# Stevenson - Cold Springs - PIEC - ITRDB AR077 #---------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #---------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 4.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite original publication, NOAA Landing Page URL, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, study title, NOAA Landing Page URL, and date accessed. # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # NOAA_Landing_Page: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/17215 # Landing_Page_Description: NOAA Landing Page of this file's parent study, which includes all study metadata. # # Study_Level_JSON_Metadata: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/json/noaa-tree-17215.json # Study_Level_JSON_Description: JSON metadata of this data file's parent study, which includes all study metadata. # # Data_Type: Tree Ring # # Dataset_DOI: # # Science_Keywords: #-------------------- # Resource_Links # # Data_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/treering/measurements/northamerica/usa/ar077r-crn-noaa.txt # Data_Download_Description: Raw Measurements - NOAA Template File; ar077r-crn-noaa.txt # # Related_Online_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/treering/chronologies/northamerica/usa/ar077r.crn # Related_Online_Description: CRN File; Chronology - Tucson Decadal File # #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2014-08-18 #-------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2014-08-18 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Stevenson - Cold Springs - PIEC - ITRDB AR077 #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Stevenson, D.; Lynch, T.B.; Heineman, R.; Holeman, R.; Wilson, D.; Anderson, K.; Guldin, J.M. #-------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: NOAA Template Chronology file added 2018-12-20. NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-02-08. #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Douglas J. Stevenson, Thomas B. Lynch, Pradip Saud, Robert Heineman, Randal Holeman, Dennis Wilson, Keith Anderson, Chris Cerny, James M. Guldin # Journal_Name: Dendrochronologia # Published_Title: Winter in the Ouchitas - A severe winter storm signature in Pinus echinata in the Ouachita Mountains of Oklahoma and Arkansas, USA # Published_Date_or_Year: 2016 # Volume: 37 # Pages: 107-115 # Issue: # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1016/j.dendro.2016.01.001 # Full_Citation: None # Abstract: Each year severe winter storms (~ice storms) damage trees throughout the southern USA. Arkansas and Oklahoma have a history of severe winter storms. To extend that history back beyond the reach of written records, a distinctive tree ring pattern or signature is needed. Storm-caused breakage, branch loss and bending stress provide that signature. We found a severe storm signature in shortleaf pine (Pinus echinata). We used three published site chronologies, a set of five new site chronologies from a growth-and-yield study conducted by Oklahoma State University and the unpublished Shortleaf Canyon chronology from a master's thesis at the University of Arkansas. Our method is based on two ring width values for the first and second growing seasons after the storm standardized to the ring widths of the seven growing seasons after the storm. Concordance between storm years predicted by tree ring patterns and actual storm years was tested using Cohen's Kappa. Concern about confounding of ice storm signals by droughts led us to test concordance between severe storms and drought in July, August and September; results were inconclusive but stand as a warning that these two phenomena cannot be distinguished with certainty in the tree ring record. Damaging severe storms occurred in about 2.8% of all years. Two out of three storms identified as "severe" produced glaze icing. #-------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: # Grant: #-------------------- # Site_Information # Site_Name: Cold Springs # Location: Arkansas # Northernmost_Latitude: 35.05 # Southernmost_Latitude: 35.05 # Easternmost_Longitude: -93.8833 # Westernmost_Longitude: -93.8833 # Elevation_m: 154 #-------------------- # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: AR077 # First_Year: 1941 # Last_Year: 2008 # Time_Unit: CE # Core_Length_m: # Parameter_Keywords: ring width # Notes: #-------------------- # Species # Species_Name: Pinus echinata Mill. # Common_Name: shortleaf pine # Tree_Species_Code: PIEC #-------------------- # Variables # # PaST_Thesaurus_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/skos/past-thesaurus.rdf # PaST_Thesaurus_Download_Description: Paleoenvironmental Standard Terms (PaST) Thesaurus terms, definitions, and relationships in SKOS format. # # Data variables follow that are preceded by '##' in columns one and two. # Variables format: shortname-tab-var components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, data type, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) # ## age_CE age,,,year Common Era,,tree ring,,,N, ## trsgi tree ring standardized growth index,,,,,tree ring,composited,standard chronology method,N, ## numsamp number of samples,,,count,,tree ring,,,N, #--------------------- # Data: # Missing_Values: NA age_CE trsgi numsamp 1942 0.506 1 1943 0.633 1 1944 1.101 2 1945 1.402 5 1946 0.972 5 1947 0.96 7 1948 1.315 10 1949 0.984 14 1950 1.214 16 1951 0.987 20 1952 0.804 20 1953 0.986 20 1954 0.767 21 1955 1.049 22 1956 0.618 23 1957 1.463 23 1958 1.095 23 1959 0.944 23 1960 0.878 23 1961 1.242 23 1962 1.114 23 1963 0.57 23 1964 0.828 23 1965 0.922 23 1966 1.122 23 1967 1.118 23 1968 1.137 23 1969 1.085 23 1970 0.912 23 1971 1.043 23 1972 0.754 23 1973 1.55 23 1974 1.1 23 1975 1.107 23 1976 0.476 23 1977 0.778 23 1978 0.748 23 1979 1.223 23 1980 0.564 23 1981 1.147 23 1982 1.058 23 1983 1.152 23 1984 0.896 23 1985 0.986 23 1986 1.108 23 1987 1.224 23 1988 1.071 23 1989 1.255 23 1990 0.958 23 1991 1.011 23 1992 0.944 23 1993 0.856 23 1994 1.379 23 1995 1.036 22 1996 1.234 22 1997 0.805 22 1998 1.142 22 1999 1.185 22 2000 0.907 22 2001 0.531 22 2002 0.828 22 2003 0.898 22 2004 1.056 22 2005 1.016 22 2006 0.935 20 2007 1.096 20 2008 1.227 6