White Mountains Bristlecone Pine d13C and Precipitation Reconstruction ----------------------------------------------------------------------- World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder and NOAA Paleoclimatology Program ----------------------------------------------------------------------- NOTE: PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL REFERENCE WHEN USING THIS DATA!!!!! NAME OF DATA SET: White Mountains Bristlecone Pine d13C and Precipitation Reconstruction LAST UPDATE: 7/2011 (Original receipt by WDC Paleo) CONTRIBUTORS: Bale, R.J., I. Robertson, M.W. Salzer, N.J. Loader, S.W. Leavitt, M. Gagen, T.P. Harlan, and D. McCarroll IGBP PAGES/WDCA CONTRIBUTION SERIES NUMBER: 2011-097 WDC PALEO CONTRIBUTION SERIES CITATION: Bale, R.J., et al. 2011. White Mountains Bristlecone Pine d13C and Precipitation Reconstruction. IGBP PAGES/World Data Center for Paleoclimatology Data Contribution Series # 2011-098. NOAA/NCDC Paleoclimatology Program, Boulder CO, USA. ORIGINAL REFERENCE: Bale, R.J., I. Robertson, M.W. Salzer, N.J. Loader, S.W. Leavitt, M. Gagen, T.P. Harlan, and D. McCarroll. 2011. An annually resolved bristlecone pine carbon isotope chronology for the last millennium. Quaternary Research, Vol. 76, Issue 1, pp 22-29, July 2011. doi:10.1016/j.yqres.2011.05.004 ABSTRACT: We present the first near millennium-length, annually resolved stable isotope record from bristlecone pines (Pinus longaeva, D.K Bailey). The carbon isotope ratios from the cellulose of seven trees from the White Mountains of California, corrected for anthropogenic changes in atmospheric chemistry, are used to reconstruct growing season (June through August) precipitation back to AD 1085. Extremely negative isotope results are strongly correlated with proposed severest El Niņo events over the last 500 yr, and similar values in the first half of the millennium are used to reconstruct a further 13 strong El Niņo events, concentrated in the 12th Century and the mid 13th and 14th Centuries. Ring-width chronologies from adjacent sites in the White Mountains demonstrate a high degree of decadal covariance with the d13C series, although there are several periods of notable divergence. GEOGRAPHIC REGION: Western North America PERIOD OF RECORD: 1085 - 2005 AD FUNDING SOURCES: UK Natural Environment Research Council (NE/B501504/1), Nuffield Foundation (grant NAL/01107/G), European Commission (grant 017008), US National Science Foundation Grant ATM-0902279, and an anonymous donor to the Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research. DESCRIPTION: Carbon isotope data and precipitation reconstruction for the last 920 years from bristlecone pine tree rings collected in the White Mountains, California, USA. Two corrections are applied to the raw d13C data prior to precipitation reconstruction, and the two corrected series plus the original raw d13C series are provided in the data files. The raw d13C measurements were corrected to a pre-industrial atmospheric d13C base value of -6.4 per mil using simple addition, compensating for the 'anthropogenic decline' from input to the atmosphere of 13C-depleted CO2 from fossil fuel combustion and land-use change. After correction for the isotopic composition of the atmosphere, a second correction (known as the PreINdustrial or PIN correction, which represents a change in ecophysiological response to rapidly rising concentrations of CO2) was applied to the fossil fuel corrected data, producing a series used for palaeoclimate reconstruction. Blanco West tree ring site, White Mountains, California: 37°27'N, 118°10'W, ~3200m elevation. DATA: Column 1: Year CE Column 2: d13C 7 tree mean (PreINdustrial [PIN] corrected from 1800) Column 3: d13C fossil fuel corrected Column 4: d13C raw Column 5: Reconstructed JJA precipitation (cm) Year d13C d13C-ffc d13C-raw Reconstructed JJA precipitation (cm) 1085 -20.04 4.90 1086 -19.89 4.47 1087 -20.23 5.48 1088 -19.60 3.61 1089 -19.58 3.55 1090 -19.81 4.24 1091 -20.15 5.22 1092 -19.73 3.99 1093 -19.83 4.30 1094 -19.46 3.20 1095 -19.28 2.68 1096 -19.22 2.50 1097 -19.29 2.70 1098 -19.19 2.41 1099 -19.22 2.50 1100 -19.03 1.94 1101 -19.29 2.68 1102 -19.07 2.03 1103 -19.27 2.63 1104 -19.12 2.20 1105 -19.65 3.75 1106 -19.82 4.25 1107 -19.47 3.23 1108 -18.79 1.22 1109 -19.27 2.64 1110 -19.09 2.12 1111 -19.08 2.08 1112 -19.48 3.26 1113 -19.56 3.48 1114 -20.03 4.87 1115 -19.89 4.45 1116 -19.59 3.59 1117 -19.27 2.65 1118 -19.49 3.28 1119 -19.57 3.53 1120 -20.11 5.11 1121 -20.39 5.95 1122 -20.18 5.31 1123 -19.97 4.70 1124 -20.31 5.70 1125 -19.68 3.84 1126 -19.45 3.18 1127 -19.35 2.87 1128 -19.52 3.37 1129 -19.70 3.91 1130 -19.50 3.32 1131 -18.98 1.77 1132 -19.11 2.18 1133 -19.15 2.29 1134 -18.92 1.59 1135 -19.07 2.06 1136 -19.02 1.90 1137 -19.16 2.32 1138 -19.27 2.63 1139 -18.99 1.83 1140 -18.84 1.36 1141 -18.54 0.50 1142 -18.77 1.17 1143 -18.68 0.91 1144 -18.69 0.94 1145 -18.62 0.72 1146 -18.46 0.26 1147 -18.44 0.18 1148 -18.81 1.29 1149 -18.74 1.08 1150 -18.42 0.14 1151 -18.45 0.23 1152 -18.13 -0.74 1153 -18.74 1.08 1154 -18.82 1.30 1155 -18.88 1.49 1156 -18.86 1.43 1157 -19.07 2.06 1158 -18.95 1.71 1159 -18.75 1.10 1160 -18.60 0.67 1161 -18.54 0.48 1162 -19.04 1.95 1163 -18.80 1.24 1164 -19.37 2.93 1165 -19.26 2.62 1166 -19.26 2.59 1167 -18.61 0.70 1168 -19.11 2.17 1169 -19.05 1.99 1170 -18.58 0.61 1171 -19.14 2.26 1172 -19.29 2.69 1173 -19.84 4.31 1174 -19.23 2.51 1175 -19.21 2.46 1176 -18.90 1.55 1177 -19.43 3.11 1178 -19.29 2.71 1179 -19.44 3.14 1180 -19.58 3.56 1181 -19.96 4.67 1182 -19.52 3.37 1183 -19.76 4.09 1184 -19.69 3.88 1185 -19.29 2.70 1186 -19.37 2.95 1187 -19.40 3.03 1188 -19.56 3.49 1189 -19.25 2.59 1190 -19.49 3.29 1191 -19.93 4.60 1192 -20.12 5.15 1193 -19.18 2.38 1194 -19.37 2.93 1195 -19.01 1.87 1196 -19.27 2.64 1197 -19.17 2.35 1198 -18.91 1.56 1199 -19.08 2.08 1200 -19.13 2.22 1201 -19.22 2.49 1202 -19.35 2.89 1203 -19.82 4.27 1204 -19.99 4.77 1205 -19.32 2.80 1206 -19.78 4.15 1207 -19.69 3.89 1208 -19.04 1.95 1209 -19.53 3.39 1210 -19.36 2.90 1211 -19.38 2.96 1212 -19.31 2.75 1213 -19.44 3.13 1214 -19.22 2.51 1215 -19.12 2.19 1216 -19.22 2.50 1217 -18.93 1.62 1218 -19.41 3.06 1219 -19.46 3.21 1220 -18.68 0.91 1221 -19.24 2.56 1222 -19.47 3.23 1223 -19.58 3.57 1224 -19.30 2.73 1225 -19.69 3.87 1226 -18.97 1.76 1227 -19.02 1.90 1228 -19.07 2.04 1229 -18.93 1.65 1230 -19.47 3.22 1231 -19.20 2.42 1232 -19.12 2.21 1233 -19.67 3.83 1234 -19.35 2.89 1235 -19.47 3.23 1236 -19.71 3.93 1237 -20.16 5.26 1238 -19.33 2.81 1239 -19.70 3.91 1240 -19.20 2.43 1241 -19.86 4.38 1242 -19.31 2.76 1243 -19.25 2.58 1244 -19.23 2.51 1245 -18.96 1.74 1246 -19.17 2.34 1247 -20.22 5.43 1248 -19.46 3.20 1249 -19.08 2.07 1250 -19.49 3.28 1251 -19.59 3.59 1252 -19.20 2.43 1253 -18.88 1.50 1254 -19.12 2.19 1255 -19.13 2.22 1256 -19.59 3.59 1257 -19.22 2.48 1258 -18.88 1.50 1259 -18.73 1.03 1260 -19.28 2.67 1261 -19.41 3.04 1262 -19.52 3.39 1263 -19.41 3.04 1264 -19.25 2.58 1265 -19.71 3.93 1266 -20.17 5.29 1267 -20.49 6.23 1268 -19.60 3.62 1269 -19.27 2.64 1270 -19.18 2.37 1271 -19.23 2.51 1272 -19.13 2.24 1273 -19.76 4.08 1274 -20.02 4.85 1275 -19.75 4.05 1276 -19.08 2.07 1277 -19.47 3.23 1278 -19.43 3.11 1279 -19.71 3.92 1280 -19.74 4.02 1281 -19.23 2.52 1282 -19.05 1.98 1283 -19.37 2.94 1284 -19.27 2.65 1285 -18.98 1.77 1286 -18.85 1.40 1287 -18.73 1.03 1288 -18.90 1.56 1289 -19.23 2.52 1290 -19.67 3.82 1291 -19.59 3.59 1292 -19.19 2.39 1293 -19.62 3.66 1294 -19.26 2.62 1295 -19.61 3.64 1296 -19.10 2.12 1297 -19.55 3.45 1298 -19.12 2.21 1299 -19.29 2.69 1300 -19.15 2.27 1301 -19.23 2.52 1302 -19.23 2.52 1303 -18.99 1.81 1304 -19.11 2.16 1305 -18.99 1.81 1306 -19.05 2.00 1307 -19.35 2.87 1308 -19.22 2.49 1309 -19.50 3.31 1310 -19.43 3.12 1311 -19.21 2.46 1312 -19.53 3.41 1313 -19.87 4.41 1314 -19.46 3.19 1315 -18.97 1.75 1316 -18.84 1.38 1317 -19.11 2.17 1318 -19.18 2.38 1319 -19.11 2.17 1320 -18.92 1.62 1321 -19.00 1.84 1322 -19.21 2.48 1323 -19.04 1.95 1324 -19.12 2.19 1325 -18.91 1.58 1326 -19.07 2.06 1327 -18.90 1.56 1328 -18.92 1.59 1329 -19.04 1.97 1330 -19.10 2.15 1331 -19.70 3.90 1332 -19.98 4.74 1333 -19.08 2.07 1334 -19.27 2.64 1335 -18.79 1.22 1336 -19.21 2.47 1337 -18.98 1.79 1338 -18.65 0.82 1339 -19.14 2.26 1340 -19.27 2.64 1341 -19.64 3.72 1342 -19.49 3.29 1343 -20.17 5.30 1344 -19.65 3.75 1345 -19.28 2.68 1346 -19.38 2.97 1347 -19.21 2.46 1348 -19.54 3.43 1349 -20.11 5.11 1350 -19.25 2.57 1351 -19.40 3.03 1352 -19.48 3.26 1353 -19.34 2.85 1354 -19.86 4.38 1355 -19.28 2.66 1356 -19.66 3.79 1357 -19.33 2.82 1358 -19.27 2.63 1359 -19.23 2.51 1360 -18.87 1.46 1361 -18.49 0.35 1362 -19.04 1.96 1363 -19.14 2.26 1364 -19.16 2.30 1365 -19.42 3.08 1366 -19.54 3.42 1367 -19.51 3.36 1368 -19.31 2.76 1369 -19.20 2.44 1370 -19.62 3.68 1371 -19.28 2.67 1372 -19.32 2.79 1373 -19.04 1.95 1374 -19.26 2.60 1375 -19.58 3.57 1376 -19.15 2.28 1377 -18.94 1.67 1378 -18.91 1.59 1379 -18.92 1.61 1380 -19.29 2.70 1381 -19.54 3.44 1382 -20.15 5.23 1383 -19.52 3.37 1384 -19.40 3.03 1385 -19.41 3.06 1386 -19.66 3.78 1387 -19.46 3.21 1388 -19.29 2.69 1389 -19.22 2.49 1390 -19.25 2.57 1391 -19.41 3.05 1392 -19.51 3.33 1393 -19.66 3.78 1394 -19.48 3.24 1395 -19.14 2.26 1396 -19.13 2.22 1397 -19.23 2.53 1398 -19.12 2.20 1399 -19.00 1.83 1400 -18.76 1.12 1401 -19.43 3.10 1402 -19.34 2.83 1403 -19.39 3.00 1404 -19.21 2.45 1405 -19.97 4.72 1406 -19.39 3.01 1407 -18.97 1.75 1408 -19.50 3.30 1409 -19.48 3.25 1410 -19.25 2.59 1411 -19.71 3.92 1412 -19.26 2.61 1413 -19.08 2.08 1414 -19.58 3.55 1415 -19.52 3.36 1416 -19.54 3.44 1417 -19.44 3.13 1418 -19.70 3.90 1419 -19.70 3.90 1420 -19.23 2.52 1421 -19.72 3.96 1422 -20.64 6.67 1423 -19.51 3.34 1424 -19.30 2.74 1425 -19.48 3.25 1426 -19.20 2.44 1427 -19.66 3.79 1428 -19.76 4.08 1429 -19.83 4.28 1430 -19.74 4.01 1431 -19.69 3.89 1432 -19.58 3.56 1433 -19.70 3.92 1434 -20.02 4.85 1435 -19.76 4.08 1436 -19.42 3.07 1437 -19.34 2.84 1438 -19.47 3.22 1439 -19.49 3.29 1440 -19.80 4.21 1441 -19.73 3.98 1442 -19.62 3.67 1443 -19.42 3.09 1444 -19.19 2.41 1445 -19.31 2.74 1446 -19.83 4.28 1447 -19.52 3.37 1448 -19.40 3.01 1449 -19.15 2.30 1450 -19.36 2.90 1451 -19.52 3.36 1452 -19.42 3.08 1453 -19.81 4.24 1454 -19.46 3.19 1455 -19.04 1.95 1456 -18.74 1.07 1457 -18.89 1.52 1458 -18.89 1.53 1459 -18.85 1.39 1460 -18.76 1.14 1461 -19.11 2.16 1462 -19.56 3.50 1463 -19.73 4.01 1464 -19.54 3.44 1465 -19.96 4.67 1466 -19.69 3.86 1467 -19.46 3.19 1468 -19.44 3.13 1469 -19.49 3.29 1470 -19.42 3.07 1471 -19.50 3.32 1472 -19.06 2.02 1473 -18.81 1.27 1474 -18.91 1.57 1475 -18.90 1.55 1476 -19.39 2.99 1477 -19.40 3.03 1478 -19.34 2.84 1479 -19.24 2.55 1480 -19.50 3.33 1481 -18.89 1.51 1482 -18.94 1.67 1483 -19.55 3.46 1484 -19.88 4.45 1485 -19.65 3.76 1486 -20.32 5.72 1487 -20.17 5.31 1488 -20.01 4.82 1489 -19.64 3.72 1490 -19.62 3.67 1491 -19.35 2.87 1492 -19.08 2.07 1493 -19.52 3.36 1494 -19.44 3.13 1495 -19.11 2.17 1496 -19.13 2.22 1497 -19.20 2.43 1498 -19.30 2.73 1499 -18.87 1.46 1500 -19.00 1.84 1501 -19.27 2.65 1502 -19.18 2.39 1503 -19.02 1.89 1504 -18.97 1.75 1505 -18.69 0.93 1506 -18.62 0.71 1507 -18.99 1.81 1508 -19.42 3.09 1509 -19.76 4.08 1510 -19.38 2.97 1511 -19.07 2.04 1512 -19.24 2.55 1513 -19.38 2.95 1514 -18.86 1.44 1515 -19.05 2.00 1516 -19.28 2.67 1517 -19.31 2.74 1518 -19.09 2.10 1519 -19.14 2.25 1520 -19.30 2.73 1521 -18.98 1.77 1522 -18.70 0.95 1523 -18.90 1.55 1524 -18.88 1.50 1525 -18.96 1.74 1526 -19.32 2.78 1527 -19.05 1.98 1528 -19.33 2.82 1529 -19.05 1.99 1530 -19.41 3.04 1531 -19.34 2.84 1532 -19.04 1.95 1533 -19.49 3.29 1534 -19.59 3.58 1535 -19.46 3.21 1536 -19.48 3.27 1537 -19.21 2.47 1538 -19.67 3.80 1539 -19.53 3.39 1540 -19.00 1.85 1541 -18.89 1.53 1542 -19.08 2.08 1543 -19.00 1.84 1544 -18.84 1.36 1545 -19.12 2.20 1546 -19.30 2.72 1547 -19.17 2.33 1548 -19.11 2.18 1549 -19.53 3.41 1550 -19.45 3.17 1551 -19.21 2.46 1552 -19.26 2.61 1553 -19.19 2.41 1554 -19.22 2.49 1555 -19.01 1.87 1556 -19.37 2.94 1557 -19.22 2.50 1558 -19.39 2.98 1559 -19.34 2.85 1560 -19.63 3.69 1561 -19.64 3.71 1562 -19.53 3.41 1563 -19.16 2.30 1564 -19.34 2.83 1565 -19.24 2.56 1566 -19.48 3.27 1567 -19.33 2.83 1568 -19.06 2.01 1569 -18.92 1.60 1570 -18.77 1.15 1571 -18.85 1.39 1572 -18.75 1.09 1573 -18.98 1.77 1574 -19.01 1.87 1575 -18.72 1.03 1576 -18.72 1.02 1577 -18.77 1.16 1578 -18.46 0.25 1579 -18.45 0.21 1580 -18.78 1.19 1581 -18.84 1.36 1582 -18.82 1.31 1583 -18.70 0.95 1584 -18.94 1.66 1585 -18.84 1.37 1586 -18.73 1.05 1587 -18.63 0.76 1588 -18.71 0.98 1589 -18.75 1.12 1590 -19.01 1.87 1591 -18.73 1.05 1592 -18.77 1.15 1593 -19.02 1.91 1594 -19.39 2.98 1595 -19.08 2.07 1596 -19.08 2.07 1597 -19.02 1.91 1598 -18.79 1.23 1599 -19.00 1.85 1600 -18.95 1.70 1601 -18.84 1.37 1602 -18.97 1.74 1603 -18.83 1.34 1604 -18.85 1.41 1605 -19.59 3.58 1606 -19.45 3.17 1607 -19.56 3.51 1608 -19.62 3.66 1609 -19.08 2.09 1610 -19.13 2.21 1611 -19.09 2.10 1612 -19.56 3.49 1613 -19.66 3.79 1614 -19.75 4.05 1615 -19.76 4.07 1616 -19.89 4.47 1617 -20.08 5.03 1618 -20.12 5.15 1619 -19.35 2.89 1620 -19.72 3.97 1621 -19.14 2.27 1622 -19.02 1.92 1623 -19.19 2.41 1624 -19.62 3.68 1625 -19.56 3.49 1626 -19.23 2.51 1627 -19.20 2.43 1628 -19.29 2.69 1629 -19.27 2.63 1630 -19.18 2.37 1631 -19.09 2.10 1632 -19.32 2.78 1633 -19.54 3.44 1634 -19.31 2.77 1635 -19.55 3.46 1636 -19.88 4.43 1637 -19.18 2.37 1638 -19.20 2.42 1639 -18.94 1.68 1640 -19.10 2.13 1641 -19.17 2.35 1642 -19.17 2.35 1643 -19.37 2.92 1644 -19.43 3.12 1645 -19.39 2.99 1646 -19.00 1.84 1647 -19.24 2.54 1648 -19.23 2.51 1649 -19.34 2.86 1650 -19.05 1.98 1651 -18.98 1.78 1652 -19.12 2.19 1653 -18.80 1.25 1654 -18.63 0.74 1655 -18.61 0.68 1656 -18.79 1.21 1657 -18.78 1.19 1658 -18.86 1.42 1659 -19.06 2.01 1660 -19.01 1.88 1661 -18.85 1.39 1662 -19.09 2.12 1663 -19.11 2.16 1664 -18.74 1.06 1665 -18.82 1.32 1666 -18.88 1.47 1667 -18.44 0.19 1668 -18.44 0.20 1669 -18.36 -0.06 1670 -18.30 -0.22 1671 -18.25 -0.37 1672 -18.48 0.31 1673 -18.56 0.55 1674 -18.55 0.52 1675 -18.55 0.52 1676 -18.70 0.95 1677 -18.75 1.11 1678 -18.56 0.56 1679 -18.96 1.74 1680 -19.38 2.96 1681 -19.33 2.80 1682 -19.12 2.20 1683 -18.92 1.62 1684 -18.93 1.65 1685 -19.06 2.02 1686 -18.73 1.05 1687 -18.96 1.73 1688 -18.92 1.61 1689 -18.57 0.58 1690 -18.54 0.50 1691 -18.69 0.92 1692 -18.66 0.83 1693 -18.66 0.83 1694 -18.61 0.69 1695 -18.44 0.19 1696 -18.64 0.77 1697 -18.49 0.35 1698 -18.57 0.56 1699 -18.82 1.32 1700 -18.82 1.32 1701 -18.51 0.39 1702 -18.54 0.48 1703 -18.76 1.13 1704 -18.85 1.39 1705 -19.24 2.55 1706 -18.99 1.81 1707 -18.71 0.98 1708 -18.94 1.67 1709 -19.03 1.94 1710 -19.00 1.83 1711 -18.96 1.71 1712 -18.89 1.51 1713 -19.00 1.85 1714 -18.74 1.07 1715 -18.68 0.90 1716 -18.79 1.22 1717 -19.12 2.18 1718 -19.51 3.35 1719 -19.60 3.61 1720 -19.44 3.14 1721 -18.83 1.33 1722 -19.07 2.05 1723 -19.21 2.46 1724 -19.47 3.22 1725 -19.95 4.63 1726 -19.77 4.12 1727 -19.32 2.78 1728 -19.01 1.86 1729 -18.74 1.08 1730 -19.13 2.21 1731 -19.11 2.16 1732 -18.68 0.90 1733 -18.73 1.03 1734 -18.92 1.61 1735 -18.90 1.55 1736 -18.87 1.46 1737 -18.57 0.58 1738 -18.34 -0.11 1739 -18.46 0.25 1740 -18.96 1.72 1741 -18.82 1.32 1742 -19.11 2.17 1743 -18.96 1.72 1744 -19.23 2.52 1745 -19.39 3.00 1746 -19.08 2.07 1747 -19.22 2.48 1748 -19.30 2.74 1749 -19.43 3.12 1750 -19.16 2.31 1751 -18.67 0.87 1752 -18.61 0.68 1753 -18.68 0.90 1754 -18.88 1.50 1755 -18.82 1.31 1756 -18.59 0.63 1757 -19.05 2.00 1758 -19.17 2.35 1759 -19.09 2.09 1760 -19.35 2.88 1761 -19.36 2.90 1762 -18.65 0.81 1763 -18.94 1.68 1764 -19.17 2.36 1765 -18.87 1.46 1766 -19.25 2.59 1767 -19.44 3.12 1768 -19.60 3.61 1769 -19.38 2.95 1770 -19.29 2.71 1771 -19.53 3.40 1772 -19.07 2.05 1773 -19.29 2.71 1774 -19.72 3.97 1775 -19.43 3.10 1776 -19.12 2.19 1777 -19.02 1.89 1778 -19.12 2.20 1779 -18.93 1.64 1780 -18.83 1.35 1781 -18.73 1.06 1782 -18.66 0.84 1783 -18.91 1.58 1784 -19.38 2.97 1785 -19.14 2.24 1786 -19.38 2.96 1787 -19.30 2.74 1788 -19.37 2.93 1789 -19.68 3.85 1790 -19.27 2.64 1791 -19.65 3.76 1792 -19.43 3.10 1793 -19.30 2.71 1794 -18.84 1.36 1795 -18.94 1.66 1796 -19.37 2.93 1797 -19.39 2.99 1798 -19.56 3.50 1799 -19.68 3.84 1800 -19.23 -19.26 -19.26 2.51 1801 -19.63 -19.56 -19.56 3.68 1802 -19.91 -19.79 -19.79 4.54 1803 -19.63 -19.66 -19.66 3.71 1804 -19.53 -19.50 -19.50 3.41 1805 -19.60 -19.60 -19.60 3.61 1806 -19.25 -19.24 -19.24 2.57 1807 -19.45 -19.39 -19.39 3.18 1808 -19.40 -19.36 -19.36 3.03 1809 -19.36 -19.33 -19.33 2.89 1810 -19.81 -19.73 -19.73 4.22 1811 -19.60 -19.60 -19.60 3.61 1812 -18.87 -18.99 -18.99 1.46 1813 -18.70 -18.79 -18.79 0.96 1814 -18.97 -18.99 -18.99 1.74 1815 -19.04 -19.12 -19.12 1.94 1816 -19.45 -19.44 -19.44 3.16 1817 -19.55 -19.56 -19.56 3.45 1818 -19.50 -19.49 -19.49 3.32 1819 -19.30 -19.32 -19.32 2.73 1820 -19.28 -19.29 -19.29 2.68 1821 -19.05 -19.12 -19.12 2.00 1822 -19.14 -19.16 -19.16 2.25 1823 -19.01 -19.09 -19.09 1.87 1824 -19.26 -19.36 -19.36 2.62 1825 -19.28 -19.36 -19.36 2.66 1826 -19.30 -19.38 -19.38 2.73 1827 -19.61 -19.71 -19.71 3.63 1828 -19.93 -19.98 -19.98 4.58 1829 -19.32 -19.40 -19.40 2.77 1830 -19.37 -19.44 -19.44 2.94 1831 -19.30 -19.37 -19.37 2.71 1832 -19.23 -19.32 -19.32 2.51 1833 -18.88 -18.92 -18.92 1.48 1834 -18.65 -18.74 -18.74 0.81 1835 -18.52 -18.67 -18.67 0.41 1836 -18.71 -18.94 -18.94 0.99 1837 -19.12 -19.30 -19.30 2.21 1838 -19.35 -19.48 -19.48 2.87 1839 -19.38 -19.51 -19.51 2.95 1840 -19.22 -19.25 -19.25 2.49 1841 -19.37 -19.40 -19.40 2.94 1842 -19.21 -19.25 -19.25 2.45 1843 -19.01 -19.05 -19.05 1.87 1844 -18.97 -19.03 -19.03 1.75 1845 -19.17 -19.22 -19.22 2.35 1846 -18.79 -18.90 -18.90 1.23 1847 -19.19 -19.28 -19.28 2.41 1848 -19.13 -19.20 -19.20 2.23 1849 -19.30 -19.37 -19.36 2.72 1850 -19.33 -19.34 -19.35 2.82 1851 -19.59 -19.60 -19.63 3.59 1852 -19.53 -19.54 -19.57 3.41 1853 -20.00 -20.01 -20.04 4.78 1854 -20.11 -20.13 -20.16 5.12 1855 -19.16 -19.18 -19.21 2.31 1856 -19.11 -19.14 -19.18 2.16 1857 -19.14 -19.17 -19.21 2.27 1858 -19.28 -19.29 -19.34 2.66 1859 -19.67 -19.71 -19.76 3.82 1860 -19.82 -19.86 -19.92 4.26 1861 -19.52 -19.56 -19.62 3.38 1862 -19.42 -19.47 -19.54 3.09 1863 -19.44 -19.70 -19.77 3.14 1864 -19.14 -19.20 -19.27 2.25 1865 -19.55 -19.61 -19.69 3.45 1866 -19.54 -19.60 -19.68 3.42 1867 -19.33 -19.40 -19.49 2.81 1868 -19.90 -19.97 -20.06 4.51 1869 -20.16 -20.23 -20.33 5.26 1870 -20.02 -20.10 -20.20 4.84 1871 -20.06 -20.15 -20.26 4.98 1872 -19.61 -19.70 -19.81 3.64 1873 -19.63 -19.72 -19.83 3.69 1874 -19.79 -19.89 -20.01 4.17 1875 -19.71 -19.81 -19.93 3.92 1876 -19.52 -19.64 -19.77 3.38 1877 -19.53 -19.65 -19.78 3.41 1878 -19.56 -19.69 -19.83 3.50 1879 -19.42 -19.56 -19.70 3.09 1880 -19.69 -19.82 -19.97 3.88 1881 -19.46 -19.60 -19.75 3.20 1882 -19.21 -19.36 -19.51 2.45 1883 -19.45 -19.60 -19.76 3.16 1884 -19.53 -19.69 -19.85 3.40 1885 -19.29 -19.46 -19.63 2.69 1886 -19.49 -19.66 -19.83 3.30 1887 -19.48 -19.65 -19.83 3.25 1888 -19.44 -19.62 -19.80 3.15 1889 -19.61 -19.79 -19.97 3.65 1890 -19.78 -19.96 -20.15 4.13 1891 -20.51 -20.67 -20.86 6.30 1892 -19.54 -19.73 -19.93 3.43 1893 -19.69 -19.88 -20.08 3.87 1894 -19.76 -19.96 -20.17 4.07 1895 -19.38 -19.60 -19.81 2.97 1896 -19.67 -19.88 -20.10 3.80 1897 -19.49 -19.71 -19.93 3.28 1898 -18.97 -19.21 -19.43 1.75 1899 -19.05 -19.29 -19.52 1.98 1900 -19.25 -19.49 -19.72 2.57 1901 -19.56 -19.79 -20.03 3.49 1902 -19.10 -19.35 -19.59 2.12 1903 -18.88 -19.15 -19.40 1.48 1904 -19.51 -19.76 -20.01 3.35 1905 -19.16 -19.43 -19.69 2.32 1906 -19.67 -19.92 -20.18 3.82 1907 -19.56 -19.78 -20.04 3.50 1908 -19.82 -20.03 -20.30 4.27 1909 -19.05 -19.29 -19.56 1.98 1910 -19.29 -19.53 -19.81 2.70 1911 -19.22 -19.47 -19.75 2.49 1912 -19.33 -19.58 -19.87 2.82 1913 -20.08 -20.30 -20.59 5.04 1914 -19.75 -19.99 -20.29 4.06 1915 -19.32 -19.58 -19.88 2.79 1916 -19.01 -19.29 -19.59 1.88 1917 -19.35 -19.66 -19.89 2.86 1918 -19.62 -19.87 -20.18 3.68 1919 -19.21 -19.48 -19.80 2.45 1920 -19.25 -19.53 -19.85 2.57 1921 -19.53 -19.80 -20.13 3.42 1922 -19.82 -20.07 -20.40 4.26 1923 -19.20 -19.49 -19.83 2.43 1924 -19.26 -19.55 -19.89 2.62 1925 -20.15 -20.39 -20.73 5.24 1926 -19.65 -19.93 -20.28 3.77 1927 -19.23 -19.53 -19.88 2.51 1928 -18.84 -19.16 -19.52 1.36 1929 -18.91 -19.24 -19.60 1.57 1930 -18.85 -19.19 -19.56 1.40 1931 -18.87 -19.18 -19.54 1.45 1932 -18.89 -19.23 -19.61 1.52 1933 -18.88 -19.22 -19.60 1.49 1934 -18.92 -19.26 -19.64 1.60 1935 -18.85 -19.20 -19.59 1.40 1936 -19.29 -19.61 -20.00 2.69 1937 -19.16 -19.49 -19.89 2.32 1938 -19.38 -19.70 -20.10 2.96 1939 -19.32 -19.65 -20.06 2.78 1940 -19.55 -19.86 -20.27 3.45 1941 -19.71 -20.01 -20.43 3.92 1942 -19.36 -19.68 -20.10 2.90 1943 -19.17 -19.52 -19.94 2.36 1944 -19.41 -19.74 -20.17 3.05 1945 -19.65 -19.96 -20.39 3.75 1946 -19.44 -19.77 -20.21 3.13 1947 -19.14 -19.49 -19.93 2.25 1948 -18.92 -19.29 -19.74 1.60 1949 -19.12 -19.49 -19.94 2.20 1950 -19.08 -19.45 -19.91 2.09 1951 -19.21 -19.57 -20.03 2.46 1952 -19.29 -19.65 -20.11 2.70 1953 -19.24 -19.61 -20.08 2.56 1954 -19.13 -19.51 -19.98 2.24 1955 -19.24 -19.61 -20.09 2.56 1956 -19.20 -19.58 -20.06 2.42 1957 -18.96 -19.37 -19.86 1.72 1958 -19.17 -19.56 -20.05 2.34 1959 -18.49 -18.95 -19.45 0.33 1960 -18.98 -19.41 -19.91 1.79 1961 -19.50 -19.89 -20.39 3.32 1962 -19.31 -19.72 -20.24 2.74 1963 -19.21 -19.64 -20.19 2.45 1964 -19.60 -20.00 -20.58 3.60 1965 -19.66 -20.07 -20.68 3.78 1966 -19.32 -19.77 -20.40 2.78 1967 -19.68 -20.11 -20.77 3.85 1968 -19.75 -20.18 -20.87 4.04 1969 -19.38 -19.87 -20.59 2.96 1970 -19.06 -19.60 -20.35 2.01 1971 -19.34 -19.86 -20.63 2.85 1972 -19.05 -19.61 -20.41 1.99 1973 -19.21 -19.76 -20.59 2.46 1974 -18.95 -19.55 -20.41 1.71 1975 -19.03 -19.63 -20.52 1.94 1976 -19.38 -19.95 -20.87 2.98 1977 -19.27 -19.87 -20.81 2.64 1978 -19.12 -19.75 -20.72 2.18 1979 -19.54 -20.11 -21.11 3.42 1980 -19.17 -19.82 -20.85 2.35 1981 -19.19 -19.84 -20.90 2.40 1982 -19.72 -20.30 -21.38 3.96 1983 -19.45 -20.08 -21.19 3.18 1984 -19.77 -20.36 -21.50 4.12 1985 -19.18 -19.87 -21.04 2.36 1986 -19.02 -19.75 -20.95 1.90 1987 -19.17 -19.88 -21.10 2.35 1988 -19.13 -19.85 -21.10 2.22 1989 -19.02 -19.77 -21.05 1.91 1990 -19.39 -20.08 -21.39 3.00 1991 -19.65 -20.29 -21.63 3.75 1992 -19.10 -19.86 -21.23 2.14 1993 -18.71 -19.55 -20.94 0.98 1994 -18.85 -19.67 -21.09 1.40 1995 -19.28 -20.02 -21.47 2.67 1996 -19.45 -20.16 -21.64 3.16 1997 -19.58 -20.27 -21.78 3.55 1998 -19.58 -20.28 -21.81 3.56 1999 -19.55 -20.25 -21.81 3.45 2000 -19.12 -19.93 -21.52 2.21 2001 -19.07 -19.90 -21.52 2.05 2002 -18.78 -19.68 -21.33 1.18 2003 -18.83 -19.72 -21.39 1.34 2004 -18.93 -19.81 -21.50 1.63 2005 -19.29 -20.09 -21.80 2.70