -6.23 -13.06 3.2 18 -6.02 -12.76 3.4 23 -6.48 -13.68 3.6 27 -6.09 -12.88 3.8 31 -6.47 -13.59 4 36 -6.36 -13.08 4.2 40 -6.49 -13.69 4.4 44 -6.55 -13.42 4.6 48 -6.31 -13.08 4.8 53 -6.25 -12.93 5 57 -6.43 -13.03 5.2 61 -6.68 -13.57 5.4 66 -6.64 -13.54 5.6 70 -6.31 -13.23 5.8 74 -6.48 -13.41 6 78 -6.32 -13.50 6.2 83 -6.38 -13.47 6.4 87 -6.17 -13.44 6.6 91 -6.37 -13.43 6.8 96 -6.31 -13.49 7 100 -6.36 -13.64 7.2 104 -6.00 -13.01 7.4 108 -6.26 -13.31 7.6 113 -6.43 -13.69 7.8 117 -6.26 -13.48 8 121 -6.06 -13.19 8.2 125 -6.29 -13.55 8.4 130 -6.18 -13.60 8.6 135 -6.23 -13.78 8.8 140 -5.95 -13.71 9 146 -6.65 -13.36 9.2 151 -6.72 -13.29 9.4 157 -6.37 -13.29 9.6 162 -6.57 -13.33 9.8 168 -6.56 -13.43 10 173 -6.60 -13.65 10.2 179 -6.17 -12.94 10.4 185 -6.62 -13.59 10.6 190 -6.55 -13.50 10.8 196 -6.67 -13.81 11 201 -6.39 -13.41 11.2 207 -6.59 -13.60 11.4 212 -6.52 -13.76 11.6 218 -6.44 -13.48 11.8 223 -6.24 -13.48 12 229 12.2 234 -6.49 -13.85 12.4 240 -6.50 -13.82 12.6 246 -6.22 -13.66 12.8 251 -6.25 -13.63 13 257 -6.18 -13.74 13.2 262 -6.37 -14.16 13.4 268 -5.87 -13.39 13.6 273 -6.10 -13.59 13.8 279 14 284 -6.71 -14.29 14.2 290 -6.02 -12.78 14.4 295 -6.25 -13.59 14.6 301 -6.28 -13.63 14.8 306 -6.69 -13.85 15 312 -6.38 -13.75 15.2 318 -6.27 -13.59 15.4 323 -6.31 -13.55 15.6 329 15.8 334 -6.21 -13.39 16 340 -6.25 -13.62 16.2 345 -6.28 -13.87 16.4 351 -6.02 -13.25 16.6 356 -5.94 -13.25 16.8 362 -5.93 -13.42 17 367 -5.87 -13.45 17.2 373 -5.78 -13.24 17.4 379 -5.74 -13.37 17.6 384 -5.89 -13.74 17.8 390 -5.88 -13.14 18 395 -6.21 -13.69 18.2 401 -6.20 -13.40 18.4 406 -6.39 -13.42 18.6 412 -6.44 -13.68 18.8 417 -6.40 -13.52 19 423 -6.31 -13.78 19.2 427 -6.02 -13.30 19.4 431 -6.12 -13.51 19.6 436 -6.14 -13.56 19.8 440 -6.08 -13.67 20 444 -6.06 -13.68 20.2 448 -6.13 -13.86 20.4 453 -5.88 -13.40 20.6 457 -5.86 -13.42 20.8 461 -5.83 -13.91 21 465 -5.80 -13.56 21.2 470 21.4 474 -5.65 -13.14 21.6 478 -5.64 -13.12 21.8 482 -5.67 -13.06 22 487 -5.86 -13.48 22.2 491 -5.61 -13.35 22.4 495 -5.85 -13.56 22.6 499 -5.83 -13.50 22.8 504 23 508 -5.69 -13.46 23.2 512 -5.63 -13.26 23.4 516 -5.99 -13.66 23.6 521 23.8 525 -5.96 -13.56 24 529 -5.92 -13.72 24.2 533 -5.97 -13.73 24.4 538 -5.91 -13.53 24.6 542 -5.83 -13.32 24.8 546 -6.04 -13.70 25 551 -5.96 -13.43 25.2 555 -5.68 -13.18 25.4 559 -5.72 -13.14 25.6 563 -5.53 -12.72 25.8 568 -5.83 -13.35 26 572 -5.79 -13.21 26.2 576 -5.51 -12.66 26.4 580 -5.67 -13.16 26.6 585 -5.56 -12.74 26.8 589 -5.69 -13.19 27 593 -5.76 -13.50 27.2 597 -5.82 -13.29 27.4 602 -5.82 -13.20 27.6 606 -5.70 -13.02 27.8 610 -5.70 -13.25 28 614 -5.53 -13.09 28.2 619 28.4 623 -5.88 -13.52 28.6 627 -5.84 -13.56 28.8 631 -5.54 -12.98 29 636 -5.71 -12.98 29.2 640 -5.84 -13.39 29.4 644 -5.85 -13.28 29.6 648 -5.91 -13.24 29.8 653 -6.11 -13.43 30 657 -5.95 -13.06 30.2 661 -5.89 -12.98 30.4 665 -5.84 -12.88 30.6 670 -6.10 -13.45 30.8 674 -6.09 -13.75 31 678 -5.86 -13.20 31.2 682 -5.97 -13.29 31.4 687 -5.79 -13.04 31.6 691 -5.96 -13.58 31.8 695 -5.58 -12.80 32 699 -5.78 -13.37 32.2 704 32.4 708 32.6 712 -5.91 -13.32 32.8 716 -5.97 -13.17 33 721 -6.10 -13.32 33.2 725 -5.82 -12.67 33.4 729 -6.22 -13.43 33.6 733 -6.24 -13.34 33.8 738 34 742 -5.95 -13.13 34.2 746 -6.24 -14.00 34.4 751 -6.26 -13.66 34.6 755 -6.41 -13.72 34.8 759 -6.35 -13.37 35 763 -6.37 -13.82 35.2 768 35.4 772 -6.12 -13.64 35.6 776 -5.97 -13.41 35.8 780 -5.96 -13.48 36 785 -5.88 -13.30 36.2 789 -5.90 -13.36 36.4 793 -5.41 -12.76 36.6 797 -5.69 -13.42 36.8 802 -5.46 -13.21 37 806 -5.52 -13.28 37.2 810 37.4 814 -5.75 -13.85 37.6 819 -5.72 -13.30 37.8 823 -5.89 -13.81 38 827 -5.60 -13.21 38.2 831 -5.63 -13.22 38.4 836 -5.72 -13.20 38.6 840 -5.88 -13.41 38.8 844 -5.93 -13.31 39 848 -6.09 -13.52 39.2 853 -6.12 -13.25 39.4 857 -6.16 -13.46 39.6 861 -6.13 -13.48 39.8 865 -5.92 -13.01 40 870 -6.23 -13.63 40.2 874 -6.02 -13.27 40.4 878 -6.04 -13.32 40.6 882 -5.86 -13.49 40.8 887 -6.06 -13.60 41 891 -6.16 -13.72 41.2 895 -6.08 -13.52 41.4 899 -5.77 -13.18 41.6 904 -5.51 -13.00 41.8 908 -5.65 -13.41 42 912 -5.48 -13.25 42.2 916 -5.17 -12.92 42.4 920 -5.10 -12.85 42.6 924 -5.40 -13.32 42.8 928 -5.49 -13.25 43 932 43.2 936 -5.60 -13.35 43.4 940 -5.60 -13.50 43.6 944 -5.48 -13.33 43.8 948 -5.54 -13.32 44 952 -5.22 -12.74 44.2 956 -5.41 -13.08 44.4 960 -5.63 -13.38 44.6 964 -5.58 -13.28 44.8 968 -5.38 -13.37 45 972 -5.53 -13.53 45.2 976 -5.45 -13.32 45.4 980 -5.28 -13.40 45.6 984 -5.36 -13.45 45.8 988 -5.36 -13.46 46 992 -5.42 -13.33 46.2 996 -5.26 -12.84 46.4 1000 -5.38 -13.49 46.6 1004 -5.30 -13.43 46.8 1008 -5.22 -13.10 47 1012 -5.16 -13.04 47.2 1016 -4.89 -12.95 47.4 1021 -5.03 -13.27 47.8 1028 -4.99 -13.07 48 1033 -4.95 -13.02 48.2 1037 -5.14 -13.24 48.4 1041 -5.18 -13.43 48.6 1045 -5.17 -13.47 48.8 1049 -5.16 -13.40 49 1053 -5.25 -13.67 49.2 1057 -5.15 -13.20 49.4 1061 -5.21 -13.27 49.6 1065 -5.24 -13.31 49.8 1069 -5.33 -13.24 50 1073 -5.32 -13.02 50.2 1077 -5.30 -13.12 50.4 1081 -5.08 -12.75 50.6 1085 -5.26 -13.11 50.8 1089 -5.34 -13.10 51 1093 -5.28 -12.93 51.2 1097 -5.59 -13.53 51.4 1101 -5.74 -13.45 51.6 1105 -5.84 -13.34 51.8 1109 -5.97 -13.50 52 1113 -5.73 -13.00 52.2 1117 -5.95 -13.44 52.4 1121 -5.83 -13.21 52.6 1125 -5.79 -13.23 52.8 1129 -5.73 -13.35 53 1133 -5.71 -13.23 53.2 1137 -5.65 -13.46 53.4 1141 -5.58 -12.97 53.6 1145 53.8 1149 -5.28 -12.97 54 1170 -5.33 -12.72 57.4 1206 -5.75 -12.80 57.6 1226 -5.83 -12.86 57.8 1230 -5.96 -13.20 58 1234 -5.89 -12.95 58.2 1238 -5.94 -13.03 58.4 1242 -5.61 -12.33 58.6 1246 -5.69 -12.64 58.8 1250 -5.78 -12.95 59 1254 -5.81 -12.75 59.2 1258 -5.81 -12.90 59.4 1262 -5.86 -12.91 59.6 1266 59.8 1270 -5.87 -12.81 60 1274 -5.72 -12.44 60.2 1278 -5.93 -12.86 60.4 1282 -5.98 -12.85 60.6 1286 -5.77 -12.43 60.8 1290 -5.96 -12.95 61 1294 -5.95 -12.82 61.2 1299 -6.04 -12.96 61.4 1303 -5.75 -12.65 61.6 1307 -6.06 -13.10 61.8 1311 -6.06 -13.02 62 1315 -5.92 -13.06 62.2 1319 -5.48 -12.37 62.4 1323 -5.74 -12.92 62.6 1327 -5.74 -12.91 62.8 1331 -5.74 -12.94 63 1335 -5.75 -12.94 63.2 1339 -5.53 -12.69 63.4 1343 -5.36 -12.45 63.6 1348 -5.52 -12.91 64 1355 -5.66 -13.09 64.4 1363 -5.71 -13.06 64.8 1371 -5.58 -12.69 65.2 1378 -5.68 -12.97 65.4 1384 -5.58 -12.43 65.8 1391 -5.75 -12.97