# Bonney - Terra Cotta Forest CA B (Site 10) - THOC - ITRDB CANA665 #---------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #---------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 4.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite original publication, NOAA Landing Page URL, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, study title, NOAA Landing Page URL, and date accessed. # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # NOAA_Landing_Page: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/36610 # Landing_Page_Description: NOAA Landing Page of this file's parent study, which includes all study metadata. # # Study_Level_JSON_Metadata: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/json/noaa-tree-36610.json # Study_Level_JSON_Description: JSON metadata of this data file's parent study, which includes all study metadata. # # Data_Type: Tree Ring # # Dataset_DOI: # # Science_Keywords: trends, Vegetation Reconstruction #-------------------- # Resource_Links # # Data_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/treering/measurements/northamerica/canada/cana665-rwl-noaa.txt # Data_Download_Description: Raw Measurements - NOAA Template File; cana665-rwl-noaa.txt # # Related_Online_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/treering/measurements/northamerica/canada/cana665.rwl # Related_Online_Description: RWL File; Raw Measurements - Tucson Decadal File # # Supplemental_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/treering/measurements/correlation-stats/cana665.txt # Supplemental_Description: Text File; Correlation Stats # #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2022-06-17 #-------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2022-06-17 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Bonney - Terra Cotta Forest CA B (Site 10) - THOC - ITRDB CANA665 #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Bonney, M.T.; He, H. #-------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2022-09-08. #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Mitchell T. Bonney and Yuhong He # Journal_Name: International Journal of Applied Earth Observations and Geoinformation # Published_Title: Temporal connections between long-term Landsat time-series and tree-rings in an urban-rural temperate forest # Published_Date_or_Year: 2021 # Volume: 103 # Pages: # Issue: # Report_Number: 102523 # DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jag.2021.102523 # Full_Citation: None # Abstract: Time-series of satellite-derived vegetation proxies and tree-rings widths (TRW) are similar, providing temporal records of forest productivity change from different perspectives and processes. Previous research on this relationship has focused on temperature or moisture limited coniferous forests, using lower spatial resolution (e.g., 8000 m) satellites and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) to test relationships over 15-30 years. There is an opportunity to leverage recent advances in building Landsat (30 m) time-series to expand comparisons into new forest types (e.g., coniferous vs. deciduous), areas (e.g., fragmented forests) and over longer periods (e.g., nearly 50 years). However, a better understanding of factors that influence relationship strength is required. We compared tree-ring measurements, converted to a ring width index (RWI), and Landsat tasseled cap angle (TCA) derived canopy cover (CC) from 1972 to 2018 across 16 deciduous, mixed, and coniferous stands in southern Ontario, Canada. For all chronologies, overall relationship strength was assessed with correlation approaches (RWI-CC, both vs. climate), and shorter-term increase-decline trends were compared with segmented regression. There were significant forest type differences, with coniferous chronologies correlating stronger with CC than deciduous. Deciduous chronologies and CC had opposite connections with summer temperature, with climate warming increasing CC and coniferous RWI but not deciduous RWI from 1980 to 2010. More recent decline at most sites appears related to a major ice storm, but multiple factors may be coexisting. We tested the utility of tree-rings for validating nearly 50 years of Landsat-observed change in urban-rural temperate forests, identifying useful connections at coniferous sites. However, there are limitations to comparing long-term Landsat time-series (based on yearly summer data) with annual tree-ring growth. #-------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) # Grant: RGPIN-386183 #-------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) Postgraduate Fellowship # Grant: #-------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Centre for Urban Environments # Grant: #-------------------- # Site_Information # Site_Name: Terra Cotta Forest CA B (Site 10) # Location: Canada # Northernmost_Latitude: 43.744722 # Southernmost_Latitude: 43.744722 # Easternmost_Longitude: -79.955833 # Westernmost_Longitude: -79.955833 # Elevation_m: 365 #-------------------- # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: CANA665 # First_Year: 1902 # Last_Year: 2018 # Time_Unit: CE # Core_Length_m: # Parameter_Keywords: ring width # Notes: None #-------------------- # Species # Species_Name: Thuja occidentalis L. # Common_Name: northern white-cedar # Tree_Species_Code: THOC #-------------------- # Variables # # PaST_Thesaurus_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/skos/past-thesaurus.rdf # PaST_Thesaurus_Download_Description: Paleoenvironmental Standard Terms (PaST) Thesaurus terms, definitions, and relationships in SKOS format. # # Data variables follow that are preceded by '##' in columns one and two. # Variables format: shortname-tab-var components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, data type, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) # ## age_CE age,,,year Common Era,,tree ring,,,N, ## 1010a_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: 1010a; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 ## 1010b_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: 1010b; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 ## 1013a_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: 1013a; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 ## 1013b_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: 1013b; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 ## 1014a_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: 1014a; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 ## 1014b_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: 1014b; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 ## 1016a_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: 1016a; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 ## 1016b_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: 1016b; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 ## 1017a_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: 1017a; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 ## 1017b_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: 1017b; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 ## 1019a_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: 1019a; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 ## 1019b_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: 1019b; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 ## 1020a_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: 1020a; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 ## 1020b_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: 1020b; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 ## 1022a_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: 1022a; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 ## 1022b_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: 1022b; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 ## 1025a_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: 1025a; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 ## 1025b_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: 1025b; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 ## 1026a_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: 1026a; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 ## 1026b_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: 1026b; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 ## 1027a_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: 1027a; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 ## 1027b_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: 1027b; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 ## 1028a_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: 1028a; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 ## 1028b_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: 1028b; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 ## 1029a_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: 1029a; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 ## 1029b_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: 1029b; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 ## 1030a_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: 1030a; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 ## 1030b_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: 1030b; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 ## 1005b_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: 1005b; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 ## 1009a_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: 1009a; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 ## 1009b_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: 1009b; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 #--------------------- # Data: # Missing_Values: NA age_CE 1010a_raw 1010b_raw 1013a_raw 1013b_raw 1014a_raw 1014b_raw 1016a_raw 1016b_raw 1017a_raw 1017b_raw 1019a_raw 1019b_raw 1020a_raw 1020b_raw 1022a_raw 1022b_raw 1025a_raw 1025b_raw 1026a_raw 1026b_raw 1027a_raw 1027b_raw 1028a_raw 1028b_raw 1029a_raw 1029b_raw 1030a_raw 1030b_raw 1005b_raw 1009a_raw 1009b_raw 1902 NA NA NA 1.526 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1903 NA NA NA 2.097 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 2.12 NA 1904 NA 1.407 NA 2.869 NA NA NA NA NA NA 2.996 NA NA NA 2.915 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 2.1 NA 1905 NA 1.272 NA 2.52 NA 1.458 NA NA NA NA 2.472 NA NA NA 2.487 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1.672 0.831 1906 NA 1.848 NA 2.954 NA 2.641 NA NA NA NA 3.053 NA NA NA 2.206 3.541 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 2.214 1.273 1907 1.45 1.389 NA 1.927 1.789 1.632 NA NA NA NA 1.886 NA NA NA 1.647 2.954 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1.779 1.625 1908 2.536 1.534 NA 1.811 1.832 1.531 NA NA NA NA 1.79 NA NA NA 1.028 2.973 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1.666 2.198 1909 1.246 1.19 1.863 1.599 1.661 2.033 NA NA 1.262 NA 1.65 NA NA NA 1.172 1.966 NA NA NA NA NA 1.425 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1.809 1.719 1910 2.497 1.716 1.462 1.334 1.857 2.223 NA NA 2.087 1.907 2.413 2.508 NA NA 1.563 1.756 NA NA NA NA NA 1.86 NA NA 1.543 NA NA NA NA 2.555 2.645 1911 1.048 0.9 1.021 1.027 1.399 1.483 1.122 NA 1.271 1.462 1.811 2.281 NA NA 1.262 1.657 NA 1.557 NA NA NA 1.254 NA NA 1.117 NA NA NA NA 1.526 1.772 1912 1.533 1.156 1.465 1.366 1.965 2.044 1.394 NA 1.165 1.231 2.225 2.934 NA NA 1.793 2.25 NA 1.503 NA NA NA 0.749 NA NA 1.383 NA NA NA NA 1.916 2.187 1913 2.079 1.346 2.458 1.917 2.45 2.571 1.854 NA 1.518 1.947 2.912 3.149 NA NA 2.128 2.671 NA 2.335 NA NA NA 1.297 NA NA 1.763 NA NA NA NA 2.619 2.836 1914 1.576 1.261 2.142 1.482 1.761 2.192 1.501 NA 1.603 1.729 2.608 2.651 1.356 NA 1.829 2.368 1.699 1.759 NA NA NA 1.092 NA NA 1.242 NA NA NA NA 2.08 1.932 1915 2.274 1.792 2.837 2.605 2.588 3.197 1.813 NA 2.361 2.089 3.339 2.968 2.817 NA 2.351 2.78 2.211 2.32 NA NA NA 1.697 NA NA 1.694 NA NA NA NA 3.421 3.8 1916 1.642 1.335 2.273 1.99 1.806 2.192 1.386 NA 1.824 1.554 2.203 2.698 1.814 NA 1.812 2.415 1.535 1.979 NA NA NA 1.139 NA NA 1.415 NA NA NA NA 2.066 2.237 1917 2.088 1.431 1.861 1.726 1.469 1.365 0.966 2.279 1.534 1.498 1.842 2.271 3.716 NA 1.514 1.869 1.448 1.587 NA NA NA 0.749 NA NA 1.153 NA NA NA NA 1.932 2.638 1918 1.693 1.527 1.814 1.629 1.348 1.588 1.327 2.026 1.769 1.874 1.97 2.379 2.505 1.928 1.515 1.793 1.563 1.609 NA NA NA 0.825 NA NA 1.207 NA NA NA NA 1.949 2.319 1919 0.825 0.656 1.26 1.239 0.836 0.974 0.804 1.159 0.981 0.921 1.376 1.38 0.867 1.449 0.943 0.966 1.054 1.164 NA NA NA 0.626 NA NA 0.921 NA 0.448 NA NA 1.24 1.377 1920 1.425 1.418 1.813 1.852 1.351 1.206 1.465 1.849 1.523 1.207 2.097 2.174 1.68 2.315 1.525 1.518 0.979 1.429 NA NA NA 1.046 NA NA 1.631 NA 1.514 NA NA 2.448 2.321 1921 1.59 1.673 2.259 2 1.546 1.672 1.961 2.108 1.352 1.484 2.308 3.293 1.589 2.077 2.001 1.878 1.467 1.81 NA NA NA 1.492 NA NA 1.566 NA 1.554 1.48 NA 2.437 2.676 1922 1.147 1.239 2.263 1.937 1.401 1.26 1.337 1.863 1.127 1.543 1.991 3.17 1.879 2.011 1.461 1.517 0.805 1.375 NA NA NA 1.112 NA NA 1.304 1.968 1.676 1.8 NA 1.981 2.17 1923 1.284 1.379 2.047 2.032 1.519 1.629 1.577 1.568 1.297 1.419 2.128 2.736 1.678 1.774 1.536 1.699 1.291 0.35 NA NA NA 1.35 NA NA 1.446 1.796 1.529 1.288 NA 2.289 2.489 1924 1.496 1.602 2.41 2.688 1.795 1.863 1.888 1.867 1.533 1.821 2.223 2.9 2.227 1.756 1.78 1.507 1.513 1.035 NA NA 1.465 1.705 NA NA 1.542 1.843 1.337 1.581 NA 2.712 2.796 1925 1.253 1.208 2.116 2.267 1.624 1.738 1.611 1.738 1.254 1.515 2.034 2.605 1.806 1.966 1.695 1.602 1.567 0.658 NA NA 1.924 2.085 NA NA 1.227 1.546 1.056 1.19 NA 2.205 2.489 1926 0.913 0.976 1.269 1.514 1.17 1.091 1.225 1.124 0.921 1.376 0.984 2.069 1.364 0.915 0.954 1.124 0.73 0.331 NA NA 1.364 1.246 NA NA 0.894 1.007 1.06 0.938 0.549 1.144 1.398 1927 1.221 1.156 1.533 1.842 1.571 1.45 1.269 1.348 1.105 1.514 1.123 2.788 2.183 1.625 1.556 1.783 0.91 0.445 NA NA 1.88 1.624 1.332 NA 0.97 1.324 1.424 1.286 0.646 1.77 1.981 1928 1.221 0.996 1.721 2.233 1.731 1.715 1.329 1.657 1.253 1.737 1.312 2.442 1.633 2.154 1.497 1.986 0.73 0.572 NA NA 1.923 1.619 1.553 NA 1.126 1.45 1.478 1.181 0.687 1.547 2.012 1929 1.231 0.976 1.52 2.201 1.773 1.576 1.439 1.632 0.965 1.515 1.461 1.828 2.086 2.097 1.567 2.149 0.879 0.731 NA NA 1.774 1.563 1.515 NA 1.099 1.589 1.641 2.054 0.622 1.399 1.759 1930 0.711 0.692 1.365 1.545 1.487 1.069 1.369 1.006 0.771 1.007 1.343 1.479 0.989 1.002 1.185 1.312 0.584 0.584 NA NA 1.55 1.107 1.217 1.046 0.934 1.282 1.38 0.906 0.261 0.986 1.387 1931 1.019 0.882 1.446 1.694 2.053 1.63 1.695 1.501 0.815 1.049 1.695 1.754 1.002 1.486 1.482 1.526 0.774 0.964 1.038 NA 2.222 1.626 1.45 1.467 1.011 1.588 1.944 1.761 0.332 1.398 2.077 1932 1.412 1.137 1.453 1.852 2.731 2.011 1.109 2.595 1.136 1.103 2.433 1.601 1.187 1.465 1.481 1.567 0.955 1.071 1.599 NA 1.218 0.749 1.49 1.485 1.453 1.652 1.666 2.98 0.247 1.219 2.023 1933 1.167 1.138 1.389 1.884 2.751 1.693 1.265 1.421 0.782 1.102 1.775 1.977 0.657 1.783 1.874 1.77 1.029 1.069 1.366 NA 0.942 0.675 1.528 1.62 1.269 1.663 1.697 1.394 0.532 1.282 1.652 1934 1.125 0.745 1.153 1.27 1.61 1.038 0.901 0.998 0.771 0.817 1.496 1.507 0.244 1.062 1.153 1.176 1.029 0.997 1.048 NA 0.859 0.684 1.352 1.294 1.021 1.345 1.275 1.221 0.782 0.763 1.102 1935 1.547 1.156 1.732 1.61 2.462 1.555 1.399 1.899 0.87 1.176 2.155 2.666 0.636 1.783 1.397 2.034 1.22 1.315 1.409 NA 1.017 0.822 1.791 1.776 1.442 2.658 1.878 1.463 1.781 1.313 1.684 1936 1.027 0.656 1.32 1.398 1.652 1.196 1.075 0.952 0.53 0.933 1.711 1.946 0.752 0.945 1.09 0.996 1.072 1.091 0.932 1.139 0.826 0.801 1.029 1.31 1.119 1.398 1.203 1.158 0.526 0.963 1.113 1937 0.772 0.477 1.073 1.081 1.122 1.302 1.138 0.925 0.476 1.018 1.669 1.995 0.598 1.029 0.921 0.847 0.87 0.805 0.741 0.546 0.72 0.571 1.028 1.295 1.096 1.133 1.477 1.255 1.308 0.688 0.847 1938 1.282 0.952 1.492 1.505 1.79 1.969 1.216 1.449 0.709 1.367 2.263 2.978 0.841 1.337 1.312 1.377 1.04 1.102 1.281 1.182 0.92 0.684 1.379 1.343 1.251 1.376 1.805 1.614 1.301 1.122 1.324 1939 1.006 0.741 1.385 1.61 1.853 2.319 1.072 1.503 0.804 1.441 1.849 2.797 0.992 1.284 0.932 1.038 0.859 1.197 0.995 1.219 0.838 0.251 1.109 1.093 1.145 1.441 1.211 1.299 1.697 1.249 1.356 1940 0.964 0.794 1.505 1.674 2.054 2.382 1.091 1.349 0.847 1.421 2.114 2.991 1.045 1.496 1.037 1.028 0.923 1.419 1.419 1.447 0.953 0.352 1.099 1.438 0.953 1.715 1.318 1.529 1.22 1.259 1.281 1941 1.165 0.783 1.299 1.483 1.462 1.663 0.996 1.236 0.667 1.315 1.731 2.441 0.895 1.597 1.122 1.123 1.018 0.932 1.017 0.921 1.207 0.423 1.096 1.087 0.913 1.599 1.178 1.145 0.86 1.228 1.219 1942 1.219 0.878 1.97 1.854 1.983 2.446 1.356 1.664 0.836 1.717 2.231 2.553 1.014 1.909 1.545 1.78 1.273 1.091 1.187 1.233 1.482 0.313 1.391 1.472 1.07 1.991 1.594 1.473 1.501 1.482 1.535 1943 0.867 0.794 1.223 1.356 1.621 1.599 1.09 0.913 0.666 1.291 1.727 2.235 0.757 1.397 1.005 0.984 1.03 0.954 0.998 0.936 1.101 0.674 0.965 1.13 0.997 1.545 1.168 1.135 0.96 1.026 1.081 1944 0.837 0.952 1.245 1.6 1.293 1.747 0.837 1.123 0.699 1.598 1.854 1.821 0.939 1.461 1.069 0.952 1.007 0.974 1.111 1.215 0.953 0.646 1.232 0.879 0.943 1.386 1.061 1.016 1 1.069 1.165 1945 1.261 0.995 1.482 1.833 1.568 1.757 1.092 1.093 0.773 1.334 1.769 2.049 1.055 1.587 1.207 1.048 1.208 1.081 1.228 1.377 1.219 0.947 1.202 1.392 1.219 2.17 1.186 1.31 1.134 1.143 1.239 1946 1.154 1.048 1.451 1.653 1.526 1.742 1.039 0.943 0.783 1.27 1.662 2.049 1.056 1.387 0.465 0.72 1.09 0.985 1.439 1.583 0.963 0.907 1.256 1.108 1.082 2.011 1.264 1.162 1.644 1.09 1.175 1947 0.954 1.037 1.364 1.748 1.972 2.215 1.07 1.03 0.974 1.429 2.488 2.516 0.96 1.354 0.933 0.942 1.132 1.059 1.291 0.858 0.953 0.685 1.266 0.866 0.943 1.873 1.236 1.173 1.654 1.175 1.346 1948 1.048 1.175 1.633 2.175 2.119 1.917 1.378 1.347 0.903 1.397 1.917 2.959 0.875 1.376 0.796 0.784 1.281 1.208 1.894 1.919 1.144 0.861 1.53 1.444 1.084 1.662 1.471 1.649 1.738 1.323 1.518 1949 0.71 0.794 1.17 1.337 1.23 1.507 1.09 0.752 0.499 0.762 1.101 1.623 0.652 0.72 0.372 0.603 0.719 0.855 0.974 1.275 0.762 0.579 0.929 0.876 0.73 0.91 1.047 1.146 1.07 0.889 0.964 1950 0.645 0.857 1.529 1.496 1.665 2.1 1.446 1.379 0.574 1.428 1.641 2.063 0.807 0.942 0.455 1.26 1.239 1.408 1.111 1.26 0.964 0.917 1.001 0.995 0.985 1.482 1.028 1.262 1.76 1.175 1.1 1951 0.635 0.773 1.176 1.327 1.187 1.241 1.297 1.198 0.499 1.154 1.578 2.293 0.584 0.92 0.114 0.825 1.037 0.965 1.006 0.894 0.762 0.603 0.889 1.038 0.984 1.122 1.219 1.2 1.94 0.857 0.911 1952 0.848 0.815 1.248 1.583 1.547 1.316 1.233 1.135 0.594 1.101 1.737 2.029 0.659 0.72 0.247 0.942 1.047 1.103 1.016 1.258 0.922 0.947 1.113 1.218 1.217 1.43 0.997 1.102 1.622 0.942 1.112 1953 0.688 0.761 1.067 1.301 1.272 1.422 1.02 1.378 0.626 0.973 1.588 1.582 0.766 0.635 0.262 0.815 0.889 0.905 0.932 1.238 0.878 0.689 0.997 1.006 0.984 1.012 1.062 1.392 1.696 0.635 0.709 1954 0.858 0.794 0.833 1.147 1.484 1.294 1.012 1.04 0.722 0.858 1.758 1.391 0.808 0.709 0.629 0.751 0.968 0.942 0.678 0.844 1.038 0.548 1.092 0.93 0.974 1.059 0.848 1.103 1.431 0.709 0.825 1955 1.017 0.817 0.833 1.01 1.59 1.368 0.967 1.134 0.702 0.793 1.853 1.444 0.755 0.931 0.77 0.688 0.922 0.772 0.867 1.028 1.388 0.668 1.169 1.166 1.027 1.134 1.198 1.2 1.792 0.815 0.933 1956 0.89 0.637 0.992 0.902 1.23 1.294 1.127 1.337 0.721 0.805 1.589 1.317 0.372 1.048 0.609 0.635 0.89 0.773 0.709 0.851 1.386 0.851 0.984 1.005 1.016 1.25 1.187 1.523 1.696 0.73 0.751 1957 1.09 0.891 1.163 1.181 1.781 1.751 1.393 1.525 0.913 0.889 2.296 1.969 0.51 1.228 0.662 0.974 1.207 1.026 0.985 1.463 2.774 0.937 1.027 1.4 1.238 1.429 1.145 1.467 1.866 0.921 0.869 1958 0.89 0.933 1.302 0.86 1.547 1.591 1.276 1.477 0.924 1.047 2.456 1.831 0.71 1.153 0.74 0.995 0.954 1.027 1.132 1.656 3.08 1.011 1.341 1.435 1.28 1.24 1.156 1.545 2.194 0.868 1.175 1959 0.709 0.722 0.909 0.713 1.156 1.166 1.063 0.967 0.627 0.477 1.006 0.942 0.414 0.583 0.537 0.613 0.837 0.73 0.836 1.03 2.632 0.722 0.876 1.016 0.921 0.784 0.891 1.222 1.337 0.719 0.793 1960 0.582 0.742 0.789 0.414 0.974 0.998 0.968 0.881 0.658 0.656 0.762 1.143 0.349 0.508 0.51 0.636 0.858 0.73 0.932 0.905 2.494 0.612 0.92 1.513 0.953 0.89 1.092 1.114 0.628 0.635 0.625 1961 0.244 1.167 0.823 0.435 1.2 1.051 1.073 1.265 0.732 0.751 1.429 1.238 0.425 0.804 0.508 0.613 0.932 0.847 1.048 1.062 2.888 1.11 1.621 1.291 1.27 1.207 1.007 1.058 1.45 0.783 0.677 1962 0.148 1.051 0.768 0.288 0.945 0.923 0.713 0.988 0.573 0.593 0.889 1.101 0.455 0.487 0.455 0.519 0.7 0.763 0.826 0.958 1.656 0.741 1.018 0.858 1.047 0.954 0.86 0.971 1.289 0.561 0.498 1963 0.498 1.315 1.057 0.721 1.11 1.209 1.063 1.254 0.69 0.868 1.291 1.429 0.752 0.762 0.7 0.667 0.9 0.974 1.016 1.393 1.751 1.024 1.179 1.079 1.249 1.101 1.155 1.092 0.671 0.889 0.783 1964 0.645 1.177 0.875 0.805 1.432 1.475 0.99 1.232 0.733 0.973 1.249 1.386 0.71 0.815 0.784 0.713 0.816 0.847 1.016 1.415 1.773 1.141 0.987 1.185 1.291 1.039 1.103 1.058 1.118 0.889 0.867 1965 0.603 0.998 0.737 0.731 1.422 1.379 0.871 0.99 0.624 0.942 1.386 1.408 0.753 0.709 0.731 0.692 0.837 0.879 1.166 1.275 1.274 1.224 0.881 1.418 1.26 0.974 0.838 1.143 1.417 0.921 0.868 1966 0.574 0.817 0.736 0.763 1.068 1.029 0.968 1.201 0.569 0.731 0.91 1.185 0.625 0.677 0.573 0.595 0.71 0.688 0.87 1.063 1.061 0.99 0.868 1.122 0.931 0.869 0.796 1.033 0.958 0.783 0.667 1967 0.544 0.667 0.801 0.774 0.866 0.795 1.031 1.19 0.525 0.666 0.868 1.048 0.646 0.879 0.645 0.703 0.658 0.592 0.699 0.936 0.913 1.065 0.912 1.112 0.9 0.816 0.71 1.001 0.8 0.709 0.593 1968 0.672 0.636 0.818 0.891 1.219 1.062 1.361 1.36 0.642 0.827 1.175 1.883 0.932 0.793 0.943 0.841 0.868 0.912 0.954 1.404 1.009 1.109 1.213 1.61 1.301 1.165 0.912 1.225 1.054 0.954 0.826 1969 0.618 0.68 0.677 0.742 1.036 0.912 0.989 1.073 0.493 0.648 1.047 1.207 0.795 0.773 0.785 0.777 0.742 0.772 0.997 1.4 0.934 0.757 1.157 1.249 1.122 1.165 0.88 0.926 1.086 0.603 0.533 1970 0.778 0.646 0.582 0.764 1.149 0.958 0.958 1.158 0.534 0.582 1.059 2.117 0.593 0.804 0.592 0.777 0.631 0.762 0.509 1.297 0.775 0.647 1.288 1.302 1.048 1.123 0.786 0.702 1.067 0.582 0.491 1971 0.551 0.7 0.487 0.593 1.25 1.144 0.893 0.946 0.451 0.677 0.984 2.286 0.635 0.667 0.626 0.692 0.787 0.847 0.636 1.313 0.743 0.8 1.126 1.217 1.048 1.197 0.84 0.926 0.789 0.7 0.532 1972 0.518 0.732 0.582 0.583 1.122 0.964 0.968 1.126 0.482 0.614 1.08 1.82 0.658 0.635 0.646 0.883 0.745 0.837 0.795 1.13 0.786 1.014 1.174 1.291 0.973 1.156 0.98 0.958 1.19 0.435 0.577 1973 0.573 0.849 0.794 0.668 0.879 0.687 0.957 1.106 0.555 0.656 1.069 1.238 0.604 0.614 0.614 0.905 0.712 0.825 0.922 1.121 0.679 0.854 0.9 1.026 0.784 0.878 0.948 0.99 1.337 0.465 0.511 1974 0.455 0.584 0.825 0.678 0.656 0.561 0.681 1.03 0.644 0.72 0.92 0.9 0.349 0.523 0.435 0.83 0.457 0.477 0.721 0.641 0.445 0.746 0.719 0.794 0.73 0.709 0.735 0.787 1.188 0.476 0.618 1975 0.297 0.521 0.424 0.393 0.402 0.381 0.446 0.49 0.439 0.571 0.476 0.54 0.212 0.214 0.275 0.393 0.278 0.264 0.488 0.404 0.245 0.418 0.487 0.487 0.391 0.561 0.596 0.543 0.547 0.297 0.341 1976 0.477 0.718 0.825 0.784 0.657 0.519 0.723 0.754 0.674 0.921 0.858 0.867 0.361 0.459 0.455 0.735 0.552 0.635 0.805 0.599 0.499 0.789 0.635 0.709 0.731 0.836 0.821 0.99 0.653 0.699 0.671 1977 0.551 0.603 0.54 0.476 0.635 0.392 0.574 0.648 0.472 0.603 0.656 0.678 0.308 0.385 0.35 0.574 0.446 0.635 0.668 0.469 0.467 0.672 0.646 0.614 0.645 0.847 0.948 0.746 0.471 0.551 0.512 1978 0.254 0.393 0.338 0.298 0.382 0.264 0.404 0.478 0.247 0.466 0.698 0.338 0.117 0.183 0.191 0.331 0.181 0.349 0.371 0.278 0.276 0.439 0.381 0.434 0.466 0.603 0.415 0.446 0.354 0.307 0.267 1979 0.414 0.67 0.508 0.593 0.55 0.434 0.575 0.595 0.416 0.624 0.773 0.371 0.329 0.362 0.349 0.457 0.309 0.413 0.477 0.497 0.297 0.671 0.571 0.688 0.762 0.901 0.511 0.436 0.363 0.423 0.341 1980 0.371 0.411 0.434 0.467 0.571 0.328 0.563 0.638 0.386 0.625 0.815 0.391 0.212 0.342 0.435 0.479 0.341 0.402 0.562 0.445 0.351 0.893 0.688 0.984 0.73 0.889 0.458 0.479 0.256 0.593 0.299 1981 0.529 0.553 0.498 0.509 0.413 0.349 0.605 0.605 0.332 0.423 0.593 0.498 0.222 0.342 0.361 0.501 0.34 0.35 0.647 0.487 0.477 0.847 0.646 1.185 0.656 0.709 0.511 0.49 0.546 0.625 0.416 1982 0.446 0.431 0.444 0.382 0.476 0.318 0.457 0.574 0.299 0.392 0.635 0.508 0.201 0.3 0.391 0.489 0.308 0.306 0.509 0.391 0.424 0.889 0.54 0.879 0.593 0.677 0.427 0.404 0.472 0.582 0.404 1983 0.444 0.584 0.54 0.393 0.392 0.307 0.436 0.457 0.214 0.328 0.476 0.391 0.116 0.224 0.393 0.439 0.234 0.307 0.477 0.497 0.478 0.646 0.688 0.836 0.519 0.646 0.32 0.331 0.428 0.54 0.32 1984 0.476 0.519 0.624 0.392 0.561 0.264 0.554 0.51 0.183 0.349 0.508 0.464 0.096 0.311 0.382 0.376 0.34 0.286 0.435 0.435 0.446 0.614 0.688 0.878 0.55 0.73 0.33 0.414 0.47 0.518 0.362 1985 0.531 0.542 0.53 0.446 0.741 0.36 0.5 0.52 0.181 0.349 0.561 0.635 0.191 0.395 0.445 0.391 0.308 0.349 0.424 0.508 0.489 0.677 0.783 1.059 0.582 0.751 0.511 0.533 0.6 0.54 0.479 1986 0.486 0.562 0.677 0.455 0.624 0.402 0.564 0.702 0.194 0.392 0.688 0.626 0.213 0.321 0.349 0.456 0.361 0.381 0.552 0.552 0.657 0.741 0.783 1.132 0.741 0.774 0.533 0.447 0.985 0.626 0.49 1987 0.573 0.573 0.635 0.488 0.593 0.519 0.573 0.773 0.235 0.571 0.846 0.597 0.224 0.364 0.562 0.539 0.298 0.276 0.502 0.603 0.75 0.624 0.857 1.005 0.645 0.678 0.554 0.437 0.856 0.666 0.469 1988 0.403 0.561 0.603 0.455 0.307 0.413 0.511 0.604 0.214 0.371 0.741 0.425 0.172 0.299 0.435 0.477 0.223 0.254 0.433 0.497 0.635 0.392 0.699 0.879 0.551 0.414 0.363 0.297 0.342 0.519 0.31 1989 0.403 0.434 0.487 0.402 0.338 0.36 0.574 0.529 0.183 0.412 0.54 0.393 0.219 0.416 0.349 0.413 0.214 0.275 0.445 0.498 0.667 0.317 0.719 0.995 0.667 0.508 0.405 0.363 0.449 0.466 0.319 1990 0.487 0.562 0.561 0.593 0.741 0.465 0.726 0.899 0.341 0.657 0.942 0.637 0.326 0.631 0.455 0.54 0.34 0.434 0.593 0.624 0.943 0.646 1.006 1.312 0.762 0.795 0.553 0.522 0.76 0.783 0.587 1991 0.435 0.638 0.497 0.497 0.806 0.635 0.655 0.741 0.397 0.571 0.772 0.681 0.27 0.437 0.404 0.403 0.321 0.359 0.666 0.582 0.88 0.529 0.878 1.153 0.825 0.773 0.587 0.554 0.873 0.763 0.565 1992 0.53 0.539 0.519 0.603 0.942 0.709 0.812 0.889 0.386 0.561 1.101 0.68 0.544 0.749 0.424 0.54 0.392 0.413 0.868 0.625 1.154 0.804 0.921 1.302 1.006 1.049 0.575 0.543 1.019 0.985 0.757 1993 0.615 0.899 0.667 0.805 1.208 0.847 1.178 1.366 0.695 0.815 1.365 0.946 0.639 0.85 0.593 0.763 0.511 0.625 1.037 0.846 1.515 1.228 1.259 1.778 1.27 1.25 0.756 0.681 1.29 1.112 1.012 1994 0.615 0.766 0.624 0.804 0.762 0.857 1.082 0.931 0.546 0.593 1.048 0.828 0.694 0.87 0.53 0.55 0.478 0.592 0.773 0.815 1.175 0.91 1.355 1.598 0.952 0.901 0.799 0.777 0.997 0.816 0.656 1995 0.699 0.899 0.773 0.953 0.996 0.995 1.071 1.143 0.513 0.539 1.037 0.808 0.88 0.922 0.656 0.647 0.436 0.551 1.176 0.796 1.027 0.783 1.259 1.323 0.847 1.027 0.416 0.774 0.954 0.827 0.805 1996 0.552 0.652 0.666 0.709 0.571 0.741 0.773 0.783 0.44 0.445 0.921 0.7 0.619 0.911 0.519 0.571 0.382 0.465 0.943 0.647 1.059 0.688 0.921 1.006 0.751 0.668 0.383 0.774 0.461 0.635 0.614 1997 0.583 0.646 0.688 0.666 0.54 0.584 0.62 0.635 0.385 0.434 0.868 0.681 0.672 0.89 0.53 0.552 0.404 0.519 0.731 0.615 0.688 0.752 0.974 1.016 0.709 0.763 0.595 0.708 0.601 0.646 0.636 1998 0.55 0.53 0.667 0.783 0.54 0.701 0.698 0.73 0.353 0.444 1.302 0.776 0.629 0.858 0.636 0.613 0.33 0.412 0.847 0.489 0.743 0.666 1.153 1.132 0.741 0.731 0.757 0.636 0.729 0.785 0.615 1999 0.424 0.596 0.633 0.657 0.476 0.626 0.598 0.741 0.29 0.413 0.994 0.733 0.478 0.71 0.539 0.658 0.436 0.413 0.89 0.552 0.742 0.805 0.963 0.889 0.593 0.582 0.735 0.59 0.65 0.691 0.476 2000 0.467 0.431 0.656 0.971 0.721 0.52 0.664 0.784 0.376 0.423 1.09 0.85 0.596 0.774 0.498 0.645 0.361 0.392 0.868 0.498 0.805 0.815 1.09 0.815 0.952 0.7 0.713 0.666 0.592 0.631 0.582 2001 0.487 0.539 0.741 0.688 0.562 0.51 0.642 0.754 0.382 0.413 0.826 0.872 0.478 0.667 0.529 0.647 0.35 0.328 0.815 0.521 0.604 0.836 0.639 0.529 0.773 0.477 0.725 0.666 0.434 0.42 0.476 2002 0.414 0.519 0.826 0.667 0.497 0.553 0.429 0.534 0.32 0.339 0.868 0.775 0.497 0.466 0.488 0.657 0.426 0.391 0.667 0.498 0.498 0.688 0.624 0.582 0.656 0.476 0.565 0.517 0.386 0.264 0.455 2003 0.455 0.553 0.985 0.984 0.71 0.552 0.814 0.74 0.625 0.836 1.303 0.904 0.827 1.198 0.551 0.731 0.722 0.54 1.186 0.807 0.689 0.963 0.891 0.858 0.921 0.922 0.851 0.806 0.444 0.5 0.679 2004 0.329 0.448 0.857 0.879 0.784 0.51 0.696 0.582 0.515 0.656 1.144 0.828 0.736 1.137 0.53 0.635 0.51 0.476 0.869 0.573 0.646 0.709 0.699 0.848 0.762 0.893 0.862 0.913 0.378 0.413 0.55 2005 0.434 0.519 0.73 0.762 0.784 0.552 0.696 0.773 0.459 0.476 0.994 0.797 0.64 0.756 0.552 0.636 0.617 0.614 1.007 0.595 0.604 0.836 0.879 0.958 0.825 1.101 0.776 0.84 0.377 0.616 0.869 2006 0.34 0.413 0.762 0.815 0.753 0.488 0.739 0.783 0.311 0.487 0.945 0.797 0.641 0.712 0.53 0.753 0.447 0.551 0.719 0.414 0.626 0.804 1.07 1.044 0.805 0.752 0.655 0.531 0.368 0.782 0.636 2007 0.381 0.403 0.805 0.687 0.752 0.351 0.836 0.922 0.527 0.529 1.027 0.935 0.563 0.786 0.414 0.689 0.446 0.497 0.827 0.392 0.678 0.932 1.134 1.203 0.973 1.04 0.65 0.712 0.345 0.696 0.879 2008 0.606 0.477 1.143 1.175 1.2 0.626 1.155 1.239 1.09 0.604 1.091 1.319 0.826 0.819 0.794 0.964 0.521 0.688 1.048 0.532 0.934 1.315 1.366 1.586 1.165 1.029 0.62 0.818 0.605 1.162 1.25 2009 0.614 0.53 1.196 1.08 1.166 0.647 1.415 1.417 0.953 0.846 1.526 1.975 1.518 0.925 0.817 1.07 0.648 0.846 1.218 0.679 1.345 1.675 1.621 1.416 1.354 1.644 0.87 1.157 0.647 0.385 0.414 2010 0.604 0.521 0.836 0.836 0.621 0.562 1.145 0.933 0.522 0.582 0.911 1.138 0.77 0.829 0.647 0.731 0.478 0.677 1.058 0.519 0.71 1.134 1.038 0.915 0.995 0.965 0.729 0.829 0.54 0.203 0.201 2011 0.308 0.286 0.571 0.614 0.339 0.351 0.75 0.609 0.275 0.286 0.668 0.584 0.588 0.574 0.467 0.541 0.351 0.403 0.677 0.33 0.508 0.733 0.763 0.746 0.783 0.891 0.521 0.52 0.407 0.282 0.222 2012 0.487 0.552 0.73 0.857 0.687 0.392 1.114 0.93 0.265 0.317 0.901 0.712 0.584 0.828 0.465 0.529 0.564 0.529 0.837 0.434 0.836 0.997 1.018 0.935 0.932 0.975 0.75 0.691 0.501 0.52 0.265 2013 0.635 0.444 0.71 0.984 0.847 0.341 0.879 0.983 0.379 0.403 0.794 0.573 0.622 0.797 0.53 0.476 0.457 0.455 0.699 0.414 0.613 0.827 0.931 NA 0.698 0.743 0.795 0.65 0.508 0.508 0.339 2014 0.128 0.117 0.838 0.815 0.822 0.35 0.866 0.898 0.285 0.434 0.869 0.669 0.609 0.947 0.456 0.614 0.446 0.434 0.847 0.605 0.826 0.912 0.074 NA 0.688 0.7 0.123 0.169 0.627 0.483 0.317 2015 0.285 0.084 0.998 0.804 0.704 0.276 1.039 0.866 0.394 0.55 0.71 0.564 0.634 0.946 0.414 0.477 0.383 0.675 0.815 0.647 1.153 1.379 0.096 NA 0.804 0.944 0.142 0.085 0.657 0.695 0.455 2016 0.244 0.064 0.701 0.667 0.618 0.393 0.665 0.65 0.459 0.518 0.699 0.522 0.575 0.648 0.329 0.435 0.329 0.397 0.688 0.435 0.741 0.864 0.074 NA 0.593 0.52 0.123 0.034 0.578 0.571 0.424 2017 0.34 0.159 1.103 1.334 0.909 0.605 0.932 0.866 0.716 0.636 1.079 0.615 0.98 0.947 0.434 0.497 0.5 0.498 1.063 0.488 0.762 1.181 0.117 NA 0.762 0.7 0.227 0.117 0.594 0.818 0.52 2018 0.351 0.105 1.008 1.079 0.857 0.434 0.831 1.032 0.406 0.497 0.732 0.723 0.647 0.696 0.429 0.485 0.282 0.398 0.964 0.482 0.879 1.099 0.075 NA 0.677 0.757 0.081 0.127 0.553 0.895 0.593